Several regulatory proteins such as dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) are required to maintain mitochondrial morphology via a balance between continuous fusion and fission. (en-journal.org)
Activity of Drp1, a key regulator in mitochondrial fission, is modulated by multiple post-translation modifications and receptor interactions. (en-journal.org)
In this article, we concisely review the recent findings about the biological importance of Drp1-mediated mitochondrial fission in neurons under physiological and pathological conditions. (en-journal.org)
For mitochondrial fission, Drp1 translocates from cytosol to OMM, and divides a mitochondrion into two pieces by GTP hydrolysis. (en-journal.org)
Mitochondrial fission is predominantly controlled by the activity of Drp1, and the frequency of mitochondrial fission determines the quality as well as morphology of mitochondria. (en-journal.org)
Unlike other dynamin family proteins, however, Drp1 does not have a lipid-interacting pleckstrin homology domain [ 7 ], and thus the anchorage of Drp1 to the mitochondrial membrane is mediated by its receptor binding. (en-journal.org)
Aberrant mitochondrial fragmentation controlled by the mitochondrial fission protein, dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1), may result in cell death. (ncku.edu.tw)
Herein, we investigated the effect of melatonin and the role of Drp1 on MPP + -induced mitochondrial fission in rat primary cortical neurons. (ncku.edu.tw)
The prevention of mitochondrial fission by melatonin was not found in neurons transfected with wild-type Drp1. (ncku.edu.tw)
Dynamin-Related-Protein 1 (DRP1) is known to regulate the fission/spliting of mitochondria, the powerhouse within the cells. (usda.gov)
Dynamin-Related-Protein 1 (DRP1) critically regulates mitochondrial and peroxisomal fission in multicellular organisms. (usda.gov)
To study one aspect of mitochondrial dynamics-mitochondrial fission-in mouse DA neurons, we deleted the central fission protein dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1). (jneurosci.org)
Drp1 is thus critical for targeting mitochondria to the nerve terminal, and a disruption in mitochondrial fission can contribute to the preferential death of nigrostriatal DA neurons. (jneurosci.org)
It is regulated by the recruitment of the GTPase Dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) by adaptors at actin- and endoplasmic reticulum-mediated mitochondrial constriction sites. (cam.ac.uk)
Drp1 oligomerization followed by mitochondrial constriction leads to the recruitment of Dynamin 2 to terminate membrane scission. (cam.ac.uk)
We combined time-lapse microscopy and correlative light and electron microscopy to track individual mitochondria in neurons lacking the fission-promoting protein dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) and delineate the kinetics of PINK1-dependent pathways of mitochondrial quality control," they pointed out. (genengnews.com)
Dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1), a cytosolic dynamin-related GTPase, plays a central role in fission by promoting mitochondrial division through its oligomerization into multimeric spiral structures [5]. (centrodinoferrari.com)
among them, mitochondrial fission 1 and mitochondrial fission factor have been proposed to be involved in DRP1 recruitment, although recent in vitro studies seem to not support this hypothesis [6, 7]. (centrodinoferrari.com)
Using biochemical and fluorescence imaging analyses, we show that Shh signaling activity reduces mitochondrial fission and promotes mitochondrial elongation, at least in part, via suppression of the mitochondrial fission protein dynamin-like GTPase Drp1. (janelia.org)
Dynamin-related proteins 1 (Drp1) can be a cytosolic GTPase turned on upon dephosphorylation by calcineurin and oligomerizes to supply the mechanical power necessary for fission that occurs (16, 17). (bioskinrevive.com)
Our results reveal that piceatannol enhances the apoptotic actions of CDDP in OVCA through nuclear activation and stabilization of p53, proteasome-dependent XIAP down-regulation, as well as the improvement of Drp1-reliant mitochondrial fission. (bioskinrevive.com)
Activated ERK1/2 also phosphorylates the GTPase dynamin-related protein (Drp1), which then stimulates mitochondrial fission. (cdc.gov)
Alternatively the top GTPase dynamin-related proteins 1 (DRP1/DLP1/DNM1) (5) along with fission proteins 1 homolog (FIS1) (6) for the OM have already been well characterized as the protein in charge of mitochondrial fission. (sciencepop.org)
The relationship between FENDRR and dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1) was explored using bioinformatics analysis, Chromatin Isolation by RNA Purification (CHIRP), Electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) and Methylation-Specific PCR (MSP) assays. (biomedcentral.com)
Mitochondria10
A key step in mitochondrial segregation is the fission event, which in many eukaryotes occurs by the action of dynamins constricting the outer membrane of the mitochondria from the cytosolic face. (worktribe.com)
In line with this notion, mitochondria are highly dynamic organelles that undergo fission and fusion and move into the cell along the microtubules to generate the mitochondrial network [ 6 ]. (hindawi.com)
Mitochondria are highly dynamic organelles undergoing coordinated cycles of fission and fusion, referred as 'mitochondrial dynamics', in order to maintain their shape, distribution and size. (cam.ac.uk)
Mitochondrial fission is a multi-step process allowing the division of one mitochondrion in two daughter mitochondria. (cam.ac.uk)
Mitochondria are highly dynamic, complex organelles that continuously alter their shape, ranging between two opposite processes, fission and fusion, in response to several stimuli and the metabolic demands of the cell. (centrodinoferrari.com)
Fission also regulates apoptosis through segregation of the most critically injured mitochondria [1, 4]. (centrodinoferrari.com)
rather, mitochondria are now understood to be vibrant, mobile structures, constantly undergoing fusion and fission, and engaging in intimate interactions with other cellular compartments and structures. (biomedcentral.com)
The effectiveness of which apoptosis is usually induced could be affected by mitochondrial fission, a part of a powerful process which involves cleavage of specific mitochondria (15). (bioskinrevive.com)
Mitochondria form dynamic networks that are maintained by balanced fusion and fission events. (uni-koeln.de)
Ongoing membrane fission triggers fragmentation of the mitochondrial network, which facilitates the autophagic removal of damaged mitochondria and cell death. (uni-koeln.de)
Protein4
We identify here a highly divergent, dynamin-related protein (TgDrpC), conserved in apicomplexans as essential for mitochondrial biogenesis and potentially for fission in Toxoplasma gondii. (worktribe.com)
Epigenetic Dysregulation of the Dynamin-Related Protein 1 Binding Partners MiD49 and MiD51 Increases Mitotic Mitochondrial Fission and Promotes Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Mechanistic and Therapeutic Implications. (uchicago.edu)
Dynamin regulates the dynamics and mechanical strength of the actin cytoskeleton as a multifilament actin-bundling protein. (nih.gov)
The most relevant proteins involved in the mitochondrial fusion process are three GTPase dynamin-like proteins: mitofusin 1 (MFN1) and 2 (MFN2), located in the outer mitochondrial membrane, and optic atrophy protein 1 (OPA1), in the inner membrane. (centrodinoferrari.com)
Beginning from the N-terminus, Dynamin consists of a GTPase domain connected to a helical stalk domain via a flexible neck region containing a Bundle Signalling Element and GTPase Effector Domain. (wikipedia.org)
Dynamin binds to and assembles around the neck of the endocytic vesicle, forming a helical polymer arranged such that the GTPase domains dimerize in an asymmetric manner across helical rungs. (wikipedia.org)
Adult-onset autosomal dominant spastic paraplegia linked to a GTPase-effector domain mutation of dynamin 2. (nih.gov)
Stress conditions lead to the activation of the protease OMA1, which selectively cleaves and inactivates the dynamin-like GTPase OPA1 mediating mitochondrial fusion. (uni-koeln.de)
Membrane scission2
Constriction around the vesicle neck leads to the formation of a hemi-fission membrane state that ultimately results in membrane scission. (wikipedia.org)
In mammals, three different dynamin genes have been identified with key sequence differences in their Pleckstrin homology domains leading to differences in the recognition of lipid membranes: Dynamin I is expressed in neurons and neuroendocrine cells Dynamin II is expressed in most cell types Dynamin III is strongly expressed in the testis, but is also present in heart, brain, and lung tissue. (wikipedia.org)
Proteins3
Structural Insights into the Mechanism of Dynamin Superfamily Proteins. (nih.gov)
Dynamins and BAR Proteins-Safeguards against Cancer. (nih.gov)
Alterations in mitochondrial dynamics due to mutations in proteins involved in the fusion-fission machinery represent an important pathogenic mechanism of human diseases. (centrodinoferrari.com)
Cycles of fission and fusion1
The linking of dynamin with the fusion machinery may prevent repeated futile cycles of fission and fusion. (rupress.org)
Machinery4
To date, none of the components of the apicomplexan fission machinery have been identified and validated. (worktribe.com)
Mitochondrial morphology is dynamic and precisely regulated by the mitochondrial fission and fusion machinery. (ncku.edu.tw)
An interconnected highly integrated system of mitochondrial and cytosolic chaperones and proteases along with the fission/fusion machinery represents the surveillance scaffold of mitostasis. (hindawi.com)
The Bif-1-Dynamin 2 membrane fission machinery regulates Atg9-containing vesicle generation at the Rab11-positive reservoirs. (psu.edu)
Hemi-fission1
A hemi-fission intermediate links two mechanistically distinct stages of membrane fission. (nih.gov)
Fragmentation2
As expected given dynamin's known fission activity, vacuole fragmentation in response to salt stress was disrupted in the mutant. (rupress.org)
This organization favors fragmentation, since dynamin polymers are the fission-active form. (rupress.org)
Mitochondrial fusion and fission are fundamental processes underlying cellular dynamics [1]. (centrodinoferrari.com)
The maintenance of nucleus pulposus (NP) cell and intervertebral disc integrity benefits largely from well-controlled mitochondrial quality, surveilled by mitochondrial dynamics (fission and fusion) and mitophagy, but the outcome is cellular context-dependent that remain to be clarified. (bvsalud.org)
Superfamily1
The dynamin superfamily: universal membrane tubulation and fission molecules? (wikipedia.org)
Mutations2
Mutations in Dynamin II have been found to cause dominant intermediate Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease. (wikipedia.org)
Epileptic encephalopathy-causing de novo mutations in dynamin have been suggested to cause dysfunction of vesicle scission during synaptic vesicle endocytosis. (wikipedia.org)
Endocytosis2
Small molecule inhibitors of dynamin activity have been developed, including Dynasore and photoswitchable derivatives (Dynazo) for spatiotemporal control of endocytosis with light (photopharmacology). (wikipedia.org)
In contrast, constriction of the vesicle opening continues when endocytosis is blocked by inhibiting the function of dynamin. (rupress.org)
Constriction1
Constriction may be in part the result of the twisting activity of dynamin, which makes dynamin the only molecular motor known to have a twisting activity. (wikipedia.org)
Fusion7
Without dynamin, yeast vacuoles have both fission and fusion failures. (rupress.org)
The Swiss group finds that yeast cells lacking the dynamin homologue Vps1p resemble both fission and fusion mutants. (rupress.org)
As vps1 mutants were deficient in vacuole fusion, dynamin must also somehow promote fusion, perhaps by organizing cooperative t-SNARE complexes. (rupress.org)
Members of the dynamin family are principally involved in the scission of newly formed vesicles from the membrane of one cellular compartment and their targeting to, and fusion with, another compartment, both at the cell surface (particularly caveolae internalization) as well as at the Golgi apparatus. (wikipedia.org)
Besides OXPHOS, mitochondrial dysfunction is also present in the examination of mitochondrial morphology, the balance of mitochondrial network formation, and fission and fusion. (frontiersin.org)
These data demonstrate that restoring the balance between fission and fusion may be a viable therapeutic approach. (frontiersin.org)
This article will describe an overview of the molecular mechanisms that govern mitochondrial fission and fusion in mammals. (cam.ac.uk)
Coated vesicle1
Dynamin has been extensively studied in the context of clathrin-coated vesicle budding from the cell membrane. (wikipedia.org)
Peroxisomal2
Here we probe these fundamental questions using peroxisomal compartmentalization of the last steps of lysine and histidine biosynthesis in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces japonicus . (biorxiv.org)
The fission yeast clade has lost the peroxisomal FA β-oxidation system. (biorxiv.org)
Stimuli1
Fission can be an integral event occurring before the induction of apoptosis and requires cleavage from the organelle in response to different stimuli, including cell tension. (bioskinrevive.com)
Mitochondrial morphology1
MSC co-culture with skin fibroblasts from mitochondrial disease patients rescued aberrant mitochondrial morphology from a fission state to a more fused appearance indicating an effect of MSC co-culture on host cell mitochondrial network formation. (frontiersin.org)
Dnm11
Conformational changes in Dnm1 support a contractile mechanism for mitochondrial fission. (nih.gov)
Yeast1
The fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces japonicus provides an attractive stripped-down model for metabolic compartmentalization in peroxisomes. (biorxiv.org)
Organelles1
Dynamin family members also play a role in many processes including division of organelles, cytokinesis and microbial pathogen resistance. (wikipedia.org)
Enzyme1
Dynamin itself is a 96 kDa enzyme, and was first isolated when researchers were attempting to isolate new microtubule-based motors from the bovine brain. (wikipedia.org)
Demonstrate1
these results demonstrate the program of piceatannol to improve CDDP awareness in OVCA, and it works on p53, XIAP, and mitochondrial fission. (bioskinrevive.com)
Family2
The dynamins: redundant or distinct functions for an expanding family of related GTPases? (wikipedia.org)
These dynamic transitions are mainly ensured by large GTPases belonging to the Dynamin family. (cam.ac.uk)
Support1
How NSF is regulated to support or limit fission remains to be addressed. (rupress.org)
Show1
We show that TgDrpC is found adjacent to the mitochondrion, and is localised both at its periphery and at its basal part, where fission is expected to occur. (worktribe.com)