Cross-reactivityViral InfectionsMosquitoesAsymptomaticVirusesZIKVAedesEndemicGenusZika virus2019Yellow fever2016Flaviviral infectionsDiseasesSymptomsAntiviral drugsVaccineSymptomaticEncephalitisTransmitidosArbovirus infectionsWest Nile Virus InfecEvidence of Zika infectionMosquitosResearchersAntibody-dependent eSevereInnateClinicalIncubationUsutuHumans2020ProteinsVirus infectionsImmune responseDengue infectionCongenitalBacterialSeverityVaccinesHepatitis C virMicePresenceAntibodies
Cross-reactivity3
- Consideration of the genetic identity of both the Dengue and Zika flaviviruses as well as the cross-reactivity of relevant T cells along with the actions of CD4+ cytotoxic cells in these infections are also presented. (frontiersin.org)
- The weak cross-reactivity of these antibodies doesn't seem to defend against those flaviviruses, but also doesn't induce ADE,' Esswein said, suggesting envelope domain III may be useful to make a vaccine that is safe. (news-medical.net)
- However, extensive cross-reactivity can occur in flavivirus serological assays, and therefore additional tests, such as the plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT), are necessary to distinguish Zika virus infection from other flavivirus infections. (cdc.gov)
Viral Infections5
- Viral infections can cause disease in humans, animals and plants. (wikipedia.org)
- Finally, a summary of the immune biomarkers that have been reported for dengue and Zika viral infections are discussed which may be useful indicators for future anti-viral targets or predictors for disease severity. (frontiersin.org)
- In particular, the RNA interference (RNAi) pathways are of notable significance for the control of viral infections. (mdpi.com)
- Alpha-macroglobulins, which are physiological proteinase inhibitors have been shown to bind to viral proteins and enhance viral infections in vitro. (hawaii.edu)
- Signs of West Nile virus infection are similar to those of other viral infections. (medlineplus.gov)
Mosquitoes19
- Among these viruses was a highly divergent segmented flavivirus whose genetic relatives were recently identified in ticks, mosquitoes, and vertebrates, including febrile humans. (cdc.gov)
- When the Zika epidemic spread through the American continent and then later to Africa and Asia in 2015, researchers compared the characteristics of the Zika infection to Dengue, considering both these viruses were transmitted primarily through the same vector, the Aedes aegypti female mosquitoes. (frontiersin.org)
- Dengue infections are caused by a flavivirus transmitted to humans by female A . aegypti mosquitoes. (mongabay.com)
- The analysis did not show a significant increase in dengue infections even in places where the mosquitoes experienced a population boom following extreme rainfall episodes. (mongabay.com)
- West Nile infection is caused by a virus transmitted by mosquitoes. (researchandmarkets.com)
- An outbreak of Zika virus infection, a flavivirus transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes, was first recognized in northeastern Brazil in early 2015. (cdc.gov)
- In early 2015, an outbreak of Zika virus, a flavivirus transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes, was identified in northeast Brazil, an area where dengue virus was also circulating. (cdc.gov)
- Their new study published today in Cell reveals that mosquitoes become more attracted to hosts that are infected with both flaviviruses , diseases in the same family as West Nile and yellow fever. (smithsonianmag.com)
- The scientists concluded that virus infection changes a mouse's odor, making it more attractive to mosquitoes. (smithsonianmag.com)
- In the sylvatic cycle , Yellow Fever is transmitted by mosquitoes that bite infected monkeys passing the infection to humans living in or visiting jungle areas. (iamat.org)
- In the intermediate or savannah cycle , the infection is transmitted to humans via mosquitoes that bite infected monkeys or other humans living or working in jungle border areas in Africa. (iamat.org)
- Viruses of the flavivirus family, such as Zika and dengue, both transmitted to humans via the bites of infected mosquitoes, are particularly adept at this antibody exploitation. (the-scientist.com)
- Contact your health care provider if you have symptoms of West Nile virus infection, particularly if you may have had contact with mosquitoes. (medlineplus.gov)
- Zika virus (ZIKV), a flavivirus transmitted by Aedes species mosquitoes, was first identified in the Zika Forest by the Virus Research Institute in Uganda in a non-human primate in 1947 and from Aedes africanus mosquitoes in 1948. (cdc.gov)
- The infection is caused by a flavivirus that is spread by mosquitoes. (msdmanuals.com)
- Individual infected mosquitoes may bite more than one person, putting multiple people at risk of infection. (msdmanuals.com)
- Flaviviruses are viruses transmitted by arthropods, mainly mosquitoes. (bvsalud.org)
- In Paraguay, dengue, yellow fever, and Zika viruses were detected in human infections, but studies of flaviviruses in mosquitoes are still scarce. (bvsalud.org)
- Therefore, the objective of the present study was the implementation of a flavivirus detection system in mosquitoes at IICS-UNA. (bvsalud.org)
Asymptomatic9
- Although most persons with Zika virus infection are asymptomatic or have mild clinical disease, infection during pregnancy can cause congenital microcephaly and other brain defects ( 1 ). (cdc.gov)
- Usually human Usutu virus infections are asymptomatic, occasionally they may result in fever and rash. (sciencedaily.com)
- thus, it may be possible for transmission to occur via asymptomatic persons or persons with subclinical disease, who may be unaware that they have been exposed to the infection. (medscape.com)
- Although some dengue infections are asymptomatic, severe infections of this flavivirus can cause hemorrhagic fever and dengue shock syndrome and have a higher risk of complications and death. (uvm.edu)
- Most infections are asymptomatic - persons do not exhibit symptoms. (iamat.org)
- Two recipients subsequently had neuroinvasive disease, one recipient had asymptomatic WNV infection, and a fourth recipient apparently was not infected. (cdc.gov)
- It was estimated that 75% (attack rate) of the island's inhabitants were infected with ZIKV resulting in 18% symptomatic and 82% asymptomatic infections. (cdc.gov)
- Additionally, numerous asymptomatic persons, particularly pregnant women are tested for ZIKV infection and will meet laboratory criteria for infection. (cdc.gov)
- Because asymptomatic infection might be epidemiologically significant, revisions to the interim surveillance case definitions are proposed to include ZIKV infections without disease. (cdc.gov)
Viruses15
- Identifying viruses in synanthropic animals is necessary for understanding the origin of many viruses that can infect humans and developing strategies to prevent new zoonotic infections. (cdc.gov)
- Recent studies describing human infections with animal coronaviruses and paramyxoviruses illustrate well the high zoonotic potential of animal RNA viruses ( 3 ). (cdc.gov)
- These multiple exposures provide increased opportunity for viral adaptation, and because humans are frequently exposed to viruses from synanthropic hosts, this channel becomes a likely route of infection. (cdc.gov)
- As such, we need to identify and characterize viruses from synanthropic animals to understand the origins of many human viruses and obtain insights into the emergence of potential zoonotic infections ( 1 ). (cdc.gov)
- Flaviviruses are arthropod -borne RNA viruses found worldwide that, when introduced into the human body , cause diseases , including neuroinfections, that can lead to serious metabolic consequences and even death . (bvsalud.org)
- Like other viruses , flaviviruses , after entering the human body , contribute to redox imbalance and, consequently, to oxidative stress , which promotes inflammation in skin cells , in the blood and in CNS. (bvsalud.org)
- This review focuses on discussing the effects of oxidative stress and inflammation resulting from pathogen invasion on the metabolic antiviral response of the host, and the ability of viruses to evade the consequences of metabolic changes or exploit them for increased replication and further progression of infection , which affects the development of sequelae and difficulties in therapy . (bvsalud.org)
- Together, this information appraises the current understanding of both Zika and Dengue infections, providing insights for future vaccine design approaches against both viruses. (frontiersin.org)
- Usutu virus, the aetiological agent, belongs to the flavivirus family, together with tick-borne encephalitis-, West Nile- and Dengue viruses. (sciencedaily.com)
- The researchers studied how those antibodies changed over time as they mature and become better able to stick to the Zika virus, and also how the antibodies cross-react with other flaviviruses, including the four types of dengue viruses. (news-medical.net)
- Specifically, we are interested in uncovering common strategies used by positive-strand RNA viruses to facilitate virus replication or limit host responses to infection. (tigem.it)
- Yellow Fever is a viral infection caused by RNA viruses belonging to the Flavivirus genus. (iamat.org)
- Flavivirus infections alter the skin microbiome of mice to increase the production of a sweet-smelling compound that attracts the viruses' insect vectors, a study finds. (the-scientist.com)
- Overview of Arbovirus, Arenavirus, and Filovirus Infections Arbovirus, arenavirus, and filovirus are viruses that are spread from animals to people and, with some viruses, from people to people. (msdmanuals.com)
- The sequencing of 19/91 pools positive for flavivirus was carried out, identifying flavivirus in all cases of insects (mainly detecting Culex Flavivirus, cell fusing agents Flavivirus and Kamiti river virus), evidencing the high distribution of these viruses. (bvsalud.org)
ZIKV13
- For example, examining flaviviruses closely related to ZIKV, the phylogenetic framework indicates New World monkeys are the most likely candidates to be potential reservoirs for ZIKV. (springer.com)
- We illustrate that process by presenting a Flavivirus phylogeny case study for ZIKV and its taxonomic relatives, asking within this framework, which animals might serve as reservoirs for ZIKV. (springer.com)
- We will test the degree of protection achieved by transferring antibodies and/or immune cells to immunocompromised mice, also studying the role of the cellular branch of the immune response against ZIKV infection, as the cellular immune response against mosquito salivary antigens is poorly understood. (sbir.gov)
- The recent outbreaks of Zika virus (ZIKV) infections has changed the ZIKV status from a very mild self-limiting febrile virus to a highly pathogenic virus causing visual impairment, autoimmune response against myelin layer and microcephaly in affected fetus. (scialert.net)
- The vaccines developed should be clinically tested in animal models, which are susceptible for ZIKV infection like Stat2 -/- mice, A129 (IFNAR -/- ) Mice, Swiss Jim Lambert (SJL) mice or Rhesus macaques. (scialert.net)
- Further, researches should target whether vaccines and/or antibodies against ZIKV can induce Antibody Dependent Enhancement (ADE) resulting in subsequent enhancement of flavivirus infection. (scialert.net)
- In 2007, an outbreak of ZIKV disease occurred on Yap Island, Federated States of Micronesia and the ensuing investigation included the first population-based epidemiological study of ZIKV infection and disease. (cdc.gov)
- Due to the rapidly evolving epidemic of Zika virus infection, the Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists (CSTE) Executive Board developed an interim position statement to establish standardized case definitions for Zika virus disease and ZIKV congenital infection dated February 26, 2016, and to add these conditions to the Nationally Notifiable Diseases List. (cdc.gov)
- Public health jurisdictions are encouraged to evaluate, report, and monitor identified ZIKV infections, particularly in pregnant women, that don't meet the clinical criteria of the confirmed and probable congenital and non-congenital disease case classifications. (cdc.gov)
- netic and serologic properties of the ZIKV associated with In 1977, ZIKV infection was confi rmed among 7 pa- this epidemic. (folkhalsomyndigheten.se)
- Z ported human infections indicated that clinical characteris- ika virus (ZIKV) is a mosquito-transmitted virus in the tics of infection with ZIKV included fever, headache, mal- family Flaviviridae and genus Flavivirus . (folkhalsomyndigheten.se)
- Several ZIKV human recent fl avivirus infection in several patients. (folkhalsomyndigheten.se)
- 2 When Zika disease was declared by the of microcephaly potential y linked to ZIKV infection in World Health Organization (WHO) as a public health Viet Nam. (who.int)
Aedes1
- o An Aedes mosquito in the United States bites the infected person during the period of time when the virus can be found in the person's blood, typically only through the first week of infection. (cdc.gov)
Endemic5
- An important difference to note, however, was that the Zika epidemic diffused in a shorter time span compared to the persisting feature of Dengue infections, which is endemic in many Asian countries. (frontiersin.org)
- The disease is endemic in at least 100 countries in the tropics and subtropics with 50 - 100 million infections and 22,000 deaths yearly, causing it to be the leading cause of illness and death in these regions (Waggoner et al. (frontiersin.org)
- Since West Nile virus, a well-known human pathogen, is endemic in the eastern part of Austria, all blood donations from that area have been tested for flavivirus nucleic acid since 2014. (sciencedaily.com)
- Yellow fever (YF) is a mosquito-borne infection that is caused by the YF virus and is endemic to Africa and South America. (medscape.com)
- Although a number of vaccines have been developed to prevent JEV infections in highly endemic regions, issues with efficacy exist and the vaccine often fails to protect at risk populations from the development of encephalitis, which can be fatal. (hawaii.edu)
Genus1
- Native to tropical West Africa, yellow fever is a viral infection, of the genus Flavivirus that also includes dengue fever, West Nile virus and Japanese encephalitis, among others. (theglobalist.com)
Zika virus24
- To increase the proportion of pregnant women with Zika virus infection who receive a definitive diagnosis, CDC recommends expanding real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) testing. (cdc.gov)
- Possible exposures to Zika virus include travel to or residence in an area with active Zika virus transmission, or sex* with a partner who has traveled to or resides in an area with active Zika virus transmission without using condoms or other barrier methods to prevent infection. (cdc.gov)
- This guidance also provides updated recommendations for the clinical management of pregnant women with confirmed or possible Zika virus infection. (cdc.gov)
- Some of the most common flaviviruses are West Nile virus , dengue virus , tick-borne encephalitis virus , Zika virus and Japanese encephalitis virus . (bvsalud.org)
- Though the numbers of Zika virus infections have dropped, which scientists speculate may be due to herd immunity in some areas, there is still potential for future outbreaks. (news-medical.net)
- Zika virus is a kind of flavivirus, and other flavivirus family members include dengue, West Nile, and yellow fever virus. (news-medical.net)
- There is a concern that antibodies generated in response to a Zika virus vaccine could trigger ADE if someone were to be later infected with dengue or other flaviviruses. (news-medical.net)
- We will develop a vaccine candidate based on the A. aegypti salivary protein AgBR1 to control Zika virus infection and other related flaviviruses in the mouse model and in other rodent models such as guinea pigs and hamsters, which better resemble the human disease. (sbir.gov)
- Dr. Oduyebo is also involved with the US Zika Pregnancy Registry, and provides technical assistance to support state, tribal, local and territorial health departments collecting information about pregnancy and infant outcomes following laboratory evidence of confirmed or possible Zika virus infection during pregnancy. (cdc.gov)
- Through this investigation we have uncovered a central role for ER remodeling proteins in regulating virus replication and assembly for several flaviviruses, including dengue virus, Zika virus and West Nile virus. (tigem.it)
- The increased occurrence of microcephaly associated with cerebral damage characteristically seen in congenital infections in Zika virus-affected areas is suggestive of a possible relationship. (cdc.gov)
- The Brazil Ministry of Health (MoH) established a task force to investigate the possible association of microcephaly with Zika virus infection during pregnancy and a registry for incident microcephaly cases (head circumference ≥2 standard deviations [SD] below the mean for sex and gestational age at birth) and pregnancy outcomes among women suspected to have had Zika virus infection during pregnancy. (cdc.gov)
- Further studies are needed to confirm the association of microcephaly with Zika virus infection during pregnancy and to understand any other adverse pregnancy outcomes associated with Zika virus infection. (cdc.gov)
- On May 13, 2016, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) issued interim guidance ( https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/65/wr/mm6518e1.htm ) that recommends Zika virus rRT-PCR testing of urine collected less than 14 days after symptom onset, along with testing of patient-matched serum samples, for the diagnosis of suspected Zika virus infection (1). (cdc.gov)
- Zika virus is a mosquito-borne flavivirus. (cdc.gov)
- Zika virus infection during pregnancy can cause microcephaly and other severe fetal brain defects. (cdc.gov)
- Zika virus infection is also associated with Guillain-Barré syndrome. (cdc.gov)
- Diagnostic testing for Zika virus infection can be accomplished using molecular and serologic methods. (cdc.gov)
- The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has issued Emergency Use Authorizations External (EUA) ( http://www.fda.gov/MedicalDevices/Safety/EmergencySituations/ucm161496.htm External ) for several diagnostic assays to detect Zika virus infection (2). (cdc.gov)
- A positive rRT-PCR result in either specimen confirms Zika virus infection. (cdc.gov)
- However, a negative rRT-PCR in a serum or urine sample collected at any time point after illness onset does not exclude Zika virus infection, and in these cases IgM antibody testing should be performed on serum. (cdc.gov)
- Collect urine samples within 14 days post symptom onset along with patient-matched serum samples for those who match CDC Zika virus clinical and/or epidemiological testing criteria for Zika virus infection. (cdc.gov)
- In May 2015, the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) issued an alert regarding the first confirmed Zika virus infections in Brazil. (cdc.gov)
- The strongest evidence yet that infection with the Zika virus can lead to the later development of Guillain-Barré syndrome has come from a new study. (medscape.com)
20192
- This latest Pharmaceutical and Healthcare disease pipeline guide West Nile Virus Infections - Pipeline Review, H2 2019, provides an overview of the West Nile Virus Infections (Infectious Disease) pipeline landscape. (researchandmarkets.com)
- This Pharmaceutical and Healthcare latest pipeline guide West Nile Virus Infections - Pipeline Review, H2 2019, provides comprehensive information on the therapeutics under development for West Nile Virus Infections (Infectious Disease), complete with analysis by stage of development, drug target, mechanism of action (MoA), route of administration (RoA) and molecule type. (researchandmarkets.com)
Yellow fever4
- Researchers are combining several approaches for the production of flaviviruses under ideal conditions, including the pathogen that causes yellow fever. (mpg.de)
- Children under 6 months of age, persons with immune deficiencies or on immunosuppressive or immunomodulatory therapies, persons with allergies to egg proteins, thymus disorders, malignant neoplasms, transplant recipients, and persons with symptomatic HIV infection should not get the Yellow Fever vaccine. (iamat.org)
- Yellow fever is an illness of varying severity caused by an infection with a type of virus known as a flavivirus. (mydr.com.au)
- in all cases infection appeared relatively mild, self- sus monkey during a yellow fever study in the Zika forest limiting, and nonlethal ( 6 , 8 - 10 ). (folkhalsomyndigheten.se)
20161
Flaviviral infections2
- Serological results should be interpreted according to previous exposure to other flaviviral infections and the flavivirus vaccination status. (europa.eu)
- Results of our study show that DKO mice are completely resilient to lethal flaviviral infections of WNV and JEV. (hawaii.edu)
Diseases2
- Investigations into flavivirus-host interactions has led to new discoveries in viral and cell biology, and will potentially bolster strategies to control the important diseases caused by these pathogens. (utmb.edu)
- Some of the diseases caused by flaviviruses occur continuously in certain regions, while others occur intermittently or sporadically, causing epidemics . (bvsalud.org)
Symptoms3
- While some people have few or no symptoms, the infection can cause a flu-like illness or a more severe, life-threatening disease. (mydr.com.au)
- In terms of what this means for clinical practice, Dr Pardo said that "in the setting of Zika outbreaks, clinicians need to be aware of neurological complications, particularly Guillain-Barré syndrome, and patients with Guillain-Barré symptoms in Zika areas need to be tested for Zika infection. (medscape.com)
- Of the 68 patients, 66 had symptoms compatible with Zika infection before the onset of Guillain-Barré syndrome, with a median time between onset of Zika symptoms and Guillain-Barré symptoms of 7 days. (medscape.com)
Antiviral drugs2
- Antibiotics, which work against bacteria, have no impact, but antiviral drugs can treat life-threatening infections. (wikipedia.org)
- There have also been few studies of antiviral drugs for other flaviviruses. (mja.com.au)
Vaccine5
- We will develop a guinea pig and a hamster model of Zika infection transmitted by A. aegypti mosquito bites, and we will test the immunization efficacy of our vaccine candidates. (sbir.gov)
- However, other recent clinical trials of a different dengue vaccine candidate have revealed that vaccinated individuals can have a high level of antibodies in their bloodstream without being adequately protected from dengue infection. (uvm.edu)
- A ntibodies created during a viral infection or in response to a vaccine help to prevent reinfection with that specific virus but can, in some cases, worsen infections by similar ones. (the-scientist.com)
- The team achieved this by creating a DNA-based vaccine that encodes the nonstructural Zika protein NS3, which is known to elicit a strong T cell response in humans and is unlikely to induce antibodies, certainly not ones that could be exploited in future infections. (the-scientist.com)
- Dengue vaccine Dengue is a mosquito-borne viral infection that causes fever, generalized body aches, and, if severe, external and internal bleeding (called dengue hemorrhagic fever). (msdmanuals.com)
Symptomatic2
- Approximately two-thirds of human TBE virus infections are non-symptomatic. (europa.eu)
- WNV and JEV are the leading etiological agents for arboviral encephalitis in humans, and sporadic outbreaks continue to occur over time resulting in symptomatic infections that account for thousands of deaths each year. (hawaii.edu)
Encephalitis2
- Defining the Role of Alpha-Macroglobulins in the Pathogenesis of Flavivirus Encephalitis. (hawaii.edu)
- Overall, the data from this study demonstrates the significant impact that alpha-macroglobulins have in the pathogenesis of flavivirus-associated encephalitis in mice. (hawaii.edu)
Transmitidos1
- Los Flavivirus constituyen virus transmitidos por artrópodos, principalmente mosquitos. (bvsalud.org)
Arbovirus infections1
- The objective of this study was to estimate the number of homes in Grenada that have a bat infestation, and to determine whether there is a correlation between the number of bat infested homes with the type of roofing or the presence of arbovirus infections of human inhabitants. (researchsquare.com)
West Nile Virus Infec7
- The West Nile Virus Infections (Infectious Disease) pipeline guide also reviews of key players involved in therapeutic development for West Nile Virus Infections and features dormant and discontinued projects. (researchandmarkets.com)
- West Nile Virus Infections (Infectious Disease) pipeline guide helps in identifying and tracking emerging players in the market and their portfolios, enhances decision making capabilities and helps to create effective counter strategies to gain competitive advantage. (researchandmarkets.com)
- The pipeline guide provides a snapshot of the global therapeutic landscape of West Nile Virus Infections (Infectious Disease). (researchandmarkets.com)
- The pipeline guide reviews pipeline therapeutics for West Nile Virus Infections (Infectious Disease) by companies and universities/research institutes based on information derived from company and industry-specific sources. (researchandmarkets.com)
- The pipeline guide reviews key companies involved in West Nile Virus Infections (Infectious Disease) therapeutics and enlists all their major and minor projects. (researchandmarkets.com)
- The pipeline guide evaluates West Nile Virus Infections (Infectious Disease) therapeutics based on mechanism of action (MoA), drug target, route of administration (RoA) and molecule type. (researchandmarkets.com)
- Find and recognize significant and varied types of therapeutics under development for West Nile Virus Infections (Infectious Disease). (researchandmarkets.com)
Evidence of Zika infection1
- We did PCR testing of blood, urine, and spinal fluid in Guillain-Barré patients and we found the urine was the most efficient biological sample for detecting evidence of Zika infection. (medscape.com)
Mosquitos5
- Though the new paper did not find a greater abundance of mosquitos leading to greater infection risk, the link between larger mosquito populations and disease outbreaks warrants further investigation, the authors said. (mongabay.com)
- Approximately 40 percent of the world's population - 2.5 billion people - are at risk of contracting dengue, a viral infection spread by mosquitos in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. (uvm.edu)
- En Paraguay los virus dengue, fiebre amarilla y Zika fueron detectados en infecciones humanas, pero los estudios de flavivirus en mosquitos son aún escasos. (bvsalud.org)
- Por ello, el objetivo del presente estudio fue implementar un sistema de detección de flavivirus en mosquitos en el IICS-UNA. (bvsalud.org)
- Se prepararon en total 201 pools de 1 a 35 mosquitos cada uno agrupados por especie, localidad, entre otros criterios. (bvsalud.org)
Researchers4
- The researchers argue that altered behaviors, like staying indoors during inclement weather, could explain why infection rates did not rise when mosquito populations swelled. (mongabay.com)
- Researchers shed light on the immunometabolism of respiratory infection, providing an avenue towards safer COVID-19 therapeutics for those affected by metabolic disorders. (the-scientist.com)
- Researchers Jason Gill and Paul Turner will discuss their work on bacteriophage therapy to treat drug resistant bacterial infections. (the-scientist.com)
- The researchers also found serologic, but not virologic, evidence of previous infections with other flaviviruses, such as dengue . (medscape.com)
Antibody-dependent e2
- By avoiding the production of antibodies, something vaccines ordinarily induce, the immunization sidesteps the problem of antibody-dependent enhancement, which can amplify infection by a similar virus and is known to occur with dengue and Zika. (the-scientist.com)
- This phenomenon, called antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE), is particularly problematic for the related flaviviruses Zika and dengue. (the-scientist.com)
Severe2
- Usutu virus, a flavivirus of African origin, was first detected in Austria in 2001, when it caused a severe bird die-off, mainly of blackbirds. (sciencedaily.com)
- For those with severe infection, the outlook is more uncertain. (medlineplus.gov)
Innate1
- This review discusses similarities between Dengue and Zika infections, comparing their disease transmissions and vectors involved, and both the innate and adaptive immune responses in these infections. (frontiersin.org)
Clinical2
- Despite revised clinical classifications of dengue infections by the World Health Organization, the wide spectrum of the manifestations of dengue illness continues to pose challenges in diagnosis and patient management for clinicians. (frontiersin.org)
- There has been an increase in Guillain-Barré cases in areas where Zika infections have occurred, and a previous study from French Polynesia showed the possible presence of Zika in Guillain-Barré patients - reporting antibodies and a clinical profile highly suggestive of Zika. (medscape.com)
Incubation2
Usutu4
- In another study Usutu virus was demonstrated in seven human blood donations from eastern Austria, suggesting that human infections seem to be more frequent than previously thought. (sciencedaily.com)
- With increased Usutu virus activity in a region also the risk of human infections increases. (sciencedaily.com)
- Contrary to most other flavivirus infections Usutu is not considered a communicable disease. (sciencedaily.com)
- However, the employed diagnostic test detects essentially all flaviviruses, including Usutu virus," states Franz Allerberger from the Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety (AGES). (sciencedaily.com)
Humans1
- In healthy humans and animals, infections are usually eliminated by the immune system, which can provide lifetime immunity to the host for that virus. (wikipedia.org)
Proteins2
- The genome of Jingmen tick virus (JMTV), which was first identified in 2014 from ticks in the Jingmen province of China ( 9 ), is composed of 4 single-stranded positive-sense RNA segments, 2 of which encode a polymerase protein (NS5) and a helicase protein (NS3) that show close phylogenetic relatedness with the corresponding proteins of classical flaviviruses ( 9 ). (cdc.gov)
- Our current work is focused on evaluating the roles host membrane proteins have in facilitating positive-strand RNA virus infection. (tigem.it)
Virus infections1
- Results determined the percentage of individuals that had bat roosts in their households, whether this was of concern to them, whether they had taken any steps to keep bats out of their residence, and whether they had confirmed or suspected cases of dengue, Zika or Chikungunya virus infections. (researchsquare.com)
Immune response1
- But sometimes when the body mounts an immune response against a flavivirus, there is concern that this response could make the person sicker if they get infected a second time. (news-medical.net)
Dengue infection2
- A reported 40 percent of the world's population is at risk for dengue infection, with a rising number of home-grown cases occurring in the U.S. Dengue infection is caused by any of four related flaviviruses. (uvm.edu)
- Guillain-Barré syndrome is rare after dengue infection alone, so it may be that a previous dengue infection and then an infection with Zika is needed. (medscape.com)
Congenital1
- Tests for other congenital infections were negative. (cdc.gov)
Bacterial1
- An important concept in the evaluation of data regarding transfusion-transmitted bacterial infections (TTBIs) is the definition of a case. (medscape.com)
Severity2
- Indeed, a past infection with Zika increases the severity of a subsequent infection with dengue, and even vaccines against certain dengue serotypes-there are four in all-can worsen infections with others. (the-scientist.com)
- Disease severity resulting from infection by these agents varies widely, but the most extreme manifestations include circulatory instability, increased vascular permeability, and diffuse hemorrhage. (medscape.com)
Vaccines2
- Those vaccines that produce lifelong immunity can prevent some infections. (wikipedia.org)
- To date, the team's research has shown that the antibodies produced by the vaccines can block infection of cells in a laboratory culture dish. (uvm.edu)
Hepatitis C vir1
- The liver recipient had end-stage liver disease caused by hepatitis C virus infection. (cdc.gov)
Mice3
- To determine what specific chemical compound changes with flavivirus infection, the scientists isolated chemicals that were released into the air by infected and uninfected mice. (smithsonianmag.com)
- Previous reports from our laboratory have shown the up-regulation of alpha-macroglobulins in wild type (WT) mice after a lethal subcutaneous WNV infection. (hawaii.edu)
- Consistent with the multiplex immunoassay data, DKO mice also displayed a significantly decreased level of mRNA corresponding to immune genes in response to WNV infection when compared to WT. (hawaii.edu)
Presence1
- But this is the first demonstration using viral PCR testing that definitely shows the presence of Zika infection in patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome. (medscape.com)
Antibodies7
- This is especially important for flaviviruses, because antibodies that protect against one flavivirus may also stick to, but not protect against other flavivirus, increasing the risk of ADE. (news-medical.net)
- To study the antibody response to Zika and another flavivirus, Esswein and Bjorkman looked at several antibodies from the blood of patients from Mexico and Brazil. (news-medical.net)
- To find antibodies that recognize flaviviruses, they used a piece of the outside of the virus, called the envelope domain III protein. (news-medical.net)
- Previous studies have shown the envelope domain III is an important target of protective antibodies that fight flavivirus infections. (news-medical.net)
- Anti-Zika IgM antibodies develop during the first week of illness and persist for approximately 12 weeks following infection. (cdc.gov)
- However, cross-reactive antibodies remain problematic, and may complicate the ability to distinguish between MVEV and other flaviviruses. (mja.com.au)
- This two-pronged response works well for dealing with all manner of viral invaders, but it seems that while the antibodies created during the first infection are a perfect fit for the original virus, the less-specific interaction with a subsequent, related invader actually helps that virus enter cells. (the-scientist.com)