MeioticMammalianEmbryoOvariesZona pellucidaSpermGerminal vesicleSpermatid injectionMeiosisICSICryopreservationPolesFollicleOvumROSIMitochondrialEmbryosProcessesVivoReproductive techniquesSuccessfullyAdultMammalsExposureDeclineOccursMechanismProcedureSignificantlyGrowthFertilityDevelopmentFoundCellsTransferGeneticRateImportantCultureHumanSelectionVolumePatientsBeginsMethodResearchLifePresentConditionFormSmallStandard
Meiotic8
- As atresia continues, both the number and quality of oocytes fall below a critical level, and the rate of aneuploidy increases - a finding that is related at least in part to problems of the meiotic spindle 15 , 16 resulting in nondisjunction. (ldysinger.com)
- Mammalian oocytes are maintained in meiotic prophase arrest for a very long time-months in mice, years in humans. (wikipedia.org)
- However, as the oocyte grows, these proteins are synthesized, and meiotic arrest becomes dependent on cyclic AMP . (wikipedia.org)
- Maintenance of meiotic arrest also depends on the presence of a multilayered complex of cells, known as a follicle, that surrounds the oocyte. (wikipedia.org)
- In the oocyte, cyclic GMP prevents the breakdown of cyclic AMP by the phosphodiesterase PDE3, and thus maintains meiotic arrest. (wikipedia.org)
- To ascertain whether the Kunming (KM) mouse is an available model for age-related decline in female fertility in human or not, oocytes from young (6-8 weeks), middle-aged (9 months) and aged (12 months) female mice were compared with respect to number of oocytes, frequency of in-vitro maturation (IVM) and in-vitro fertilization (IVF), and meiotic chromosome segregation and alignment. (cambridge.org)
- Significant reduction of germinal vesicle (GV) and MII oocytes and significant increase of metaphase chromosome misalignment and premature chromatid segregation after meiotic maturation of oocytes, similar to human, presumably contribute to the decline in aged KM mice. (cambridge.org)
- This study may be an important supplement for the mechanism of oocyte meiotic resumption and provide new diagnostic targets and treatment clues for infertility patients with oocyte maturation disorder. (cambridge.org)
Mammalian3
- He obtained a Ph.D. in 1991 for his thesis on in vitro maturation and fertilization of mammalian oocytes. (wikipedia.org)
- Mammalian ovaries are endowed with a huge number of small oocytes (primordial oocytes) in primordial follicles. (go.jp)
- It is well known that c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) plays pivotal roles in various mitotic events, but its function in mammalian oocyte meiosis remains unknown. (cambridge.org)
Embryo5
- 11 Among women undergoing in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer in the United States, deliveries per oocyte retrieved decreased from 36.9 percent among women under the age of 35 years to 20.5 percent among women between the ages of 38 and 40 years and to 10.7 percent among women between the ages of 41 and 42 years. (ldysinger.com)
- While ancillary, these can yet be telling in the final outcome of fertility treatment and can markedly enhance the processes of sperm retrieval and selection, fertilisation, embryo culture and transfer, and cryopreservation. (gynem.co.uk)
- We show that this histone modification is first enriched at PCH in the whole embryo and evolves into a diffuse distribution in epiblast during its specification and maturation. (sciencegate.app)
- Moreover, the dynamic of H3K27me3 at PCH during in vitro conversion from naïve to primed pluripotent state and during ESCs derivation suggests that the mechanisms underlying the control of this histone mark at PCH are different in embryo and in vitro. (sciencegate.app)
- Currently, the ability to culture in vitro totipotent cells possessing molecular and functional features like those of an early embryo in vivo has been a challenge. (sciencegate.app)
Ovaries4
- It has been hypothesized that in gonadal dysgenesis various deletions on the X chromosome cause such rapid atresia of oocytes 5 that few girls with this condition reach puberty with functioning ovaries. (ldysinger.com)
- Oocytes were collected from slaughterhouse-derived ovaries, matured in vitro, and injected with frozen-thawed stallion sperm. (bioone.org)
- In this review, we summarize the results regarding the activation of primordial oocytes in neonatal and adult ovaries of different species and propose a model in which ovaries of neonatal mammals contain a mixed population of both quiescent and activated primordial oocytes, while almost all primordial oocytes are quiescent in adult females. (go.jp)
- FOXO3 is considered one of the molecules responsible for the dormancy of primordial oocytes in adult ovaries. (go.jp)
Zona pellucida2
- The failures of binding to the oocyte zona pellucida are commonly attributed to defects in the sperm recognition, adhesion, and fusion molecules. (bvsalud.org)
- In our previous studies, we found that zona pellucida 3 (ZP3) was strongly concentrated in the nuclear region of germinal vesicle (GV) oocytes and interacted with aryl hydrocarbon receptor-interacting protein-like 1 (AIPL1) and lamin A to promote GVBD. (cambridge.org)
Sperm11
- Intracytoplasmic sperm injection ( ICSI / ˈ ɪ k s i / IK -see ) is an in vitro fertilization (IVF) procedure in which a single sperm cell is injected directly into the cytoplasm of an egg . (wikipedia.org)
- In terms of insemination, ICSI needs only one sperm cell per oocyte , while IVF needs 50,000-100,000. (wikipedia.org)
- SPAM1 (sperm adhesion molecule 1) is a hyaluronidase implicated in the dispersion of the cumulus-oocyte matrix. (bvsalud.org)
- Thus, the HA test identified that human sperm require the presence of SPAM1 throughout the sperm head (P1) to properly contact the cumulus-oocyte matrix. (bvsalud.org)
- Overall, our results provide novel insights into the physiological basis of sperm capacitation and could contribute to the improvement of selection techniques. (bvsalud.org)
- During fertilization, sperm hyaluronidase activity is essential for spermatozoa to successfully penetrate the hyaluronic acid-enriched extracellular matrix of the cumulus cells. (bvsalud.org)
- This study was conducted to evaluate in vivo and in vitro development of in vitro-matured equine oocytes fertilized by intracytoplasmic sperm injection. (bioone.org)
- When the inability of male transgenic rats to transmit the transgene is not associated with mosaicism, microinsemination techniques such as intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) and round spermatid injection (ROSI) can be used for passage of the transgenes. (go.jp)
- Our ICSI procedure includes the use of a piezo-driven small-sized injection pipette (2-4 μm in diameter), isolated sperm heads, and freshly ovulated oocytes. (go.jp)
- These microinsemination techniques can be combined with cryopreservation of sperm and spermatid cells, leading to successful transmission of transgenes carried in male gametes. (go.jp)
- A method of fertilisation in which an individual, morphologically-sound sperm is injected into the egg directly. (gynem.co.uk)
Germinal vesicle2
- The mean number of ovarian follicles, ovarian germinal vesicle oocytes and ovulated MII oocytes decreased significantly with maternal age. (cambridge.org)
- The germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD) is a landmark event of oocyte maturation. (cambridge.org)
Spermatid injection2
- Round spermatid injection (ROSI) is a technique of assisted reproduction whereby a round spermatid is injected into oocyte cytoplasm in order to achieve fertilization. (wikipedia.org)
- [2] The microinjection procedure for ROSI also differs slightly from that of ICSI, since additional stimuli are needed to ensure proper oocyte activation after spermatid injection. (wikipedia.org)
Meiosis8
- In those men in whom spermatogenesis is blocked at the stage of round spermatids, in which meiosis has already been completed, these round cells can successfully fertilize oocytes after being injected into their cytoplasm. (wikipedia.org)
- Oocyte meiosis, important to all animal life cycles yet unlike all other instances of animal cell division, occurs completely without the aid of spindle -coordinating centrosomes . (wikipedia.org)
- Oogonia enter meiosis during embryonic development, becoming oocytes. (wikipedia.org)
- Removal of the oocyte from the follicle causes meiosis to progress in the oocyte. (wikipedia.org)
- As follicles grow, they acquire receptors for luteinizing hormone, a pituitary hormone that reinitiates meiosis in the oocyte and causes ovulation of a fertilizable egg. (wikipedia.org)
- [5] Because the granulosa cells and oocyte are connected by gap junctions, cyclic GMP also decreases in the oocyte, causing meiosis to resume. (wikipedia.org)
- [10] Meiosis then proceeds to second metaphase, where it pauses again until fertilization. (wikipedia.org)
- It was found that FIGNL1, a member of MTSPs, was predominantly expressed in mouse oocytes and distributed at the spindle poles during meiosis in the present study. (cambridge.org)
ICSI1
- Even though many technical aspects of ROSI are similar to those of ICSI, there are also significant differences between both techniques. (wikipedia.org)
Cryopreservation1
- In this video, we describe a protocol for the vitrification of sheep oocyte, collected from both juvenile and adult donors, and in vitro matured to prior to cryopreservation. (jove.com)
Poles2
- JNK2 was associated with the spindles especially the spindle poles and cytoplasmic microtubule organizing centers at prometaphase I, metaphase I, and metaphase II stages. (cambridge.org)
- Injection of myc-tagged JNK2α1 mRNA into oocytes also revealed its localization on spindle poles. (cambridge.org)
Follicle1
- These protease-induced decreases in IGFBP-4 and -5 likely cause increased levels of bioavailable (or free) IGFs that stimulate steroidogenesis and mitogenesis in developing dominant follicles, which ultimately prepare the follicle(s) and oocyte(s) for successful ovulation and fertilization. (bioone.org)
Ovum2
- Diagram showing the reduction in number of the chromosomes in the process of maturation of the ovum . (wikipedia.org)
- oocytogenesis , ootidogenesis , and finally maturation to form an ovum (oogenesis proper). (wikipedia.org)
ROSI2
- [4] Based on the evaluation of the babies born, no abnormalities attributable to the ROSI technique have been identified. (wikipedia.org)
- In the case of ROSI, round spermatids are injected into Sr 2+ -activated oocytes using a piezo-driven middle-sized pipette (5-6 μm in diameter). (go.jp)
Mitochondrial4
- He made headlines in September 2016 for successfully producing the world's first three-parent baby using the spindle transfer technique of mitochondrial replacement. (wikipedia.org)
- In 2003, while working with researchers at the Sun Yat-Sen University of Medical Science, Zhang experimented with a mitochondrial donation technique called pronuclear transfer to help a Chinese woman who had a fertility problem. (wikipedia.org)
- In the US, the FDA restricts any mitochondrial transfer techniques in humans, and requires an Investigational New Drug application. (wikipedia.org)
- PMPCB encodes the catalytic subunit of the essential mitochondrial processing protease (MPP), which is required for maturation of the majority of mitochondrial precursor proteins. (regenerativemedicine.net)
Embryos6
- There is also opposition to the nuclear transfer method due to the waste of embryos, or potential risk to children born by the technique. (wikipedia.org)
- This technique is used in order to prepare the gametes for the obtention of embryos that may be transferred to a maternal uterus. (wikipedia.org)
- If all requirements for round spermatid selection and injection are successfully met, the injected oocytes develop to early embryos and can be transferred to the mother's uterus to produce pregnancy. (wikipedia.org)
- In this paper, we describe a scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) technique that is a non-invasive and sensitive method for measuring oxygen consumption by individual embryos. (bioone.org)
- SECM technique may be a valuable tool for accurately assessing the quality of embryos and thereby contribute to improving outcomes associated with assisted reproduction, including human in vitro fertilization. (bioone.org)
- 2- to 4-cell and morula- to blastocyst-stage mouse embryos were cultured for 1 h in tritiated leucine at two specific activities and their subsequent development followed in vitro and in vivo (after transfer to recipients), respectively. (sciencegate.app)
Processes2
- The unique properties of spermatozoa are established through the spermatogenesis and maturation processes concurrently with its epigenome. (bvsalud.org)
- Integrins play important roles in several reproductive processes including fertilization, embryogenesis, and implantation. (go.jp)
Vivo2
- In vivo development was assessed after transfer of injected oocytes to the oviducts of recipient mares. (bioone.org)
- This study underscores the subtle differences between in vitro derived TBLCs and in vivo mouse early developmental cell stages at the single-cell transcriptomic level. (sciencegate.app)
Reproductive techniques2
- Therefore, in future, melatonin can be implicated as preferable therapeutic especially in IVF and assisted reproductive techniques. (jrhm.org)
- This stress correlates with declining egg quality, impacting assisted reproductive techniques' success. (novoslabs.com)
Successfully1
- Recently, it was reported that treatment with a single spliceosome inhibitor, pladienolide B (plaB), can successfully reprogram mouse pluripotent stem cells into totipotent blastomere-like cells (TBLCs) in vitro. (sciencegate.app)
Adult2
Mammals1
Exposure1
Decline1
- Decline in the Number of Oocytes from Birth to Menopause. (ldysinger.com)
Occurs2
- Female infants have 6 to 7 million oocytes at 20 weeks of gestation, when progressive atresia occurs, resulting in 1 to 2 million oocytes at birth, approximately 25,000 at the age of 37 years, and 1000 at the age of 51 years, the average age of natural menopause in the United States. (ldysinger.com)
- Oogenesis starts with the process of developing primary oocytes, which occurs via the transformation of oogonia into primary oocytes , a process called oocytogenesis . (wikipedia.org)
Mechanism2
Procedure1
Significantly2
- The rate of IVM in oocytes from young mice (73.9%) was less significantly than that in oocytes from middle-aged and aged mice (86.1% and 84.4%, respectively). (cambridge.org)
- AIPL1 was also proved to accumulate in the GV region of oocytes, and ZP3 deletion can significantly inhibit the aggregation of AIPL1 in the nuclear region. (cambridge.org)
Growth1
Fertility1
- pinyin: Zhāng Jìn) is a medical scientist who has made contributions in fertility research, and particularly in in vitro fertilization. (wikipedia.org)
Development2
- However, it is also possible that such genetic defects result in a smaller complement of oocytes during gonadal development. (ldysinger.com)
- An observational technique used to assess and track the development of oocytes through to maturation in order to pinpoint the most optimal moment for fertilization. (gynem.co.uk)
Found1
- Usage of melatonin during in vitro fertilization (IVF) procedures has been found to improve oocyte quality, survival, and fecundity. (jrhm.org)
Cells2
- Following in vitro maturation, the oocytes were denuded of Cumulus cells mechanically by gently pipetting and examined under stereo microscope, with 60x magnification. (jove.com)
- The granulosa cells produce a small molecule, cyclic GMP , that diffuses into the oocyte through the gap junctions. (wikipedia.org)
Transfer1
- In order to help a woman in Mexico who had a genetic-neurological trait called Leigh syndrome, Zhang used the spindle transfer technique in 2015. (wikipedia.org)
Genetic2
- The maintaining of oocyte potential viability after longterm storage represent a tool of great opportunity, as it would improve domestic animal breeding by genetic selection programs, contribute to preserve biodiversity through wildlife species conservation, and increase the research in biotechnology. (jove.com)
- This technique can be used to enable genetic fatherhood to some men who have no spermatozoa in the ejaculate (azoospermia) and in whom spermatozoa cannot be obtained surgically from the testicles. (wikipedia.org)
Rate1
- The low maturation rate of oocytes is an important reason for female infertility and failure of assisted pregnancy. (cambridge.org)
Important1
- The loading of the oocyte in the vitrification device used is an important and critical step. (jove.com)
Culture2
Human1
- There is an argument that the technique is very close to human cloning, which is generally objected to. (wikipedia.org)
Selection1
Volume1
- Oocytes are vitrified at the MII stage using Cryotop to ensure the minimum essential volume. (jove.com)
Patients1
- 1 The images in Panel B - which shows histologic specimens of oocytes (arrows) taken from patients at birth, at the age of 25 years, and at the age of 50 years - are adapted from Erickson 8 and are reprinted with the permission of the publisher. (ldysinger.com)
Begins1
- In normal women, at approximately 37.5 years of age, an accelerated atresia of the oocytes begins 1 , 2 ( Figure 1 ). (ldysinger.com)
Method1
Research1
- A Feature Paper should be a substantial original Article that involves several techniques or approaches, provides an outlook for future research directions and describes possible research applications. (mdpi.com)
Life1
- The progressive loss of oocytes from fetal life through menopause is a normal process. (ldysinger.com)
Present1
- The adenylyl cyclase is kept active by a constitutively active G-protein-coupled receptor known as GPR3 and a G-protein, Gs, also present in the oocyte membrane. (wikipedia.org)
Condition1
Form1
- Beyond the standard lab practices that form the core of IVF protocols lies an arsenal of supplementary techniques. (gynem.co.uk)
Standard1
- Vitrifaction by ultrarapid cooling and warming is considered a standard approach in cattle oocyte preservation. (jove.com)