• Ion channels are membrane protein complexes that translocate ions across cell or organelle membranes, underlying a broad range of the most basic physiological processes from nerve and muscle excitability, to membrane potential setting, pH/cell volume regulation, secretion and absorption. (mdanderson.org)
  • Mice and humans share many basic physiological functions, and mice are a well-established model for human physiology and metabolism. (scitechdaily.com)
  • To optimize existing training programs and develop new interventions, it is important to understand what processes take place in the developing brain during training. (frontiersin.org)
  • The brain processes syntactic information implicitly, in the absence of awareness, the authors concluded. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Adding to previous evidence, the new results suggest that in elite athletes with CP, the physiological processes affecting body composition are similar to those in able-bodied people of similar age. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Such protocols allow effective modulation of factors such as cognitive performance and can be used experimentally to gain an even deeper understanding of the underlying physiological processes. (ifado.de)
  • We highlight similarities between metacognitive and executive control functions, and ask how these processes might be implemented in the human brain. (virginia.edu)
  • A review of brain imaging studies reveals a circuitry of attentional networks involved in these control processes, with its source located in midfrontal areas. (virginia.edu)
  • Charles Connor, who studies how the brain processes visual information but who didn't participate in the new study, called the results striking. (cognitivelabs.com)
  • The data is also very noisy, meaning that a lot of the signals from the data are not related to brain disorders researchers are interested in but rather caused by artifacts, physiological effects, or other confounding factors such as subjects' age and gender differences. (emory.edu)
  • It contributes to understand sleep in children employing measurements from physiological signals. (urosario.edu.co)
  • OBJECTIVE: Sex differences in emotions have been widely perceived via self-reports, peripheral physiological signals and brain imaging techniques. (bvsalud.org)
  • The part of the brain the researchers studied draws heavily on memory as well as signals from what the eye sees, so the result may illustrate how memory is represented in the brain and how it relates to visual signals, he said. (cognitivelabs.com)
  • Border ownership signals that model physiological observations arise through finite range, intraareal interactions. (zotero.org)
  • From 15 to 18 months (which I label Phase 2) there are few reports of newly appearing gender/sex behavioral differences, and I hypothesize that this absence reflects a period of developmental instability during which there is a transition from gender/sex as primarily inter-subjective to gender/sex as primarily subjective. (frontiersin.org)
  • The brain has sophisticated mechanisms for predicting which behaviors will bring us pleasure and pain, for updating predictions that prove incorrect and for learning how rewarding different behaviors actually are," said lead author Anna Konova, a psychiatry professor who leads a research lab at the Rutgers University Behavioral Health Care and Brain Health Institutes. (medicalwritersnewshubb.com)
  • Data from other preclinical studies suggests that the increased brain CRH activity may underlie the behavioral and physiological characteristics of fearful endophenotype. (virginia.edu)
  • Understanding the anatomical, physiological, behavioral, and computational bases for the development and expression of multisensory integration. (wakehealth.edu)
  • We are investigating this question at physiological and behavioral levels. (wakehealth.edu)
  • Physiological and behavioral studies have revealed that SC multisensory integration depends on the functional integrity of converging projections that descend from different regions of association cortex. (wakehealth.edu)
  • The genetic distinctions add some excitement to our main findings because they will enable powerful new optogenetic and chemogenetic strategies for probing behavioral and perceptual functions of these TRN sub-circuits. (technologynetworks.com)
  • This theory holds that, for all of its advantages, being highly intelligent is associated with psychological and physiological "over excitabilities," or OEs. (arnoldit.com)
  • Psychological OEs include a heighted tendency to ruminate and worry, whereas physiological OEs arise from the body's response to stress. (arnoldit.com)
  • According to the hyper brain/hyper body theory, these two types of OEs are more common in highly intelligent people and interact with each other in a "vicious cycle" to cause both psychological and physiological dysfunction. (arnoldit.com)
  • Psychological sex differences are thought by some to reflect the interaction of genes , hormones , and social learning on brain development throughout the lifespan. (wikipedia.org)
  • Despite the oft-heard longing for consensus, unity, and peace, the universal rift between conservatives and liberals endures because people have diverse psychological, physiological, and genetic traits. (goodreads.com)
  • There were no differences in the rates of psychological recovery, resumption of menses, or rehospitalization. (stanfordchildrens.org)
  • Functional MRI (fMRI) show changes in the neural activity level of different gray matter areas of the brain. (emory.edu)
  • In a typical fMRI, for example, a single brain image contains hundreds of thousands of voxels, the 3-D equivalent of a pixel. (emory.edu)
  • After six weeks, the researchers intentionally freaked out all the mice by dunking them in cold water, then looked at their brains with an fMRI machine. (outsideonline.com)
  • Interindividual differences in work-related factors can be attributed to variations in brain structure, function and metabolism as well as genetic factors. (ifado.de)
  • It has long been known that genetic differences can produce differences in how individuals metabolize certain chemicals," Steele said. (91outcomes.com)
  • Steele cautioned that these findings can only be considered preliminary, since the study is the first to report this genetic association and included a relatively small number of veterans. (91outcomes.com)
  • She noted that the gene-exposure interaction identified by the study is consistent with previous suggestions that genetic differences in BChE and other protective enzymes are important for understanding the long term health effects of chemicals encountered by military personnel during Gulf War deployment. (91outcomes.com)
  • The nervous system was an area of primary research where complications in brain function were noted which brough differences in response to stress, cognition, learning and memory. (ivoryresearch.com)
  • [8] This domain is one of the few where clear sex differences in cognition appear. (wikipedia.org)
  • Hormonal and pharmacological mechanisms that may underlie sex differences in the effects of cannabis and cannabinoids are highlighted. (nature.com)
  • Recent technological advances enable us to investigate whether similar mechanisms underlie aging and neurodegeneration, by quantifying the similarities and differences in their genome-wide gene expression profiles. (lisanwanglab.org)
  • Preliminary findings suggest more interactions inside the brain network for children group compared to adults group. (urosario.edu.co)
  • Preliminary findings of a recently completed but unpublished UO study involving a small group of U.S. students are showing nearly identical results, Posner said. (eurekalert.org)
  • Experience-dependent neural plasticity is high in the developing brain, presenting a unique window of opportunity for training. (frontiersin.org)
  • Summarizing neuroscience-based understanding of experience-dependent neural plasticity, Kleim and Jones (2008) highlight that while lack of use of brain functions can lead to degradation, training of a specific function can lead to enhancement of the specific function. (frontiersin.org)
  • These results hold significance for future further and in-depth physiological investigations of the differences between different stimuli on swallowing neural network. (uni-muenchen.de)
  • Neural activity in the subgenual prefrontal cortex, a brain region active during rumination - repetitive thought focused on negative emotions - decreased among participants who walked in nature versus those who walked in an urban environment. (timberry.com)
  • However, how sex differences are reflected in the EEG neural patterns of emotions remains unresolved. (bvsalud.org)
  • We are currently developing and testing a neural network model that seeks to explain a multitude of empirical findings within a single framework. (wakehealth.edu)
  • Both structural and functional MRI methods can provide valuable insights into the underlying mechanisms of experience-dependent plasticity in adults as well as children, due to their non-invasive nature and sensitivity to brain tissue contrasts. (frontiersin.org)
  • In addition, the project group uses various brain stimulation techniques to gain insights into the basic mechanisms of said factors and to modulate them. (ifado.de)
  • CONCLUSIONS: This study establishes a quantitative scale for measuring premature aging in neurodegenerative disease cohorts, and it identifies specific physiological mechanisms common to aging and some forms of neurodegeneration. (lisanwanglab.org)
  • This paper explores the underlying mechanisms of this finding. (virginia.edu)
  • Conclusions Our findings inform the utility of family history data as a risk assessment and screening tool for the prevention of ODHBs and to provide additional insights into shared risk factors and pathogenic mechanisms. (cdc.gov)
  • During and after training, the IBMT group showed significantly better physiological reactions in heart rate, respiratory amplitude and rate, and skin conductance response (SCR) than the relaxation control. (virginia.edu)
  • Differences in heart rate variability (HRV) and EEG power suggested greater involvement of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) in the IBMT group during and after training. (virginia.edu)
  • These results indicate that after 5 days of training, the IBMT group shows better regulation of the ANS by a ventral midfrontal brain system than does the relaxation group. (virginia.edu)
  • The new findings, he said, point to how IBMT alters blood flow and electrical activity in the brain, breathing quality and even skin conductance, allowing for "a state of ah, much like in the morning opening your eyes, looking outside the grass and sunshine, you feel relaxed, calm and refresh without any stress, this is the meditation state. (eurekalert.org)
  • While both groups experienced some benefit from the training, those in IBMT showed dramatic differences based on brain-imaging and physiological testing. (eurekalert.org)
  • Brain state may serve as a predictor of performance in a variety of perceptual, memory, and problem solving tasks. (virginia.edu)
  • Neuronal and perceptual differences both vanished if backgrounds were biased toward darks. (zotero.org)
  • The model serves as a framework to link physiological with perceptual data gathered in psychophysical experiments. (zotero.org)
  • This review synthesizes findings from preclinical (animal) and clinical (human) sex difference studies guided by epidemiological findings that underscore two significant public health issues arising from changing legislation regarding cannabis for medical and recreational use: therapeutic potential and abuse liability. (nature.com)
  • These findings illustrate the utility of using facial behavior to verify the presence of emotion, are consistent with the notion of emotion-specific physiological patterning, and underscore the importance of anterior cerebral asymmetries for emotions associated with approach and withdrawal. (virginia.edu)
  • Based on empirical findings we suggest that the top-down feedback pathways subserve a context-dependent gain control mechanism. (zotero.org)
  • The project group addresses the question of the extent to which interindividual differences in work-relevant factors (e.g. cognitive performance or personality structure) are associated with interindividual differences in the structural, functional and metabolic constitution of the brain. (ifado.de)
  • Together, these findings of structural differences, particularly within insular and cingulate components of the salience network, suggest a link between dysregulated physiological reactions arising from compromised central autonomic control (and interoceptive representation) and increased vulnerability to psychiatric symptoms in PoTS patients. (cardiff.ac.uk)
  • [2] A review from 2006 and a meta-analysis from 2014 found that some evidence from brain morphology and function studies indicates that male and female brains cannot always be assumed to be identical from either a structural or functional perspective, and some brain structures are sexually dimorphic . (wikipedia.org)
  • [6] Until recent decades, scientists knew of several structural sexual dimorphisms of the brain, but they did not think that sex had any impact on how the human brain performs daily tasks. (wikipedia.org)
  • Structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI) shows the tissue types across the brain. (emory.edu)
  • In this paper, we detect sex differences in emotional EEG patterns, investigate the consistency of such differences in various emotion datasets across cultures, and study how sex as a factor affects the performance of EEG-based emotion recognition models. (bvsalud.org)
  • APPROACH: We thoroughly assess sex differences in emotional EEG patterns on five public datasets, including SEED, SEED-IV, SEED-V, DEAP and DREAMER, systematically examine the sex-specific EEG patterns for happy, sad, fearful, disgusted and neutral emotions, and implement deep learning models for sex-specific emotion recognition. (bvsalud.org)
  • 3) The key features for emotion recognition are mainly located at the frontal and temporal sites for females and distributed more evenly over the whole brain for males, and (4) The same-sex emotion recognition models outperform the corresponding cross-sex models. (bvsalud.org)
  • SIGNIFICANCE: These findings extend efforts to characterize sex differences in emotional brain activation, provide new physiological evidence for sex-specific emotion processing, and reinforce the message that sex differences should be carefully considered in affective research and precision medicine. (bvsalud.org)
  • The objective of this review is to provide a translational perspective on the sex-dependent effects of cannabis and cannabinoids by synthesizing findings from preclinical and clinical studies focused on sex comparisons of their therapeutic potential and abuse liability, two specific areas that are of significant public health relevance. (nature.com)
  • In fact, BMD values were higher for the athletes with CP compared to the general population, although the differences were not statistically significant. (sciencedaily.com)
  • This one found no significant difference between walking inside vs. walking outside, but noted a big advantage to walking vs. sitting. (timberry.com)
  • Furthermore, heavier drinking was associated with an even greater stress with significant alterations in brain structure and size occurring. (digitaljournal.com)
  • EDE-Q scores improved over time, independent of weight suppression, with no significant difference between atypical AN and AN. (stanfordchildrens.org)
  • There was no significant difference in weight suppression between groups for those who were psychologically improved at 12months. (stanfordchildrens.org)
  • Application of this method to brains samples from select regions in two diseases-Alzheimer's disease (AD, superior frontal gyrus), frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD, in rostral aspect of frontal cortex ∼BA10)-showed that while control cohorts exhibited no significant difference between physiological and chronological ages, FTLD and AD exhibited prematurely aged expression profiles. (lisanwanglab.org)
  • Prior to coffee consumption, among the coffee group, there was "a tendency" toward lower functional connectivity (FC) patterns in the components of most brain networks, but significant between-group differences were found only in the somatosensory and limbic networks, including the right precuneus and right insula. (medscape.com)
  • Significant spatial and spectral differences were seen between groups in all cortical components, but not in striatal component. (gitlab.io)
  • For all three nAbs, no significant differences in avidity were found between PDD and PDND cohorts. (plos.org)
  • The biggest differences between the Mensa group and the general population were seen for mood disorders and anxiety disorders. (arnoldit.com)
  • A key finding from recent research is that the prefrontal cortex - responsible for EF skills like focus, planning, and self-control - is closely linked to brain regions that are responsible for signaling emotions like fear, anger, and anxiety [11] [12] . (aspeninstitute.org)
  • The study indicates that training the brain to block out negative thoughts could improve symptoms of anxiety, depression, and PTSD. (medicaldaily.com)
  • This speeds up overall brain function, but because of the new neurons' excitability, it should also make the brain more susceptible to anxiety. (outsideonline.com)
  • The discovery, published in May in The Journal of Neuroscience , marked a breakthrough in understanding how exercise helps the brain regulate anxiety. (outsideonline.com)
  • Participants in the study -- native-English speaking people, ages 18-30 -- had their brain activity recorded using electroencephalography, from which researchers focused on a signal known as the Event-Related Potential (ERP). (sciencedaily.com)
  • But, even when the participants did not notice these errors, their brains responded to them, generating an early negative ERP response. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Before and after, the researchers measured heart and respiration rates, performed brain scans and had participants fill out questionnaires. (timberry.com)
  • Researchers recorded participants' brain activity and hormone levels before, during, and after motorcycling, driving a car, and resting. (newswise.com)
  • The differences in participants' neurological and physiological responses between riding and other measured activities were quite pronounced," continued Dr. Vaughn. (newswise.com)
  • The research team monitored participants' electrical brain activity and heart rate, as well as levels of adrenaline, noradrenaline, and cortisol. (newswise.com)
  • Nor do they mean that a given brain cell will react to only one person or object, he said, because the study participants were tested with only a relatively limited number of pictures. (cognitivelabs.com)
  • The right timing seems to be important to the body's energy balance and to improving the health benefits of exercise, but more studies are needed to draw any reliable conclusions about the relevance of our findings to humans," says Professor Zierath. (scitechdaily.com)
  • PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We have developed a computational method for assessing an individual's "physiological brain age" by comparing global mRNA expression datasets across a range of normal human brain samples. (lisanwanglab.org)
  • Species with the highest values of brain volume quotient (BVQ) were S. venaticus, Cu. alpinus and L. pictus with, respectively, 141.35, 139.01 and 131.61, possibly due to the same adaptations that resulted in their bigger BFQ. (researchgate.net)
  • Use of tissue disposition data from rats and dogs to determine species differences in input parameters for a physiological model for perchloroethylene. (cdc.gov)
  • Here we studied the role of central amygdala (CeA), ventral medial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC), and orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), brain regions implicated in incubation of cocaine and heroin craving, in incubation of methamphetamine craving. (nature.com)
  • Based on previous findings with heroin and cocaine, in the present study we assessed the roles of central and basolateral amygdala (CeA and BLA, respectively), ventral and dorsal medial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC and dmPFC, respectively), and orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) in incubation of methamphetamine craving. (nature.com)
  • In times of acute stress, our rational brain circuits (centered in the prefrontal cortex) rapidly shut down and our more primitive ones (based in the amygdala and basal ganglia) take over. (nationalgeographic.com)
  • Last year a brain-imaging study reported that when people make judgments based on situational factors, they show more activity in their dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) than when they make judgments based on personality traits. (nationalgeographic.com)
  • Area C will address the role of TSPO for neurodegeneration within the peripheral nervous system, the retina and the brain using newly established animal models and PET imaging. (uni-regensburg.de)
  • Ying Guo and her colleagues in the Center for Biomedical Imaging Statistics collaborate with researchers, many from the school of medicine, who are trying to understand the underlying brain anomalies of mental disorders. (emory.edu)
  • Guo and her colleagues devise statistical models to analyze brain scans that can filter out these unrelated effects to reveal what anomalies are actually associated with the condition being studied. (emory.edu)
  • What the study does suggest, Fried and colleagues say in Thursday's issue of the journal Nature, is that the brain appears to use relatively few cells to record something it sees. (cognitivelabs.com)
  • It is widely accepted that various physiological systems are impaired in individuals with CP as the result of brain damage at a young age and widespread neuromuscular dysfunction," according to the authors. (sciencedaily.com)
  • These biological differences influence much of what makes people who they are, including their orientations to politics. (goodreads.com)
  • Area A will delineate the diagnostic potential of TSPO imaging by means of positron emission tomography (PET) in brain tumors in vivo and will enable the complementary characterization of brain tissue in vitro to delineate the neurobiological characteristics underlying TSPO PET labeling in the human brain. (uni-regensburg.de)
  • The neuroscience of sex differences is the study of characteristics that separate the male and female brains. (wikipedia.org)
  • BACKGROUND: Asymmetric patterns of frontal brain activity and brain corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) systems have both been separately implicated in the processing of normal and abnormal emotional responses. (virginia.edu)
  • While scientists have long-studied the relationship of brain and hormone responses to attention and stress, doing so in real-life conditions such as these is rare," explained UCLA Professor and senior team member, Dr. Mark Cohen. (newswise.com)
  • To be presented later this year, the Harley-Davidson funded study, entitled "The mental and physical effects of riding a motorcycle" measured the biological and physiological responses of more than 50 experienced motorcyclists, using mobile EEG technology. (newswise.com)
  • Exercise triggers the creation of highly excitable neurons in the hippocampus, the region of the brain associated with memory, learning, and emotional responses. (outsideonline.com)
  • Our results suggest that the cortical OFF pathway is faster than the ON pathway at increasing and suppressing visual responses, and these differences have parallels in the human visual perception of lights and darks. (zotero.org)
  • There is a brain mechanism recognizing it and reacting to it, processing it unconsciously so you understand it properly. (sciencedaily.com)
  • In essence, exercise creates new, faster neurons, but it also reinforces the physiological mechanism that prevents those uppity brain cells from firing during times of stress. (outsideonline.com)
  • Understanding the mechanism by which the brain’s hundred billion neurons and hundred trillion synapses manage to produce such a range of cortical configurations in a flexible manner remains a fundamental problem in neuroscience. (zotero.org)
  • Exercise your brain, but first, create a cognitive baseline so you can track your cognitive performance. (cognitivelabs.com)
  • It may be time to reconsider some teaching strategies, especially how adults are taught a second language, said Neville, a member of the UO's Institute of Neuroscience and director of the UO's Brain Development Lab. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Although the study of brain states is an old one in neuroscience, there has been growing interest in brain state specification owing to MRI studies tracing brain connectivity at rest. (virginia.edu)
  • Current sleep study evidence suggests that even before first tooth contact a series of physiological events occur which include activation of the autonomic cardiac system at minus 4 minutes, brain activity at minus four seconds, a rise in jaw opener muscle tone with 2 big breaths, and an increase in heart rate at minus one second. (medscape.com)
  • These findings indicate the possibility of using a simple, low-cost, and non-invasive method to estimate the degree of autonomic impairment in humans and to define functional profiles. (bvsalud.org)
  • It is possible to evaluate phenomena like emotionality, sex drive, and stress using physiological approaches. (tutorialspoint.com)
  • In conclusion, physiological approaches are helpful for both testing adaptation-related hypotheses and determining the underlying causes of adaptations. (tutorialspoint.com)
  • Experts have long hypothesized that cocaine and other addictive substances can influence "reward prediction errors," a computation the brain performs to guide learning about what is valuable in one's environment. (medicalwritersnewshubb.com)
  • The substances were thought to increase reward prediction errors by interfering with the neurotransmitter dopamine's activity, but concrete evidence for alterations in this critical brain function in people with chronic cocaine addiction has eluded researchers. (medicalwritersnewshubb.com)
  • Such findings strongly implicate the physiological effects of chronic cocaine use on the observed differences in brain function, but the researchers note that a snapshot of brain function at a single point in time cannot prove causation. (medicalwritersnewshubb.com)
  • Only a study measuring brain structure and function over time, starting before the onset of cocaine use, would be able to test hypotheses about cause and effect. (medicalwritersnewshubb.com)
  • The main goal of this study is to test and explore the possible correlation between bite force and brain volume in canids. (researchgate.net)
  • In the present study, we used magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with voxel-based morphometry (VBM) applying the diffeomorphic anatomical registration through exponentiated lie algebra (DARTEL) procedure to examine variation in regional brain structure associated with PoTS. (cardiff.ac.uk)
  • [1] A subsequent study contradicted these conclusions, finding that sex differences in total brain volume are not accounted for by sex differences in height and weight, and that once global brain size is taken into account, there remain numerous regional sex differences in both directions. (wikipedia.org)
  • The brain reacts differently to each, and the study found advantages for walking in nature. (timberry.com)
  • The study drew upon biomedical data, brain magnetic resonance imaging scans, and questionnaires completed by people. (digitaljournal.com)
  • What this means for the population at large is for people at age 50 who drank a pint of beer or 6-ounce glass of wine (two alcohol units) a day were found to have brains that are two years older than those who only drank a half of a beer (one unit), according to the study. (digitaljournal.com)
  • Course and outcome in individuals with atypical anorexia nervosa: Findings from the Study of Refeeding to Optimize iNpatient Gains (StRONG). (stanfordchildrens.org)
  • Although this basic science study does not have any immediate implications for public health or treatment, researchers can build on these findings to explore new treatments and prevention strategies. (medicalwritersnewshubb.com)
  • METHODS: In this study we assessed cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) CRH concentrations in monkeys with extreme left and extreme right frontal brain electrical activity. (virginia.edu)
  • Now a surprising study suggests that individual brain cells can do the same thing. (cognitivelabs.com)
  • The study "was not intended to measure the beneficial vs deleterious effect of caffeine in the brain, where there are several conflicting results," said Sousa. (medscape.com)
  • A review conducted showed the major effects on physiological systems in humans. (ivoryresearch.com)
  • The core finding they explore is that we (humans) are predisposed, neurobiologically, to view the world in certain ways, and that colors our political leanings in a way that is far more hardwired than standard cultural explanations would have us believe. (goodreads.com)
  • We investigated the effect of task differences on the ability of three models of saliency to predict the performance of humans viewing a novel database of 800 natural images. (zotero.org)
  • Traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains a major health problem with serious socio-economic consequences. (medscape.com)
  • A research letter by Marin et al reported that the rate of trips to US emergency departments resulting from traumatic brain injury increased 29.1% between 2006 and 2010. (medscape.com)
  • PTSD and mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) appear to be risk factors for suicidal behavior (6). (cdc.gov)
  • In this experiment, we combined the measurement of observable facial behavior with simultaneous measures of brain electrical activity to assess patterns of hemispheric activation in different regions during the experience of happiness and disgust. (virginia.edu)
  • Demonstrating how this technique can be used to reveal functionally defined circuits across the brain, we identify two populations of neurons with correlated activity patterns. (zotero.org)
  • A large repertoire of spatiotemporal activity patterns in the brain is the basis for adaptive behaviour. (zotero.org)
  • To this end, the functional connectivity of the brain is being investigated for learning-related dynamics using 7T MRI imaging. (ifado.de)
  • Results: Results show that differences were mainly established for nodes inside the brain network connectivity. (urosario.edu.co)
  • The results seem to show integration -- a connectivity of brain and body. (eurekalert.org)
  • Rather, he noted, the investigators' motivation was to investigate the impact of regular coffee intake on brain connectivity, sometimes described as the "signature" of regular coffee drinking. (medscape.com)
  • The ways in which the taxonomic differences in morphology, behavior or life history relate to each other have been used regularly to test ideas about the selective forces involved in their evolution. (researchgate.net)
  • To this end, the findings from statistical investigations can be used to develop individualised brain stimulation protocols. (ifado.de)
  • Given the widespread use of cannabis for both medical and recreational purposes, and the emerging trend of more women using cannabis and cannabis-derived products, identifying potential sex differences in the therapeutic effects and risks associated with cannabis use is a public health imperative. (nature.com)
  • The brain is an amazingly complex organ and it's fascinating to rigorously investigate the physical and mental effects riders report. (newswise.com)
  • The most prominent GWI risk factors identified by studies of Gulf War veterans include taking PB and exposure to certain pesticides that can exert toxic effects on the brain and nervous system. (91outcomes.com)
  • Since 2016, the Menopausal Vasomotor Symptoms and Brain Aging in Women (MsBRAIN) trial has studied menopause's effects on short- and long-term brain health. (medlineplus.gov)
  • The association to cardiovascular disease was also indicated through findings verified from studies with common symptoms such as increased heart rate and blood pressure. (ivoryresearch.com)
  • What if a brain scan could detect the presence of a mental disorder even before symptoms have emerged? (emory.edu)
  • Our findings suggest that reaching moderate-intensity PA levels during midlife may be protective against depressive symptoms. (lww.com)
  • Then in 2008, the NIH-funded Menopause Strategies: Finding Lasting Answers for Symptoms and Health (MsFLASH) trials discovered that some antidepressants could reduce hot flashes (a common symptom of menopause). (medlineplus.gov)
  • A 2021 meta-synthesis of existing literature found that sex accounted for 1% of the brain's structure or laterality, finding large group-level differences only in total brain volume. (wikipedia.org)
  • In particular, the BMD findings in Paralympic athletes suggest increased density of cortical bone--the thick outer layer of bone, which responds to weight-bearing exercise. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Using this tag, we prepared mild detergent lysates from transgenic mouse brain cortical membrane preparations and isolated a number of previously identified APP-interacting proteins. (jneurosci.org)
  • Training is also associated with normal fat mass, although the difference in FFSTM suggests a "ceiling" in how well the affected muscles can adapt to exercise. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Research suggests that chronic exposure to poverty-related stressors can change the basic architecture of the brain, particularly the areas responsible for learning, memory, planning, and self-control [14] . (aspeninstitute.org)
  • Recent evidence suggests that multisensory integration at the physiological level involves both linear and nonlinear computations. (wakehealth.edu)
  • The results found by the researches support the notion that gender differences in spatial abilities arose during human evolution such that both sexes cognitively and neurologically developed to behave adaptively. (wikipedia.org)
  • We review recent theoretical and empirical results supporting the notion that the brain is naturally poised near criticality, as well as its implications for better understanding of the brain. (zotero.org)
  • Previous studies in rhesus monkeys demonstrated that individuals with extreme right frontal asymmetric brain electrical activity have high levels of trait-like fearful behavior and increased plasma cortisol concentrations. (virginia.edu)
  • CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that, in primates, the fearful endophenotype is characterized by increased fearful behavior, a specific pattern of frontal electrical activity, increased pituitary-adrenal activity, and increased activity of brain CRH systems. (virginia.edu)
  • Despite the substantial literature describing the impact of multisensory integration in multiple brain areas, and the importance of this process for perception and behavior, a fundamental question has been largely ignored: does the fusion of information from different sensory source yield a product that is different from the fusion of information from the same sensory source? (wakehealth.edu)
  • Brain and Behavior. (lu.se)
  • Here we use light-sheet microscopy to record activity, reported through the genetically encoded calcium indicator GCaMP5G, from the entire volume of the brain of the larval zebrafish in vivo at 0.8 Hz, capturing more than 80% of all neurons at single-cell resolution. (zotero.org)
  • The research findings Dr. Vaughn and his team identified helps explain what our riders have felt for the past 116 years - there's a vitality and heightened sensory experience that comes from the freedom of riding a motorcycle. (newswise.com)
  • The thalamus is a "Grand Central Station" for sensory information coming to our brains. (technologynetworks.com)
  • Such dramatic examples aside, brain plasticity underlies everyday learning ( Johnston, 2009 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • The "really dramatic finding," he said, is that a single brain cell can respond so consistently to completely different pictures of a given person. (cognitivelabs.com)
  • This dynamic pattern of white matter change involving the anterior cingulate cortex, a part of the brain network related to self-regulation, could provide a means for intervention to improve or prevent mental disorders. (virginia.edu)
  • Our aim was to investigate the possible differences in the resting state of rat brain under five different anesthetics. (gitlab.io)
  • To investigate potential differences in the crow virulence of different WNV strains, American Crows were inoculated with Old World strains of WNV from Kenya and Australia (Kunjin) and a North American (NY99) WNV genotype. (cdc.gov)
  • Most importantly, these core differences in attitude have a basis in neurobiological differences that are both genetically and environmentally influenced. (goodreads.com)
  • Specifically, our findings suggest that interventions that aim to boost the impact of the outcomes of one's decisions (the perception of received rewards) may be a valuable strategy to normalize prediction error signaling and learning from experience in addiction. (medicalwritersnewshubb.com)
  • The findings suggest iodine sufficiency at the national level, however southern region still has a goitre prevalence of mild degree severity and the proportion of households consuming adequately iodized salt is still below recommendations. (who.int)
  • The exact localizations of tissue samples will be assigned to PET and MRI data, which enables a precise spatial correlation of PET information with histopathological findings and pathway analysis (project A2/A3). (uni-regensburg.de)
  • Researchers at the University of Toronto say that differences between men and women on some tasks that require spatial skills are largely eliminated after both groups play a video game for only a few hours. (wikipedia.org)
  • The gender difference in spatial ability was found to be attributed to morphological differences between male and female brains. (wikipedia.org)
  • The parietal lobe is a part of the brain that is recognized to be involved in spatial ability, especially in 2d- and 3d mental rotation. (wikipedia.org)
  • However, the effect of socialization and environment on the difference in spatial ability is still open for debate. (wikipedia.org)
  • The findings provide further evidence that high levels of exercise from a young age may be beneficial to individuals with CP," the researchers write. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Findings were mixed for some outcomes and there was limited evidence of model fit for others. (cdc.gov)
  • TSPO is overexpressed in primary brain tumors and has been shown to correlate with the malignancy of the tumor cells. (uni-regensburg.de)
  • The findings within area C can ultimately be translated to neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders. (uni-regensburg.de)
  • BACKGROUND: Human brain aging has received special attention in part because of the elevated risks of neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease in seniors. (lisanwanglab.org)
  • But with brain imaging, the raw data is hard to interpret directly, so we need to use statistical tools to help extract relevant information and translate it into results that can be visualized and interpreted. (emory.edu)
  • Scientists analyzed data from more than 36,000 adults that found a link between drinking and reduced brain volume that begins at an average consumption level of less than one alcohol unit a day (which represents just half a beer). (digitaljournal.com)
  • When data aggregated across positive films were compared to aggregate negative film data, no reliable differences in brain activity were found. (virginia.edu)
  • The authors confirm that all data underlying the findings are fully available without restriction. (plos.org)
  • This is based on research that finds the more alcohol that is consumed then the bigger the impact is upon the brain. (digitaljournal.com)
  • In this review, we summarize recent research on three relatively well-described brain states: the resting, alert, and meditation states. (virginia.edu)
  • Until recently, the technology to rigorously measure the impact of activities like motorcycling on the brain didn't exist," said Dr. Don Vaughn, the neuroscientist who led the research team. (newswise.com)
  • This simple finding of a social gradient in health has been the stimulus for a research programme on the social determinants of health, and this has been the major focus of my research group at University College London for more than two and a half decades. (balzan.org)
  • Our research goal is to determine how information from different senses is pooled in making decisions, and how the brain develops this remarkable capacity. (wakehealth.edu)
  • This document was last updated in 1986, and in recent years, including during the Deepwater Horizon oil spill response of 2010, questions were raised regarding the need for revision to reflect recent research and findings. (cdc.gov)
  • The difference is that research has a greater chance of success in finding what they are looking for than King Arthur's knights did. (lu.se)
  • The new findings in highly trained young adults with CP help in understanding how bone and other physiological systems adapt to exercise training. (sciencedaily.com)
  • A time series of normal heartbeats were collected in healthy newborns, healthy children, healthy young adults, healthy middle-aged adults, elderly individuals living in nursing homes, individuals with advanced chronic kidney disease, and individuals with declared brain death or in a state of imminent death. (bvsalud.org)
  • For that, we calculated the bite force based on the beam theory, and the brain volume based on three cranial measurements. (researchgate.net)
  • brain volume based on three cranial measurements. (researchgate.net)
  • [5] As the 19th century progressed, scientists began researching sexual dimorphisms in the brain significantly more. (wikipedia.org)
  • These findings demonstrate important relations among extreme asymmetric frontal electrical activity, cortisol levels, and trait-like fear-related behaviors in young rhesus monkeys. (virginia.edu)
  • In addition, dynamic activity in several cerebellar and subcortical areas of the brain was increased among CDs, consistent with an improved ability to focus. (medscape.com)
  • Consistent with the neuronal differences, human observers were 6–14 ms faster at detecting darks than lights and better at discriminating dark than light flickers. (zotero.org)
  • The reticular formation, a very complicated and poorly defined collection of nerve cells in the brain stem, continuously maintains the activity of the rest of the brain and is considered responsible for maintaining consciousness. (medscape.com)
  • Findings highlight limitations in our understanding of weight recovery in atypical AN. (stanfordchildrens.org)
  • Thus, understanding brain states is critical for understanding human performance. (virginia.edu)
  • Through molecular, animal, and neuroimaging studies, a great deal of information regarding the differences between male and female brains and how much they differ in regards to both structure and function has been uncovered. (wikipedia.org)
  • 2010]. Additional studies have examined sex-related differences regarding sweat-induced electrolyte loss and whole-body sweat response, as well as how pregnancy affects heat stress tolerance [Meyer et al. (cdc.gov)
  • The brain, surrounded by its 3 membranes (also known as meninges), is encased in the skull. (medscape.com)
  • Additionally, for interactions between brain and heart networks, it was brought to light that children physiology sends more information from heart to brain nodes compared to the adults group. (urosario.edu.co)