• They also inhibit the activity of pancreatic lipase, decrease the growth of white adipocytes, a factor which contributes to obesity, and stimulate the production of LXR-β nuclear receptor and ABCA1 protein. (wikipedia.org)
  • These findings suggest a possibility of the holothurins and other sea cucumber saponins being used in the development of anti-obesity drug. (wikipedia.org)
  • Our results indicate that cyclooxygenase-dependent induction of UCP1 expression in white adipose tissues is important for diet-induced thermogenesis providing support for a surprising role of COX activity in the control of energy balance and obesity development. (ku.dk)
  • The relevance of our findings was substantiated in human cohorts, in which SORLA levels correlated with visceral obesity (Schmidt et al. (mdc-berlin.de)
  • Understanding the regulation of the pathways that lead to proliferation and differentiation of white and brown pre-adipocytes could be crucial for revealing the underlying mechanisms of obesity. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Background: The acquisition of brown-adipocyte-properties by white-adipocytes (BRITE-adipocytes) is an appealing-prospect to combat obesity and type-2-diabetes-Mellitus (T2DM). (endocrine-abstracts.org)
  • Exceeding the capacity to store TG in adipocytes occurs in obesity and is often accompanied by deposition of TG in other tissues and metabolic diseases, such as diabetes mellitus or non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. (elifesciences.org)
  • These findings suggested that the protective effects of BMJ on diet-induced obesity may be involved in gut microbiota-SCFAs-LPS-inflammatory axis. (nih.gov)
  • The appearance of two aquaglyceroporins in individual adipose tissue is specially very important to the maintenance of regular or low glycerol items in the adipocyte, safeguarding individuals from obesity thus. (thekingsfoundation.org)
  • A Pictorial Atlas from Research to Clinical Applications Describes anatomic and morphologic aspects of adipose tissues relevant to obesity therapy Presents new results regarding adipose organ anatomy in different physiologic conditions Introduces white-to-pink transdifferentiation of adipocytes and its implications This richly illustrated book provides a detailed description of the gross anatomy, light microscopy, immunohistochemistry, and electron microscopy of the adipose organ, which comprises subcutaneous and visceral fat depots. (com.pk)
  • Findings in mice of different genetic backgrounds (obesity-prone and resistant) and maintained in standard and various physiologic and pathologic conditions are presented. (com.pk)
  • Thermogenic (beige and brown) adipocytes protect animals against obesity and metabolic disease. (mitophysiology.org)
  • In collaboration with the laboratory of Kosaku Shinoda we are exploring the relationship between metabolism, autophagy and energy balance in adipocyte lineage determination (brown, beige and white) as a potential therapeutic approach for both diabetes and obesity. (einsteinmed.edu)
  • That finding, which demonstrated a clear genetic component to obesity, motivated Kellis to begin looking at how exercise, a well-known behavioral intervention that can prevent obesity, might act on progenitor adipocytes at the cellular level. (aiupnow.com)
  • The findings presented in this thesis provide biological mechanistic insights underlying epidemiological observations and may aid in developing precision medicine for obesity and type 2 diabetes. (lu.se)
  • We generated transgenic (TG) C57BL/6 mice expressing the Ptgs2 gene encoding cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in mature adipocytes. (dtu.dk)
  • It has been suggested that adipogenesis is regulated by PPARβ/δ followed by PPARγ and C/EBPα promoting differentiation into mature adipocytes [ 12 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The sympathetic nervous system regulates this function through β-adrenergic stimulation of brown mature adipocytes' dissipation of energy in the form of heat mediated by mitochondrial uncoupling protein-1 (UCP-1) activation. (springer.com)
  • They also found that patients with the homozygous genotype developed diabetes early in adulthood and had downregulation of PPAR-gamma-dependent genes that are responsible for adipogenesis and the maintenance of adipocyte function, which "alter[s] the regulation of pathways influencing adipogenesis, insulin sensitivity, and lipid metabolism," they wrote. (medpagetoday.com)
  • Damcott and colleagues noted that the findings were somewhat unusual because a defect in an enzyme critical for lipolysis would be expected to result in excess lipid storage, but the researchers observed the opposite, "providing evidence that HSL plays a key role in maintaining adipogenesis and adipocyte function. (medpagetoday.com)
  • Adipose tissue abundance relies partly on the factors that regulate adipogenesis, i.e. proliferation and differentiation of adipocytes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We found 65 miRNAs regulated during in vitro adipogenesis in primary adipocytes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • When comparing primary adipocyte profiles, with those of cell lines reported in the literature, we found a high degree of difference in 'adipogenesis' regulated miRNAs suggesting that the model systems may not be accurately representing adipogenesis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Cyclooxygenases are known as important regulators of metabolism and immune processes via conversion of C20 fatty acids into various regulatory lipid mediators, and cyclooxygenase activity has been implicated in browning of white adipose tissues. (dtu.dk)
  • Our findings suggest a role for COX-2-derived lipid mediators from adipocytes in mediating type 2 immunity cues in subcutaneous WAT associated with decreased hepatic steatosis, but with no accompanying induction of browning and increased energy expenditure. (dtu.dk)
  • A deletion in the gene encoding hormone-sensitive lipase, a key enzyme for lipolysis, was associated with abnormalities in adipocyte function and systemic lipid and glucose homeostasis. (medpagetoday.com)
  • The findings "indicate the physiological significance of HSL in adipocyte function and the regulation of systemic lipid and glucose homeostasis, and underscore the severe metabolic consequences of impaired lipolysis," they wrote. (medpagetoday.com)
  • Most of the lipid reserves in the human body are stored in white adipose tissue (WAT) that predominates in adult humans. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Conversely, brown adipose tissue (BAT) and browning of WAT represent potential therapeutic approaches, since dysfunctional white adipocyte-induced lipid overspill can be halted by BAT/browning-mediated oxidative anti-lipotoxic effects. (springer.com)
  • There is also evidence that the deleterious effects mediated by dysfunctional white adipocyte-induced lipid overspill can be halted by the pro-oxidative anti-lipotoxic effects mediated by brown adipose tissue (BAT) activation. (springer.com)
  • In cells, such as adipocytes, TGs are stored in organelles called lipid droplets (LDs). (elifesciences.org)
  • The presence of various types of adipocytes (white, brown, and beige) characterized by the number/size of lipid droplets, mitochondrial density, and thermogenic capacity, further highlights how intricate is the communication of these cell-types with other metabolic tissues to sense nutrients. (frontiersin.org)
  • Individual cultured differentiated Proscillaridin A adipocytes demonstrated an aquaporin-7 and -10 labelling generally in the cytoplasm and in the lipid droplets with insulin reinforcing the lipid droplets staining and isoproterenol inducing its translocation towards the plasma membrane area. (thekingsfoundation.org)
  • On cut sections, the tumors are tan-white and rubbery and have admixed, soft, yellow lipid rich foci ( Arch Pathol Lab Med 1999;123:941 , Am J Surg Pathol 1995;19:748 ). (pathologyoutlines.com)
  • It is presently unknown whether peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) β/δ activation prevents inflammation in adipocytes. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • They also observed that adipocytes (indicators of inflammation) in breast tissue were larger and less healthy in the Type 2 diabetes samples compared that of non-diabetes samples. (iu.edu)
  • Using various transgenic mouse models to manipulate the macrophage mitochondrial matrix iron content in an inducible fashion, we demonstrate that lowering macrophage mitochondrial matrix iron increases numbers of M2-like macrophages in adipose tissue, lowers iron levels in adipocytes, attenuates inflammation and protects from high-fat-diet-induced metabolic deterioration. (biomed.news)
  • Conversely, elevating macrophage mitochondrial matrix iron increases M1-like macrophages and iron levels in adipocytes, exacerbates inflammation and worsens high-fat-diet-induced metabolic dysfunction. (biomed.news)
  • Recent findings have linked insulin resistance to chronic low-grade inflammation in white adipose tissue. (blogspot.com)
  • BMJ supplementation significantly reduced white adipose tissues (WAT) mass, the body weight and adipocyte size, and increased water intake in HFD-fed mice. (nih.gov)
  • AVI) pone.0054474.s002.avi (1.0M) GUID:?A9939A40-B32F-44EF-9990-5144610DE6C8 Abstract Background Glycerol outflow from adipocytes continues to be considered for ten years to become mediated by aquaporin-7, an aquaglyceroporin expressed in the adipose tissues highly. (thekingsfoundation.org)
  • To the purpose we looked into the appearance, the localization as well as the working of aquaglyceroporin-10 in subcutaneous white adipose tissues, in cultured and isolated differentiated adipocytes. (thekingsfoundation.org)
  • Technique/Primary Findings -10 and Aquaporin-7 were portrayed in the white adipose tissues both at mRNA with protein level. (thekingsfoundation.org)
  • Immunofluorescence uncovered aquaporin-7 and -10 labelling in the individual adipose tissues both towards the plasma membrane also to a slim rim of cytoplasm of adipocytes. (thekingsfoundation.org)
  • Conclusions/Significance The full total outcomes indicate that aquaporin-7, from mice differently, exists in both capillary and adipocyte plasma membranes of individual adipose tissues. (thekingsfoundation.org)
  • FGFR1 is expressed widely, however the appearance of -Klotho is bound by enrichment in dark brown Retigabine price and white adipose tissues, liver organ, pancreas, and central anxious system tissue 24, 27. (biotech2012.org)
  • Cold-induced expression of UCP1 in inguinal white adipocytes was repressed in COX2 knockout (KO) mice and by administration of the COX inhibitor indomethacin in wild-type mice. (ku.dk)
  • Compared to littermate wildtype mice, TG mice selectively reduced inguinal white adipose tissue (iWAT) mass and fat cell size, whereas the epididymal (eWAT) fat depot remained unchanged. (dtu.dk)
  • This finding, along with the fact that its expression is raised in the white adipose tissue of mice with type 2 diabetes mellitus, suggests that SIK2 might be involved in metabolic regulation in adipose tissue. (axonmedchem.com)
  • We hypothesized that mice lacking TG storage in adipocytes would result in excess TG storage in cell types other than adipocytes and severe lipotoxicity accompanied by metabolic disease. (elifesciences.org)
  • To test this hypothesis, we selectively deleted both TG-synthesis enzymes, DGAT1 and DGAT2, in adipocytes (ADGAT DKO mice). (elifesciences.org)
  • We generated mice lacking both known TG synthesis enzymes, DGAT1 and DGAT2 1 , 2 , in adipocytes. (elifesciences.org)
  • To extrapolate these findings into mammals, we generated fat-specific hedgehog-activation mutant mice. (cnrs.fr)
  • Intriguingly, these mice displayed near total loss of white, but not brown, fat compartments. (cnrs.fr)
  • Our preliminary results showed the adipocyte area of periprostatic adipose tissue is significantly greater in obese mice than in lean mice. (fapesp.br)
  • Here, we show that macrophage mitochondrial iron levels control systemic metabolism in male mice by altering adipocyte iron concentrations. (biomed.news)
  • In their experiments, the scientists used genetically engineered mice that lack the gene coding for OPN3, called Opn3 , in their adipocytes. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • When the researchers exposed mice lacking Opn3 in their adipocytes to cold temperatures of 39.2ºF (4ºC), their response to the cold was impaired. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Using STING knockout mice, the authors show global metabolic changes, including improved insulin-independent glucose management, decreased hepatic gluconeogenesis, and upregulation of genes associated with adipocyte differentiation and browning (Ucp-1, PGC1a). (preprintclub.com)
  • The authors argue this program is largely driven by white adipocytes (not brown adipocytes or myeloid cells) and found an accumulation of Omega 3 fatty acids during metabolomics profiling of STING knockout mice. (preprintclub.com)
  • Using mice with adipocyte and hepatocyte-specific Nrg4 deletion, we reveal that adipose tissue-derived NRG4, but not hepatic NRG4, is essential for beige fat induction following cold acclimation. (jci.org)
  • Mechanistically, activation of hedgehog signaling irreversibly blocked differentiation of white adipocytes through direct, coordinate modulation of early adipogenic factors. (cnrs.fr)
  • These findings highlight a critical role of NRG4 in mediating beige fat induction and preserving metabolic health under mild cold conditions. (jci.org)
  • One major laboratory project is the investigation of adipocyte progenitor cells, adipocyte programmed cell death and adipose tissue fibrosis that is induced by high fat feeding. (einsteinmed.edu)
  • In that 2015 study, the research team found that genes in this region control a pathway that prompts immature fat cells called progenitor adipocytes to either become fat-burning cells or fat-storing cells. (aiupnow.com)
  • Thus, as an alternative, we produced EXIQON microarray of brown and white primary murine adipocytes (prior to and following differentiation) to yield global profiles of miRNAs. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Here, we sought to test the requirement for TG storage in adipocytes in murine physiology at baseline and in response to high-fat feeding. (elifesciences.org)
  • We report here that selectively impairing TG storage in adipocytes leads to a unique murine model in which depletion of energy stores is not accompanied by metabolic derangements but instead results in protection from adverse metabolic effects, even with high-fat diet (HFD) feeding, due to activation of energy dissipation pathways. (elifesciences.org)
  • In adipocytes of mammals, TGs are stored in a unilocular adipocyte that fills the majority of the aqueous cytoplasm. (elifesciences.org)
  • Although TGs can also be found in LDs in other cell types (i.e., myocytes, hepatocytes, enterocytes), adipocytes represent by far the major energy depots in mammals. (elifesciences.org)
  • These findings identify a role for hedgehog signaling in white/brown adipocyte determination and link in vivo RNAi-based scanning of the Drosophila genome to regulation of adipocyte cell fate in mammals. (cnrs.fr)
  • In addition to the classic brown adipocytes, a different type of brown fat cells seems to exist in tissues where WAT predominates. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Adipocytes, the key components of the adipose tissue, have unique ability to store excess energy in the form of triglycerides, sense systemic energy demands, and secrete factors (lipids, peptides, cytokines, and adipokines) to regulate other metabolic tissues. (frontiersin.org)
  • WAT is characterised by its capacity to adapt and expand in response to surplus energy through processes of adipocyte hypertrophy and/or recruitment and proliferation of precursor cells in combination with vascular and extracellular matrix remodelling. (springer.com)
  • Findings suggest that honey attenuates oxidative stress and lymphocyte DNA damage after exercise, activities that are most likely attributable to its high antioxidant capacity. (blogspot.com)
  • We also show that MTIF3 regulates mitochondrial respiration and endogenous fatty acid oxidation in adipocytes, probably as a consequence of MTIF3 affecting mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation complex assembly. (lu.se)
  • Better understanding of the cellular and molecular pathophysiological mechanisms regulating adipocyte size, number and depot-dependent expansion has become a focus of interest over recent decades. (springer.com)
  • However, little is known about the mechanisms that commit stem cells toward different adipocyte lineages. (mitophysiology.org)
  • Histologically, the lesions exhibit a lobular growth pattern and are composed of cellular nodules with the classic appearance of SFT, patternless distribution of both oval and spindle shaped cells with uniform spindled nuclei and scant cytoplasm in a variably collagenous stroma and branched, often thick walled, hemangiopericytoma-like vessels ( Ann Diagn Pathol 2018;34:142 ) admixed with adipocyte rich lobules ( Arch Pathol Lab Med 1999;123:941 ). (pathologyoutlines.com)
  • gene in adipocytes or global deletion of gene would bring about Retigabine price dropped of FGF21-induced signaling tissue-specifically or systemically 24-26. (biotech2012.org)
  • De Sousa M, Porras DP, Perry CG, Seale P, Scimè A. (2014) p107 is a crucial regulator for determining the adipocyte lineage fate choices of stem cells. (mitophysiology.org)
  • We show here that p107 is a master regulator of adipocyte lineage fates, its suppression required for commitment of stem cells to the brown-type fate. (mitophysiology.org)
  • These findings demonstrate that p107 expression in stem cells commits cells to the white versus brown adipose lineage. (mitophysiology.org)
  • They concluded that the findings may have implications for the treatment of metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes: "Activation of HSL with consequent generation of endogenous ligands for PPAR-gamma, RXR-alpha, or both, may serve as an alternative means of reversing dyslipidemia and glucose intolerance in the metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes. (medpagetoday.com)
  • These findings may have public health implications when recommending vitamin D for the prevention of cardiometabolic disease and related conditions. (cdc.gov)
  • Conversely, insufficient TG storage such as occurs in lipodystrophy is usually associated with adipocyte endocrine deficiency and similar metabolic derangements. (elifesciences.org)
  • To explore that question, Kellis and his colleagues decided to perform single-cell RNA sequencing of three types of tissue - skeletal muscle, visceral white adipose tissue (found packed around internal organs, where it stores fat), and subcutaneous white adipose tissue (which is found under the skin and primarily burns fat). (aiupnow.com)
  • METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Here we report that cyclooxygenase (COX) activity and prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) are crucially involved in induction of UCP1 expression in inguinal white adipocytes, but not in classic interscapular brown adipocytes. (ku.dk)
  • Indomethacin repressed beta-adrenergic induction of UCP1 expression in primary inguinal adipocytes. (ku.dk)
  • The use of PGE(2) receptor antagonists implicated EP(4) as a main PGE(2) receptor, and injection of the stable PGE(2) analog (EP(3/4) agonist) 16,16 dm PGE(2) induced UCP1 expression in inguinal white adipose tissue. (ku.dk)
  • Curcumin resulted in the appearance of brown like adipocytes in between WAT in the inguinal region. (gavinpublishers.com)
  • Here we show that Nrg4 expression in inguinal white adipose tissue (iWAT) is highly responsive to chronic cold exposure. (jci.org)
  • CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Our findings provide evidence that induction of UCP1 expression in white adipose tissue, but not in classic interscapular brown adipose tissue is dependent on cyclooxygenase activity. (ku.dk)
  • CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that residing in more socially vulnerable census tracts may be associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection risk among HCP and that residential vulnerability differs by HCP role. (cdc.gov)
  • The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of NIOSH. (cdc.gov)
  • Production of FGF21 and switch of serum FGF21 material in different subtypes of diabetes FGF21 production in different organs Under normal conditions, FGF21 is definitely produced in the liver, pancreas, and white and brownish adipose cells, whereas its manifestation and synthesis in additional cells and organs are lower 28. (biotech2012.org)
  • They demonstrated that OPN3 is also present in both human and mouse fat cells, or adipocytes. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Additionally, the authors interrogate this relationship largely in adipocytes, fibroblasts, or generally cells of mesodermal origin. (preprintclub.com)
  • The majority of adipocytes are uniform, round, univacuolar cells with peripherally located, compressed nuclei. (pathologyoutlines.com)
  • Variation in adipocyte size and multivacuolated small cells with nuclear scalloping (lipoblast-like cells) may be evident focally ( Arch Pathol Lab Med 1999;123:941 ). (pathologyoutlines.com)
  • CD95 counts in the 3 types of white blood cells were significantly higher in PEM infants and showed improvement after nutritional rehabilitation yet not reaching the control values. (who.int)
  • Multiple genes have been implicated in SLE development, with a 2010 study published in Nature Reviews finding more than 30 genetic associations with the disease. (forksoverknives.com)
  • abstract = 'BACKGROUND: The uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) is a hallmark of brown adipocytes and pivotal for cold- and diet-induced thermogenesis. (ku.dk)
  • RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS AND RESULTS- First, we examined whether the PPARβ/δ agonist GW501516 prevents lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced cytokine production in differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • These findings demonstrate that -Klotho is a receptor that mediates the consequences of FGF21 indeed. (biotech2012.org)
  • Herein we discuss and summarizes recent findings that implicate ceramides as a key contributor to adipocyte dysfunction underlying metabolic diseases and how depletion of ceramides can be exploited to improve metabolic health. (frontiersin.org)
  • However, our previous-finding shave shown that the gut-derived-inflammatory-agent endotoxin can increase the inflammatory-response in white-adipose-tissue impacted by ob. (endocrine-abstracts.org)
  • A second major laboratory project is based upon our recent findings in collaboration with the laboratory of Fajun Yang that in the fed state CDK8/CycC complex directly phosphorylates the nuclear form of SREBP-1c that induces an E3 ligase mediated ubiquitination and proteasome-mediated degradation of SREBP-1c. (einsteinmed.edu)
  • corrugated adipocytes' cell membrane was evident in subgroup IIa. (gavinpublishers.com)
  • Lupus can also affect the functioning of the kidneys, nerves, and brain, as well as different blood cell types, potentially causing anemia, low platelets, and low white blood cell count. (forksoverknives.com)
  • White adipose tissue (WAT) plays a key homeostatic role, not only by ensuring efficient energy storage but also by its quick mobilisation (lipids) to ensure peripheral demands. (springer.com)
  • Primary muscle lymphoma is very rare entity without characteristic imaging findings but diagnostic imaging keeps a role. (ultrasoundmedicvn.com)