Fiber initiation and cell elongation. Medical search. Frequent questions

They were presumed as the candidate genes for fiber cell differentiation, initiation, or elongation based on gene annotation of their homologs. (bvsalud.org)
In the earliest stages of development, the physical properties of the microenvironment can direct cell differentiation, and initiate the coordinated movement of groups of cells to establish the patterns that will define how the body is arranged. (mechanobio.info)
Abstract Wood is produced by accumulation of secondary xylem via proliferation and differentiation of the cambium cells in. (cn1699.cn)
DNA methylation and histone modifications play a central role in the epigenetic regulation of gene expression and cell differentiation. (cipsm.de)
It is involved in cell death, growth, and differentiation as well as tissue repair by tissue remodeling/wound healing and ECM assembly [ 5 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)

Arabinogalactan-proteins (AGPs) are highly glycosylated proteins (glycoproteins) found in the cell walls of plants. (wikipedia.org)
They are members of the wider class of hydroxyproline (Hyp)-rich cell wall glycoproteins, a large and diverse group of glycosylated wall proteins. (wikipedia.org)
The cytoskeleton is a highly dynamic network of filamentous proteins that enables the active transport of cellular cargo, transduces force, and when assembled into higher-order structures, forms the basis for motile cellular structures that promote cell movement. (mechanobio.info)
Potent Cas9 Inhibition in Bacterial and Human Cells by AcrIIC4 and AcrIIC5 Anti-CRISPR Proteins. (umassmed.edu)
SIR proteins create compact heterochromatin fibers. (umassmed.edu)
It enables cells to produce proteins, which are essential for various purposes such as cell signaling, cellular function, and DNA replication. (atlasbars.com)
Proteins are involved in the structure, function, and regulation of cells and tissues. (atlasbars.com)
Apoptotic cell death follows well-defined time-depend-ent processes, which result in changes in the plasma membrane, proteolysis of intracellular proteins, loss of mitochondrial function, and characteristic DNA cleavage. (latestfashiontips.com)
the Bcl-2 proteins can be either pro- or antiapoptotic and are seen as arbiters of cell survival. (latestfashiontips.com)
The Bcl-2 proteins influence cell survival primarily by controlling the mitochondrial response to apoptotic signals, although direct inhibition of caspase activity may occur. (latestfashiontips.com)

This approach will identify specific genes that are critical for initiating fiber development. (usda.gov)
The preliminary experiments reported at this conference are encouraging that this experimental plan is revealing the most important genes in the process of fiber initiation. (usda.gov)
Transcript abundance of the genes causing the increase in cell wall thickness was measured in cultures established under different plant hormone compositions. (usda.gov)
Discoveries have shown that melanoma frequently harbors mutations that attenuate tumor suppressor genes such as p53 and PTEN, leading to cell cycle dysregulation. (biomedcentral.com)
The reduced expression of most of these genes in htz1Delta cells was reversed by the deletion of SIR2 (sir2Delta) suggesting that H2A.Z antagonizes telomeric silencing. (sdbonline.org)
Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis of these genes identified an overrepresentation of genes related to the cell cycle. (biomedcentral.com)
We discovered an unprecedented burst of differential expression of cell cycle related genes at one particular point during transition to flowering. (biomedcentral.com)
After flowering initiation, the action of LFY and AP1 , as well as CAULIFLOWER ( CAL ) results in the upregulation of genes that control floral organ identity [ 20 - 23 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
A group of cell death (CED) genes have been identified as playing a central role. (latestfashiontips.com)

Our team is interested in the regulation of two time points in cotton fiber development: initiation of fiber growth from ovule epidermal cells and the transition from fiber elongation to secondary wall biogenesis. (usda.gov)

Cancer Lett, 300:215-224.doi:10.1016/j. squamous cell carcinoma in north-eastern Iran. (who.int)

By exogenously modulating its activity, we demonstrate that PP1α is required to maintain CHK1 in a dephosphorylated state and, more importantly, that it is responsible for the accelerated replication fork progression in Spi1/PU.1-overexpressing cells. (oncotarget.com)
Thus, the safeguarding of genetic stability is a major defense against tumor initiation and progression. (oncotarget.com)
The second part of the review discusses potential host-directed interventional strategies based on existing translational and clinical knowledge of infection-induced inflammation, as well as cancer initiation/progression models. (frontiersin.org)
In addition, silvestrol blocked progression through the cell cycle at the G 2 -phase. (biomedcentral.com)

A second line of investigation using cotton ovule cultures is focused on determining the signals responsible for switching the fiber away from a growth pattern that causes the fiber to elongate and toward a pathway that stimulates the fiber wall to become thicker. (usda.gov)
ABSTRACT Ovule initiation is a key step that strongly influences ovule number and seed yield. (cn1699.cn)

This process is divided into three primary stages: initiation, elongation, and termination. (lecturio.com)

Furthermore, translocation of immune cells from one anatomical compartment to another, i.e., the gut-lung axis via the lymphatics or blood has been identified as an important factor in perpetrating systemic inflammation, tissue destruction, as well as modulating host-protective immune responses. (frontiersin.org)
Thus, the local immunological milieu in tissue compartments forms the nature and magnitude of the host responses, i.e., frequencies of regulatory T cells (Tregs) vs. T-helper 17 (Th17) cells, amount of pro-inflammatory cytokines vs. anti-inflammatory cytokines, extent of neutrophilia and antigen-presenting-cell (APC) activation, among others. (frontiersin.org)
There are several comprehensive reviews on Cn (4, 68), more recent brief updates (3, 37, 44), information on Cn inhibitors (42, 55), and disease- or organ/tissue-specific reviews relating to Cn in the neurosciences (29), muscle (65), islet cells (35). (pancreapedia.org)
Figure 4.1: Histology and illustration of compact bone tissue, highlighting cells and layers of ECM. (pressbooks.pub)
In contrast, bone tissue is deposited in a circular layer upon circular layer, each cell working only in one layer. (pressbooks.pub)
Discriminating between these different models requires biological information about the cells and tissue of the brain at the start of the folding process. (elifesciences.org)
Notably, the pattern of cells and tissue fibers in the cortex had no influence over these mechanical properties and provided no pre-indication of where the sites of folding would occur. (elifesciences.org)
Planarians are flatworms with large populations of stem cells capable of dividing to support adult tissue renewal and regeneration. (biomedcentral.com)
Functional disruption of Smed-Akt alters the balance between cell proliferation and cell death leading to systemic impairment of adult tissue renewal. (biomedcentral.com)
Thus, Akt signaling regulates neoblast biology and mediates in the distribution of injury-mediated cell death during tissue repair in planarians. (biomedcentral.com)
Nonetheless, there is limited understanding of how Akt signaling controls the response of stem cells during cellular turnover and tissue injury in the complexity of the whole organism. (biomedcentral.com)
The process is present during normal myocyte development and is activated in response to cell injury and results in the removal of the injured cell without damaging surrounding tissue. (latestfashiontips.com)
Thanks to its multiple roles, TG2 exerts various biological functions depending on the stimulus, leading to cell death or survival and tissue repair. (encyclopedia.pub)
In this article, we focus on the role of TG2 in cell death, macrophage activation, and tissue repair processes, which are involved in several pathogeneses, including tissue injury, inflammation, and fibrosis. (encyclopedia.pub)
This review aims to summarize the recent knowledge on the mechanisms activated by TG2 to regulate cell death/survival and fibrosis in the tissue repair process. (encyclopedia.pub)

We show that at folding initiation differential expansion is created by the outer layer of proliferating progenitors expanding faster than the core. (elifesciences.org)
Lastly, we find that a multi-phase model incorporating differential expansion of a fluid outer layer and radial and circumferential constraints approximates the in vivo shape evolution observed during initiation of cerebellar folding. (elifesciences.org)

Silvestrol induced caspase-3 activation and apoptotic cell death in a time- and dose-dependent manner. (biomedcentral.com)
This is an important feature of apoptotic cell death/removal that occurs during development and cellular injury. (latestfashiontips.com)
The degree of apoptotic cell death following ischemia/reperfusion may be reduced by the use of caspase inhibitors, antioxidants, and ischemic preconditioning. (latestfashiontips.com)
This anatomic condition is characterized by diastolic overloading, sarcomere stretching, apoptotic cell death, and side-to-side slippage of myocytes within the wall. (latestfashiontips.com)

Filamin forms a vital scaffolding adaptor and regulatory component that contributes to the mechanical stability of cells by linking the internal actin network with membrane receptors and mechanosensitive components. (mechanobio.info)
The morphologic changes seen in apoptosis include cell shrinkage, loss of cell-cell contacts, membrane blebbing, and nuclear condensation, terminating in the breakdown of the cell into apoptotic bodies that are phagocytosed by surrounding cells. (latestfashiontips.com)
Unlike cell necrosis, apoptosis does not elicit an inflammatory response, and plasma membrane integrity is maintained until late in the process. (latestfashiontips.com)
During CME, cells deform the plasma membrane locally and subsequently pinch off a vesicle into the cytoplasm. (biorxiv.org)

The term "oncotarget" encompasses all molecules, pathways, cellular functions, cell types, and even tissues that can be viewed as targets relevant to cancer as well as other diseases. (oncotarget.com)
While the field of microbiology has adapted to the study of complex microbiomes via modern meta-omics techniques, we have not updated our basic knowledge regarding the quantitative levels of DNA, RNA and protein molecules within a microbial cell, which ultimately control cellular function. (nature.com)
These advances establish a third mechanism of chromatin reconfiguration, raising fundamental questions about the stability of nucleosomes in nonreplicative phases of the cell cycle and the cellular machinery responsible for incorporating histone variants into nucleosomes (Mizuguchi, 2004). (sdbonline.org)
In mammals, Akt is ubiquitously expressed and is associated with regulation of cellular proliferation, metabolism, cell growth and cell death. (biomedcentral.com)
The neoblasts are the only dividing cells in planarians and constantly proliferate to repair tissues and support systemic cellular turnover [ 21 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

These two developmental phases determine key properties of fiber quality and yield. (usda.gov)
This approach will identify essential targets for increasing fiber number per seed, an important component of yield. (usda.gov)
Our objectives were to quantify planting: 1) row width and 2) in-row spacing effects on growth, yield, and fiber quality of dryland cotton. (scirp.org)
Because narrow rows and frequent plant spacing did not improve lint yield or fiber quality of dryland cotton, we do not recommend this strategy to overcome a thermally limited growing season. (scirp.org)

The purpose of the current study was to determine if inhibition of protein synthesis caused by silvestrol triggers autophagy and apoptosis in cultured human cancer cells derived from solid tumors. (biomedcentral.com)
Silvestrol potently inhibits cell growth and induces cell death in human melanoma cells through induction of early autophagy and caspase-mediated apoptosis. (biomedcentral.com)
Silvestrol represents a natural product scaffold that exhibits potent cytotoxic activity and could be used for the further study of autophagy and its relationship to apoptosis in cancer cells. (biomedcentral.com)

Phytohormone regulation of cotton fiber development in vitro. (usda.gov)
When the medium contains the correct nutrients and plant hormones, cotton fibers will develop on the seed surface. (usda.gov)
Our team uses this culture system to investigate how cotton fibers begin their growth. (usda.gov)
To bridge these knowledge gaps, we embarked on a rigorous and comprehensive review of published literature, delving into the impact of heat stress on cotton yields and the consequential losses in fiber quality. (biomedcentral.com)
Cotton is exceptionally well-suited to meet the growing demands of our global population as a valuable source of fiber generating income and sustaining over 100 million households (Fairtrade Foundation 2022 ). (biomedcentral.com)
Abstract Cotton that produces natural fiber materials for the textile industry is one of the most important crops in the w. (cn1699.cn)

In vitro cell viability, flow cytometry, fluorescence microscopy, qPCR and immunoblot was used to study the mechanism of action of silvestrol in MDA-MB-435 melanoma cells. (biomedcentral.com)
The compound has been found to show promising in vitro and in vivo activities against certain B-cell malignancies [ 12 ], and has been under preclinical toxicogical development in the National Cancer Institute Experimental Therapeutics (NExT) program. (biomedcentral.com)
10 Even more compelling is a recent study that subjected individual quiescent satellite cells isolated from adult limb muscle to stretching in vitro, and showed that direct stretching of the satellite cells themselves results in activation and bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation. (arvojournals.org)

Kinase subunit of both mTORC1 and mTORC2, which regulates cell growth and survival in response to nutrient and hormonal signals. (abcam.cn)
However, the mechanisms by which Akt signaling regulates stem cell behavior in the complexity of the whole body are poorly understood. (biomedcentral.com)

Consequently, the transition to flowering is under strict genetic and environmental control [ 1 ], with floral initiation being induced by both external (photoperiod- and vernalization-dependent) and internal pathways (autonomous, age- and gibberellin-dependent) [ 2 - 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

We previously showed that constitutive overexpression of the oncogenic transcription factor Spi1/PU.1 leads to pre-leukemic cells that have a shortened S phase duration with an increased replication fork speed and increased mutability in the absence of DNA breaks. (oncotarget.com)
CN has a number of targets but its most prominent are the NFAT (nuclear factor of activated T cells) transcription factors. (pancreapedia.org)

After initiating growth, seed trichomes (fibers) elongate for about 13 days in culture and then begin producing thick, cellulosic secondary cell walls. (usda.gov)
In the pancreatic acinar cell CN plays a role in mediating the action of elevated Ca 2+ to stimulate cell division, pancreatic growth and protein synthesis. (pancreapedia.org)
Herein, we review possible mechanisms by which glutamate may act in facilitating the growth of projections in astrocytic cells. (mdpi.com)
Other features include the fluid-like composition of the outer layer, which allows cells to move freely and regularly change position, and tensions surrounding the cerebellum mechanically straining its growth. (elifesciences.org)

Trenbolone increases the number of red blood cells produced by your body, giving you greater endurance during your workouts. (cheapstorageunit.com)

6 These manipulations result in satellite cell activation and proliferation, which in turn are responsible for muscle repair and regeneration. (arvojournals.org)
This study defined the role of Smed-Akt in abnormal cell proliferation triggered by the abrogation of the phosphatase PTEN, an upstream component of the Akt signaling pathway, which is highly mutated in human cancers. (biomedcentral.com)

Its importance has been documented in a number of physiologic and pathologic conditions including neuronal and muscle development, lymphocyte activation, cardiac hypertrophy, switching of skeletal muscle fiber type, and expression of ion channels. (pancreapedia.org)

Both active and passive stretch of the rectus muscles produced by strabismus surgery dramatically upregulated the processes of satellite cell activation, integration of new myonuclei into existing myofibers, and concomitant upregulation of immature myosin heavy chain isoforms. (arvojournals.org)

2010). Another interesting approach to improve mechanical properties and impart degradation is to use natural fibers to reinforce synthetic polymer/biopolymer blends. (ncsu.edu)

Nonetheless, the enhanced myogenesis leads to the formation of an extensive network of contractile myofibers, and this enhanced myogenesis can be conferred upon myogenic cells from clonal populations, such as G8 or C2C12 cells, if they are co-cultured with the limb mesenchymal cells. (biologists.com)

Here, we describe the high friction behavior (COF ~ 0.5) of a new class of textured elastomer fiber composites made using a facile fabrication method of cutting and rearranging molded composites. (4spe.org)
The present work evaluated the potential of the addition of bentonite and feldspar as fillers on the mechanical and physical properties of low-density polyethylene (LDPE)/thermoplastic sago starch (TPSS)/kenaf core fiber (KCF) composites. (ncsu.edu)

Although overt inflammatory responses play a major role in malignant transformation of host cells following an infection, it is a disbalanced immune responses, which contribute to drive malignant transformation. (frontiersin.org)

Cell membranes are highly enriched in signaling receptors, transmembrane mechanosensors, pumps and channels, and, depending on their makeup, can recruit and retain a pool of mechanosensors important in the field of mechanobiology. (mechanobio.info)

Irradiation treatment, which eliminates satellite cells from these muscles, prevents the compensatory hypertrophy in these types of experiments. (arvojournals.org)

This review discusses the similarities and differences between the morphology of astrocytes and astrocytoma cells, and the role that dysregulation in glutamate and calcium signaling plays in the aberrant morphology of astrocytoma cells. (mdpi.com)

For example, a single mutation in the DNA sequence that codes for hemoglobin can result in sickle cell anemia, a genetic disorder that affects the shape and function of red blood cells. (atlasbars.com)

Astrocytes are non-excitable cells in the CNS that can cause life-threatening astrocytoma tumors when they transform to cancerous cells. (mdpi.com)

This paucity is likely due to the ubiquitous nature of this signaling pathway and the difficulty of analyzing stem cells in their natural environment during physiological cell turnover and regeneration in conventional animal models [ 15 - 17 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Planarians contain an abundant and accessible population of somatic adult stem cells called neoblasts [ 18 - 21 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

A Definition poptosis, or programmed cell death, is an energy-dependent process that effects the controlled removal of a cell. (latestfashiontips.com)
Myogenesis is a multi-step process through which uncommitted mesodermal cells commit, differentiate and undergo profound phenotypic changes. (biologists.com)

The presence of programmed cell death in the pathologic heart is interpreted as a contributory factor in the evolution to end-stage disease. (latestfashiontips.com)

Cell biology approaches, combined with the superb genetics of yeast, have advanced our understanding to CME. (biorxiv.org)

In silvestrol-treated cells, DAPI staining of nuclear chromatin displayed nucleosomal fragments. (biomedcentral.com)

7 8 9 In fact, passive stretching alone can activate limb muscle satellite cells. (arvojournals.org)

Recently, we described that the genome of S. mediterranea contains a single Akt ortholog termed Smed-Akt , which affects cell division and impairs planarian locomotion [ 22 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Another stimulus that activates satellite cells is stretching of the muscle. (arvojournals.org)

how a cell can detect, measure and respond to the rigidity of its substrate and how these processes apply to larger biological systems. (mechanobio.info)
Much of the current understanding of these processes is derived from analyses of nucleosomal histones that represent the major histone species within cells. (sdbonline.org)

To counteract constraints imposed by nucleosome structure, cells deploy two major classes of multiprotein enzymes, which covalently modify the nucleosome core histones or catalyze nucleosome mobility in an adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-dependent fashion. (sdbonline.org)

1 2 Residing outside the sarcolemma but within the basal lamina of individual myofibers is a population of cells that are responsible for muscle repair and regeneration, the satellite cells. (arvojournals.org)
Our results also reveal novel roles for Akt signaling during regeneration, specifically for the timely localization of cell death near the injury site. (biomedcentral.com)

Female Sprague-Dawley rats implanted with bone cancer cells develop mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia but antagonizing GM-CSF in these animals significantly reduced such hypersensitivity. (iasp-pain.org)
99:209 -215.doi:10.1007/s11060 - 010 - 0129 -5 cell carcinoma-a population-based study in with and without cervical cancer in Tbilisi, Georgia. (who.int)

Preexisting antivector immunity can severely compromise the ability of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium live vaccines to induce protective CD8 T-cell frequencies after type III secretion system-mediated heterologous protein translocation in orally immunized mice. (cipsm.de)

These cells-or more accurately, their cell bodies- are found within the pulp cavity, immediately adjacent to the dentin. (pressbooks.pub)

These changes include elongation, polarization, aggregation and fusion, which ultimately give rise to functional muscle. (biologists.com)

Here, we demonstrate that the S phase checkpoint protein CHK1 is maintained in a low phosphorylation state in Spi1/PU.1-overexpressing cells and provide evidence that this is not due to negative control of its primary kinase ATR. (oncotarget.com)

It is the most produced and utilized natural fiber world-wide, with an annual economic impact valued at approximately $600 billion (Khan et al. (biomedcentral.com)

Anatomy8

Organisms2

Chemicals and Drugs10

Phenomena and Processes6

Technology, Industry, Agriculture2

Information Science1

Differentiation5

Proteins10

Genes9

Secondary wall1

Squamous cell carc1

Progression4

Ovule2

Termination1

Tissue15

Differential2

Apoptotic cell4

Membrane4

Cellular5

Yield4

Apoptosis3

Cotton6

Vitro3

Regulates2

Transition1

Transcription2

Growth4

Increases1

Proliferation2

Development1

Isoforms1

Mechanical properties1

Populations1

Composites2

Responses1

Membranes1

Prevents1

Dysregulation1

Genetic1

Tumors1

Stem cells2

Process2

Programmed cell1

Biology1

Nuclear1

Limb1

Genome1

Stimulus1

Processes2

Constraints1

Regeneration2

Cancer2

Frequencies1

Bodies1

Ultimately1

Phosphorylation1

Natural1