Thus, although all blood cells, even lymphocytes, are normally born in the bone marrow in adults, myeloid cells in the narrowest sense of the term can be distinguished from lymphoid cells, that is, lymphocytes, which come from common lymphoid progenitor cells that give rise to B cells and T cells. (wikipedia.org)
Both continue their development in the bone marrow through an antigen-independent process called primary lymphopoiesis (PL). Recognized stages of PL are pro-B cell, pre-B cell, immature B cell, and mature B cell. (medscape.com)
Nevertheless, most recent information suggests that IL-7 dependence in human lymphopoiesis increases during development in cord blood and bone marrow. (biolegend.com)
While adult lymphoid progenitor cells are produced by the bone marrow, their lineage commitment and development into mature T-cells is dependent on their migration into the thymus, where essential interactions with heterogeneous thymic stromal cells take place ( 1 ). (frontiersin.org)
We report the presence in fetal tissues of 2 distinct CD19+ B-progenitors, an adult-type CD10+ve ProB-progenitor and a new CD10-ve PreProB-progenitor, and describe their molecular and functional characteristics. (ox.ac.uk)
Almost one-third of fetal B-progenitors are CD10-ve PreProB-progenitors, whereas, by contrast, PreProB-progenitors are almost undetectable (0.53% ± 0.24%) in adult BM. (ox.ac.uk)
Single-cell transcriptomics and functional assays place fetal PreProB-progenitors upstream of ProB-progenitors, identifying them as the first B-lymphoid-restricted progenitor in human fetal life. (ox.ac.uk)
Although fetal BM PreProB-progenitors and ProB-progenitors both give rise solely to B-lineage cells, they are transcriptionally distinct. (ox.ac.uk)
As with their fetal counterparts, adult BM PreProB-progenitors give rise only to B-lineage cells in vitro and express the expected B-lineage gene expression program. (ox.ac.uk)
However, fetal PreProB-progenitors display a distinct, ontogeny-related gene expression pattern that is not seen in adult PreProB-progenitors, and they share transcriptomic signatures with CD10-ve B-progenitor infant acute lymphoblastic leukemia blast cells. (ox.ac.uk)
These data identify PreProB-progenitors as the earliest B-lymphoid-restricted progenitor in human fetal life and suggest that this fetal-restricted committed B-progenitor might provide a permissive cellular context for prenatal B-progenitor leukemia initiation. (ox.ac.uk)
Ablation of Rpl22l1 in late fetal liver progenitors impairs the development of B lineage progenitors at the pre-B stage and development of T cells at the CD44-CD25+ double-negative stage. (bvsalud.org)
Mesodermal precursors expressing PDGFRα appear transiently during E7.5-8.5 descend to a subset of Lin- Sca1+ Kit+ hematopoietic progenitors found in adult BM. (bvsalud.org)
Targeted deletion of the Hoxa cluster affects B lymphopoiesis through depletion of early lymphoid progenitors. (nottingham.ac.uk)
Here, we show that compared with primary disomic controls, primary T21 fetal liver (FL) hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) and megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitors are markedly increased, whereas granulocyte-macrophage progenitors are reduced. (ox.ac.uk)
In lymphopoiesis, T21 FL lymphoid-primed multipotential progenitors and early lymphoid progenitor numbers are maintained, but there was a 10-fold reduction in committed PreproB-lymphoid progenitors and the functional B-cell potential of HSC and early lymphoid progenitor is severely impaired, in tandem with reduced early lymphoid gene expression. (ox.ac.uk)
Liver3
Myeloid tissue can also be present in the liver and spleen in fetuses, and sometimes even in adults as well, which leads to extramedullary hematopoiesis. (wikipedia.org)
Perturbation of fetal liver hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell development by trisomy 21. (ox.ac.uk)
Hematopoiesis1
The 40-fold increase in childhood megakaryocyte-erythroid and B-cell leukemia in Down syndrome implicates trisomy 21 (T21) in perturbing fetal hematopoiesis. (ox.ac.uk)
Lymphoid3
Secondary B lymphopoiesis is an antigen-dependent process and occurs in the germinal center of peripheral lymphoid organs with specific antibody production. (medscape.com)
Secondary lymphopoiesis (SL) begins when mature B cells enter the extrafollicular area of lymphoid tissue and differentiate into short-lived plasma cells and memory cells after being stimulated by antigen-presenting cells. (medscape.com)
Discovery of a CD10-negative B-progenitor in human fetal life identifies unique ontogeny-related developmental programs. (ox.ac.uk)
Thymus2
Those cells' differentiation (that is, lymphopoiesis) is not complete until they migrate to lymphatic organs such as the spleen and thymus for programming by antigen challenge. (wikipedia.org)
Secondary T lymphopoiesis is also an antigen-dependent process and occurs in the thymus. (medscape.com)
Poorly2
Although fetal B-lymphopoiesis remains poorly defined, it is key to understanding leukemia initiation in early life. (ox.ac.uk)
Unlike traditional, circulating lymphocytes that are continuously generated from hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), many TLCs are of fetal origin and poorly generated from adult HSCs. (bvsalud.org)
Defects1
Therefore, T21 itself causes multiple distinct defects in FL myelo- and lymphopoiesis. (ox.ac.uk)
Cells2
The word myelopoiesis has several senses in a way that parallels those of myeloid, and myelopoiesis in the narrower sense is the regulated formation specifically of myeloid leukocytes (myelocytes), allowing that sense of myelopoiesis to be contradistinguished from erythropoiesis and lymphopoiesis (even though all blood cells are normally produced in the marrow in adults). (wikipedia.org)
Similarly, destruction of neonatally abundant pluripotent stem cells would likely have a more pervasive outcome than destruction of The value of incorporating immunologic appeared more severe and/or persistent when single lineages or differentiated cells that pre- data for the toxicologic assessment of drugs, the exposure occurred perinatally when com- dominate in adults. (cdc.gov)
Tissues2
Expression is seen in fetal tissues (18-25 weeks) mainly in the brain. (nordiqc.org)
SOX11 is not expressed in normal adult human tissues. (nordiqc.org)
Developmental2
Here, we provide a comprehensive analysis of the human fetal B-cell developmental hierarchy. (ox.ac.uk)
Welfare in Europe and Japan, for immuno- ods for developmental neurotoxicity and System toxicity testing in adult rodents. (cdc.gov)
Functional1
Multiple embryonic precursors give rise to leukocytes in adults while the lineage-based functional impacts are underappreciated. (bvsalud.org)
Development2
Here, we sought to further understand murine TLC development and the roles of Flk2 and IL7Rα, two cytokine receptors with known function in traditional lymphopoiesis. (bvsalud.org)
The role of SOX 11 in lymphopoiesis remains to be elucidated and hitherto, SOX 4 is the only gene in the SOX family that is found to have an important role in early B- and T-cell development. (nordiqc.org)
Spleen1
Notching of the superior border of the adult spleen is evidence of its multiple origin (see the image below). (medscape.com)
Human1
Human lymphopoiesis is a dynamic lifelong process that starts in utero 6 weeks postconception. (ox.ac.uk)