Filament assembly. Medical search. Frequent questions

I created a prototype 3D printer filament alarm that worked, but the process also brought some new problems and issues to the surface that I hadn't foreseen when I first started. (hackaday.com)

For other intermediate filament proteins, the C-terminal tail domain is important for both filament assembly and regulating interactions between filaments. (dundee.ac.uk)
Therefore we conclude zebrafish Bfsp2 alpha is a functional orthologue conforming more closely to the conventional domain structure of intermediate filament proteins. (dundee.ac.uk)
Retinal functional alterations in mice lacking intermediate filament proteins glial fibrillary acidic protein and vimentin. (lu.se)

Actin filaments are considered to be both helical and flexible. (wikipedia.org)
The interacting motifs are precisely positioned within the helical arms of the 4WJ to program assembly from only one helical stacking conformation of the 4WJ. (bgsu.edu)
Crafting a technique that has become his claim to fame, Sjors Scheres of the MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Cambridge, England, teamed up with Michel Goedert, also at MRC, to solve 3.4-Angstrom resolution structures of both straight and paired helical filaments of tau. (alzforum.org)
This pairing was a bit different in paired helical versus straight filaments, bestowing each fibril subtype with a distinct ultrastructural signature. (alzforum.org)
Stacks of symmetrically paired C-shaped protofilaments generated the tau paired helical filaments found in an Alzheimer's brain. (alzforum.org)
As assessed initially by immuno-electron microscopy, the sample contained a mixture of paired helical filaments (PHFs) and straight filaments (SFs), the former making up about 90 percent of the total, according to Scheres. (alzforum.org)
A C-shaped core defines the common protofilament of paired helical filaments (top) and straight filaments (bottom), though the two Cs are arranged differently. (alzforum.org)
The human DNA repair protein RAD51 is the crucial component of helical nucleoprotein filaments that drive homologous recombination. (crcm-marseille.fr)
Unlike conventional F-BAR proteins that assemble tip-to-tip into filaments and helical arrays around membrane tubules, the Nwk F-BAR domain instead assembles into zigzags, creating ridges and periodic scallops on membranes in vitro. (elsevierpure.com)

The three major classes of protein filaments that make up the cytoskeleton include: actin filaments, microtubules and intermediate filaments. (wikipedia.org)
Microtubules are the largest type of filament, with a diameter of 25 nm wide, in the cytoskeleton. (wikipedia.org)
Here, we show that Nwk-induced cellular protrusions contain dynamic microtubules, distinguishing them from conventional filopodia, and further do not depend on actin filaments or microtubules for their maintenance. (elsevierpure.com)
Intermediate filaments (IFs), are so called because, at 10 nanometers in diameter, they are typically intermediate in size between microfilaments and microtubules . (daviddarling.info)
It comprises three major filament systems-actin, microtubules, and intermediate filaments-along with a host of adaptors, regulators, molecular motors, and additional structural proteins. (cshlpress.com)
A conceptualization of the pathogenetic sequence beginning with 2,5-hexanedione modification of tubulin consisted of the following: tubulin crosslinking leading to microtubule assembly alteration leading to shorter and more numerous microtubules, loss of sertoli cell cytoskeletal integrity, and altered microtubule associated proteins (MAPs) leading to germ cell sloughing and necrosis followed by irreversible germ cell loss. (cdc.gov)

The extruder melts filament (a thin string of plastic) and then deposits the molten material one layer at a time to build your 3D print. (bestbuy.com)
Filament feeder is used to feed filament into the PTFE tube and then to the extruder. (3dfilaprint.com)
Motor, Thrust bearing, Hopper, and Flange assembly for a DIY Filament Extruder by Bill Dube - This simple redesign made a huge difference in how smoothly the machine runs. (appropedia.org)
In order to assist researchers explore the full potential of distributed recycling of post-consumer polymer waste, this article describes a recyclebot, which is a waste plastic extruder capable of making commercial quality 3-D printing filament. (appropedia.org)

Examples of this approach are demonstrated and compared with a single line of yarn path model and the filament assemble model that excludes the skewness property. (degruyter.com)
TectoRNAs programmed to assemble with orientational compensation produce micrometer-scale RNA filaments through supra-molecular equilibrium polymerization. (bgsu.edu)
Keratin monomers assemble into bundles to form intermediate filaments , which are tough and form strong unmineralized epidermal appendages found in reptiles , birds , amphibians , and mammals . (wikipedia.org)
Wild type (wt) mouse NF-L formed 10 nm filaments in assembly buffer containing 175 mM NaCl, whereas a mutant deleted of 18 NH 2 -terminal amino acids failed to assemble under similar conditions. (johnshopkins.edu)
Our results suggests that the known inability of nuclear lamin proteins to assemble into 10 nm filaments in vitro cannot derive solely from their longer rod domain. (johnshopkins.edu)
Dynamic monitoring of quartz crystal microbalance -dissipated showed the adsorption capacity of the deaminated MPs was reduced from 3.66 ng/cm2 to 2.03 ng/cm2, indicating that the ability to assemble myosin thick filaments was significantly weakened. (bvsalud.org)

The two filament subtypes varied at the ultrastructural level, yet shared a common C-shaped protofilament monomer made up of a series of β-sheets from the third and fourth repeat domains of tau. (alzforum.org)

We have used supported lipid bilayers and controlled orientation of FtsZ monomers in vitro to study their GTP-dependent self-assembling on surfaces with atomic force microscopy in solution, providing single molecule information of the dynamic structure of filaments and their aggregates [2-4]. (cea.fr)
As visualized by transmission electron microscopy, these RNA filaments resemble actin filaments from the protein world. (bgsu.edu)
Using total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) microscopy, we directly visualized the assembly of individual actin filaments in various sizes of PEG crowded conditions. (ucf.edu)
Tau filaments isolated from an Alzheimer's brain are the latest, high-profile exploit of cryo-electron microscopy. (alzforum.org)
Scanning electron microscopy was used to observe the morphology of the filaments and yarns. (bmj.com)

The intracellular environment where actin assembly occurs is crowded with various organelles, proteins, and macromolecules that limit the accessible volume for biomolecular reactions. (ucf.edu)
Cell tension is generated along the actin filaments by the movement of myosin II motor proteins along the filaments (see contractile bundles). (mechanobio.info)
The factors and mechanisms regulating assembly of intermediate filament (IF) proteins to produce filaments with their characteristic 10 nm diameter are not fully understood. (johnshopkins.edu)
We also demonstrate that lengthening of the NF-L rod domain, by inserting a 42 aa sequence unique to nuclear IF proteins, does not compromise filament assembly in any noticeable way. (johnshopkins.edu)
Fibrillin-1 proteins bind to each other and other proteins to form threadlike filaments called microfibrils. (medlineplus.gov)
Genetic and functional linkage between ADAMTS superfamily proteins and fibrillin-1: a novel mechanism influencing microfibril assembly and function. (medlineplus.gov)
We show that the aggregative fimbriae are compact arrangements of subunit proteins Agg5A + Agg3B which are assembled pairwise on a flexible string rather than extended in relatively straight filaments. (lu.se)
Previous work in this area has been on modeling the assembly structure of the type III secretion system and prediction of the high-resolution structures of homo-oligomeric proteins using limited experimental data from Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) in order to speed up the process of structure determination. (lu.se)
This macromolecular assembly comprises more than 20 conserved proteins that form a series of ring-like structures and a needle-shaped protrusion, which allows the transport of proteins into a host cell. (lu.se)

The model is overlaid on a transmission electron micrograph of a corresponding assembly mixture of recombinant Xenopus vimentin . (daviddarling.info)

A theoretical description of individual filaments that incorporates information from molecular dynamic simulations has identified that filament curvature, monomer twist, surface attachment and lateral interactions between monomers are enough to describe, using Monte Carlo simulations, some of the structures that we observe experimentally. (cea.fr)
There are two characteristics that define LED filament bulbs: Novel filament-like LED structures, and the use of a highly thermally conductive gas such as helium (2) to allow the glass bulb itself to serve as a heat sink. (greenbuildingadvisor.com)
Two C-shaped structures, each formed by a molecule of tau, bound together to form individual rungs along the filament. (alzforum.org)
Cells exert traction forces on the ECM and generate tension at focal adhesions through actin stress fibers , which are higher-order structures in the cytoplasm that consist of parallel contractile bundles of actin and myosin filaments. (mechanobio.info)
1,2 In particular, creating filaments out of electrospun fibres offers the possibility to build larger structures with tailored morphologies and mechanical properties. (bmj.com)
Discussions While the bundles of aligned electrospun fibres closely resemble the morphology of collagen fibrils in native tendon, the assembly of the filaments into larger structures can be used to mimic tendons fascicles. (bmj.com)
This further expands the existing design space of filament structures in the context of architecture. (springer.com)
This research proposes a continuous material approach to space frame structures, where the whole structure is made of a single continuous filament and the nodes are achieved through the wound fiber-fiber connection (Figs. 1 , 3 ). (springer.com)
Applying the logic and rules of space frames to filament materials using robotic fabrication could enable the creation of lightweight, highly customizable structures at a variety of scales. (springer.com)
Many biological processes are controlled by large multi-component protein assemblies, the size and complexity of which typically precludes the determination of their high-resolution structures. (lu.se)

I also tried switching to a new roll of filament, to be sure it hadn't gotten to much humidity. (prusa3d.com)
When pulling filament through the device by hand there was little to no resistance felt, but once it was riding a roll of filament in the printer it created much more binding and friction than expected. (hackaday.com)

Protein filaments form together to make the cytoskeleton of the cell. (wikipedia.org)
The cytoskeleton is the intracellular filament system that controls the morphology of a cell, allows it to move, and provides trafficking routes for intracellular transport. (cshlpress.com)

Macromolecular crowding has been shown to affect actin filament assembly, however, how crowder size impacts actin assembly dynamics and kinetics is not well understood. (ucf.edu)
In this thesis, we investigate how the excluded volume effects caused by crowding influences actin filament assembly kinetics by using synthetic polymeric crowder, polyethylene glycol (PEG), of various molecular weights. (ucf.edu)
Bulk fluorescence intensity was monitored to evaluate the effect of crowder size on actin assembly kinetics. (ucf.edu)
These results demonstrate that the size of macromolecular crowding agents can modulate actin filament assembly kinetics, possibly by controlling the volume fractions. (ucf.edu)
Here, we report the real-time kinetics of human RAD51 filament assembly and disassembly on individual molecules of both single- and double-stranded DNA, as measured using magnetic tweezers. (crcm-marseille.fr)
We used Förster resonance energy transfer to study effects of the tropomyosin mutations on the structure and kinetics of the cardiac troponin core domain associated with the Ca 2+ -dependent regulation of cardiac thin filaments. (nih.gov)
We found that the K15N mutation desensitizes thin filaments to Ca 2+ and slows the kinetics of structural changes in troponin induced by Ca 2+ dissociation from troponin, while the R21H mutation has almost no effect on these parameters. (nih.gov)

Tarazona,P. and Vélez, M. "Depolymerization dynamics of individual filaments of bacterial cytoskeletal protein FtsZ" PNAS 109 8133‐8138. (cea.fr)
This work provides a foundation for a mechanism of how the dynamic cytoskeletal assembly occurs in living cells. (ucf.edu)
MAP changes may impact on vesicle transport and microtubule attachment to adjacent cytoskeletal elements such as intermediate filaments. (cdc.gov)

Compared to the other parts of the cytoskeletons, the microfilaments contain the thinnest filaments, with a diameter of approximately 7 nm. (wikipedia.org)
We have also determined the in vitro assembly properties of zebrafish Bfsp2 alpha and conclude that the C-terminal sequences are required to regulate not only the diameter and uniformity of the in vitro assembly filaments, but also their filament filament associations in vitro. (dundee.ac.uk)
Instead, the mutant assembled efficiently in buffers containing CaCl 2 ≥ 6 mM forming filaments that were 10 times longer than those formed by wt NF-L, although their diameter was significantly smaller (6-7 nm). (johnshopkins.edu)

In particular, we are interested in a subclass of protein assemblies, homomeric assemblies, which are produced by the repetition of single type of subunit. (lu.se)

These results suggest that the 18 NH 2 -terminal sequence of NF-L might serve two functions, to inhibit filament elongation and to promote lateral association of NF-L subunits. (johnshopkins.edu)
2016. Profilin-dependent nucleation and assembly of actin filaments controls cell elongation in Arabidopsis. (purdue.edu)

In biology, a protein filament is a long chain of protein monomers, such as those found in hair, muscle, or in flagella. (wikipedia.org)
Instead each nucleoprotein filament consists of a string of many small filament patches that are only a few tens of monomers long. (crcm-marseille.fr)

Nematodes and many other non-chordate animals seem to have only type VI intermediate filaments , fibers that structure the nucleus . (wikipedia.org)

Deciphering the thick filaments assembly behavior of myosin as affected by enzymatic deamidation. (bvsalud.org)
This work aimed to clarify the solubilization mechanism by deciphering myosin thick filaments assembly as affected by protein - glutaminase deamidation. (bvsalud.org)
Since this region confers myosin electrostatic property to initiate staggered dimerization , deamidation in this region, which severely affected the electrostatic balance between residues, impaired ordered thick filament growing and elongating, thus promoting the solubilization of MPs in water . (bvsalud.org)

Keratins (also described as cytokeratins ) are polymers of type I and type II intermediate filaments that have been found only in chordates ( vertebrates , amphioxus , urochordates ). (wikipedia.org)

Ongoing work is directed towards testing the hypothesis that monomer attachment, flexibility and conformation are associated with the shape, rigidity and dynamics of the filaments and that this is relevant for creating tensions on the membrane. (cea.fr)
2016. A processive Arabidopsis formin modulates actin-filament dynamics in association with profilin. (purdue.edu)
2014. The availability of filament ends modulates actin stochastic dynamics in live plant cells. (purdue.edu)

The relative rates of nucleation and filament extension are such that the observed filament formation consists of multiple nucleation events that are in competition with each other. (crcm-marseille.fr)

The filament run out sensor and spool holder can now be attached to the top of the printer. (space.com)

The results show that, surprisingly, human RAD51 does not form long continuous filaments on DNA. (crcm-marseille.fr)
Method Continuous polydioxanone (PDO) electrospun filaments were produced with a single nozzle electrospinning set-up using a wire-guide collector. (bmj.com)

3 With their elongated shape, cells grown on these filaments also display a similar morphology to tenocytes seen in native tendons. (bmj.com)
The study provides novel insights into the structural morphology and assembly of the aggregative adherence fimbriae. (lu.se)

Flashforge Adventurer 3 & 4 Nozzle assembly (high temp. (3dfilaprint.com)

Furthermore, we suggest a new mechanism for force generation in which the orientation and type of monomer attachment to the surface could play an important role in modulating the force exerted by filament aggregates on the bacterial membrane during cell division [5,6]. (cea.fr)

Fundamental control over supra-molecular self-assembly for organization of matter on the nano-scale is a major objective of nanoscience and nanotechnology. (bgsu.edu)
Our research focuses on the fundamental understanding of how bacteria regulate flagellar assembly, how a cell coordinates the assembly of unrelated molecular machines and how hosts recognise this important antigen. (ncl.ac.uk)
Homomeric assemblies typically adopt internal symmetry, which provides a crucial constraint in the molecular modeling. (lu.se)
Such a model would provide an unprecedented view of the molecular architecture of T3SS by visualizing the placement of its componentswithin the assembly as well as interactions between these components. (lu.se)

Our in-depth knowledge of flagellar assembly and its regulation allow us to investigate the interaction of the host innate immune system during UTIs. (ncl.ac.uk)
We suggest that the K15N mutation causes DCM by altering Ca 2+ -dependent thin-filament regulation and that one of the possible HCM-causing mechanisms by the R21H mutation is through alteration of leiomodin's function. (nih.gov)

An intermediate filament is one of three major components of the cytoskeletons of eukaryotic cells. (daviddarling.info)

I began with a need to know when my 3D printer was out of filament, so that I could drop whatever I was doing and insert a new spool of filament right up against the end of the previous spool. (hackaday.com)
As soon as the spool of filament has emptied, the device falls to the tabletop and triggers the alarm. (hackaday.com)

The implication of this work is that monomer flexibility and surface attachment, additionally to filament curvature, could be important in determining the polymorphism and dynamic behavior of filament aggregates. (cea.fr)

A typical LED filament bulb. (greenbuildingadvisor.com)
These so-called "LED filament" bulbs looked almost exactly like incandescents: a glass bulb encasing a little glass tower inside, with tiny metal arms holding up a series of "filaments" that glow brightly when turned on. (greenbuildingadvisor.com)
Other than the fact that the "filaments" appeared yellow when the bulb was off, there were no external cues that these were LEDs. (greenbuildingadvisor.com)

These filaments are therefore key for theoretical models that aim to reproduce the observed characteristics of the star formation process in the Galaxy. (aanda.org)
As part of the filament study carried out by the Herschel Galactic Cold Cores Key Programme, here we study and discuss the filament properties presented in GCC VII (Paper I) in context with theoretical models of filament formation and evolution. (aanda.org)

Specific and directional RNA-RNA interactions at these interfaces enable conformational, topological and orientational control of tectoRNA self-assembly. (bgsu.edu)

Tropomodulin is a protein that will cap the ends of the actin filaments causing the overall stability of the structure. (wikipedia.org)
Tropomyosin, together with the troponin complex, regulates muscle contraction and, along with tropomodulin and leiomodin, controls the uniform thin-filament lengths crucial for normal sarcomere structure and function. (nih.gov)
The physical structure of the filaments was quantified according to two main components: the central (Gaussian) region of the filament (core component), and the power-law-like region dominating the filament column density profile at larger radii (wing component). (aanda.org)

The simultaneous growth of filament and background in locations with efficient mass assembly, predicted in numerical models of filaments in collapsing clouds, presents a suitable scenario for the fulfillment of the combined filament mass − environment criterium that is in quantitative agreement with Herschel observations. (aanda.org)

As a result, there is a reduction in filaments to anchor the lens in its central position at the front of the eye, leading to its displacement and the vision problems characteristic of isolated ectopia lentis. (medlineplus.gov)

The LKB1-like Kinase Elm1 Controls Septin Hourglass Assembly and Stability by Regulating Filament Pairing. (wku.edu)

When the filaments are packed up together, they are able to form three different cellular parts. (wikipedia.org)
Controlling RNA Self-Assembly to Form Filaments" by Lorena Nasalean, Stéphanie Baudrey et al. (bgsu.edu)
To determine if the R3 and R4 domains were necessary and sufficient to form the core, they treated their filament samples with pronase, which is known to remove all but the cores of tau fibrils. (alzforum.org)
How do actin filaments form higher-order assemblies that produce and respond to force? (mechanobio.info)

Finally, we demonstrate that the head domain of lamin A can substitute for that of NF-L in filament assembly, whereas substitution of both the head and tail domains of lamins for those of NF-L compromises assembly. (johnshopkins.edu)

The simultaneous increase of environment and filament A V explains the observed association between dense environments and high M line,core values, and it argues against filaments remaining in constant single-pressure equilibrium states. (aanda.org)

BioPE with low melt flow index (MFI) yielded filaments with low void fraction and relatively low thickness variation. (mdpi.com)

Rotation of the filament is achieved via the action of a universal joint known as the hook and a basal motor anchored into the bacterial cell envelope. (ncl.ac.uk)
The flagellar filament is a major antigen recognized by hosts during bacterial infections. (ncl.ac.uk)
A significant number of bacterial species encode multiple copies of the filament building block - flagellin. (ncl.ac.uk)
We complement our study on flagellar abundance with research to understanding how a filament is assembled from multiple flagellins, a trait maintained by many bacterial species. (ncl.ac.uk)

A complex regulatory network controls the assembly of the flagellum and the number per cell, which varies between different species. (ncl.ac.uk)

The filaments are typically about an inch long, and are formed by bonding dozens (3) of tiny, low-power LEDs in series on thermally conductive substrate. (greenbuildingadvisor.com)

The properties and behaviour of these components relative to the total linear mass density of the filament and the column density of its environment were compared with the predictions from theoretical models describing the evolution of filaments under gravity-dominated conditions. (aanda.org)

Sellers of these LED filament bulbs made some amazing performance claims: lifespans of 25,000 to 50,000 hours, color rendering index above 80, and outstanding efficiencies near 120 lm/W. They all seemed to be relatively unknown brands, seemingly sourced from several anonymous manufacturers in China. (greenbuildingadvisor.com)
This indicated that at least some filaments were composed of R2-containing 4-repeat tau, but that only the R3 and R4 domain made up the ordered core of the filament. (alzforum.org)

As expected, the mechanical strength of the yarn is proportional to the number of filaments added ( Figure 1d ). (bmj.com)
Finally, adjusting the number of filaments can be used to tailor the mechanical strength of the yarn. (bmj.com)

We quantified actin filament growth rates that depend on the size of crowder. (ucf.edu)

His most important discovery, however, was the invention of a suitable filament. (encyclopedia.com)

Specifically, this paper describes the design, fabrication and operation of a RepRapable Recyclebot, which refers to the Recyclebot's ability to provide the filament needed to largely replicate the parts for the Recyclebot on any type of RepRap 3-D printer. (appropedia.org)

The presence of tubulin crosslinking and microtubule assembly alterations in the testes of 2,5-hexanedione intoxicated rats was documented. (cdc.gov)

AnkerMake Speed Lab certification ensures this filament meets high-demand printing tests conducted inside the AnkerMake Lab. (conns.com)
By doing this within four minutes of the filament running out, printing very large jobs could continue uninterrupted. (hackaday.com)
As long as there is a means of triggering an alarm when filament has run out, the operator can do everything needed to keep the machine printing uninterrupted, and the printer itself doesn't even need to know. (hackaday.com)

Results Stretching filaments resulted in alignment of the electrospun nanofibres along the fibre axis ( Figure 1a ). (bmj.com)

Anatomy35

Organisms15

Diseases1

Chemicals and Drugs114

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment35

Phenomena and Processes56

Disciplines and Occupations2

Technology, Industry, Agriculture3

Information Science5

Health Care1

Printer filament1

Intermediate Filament3

Helical9

Microtubules6

Extruder4

Assemble6

Varied at the ultrastructural level1

Microscopy5

Proteins9

VIMENTIN1

Structures10

Roll of filament2

Cytoskeleton2

Kinetics7

Cytoskeletal3

Diameter3

Subunit1

Elongation2

Monomers2

Fibers1

Myosin3

Polymers1

Dynamics3

Nucleation1

Sensor1

Continuous2

Morphology2

Flashforge Adventurer1

Mechanism1

Molecular4

Regulation2

Cytoskeletons1

Spool2

Behavior1

Bulb3

Formation2

Interactions1

Structure3

Numerical1

LENS1

Stability1

Form4

Tail1

Equilibrium1

Thickness1

Bacterial4

Cell1

Typically1

Theoretical1

Made2

Yarn2

Depend1

Suitable1

Type1

Alterations1

Printing3

Alignment1