Family mucins. Medical search. Frequent questions

Mucus comprises water, glycoproteins (mucins), and ions. (bmj.com)
The upper layer of the colonic mucus is a niche for a subset of the microbiota which utilise the mucin glycoproteins as a nutrient source and mucin grazing by the microbiota appears to play a key role in maintaining barrier function as well as community stability. (biorxiv.org)
In animals, they are abundant on mucosa surfaces as terminal carbohydrates of mucin glycoproteins. (tudelft.nl)
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Trefoil factor family (TFF) peptides and the chromosome 11p15.5 mucin glycoproteins are expressed and secreted in a site specific fashion along the length of the gastrointestinal tract. (embl.de)
Mucin-like molecules are a new family of glycoproteins present in tissues of the hematopoietic system. (bdbiosciences.com)
Mammalian mucins, glycoproteins that are major constituents of the glycocalyx that covers mucosal epithelium. (embl.de)

Mucins (/ˈmjuːsɪn/) are a family of high molecular weight, heavily glycosylated proteins (glycoconjugates) produced by epithelial tissues in most animals. (wikipedia.org)
Overexpression of the mucin proteins, especially MUC1, is associated with many types of cancer. (wikipedia.org)
In the mouth, mucins can also recruit anti-microbial proteins such as statherins and histatine 1, which further reduces risk of infection. (wikipedia.org)
Mucins are secreted as massive aggregates of proteins with molecular masses of roughly 1 to 10 million Da. (wikipedia.org)
Mucins are highly glycosylated proteins that serve a variety of roles in organisms from lubrication to cell-signaling to defense 7 . (nature.com)
The Mucin 1 (MUC1) gene encodes a membrane bound glycosylated phosphoprotein, belonging to the family of mucins which are heavily glycosylated proteins. (sigmaaldrich.com)
New research from Stanford reveals how a class of particularly bushy proteins in this forest, called mucins, could hinder the flu's progression. (phys.org)
Mucins are a family of high molecular weight O-glycosylated proteins. (breathinglabs.com)
Its genome sequence revealed an overabundance of the Family 1 of solute binding proteins (F1SBPs), part of ABC transporters and associated with the import of oligosaccharides. (escholarship.org)
Growth on HMO induced the expression of specific binding proteins that import HMO isomers, but also bind blood group and mucin oligosaccharides, suggesting coregulated transport mechanisms. (escholarship.org)
The prebiotic inulin induced other family 1 binding proteins with affinity for intestinal glycans. (escholarship.org)
Genetic studies of osmoregulation in yeast have identified mucin-like proteins as critical regulators of osmosensitive signaling and gene expression. (prolekarniky.cz)
Given that mucins and transmembrane proteins play similar roles in yeast osmoregulation, our findings suggest a possible evolutionarily conserved role for the mucin-plasma membrane interface in eukaryotic osmoregulation. (prolekarniky.cz)
This gene provides instructions for making a protein called mucin 1, which is one of several mucin proteins that make up mucus. (medlineplus.gov)

Human mucins include genes with the HUGO symbol MUC 1 through 22. (wikipedia.org)
Mucin genes encode mucin monomers that are synthesized as rod-shaped apomucin cores that are post-translationally modified by exceptionally abundant glycosylation. (wikipedia.org)
1000 mucin-like genes in the parasite genome. (silverchair.com)
In the present study we demonstrate that one such group of genes, termed TcSMUG L , codes for previously unrecognized mucin-type glycoconjugates anchored to and secreted from the surface of insect-dwelling epimastigotes. (silverchair.com)
Co-author Professor Adrian Woolf from Manchester Children's Hospital and The Universality of Manchester said: "One of the genes -- mucin-1- is especially interesting. (sciencedaily.com)
Other genes affected by the mastic oil diet belong to the family of the very large interferon inducible GTPases (VLIG) that also contribute to the host cellular response to IFNs [47]. (mingsheng88.org)
METHODS: Expression of mucin genes in the UACL from small bowel tissue of patients with Crohn's disease was detected by in situ hybridisation, and localisation of the products by immunohistochemistry. (embl.de)
2005. Telomere and subtelomere of Trypanosoma cruzi chromosomes are enriched in (pseudo)genes of retrotransposon hot spot and trans-sialidase-like gene families: the origins of T. cruzi telomeres. . (umd.edu)
Several genes were present as members of gene families, as has also been observed in other insect species. (biomedcentral.com)

Some EGF-like mucins, plus MUC1 and MUC16, carry SEA domains, a vertebrate invention. (wikipedia.org)
The study found that during SARS-CoV-2 infection, endogenously expressed TM mucins MUC1 and MUC16 played a protective role. (breathinglabs.com)

Upon stimulation, MARCKS (myristylated alanine-rich C kinase substrate) protein coordinates the secretion of mucin from mucin-filled vesicles within the specialized epithelial cells. (wikipedia.org)
It makes a sticky protein called mucin that coats urinary tubes inside the kidney. (sciencedaily.com)
Mucin and cadherin-like protein (MUCDHL), also known as μ-protocadherin, is a 100 kDa type I transmembrane protein belonging to the protocadherin family of cell adhesion molecules. (rndsystems.com)
Along this line, gene that encodes Mx protein, a member of the large GTPases family, known to be exclusively induced by IFNs [48], was also down-regulated (Table 2). (mingsheng88.org)
encodes a protein that belongs to the mucin family of. (mingsheng88.org)
The enzyme encoded by this gene controls the initiation step of mucin-type O-linked protein glycosylation and transfer of N-acetylgalactosamine to serine and threonine amino acid residues. (nih.gov)
This enzyme is a type II transmembrane protein and shares common sequence motifs with other family members. (nih.gov)
2009. Genomic organization and expression profile of the mucin-associated surface protein (masp) family of the human pathogen Trypanosoma cruzi. . (umd.edu)
2005. A guild of 45 CRISPR-associated (Cas) protein families and multiple CRISPR/Cas subtypes exist in prokaryotic genomes . (umd.edu)
The Mucin-Like Protein OSM-8 Negatively Regul. (prolekarniky.cz)
Our studies are the first to show that an extracellular mucin-like protein plays an important role in animal osmoregulation in a manner that requires the activity of a novel transmembrane protein. (prolekarniky.cz)

The snail mucin extract was obtained from the giant African snail, Achatina achatina (Family Arionidae). (jopcr.com)

We tested the hypothesis that individual trefoil peptides are uniquely localised with specific mucins in the UACL and normal gastrointestinal epithelia. (embl.de)
However, given the current state of research, it is difficult to conclude whether some specific mucins, such as MUC1, MUC4, or MUC16, or TM mucins in general are protective or contribute to severe disease, within the complexity of the body, during different stages of pathogenesis. (breathinglabs.com)
Documenting the function of specific mucins during in vivo infections will be important for future research. (breathinglabs.com)

MUC5AC and MUC5B are gel-forming mucins that clear pathogens by mucociliary clearance. (breathinglabs.com)

The extracellular domain of mature mouse MUCDHL contains four cadherin domains plus three repeat regions that constitute a mucin stalk (aa 541‑614). (rndsystems.com)
The extracellular portion of CXCL16 contains a chemokines domain and an extended C-terminal mucin-like stalk sequence. (peprotech.com)
StcE, which is the mucin-selective protease, cleaves the glycosylated extracellular portion of the mucins without disturbing the underlying domains. (breathinglabs.com)
Viral infection was enhanced with enzymatic removal of extracellular mucin domains, but not individuals' fucose sugars or sialic acid. (breathinglabs.com)
Based on these observations, a model was proposed in which glycosylated extracellular mucin domains form a protective layer on the ACE2 receptor. (breathinglabs.com)
In sum, this study sheds light on the role of glycosylated extracellular mucin domains as a host defense mechanism during SARS-CoV-2 entry. (breathinglabs.com)

A recent PLOS Pathogens study analyzed the role played by host mucins and mucin glycans with regard to SARS-CoV-2 entry into the airway epithelial cells. (breathinglabs.com)
A family of small peptides expressed primarily by MUCOUS MEMBRANE EPITHELIAL CELLS in vertebrates. (bvsalud.org)
in this study, CIC with a separation and distortion of epithelial cells specificity of 94% and sensitivity of 93%, and losses of mucin-secreting goblet cells, was used [14]. (who.int)
CIC the presence and density of goblet cells or is not, however, usually used in children mucin spots and density, size and shape of below 24 months due to the inability of the epithelial cells in relation to specimen area child to cooperate. (who.int)

Although some mucins are membrane-bound due to the presence of a hydrophobic membrane-spanning domain that favors retention in the plasma membrane, most mucins are secreted as principal components of mucus by mucous membranes or are secreted to become a component of saliva. (wikipedia.org)
1, 2 This review approaches the role of mucin degrading enzymes from the potential interaction of micro-organisms with the cervical mucus barrier, and discusses the contribution that mucin degrading enzymes may make to microbial colonisation of the reproductive tract. (bmj.com)
This gene belongs to the mucin family and is associated with the production of mucus, which lubricates and protects the airways. (indiatimes.com)
In addition to its role in mucus, mucin 1 relays signals from outside the cell to the cell's nucleus. (medlineplus.gov)

Despite the importance of mucin breakdown for gut health, the mechanisms by which gut bacteria access this complex glycoprotein are not well understood. (biorxiv.org)
We extracted a novel glycoprotein, a member of the mucin family, from five species of jellyfish with high yields (1%−3% dry weight, 0.02%−0.1% wet weight) and determined its main chain structure and molecular mass. (figshare.com)
also KIM-1 and HAVcr-1) is a 100 kDa, type I transmembrane glycoprotein member of the TIM family of immunoglobulin superfamily molecules (1-3). (rndsystems.com)
BACKGROUND: JL1, a CD43 epitope and mucin family cell surface glycoprotein, is expressed on leukemic cells. (koreamed.org)

Mucinases are enzymes capable of degrading mucins (the complex high molecular weight molecules that are the major non-aqueous components of mucous gels). (bmj.com)
The researchers hope that their method and findings will help in tackling other viruses that infect individuals through places like the lungs and respiratory tracts, which have mucin-rich mucous coatings. (phys.org)

namely, MUC3, MUC4, MUC12, MUC13, and the recently described mucin MUC17, which share a C-terminal structural domain that consists of two or three epithelial growth factor (EGF)-like regions, a transmembrane segment, and a short cytoplasmic tail. (bmj.com)
Meanwhile, MUC1, MUC4, and MUC16 are transmembrane (TM) mucins that can facilitate or restrict microbial invasion at the apical surface of the epithelium. (breathinglabs.com)
TM mucins MUC16 and MUC4 and secreted mucin MUC5AC were almost undetectable. (breathinglabs.com)

Here we describe the discovery and characterisation of endo-acting family 16 glycoside hydrolases (GH16s) from prominent mucin degrading gut bacteria that specifically target the oligosaccharide side chains of intestinal mucins from both animals and humans. (biorxiv.org)
The data suggest a new paradigm for mucin breakdown by the microbiota and the endo-mucinases provide a potential tool to explore changes that occur in mucin structure in intestinal disorders such as inflammatory bowel disease and colon cancer. (biorxiv.org)

Mature mammalian mucins are composed of two distinct regions: The amino- and carboxy-terminal regions are very lightly glycosylated, but rich in cysteines. (wikipedia.org)

Membrane bound mucins MUC1 and MUC3 appear to be associated with the development of gastric carcinoma. (bmj.com)
Epithelial mucins can be classified into two distinct families: secretory (gel forming) and membrane bound. (bmj.com)

Partial or complete degradation of mucin molecules by microbial enzymes is often a fundamental step in disruption of defensive mucosal barriers, as these constitute direct interfaces between internal and external environments. (bmj.com)

The current model for mucin degradation involves exclusively exo-acting glycosidases that sequentially trim monosaccharides from the termini of the glycan chains to eventually allow access to the mucin peptide backbone by proteases. (biorxiv.org)
Both of these peptide families have important local actions in maintaining tissue homeostasis and repair after injury, and when mechanisms governing their regulation are disrupted they may contribute to disease progression. (embl.de)
Betacellulin (BTC) belongs to the epidermal growth factor (EGF) family of peptide ligands that are characterised by a six-cysteine consensus motif that forms three intra-molecular disulfide bonds crucial for binding the ErbB receptor family. (embl.de)
xP2, a new member of the P-domain peptide family of potential growth factors, is synthesized in Xenopus laevis skin. (xenbase.org)

Similar effects of MUC5B and other mucins have been demonstrated with other pathogens, such as Candida albicans, Helicobacter pylori, and even HIV. (wikipedia.org)
Mucin 1 (Muc1) exhibits protective action by binding to pathogens and is also associated with cell signaling capacity. (sigmaaldrich.com)

SARS-CoV-2 is a single-stranded, enveloped, and positive-sense RNA virus that belongs to the β-coronavirus genus, within the Coronaviridae family. (breathinglabs.com)
Zika virus(ZIKV) belongs to the family Flaviviridae and genus Flavivirus. (bvsalud.org)

Overexpression of TM mucins reduced SARS-CoV-2 infection, in comparison to cells with a non-targeting guide (NTG). (breathinglabs.com)

The dense "sugar coating" of mucins gives them considerable water-holding capacity and also makes them resistant to proteolysis, which may be important in maintaining mucosal barriers. (wikipedia.org)
The surface of the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi is covered by a dense coat of mucin-type glycoconjugates, which make a pivotal contribution to parasite protection and host immune evasion. (silverchair.com)
They found that a dense coat of mucins hindered binding and slowed down fusion. (phys.org)

N-linked oligosaccharides are also found on mucins, but in less abundance than O-linked sugars. (wikipedia.org)
Their affinities included different blood group structures and mucin oligosaccharides. (escholarship.org)

The mucin region undergoes extensive O-linked glycosylation. (rndsystems.com)

Here, we focus on the salivary mucin-7 gene ( MUC7 ) to study the evolution and functional impact of subexonic repeats. (nature.com)
These repeats can be particularly well studied in this gene because the repeats are relatively short and few in number compared to other mucins. (nature.com)

This gene encodes GalNAc transferase 7, a member of the GalNAc-transferase family. (nih.gov)
Unlike other family members, this enzyme shows exclusive specificity for partially GalNAc-glycosylated acceptor substrates and shows no activity with non-glycosylated peptides. (nih.gov)

Once a virus is successfully bound, the cell membrane folds back on itself to swallow the virus, along with the mucins and other cell surface sugars in the vicinity, to make a small bubble inside the cell, called an endosome. (phys.org)
Wild mucins are structurally varied in how long they are and what sugars decorate their branches, so the team made a series of short and long mucins that either contained or lacked sialic acid. (phys.org)

The possible contribution of mucin degrading enzymes to the pathogenesis of infection is, therefore, not to be underestimated. (bmj.com)
They found that increasing the density of mucins on the surface inhibited two major steps of influenza A infection. (phys.org)
The pair recognized their shared interest in how mucins on cell membranes affect viral infection. (phys.org)
Combined with previous research, this finding supports a theory that cells make more mucins in response to infection to make a thicker barrier that impedes the flu virus during binding and fusion. (phys.org)

MUC7 provides an opportunity to assess the broader implications of subexonic repeat variation within the context of the functional evolution of the mucin functional group and primate salivary adaptation. (nature.com)

Eleven mucins are expressed by the eye surface epithelia, goblet cells and associated glands, even though most of them are expressed at very low levels. (wikipedia.org)

CONCLUSIONS: The UACL has a unique profile of mucin gene expression. (embl.de)

Mucins have been found to have important functions in defense against bacterial and fungal infections. (wikipedia.org)
Three anaerobic bacterial strains were isolated from the digestive tract of the medicinal leech Hirudo verbana, using mucin as the primary carbon and energy source. (pacb.com)

Silencing of T-cell immunoglobulin (Ig) and mucin domain 1(TIM-1) and AXL RNAs has shown blockage of viral entry through their anti-TIM-1 and anti-AXL antibodies, hence serving as a potential target for ZIKV drug development. (bvsalud.org)

Coordinated localisation of mucins and trefoil peptides in the ulcer associated cell lineage and the gastrointestinal mucosa. (embl.de)
Evidence for coexpression of mucins and trefoil peptides has been suggested in numerous gastrointestinal mucosal pathologies. (embl.de)
Colocalisation of mucins and trefoil peptides was demonstrated by immunofluorescent colabelling in UACL and normal gastrointestinal epithelia. (embl.de)
Coordinated localisation of trefoil peptides and mucins in UACL and normal gastrointestinal epithelia suggests they may assist each others' functions in protection and repair of gastrointestinal mucosa. (embl.de)
Trefoil peptides may form dimers with each other, or associate with MUCINS and other factors. (bvsalud.org)

R torques are mucin degraders that induce an increase in other mucin-using bacteria, which can contribute to gut-barrier compromise. (medscape.com)

Mucin 1 lies on the tubular cell apical surface and has a role in signal transduction pathways. (medscape.com)

Of these mucins, the following classes have been defined by localization: Secreted mucins in humans, with their chromosomal location, repeat size in amino acids (aa), whether they are gel-forming (Y) or not (N), and their tissue expression. (wikipedia.org)
Several studies have reported conflicting and inconclusive results concerning the clinical relevance of mucin expression in gastric carcinoma. (bmj.com)
This study investigated the correlations between aberrant expression of mucins in gastric carcinoma and patient clinicopathological features. (bmj.com)
Aberrant (upregulated) expression of the MUC1 mucin has been seen in breast carcinomas and other neoplasms, such as colon and pancreatic cancers. (bmj.com)
1, 2 Most studies of MUC1 expression in breast carcinomas have shown that increased membrane MUC1 mucin expression on the apical cell surface is associated with a better prognosis (reviewed in Rahn and colleagues 2 ), whereas circumferential staining in tumour cell cytoplasm is associated with a worse prognosis. (bmj.com)
Levels of expression of breast epithelial mucin detected by monoclonal antibody BrE-3 in breast-cancer prognosis. (xenbase.org)

Sialic acids are a family of nine-carbon negatively charged carbohydrates. (tudelft.nl)
Nonulosonic acids (NulOs) are a family of acidic carbohydrates with a nine-carbon backbone, which include different related structures, such as sialic acids. (tudelft.nl)
Second, mucins often contain a specific sugar, called sialic acid, that could tether the virus to a cell and help position it to bind to receptors on the cell surface . (phys.org)
The researchers wanted to deconvolute the ways that the length of mucins, their density on the surface, and the amount of sialic acid could each help or inhibit membrane binding and fusion. (phys.org)
Glycosylated mucins might provide viral binding sites by being decorated with sialic acids. (breathinglabs.com)

Members of this family are characteristic for acidic soils. (microbiologyresearch.org)

The ECD contains oneV-type Ig-like domain and a mucin region characterized by multiple PTTTTL motifs. (rndsystems.com)

Here, we show that mutations in the Caenorhabditis elegans mucin-like gene osm-8 specifically disrupt osmoregulatory physiological processes. (prolekarniky.cz)
These mutations could also occur sporadically in which case the lack of a family history would make the diagnosis even more difficult. (medscape.com)

This study analyzed the role played by transmembrane mucins and their terminal glycans in the SARS-CoV-2 entry process in primary airway cultures and a respiratory cell line. (breathinglabs.com)

The cysteine residues participate in establishing disulfide linkages within and among mucin monomers. (wikipedia.org)

Excess accumulation and overproduction of gel-forming mucins in the lungs of SARS-CoV-2-infected patients could lead to life-threatening situations. (breathinglabs.com)

While the exact density needed to cause these changes varied based on the length of individual mucins, they observed these virus-impeding shifts in both short and long mucins. (phys.org)

In IBD, the Crohn's and Colitis Canada Genetic, Environmental, Microbial Project research consortium has been studying individuals at increased risk for Crohn's disease because of a first-degree family member with Crohn's disease. (medscape.com)
This review will focus on the structure of BTC and the various biological effects ascribed to this member of the EGF family. (embl.de)
CXCL16 is a member of the CXC chemokine family and signals through the CXCR6 receptor. (peprotech.com)
Similarly, unlike the ancestral virus, children within a household were equally as likely as adults to acquire SARS-CoV-2 from an infected family member. (cdc.gov)

When the mucins are planted close together, however, they extend straighter from the surface and create a thicker barrier that the incoming virus must navigate. (phys.org)

Research suggests that mucin 1 plays a role in the normal development of the kidneys. (medlineplus.gov)

This gene family is involved in the regulation of Th1 and Th2-cell-mediated immunity. (rndsystems.com)
CD164 is a 80-90 kDa, mucin-like molecule present on CD34+ cells during the early stages of B cell, erythroid cell and myelomonocytic cell development. (bdbiosciences.com)
Further experiments showed that when there is ample space between them, mucins of various lengths can relax on themselves and settle atop the cell surface resulting in a thin mucin coat. (phys.org)

Anatomy5

Organisms2

Chemicals and Drugs12

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment2

Phenomena and Processes2

Information Science2

Glycoproteins6

Proteins14

Genes9

MUC1 and MUC162

Protein11

Snail Mucin1

Specific mucins3

MUC5AC and MUC5B1

Extracellular6

Epithelial cells4

Mucus4

Glycoprotein4

Mucous2

MUC43

Intestinal2

Mammalian1

Membrane-bound2

Molecules1

Peptide4

Pathogens2

Belongs2

Overexpression1

Dense3

Oligosaccharides2

Glycosylation1

Repeats2

GalNAc2

Sugars2

Infection4

Salivary1

Goblet cells1

Gene expression1

Bacterial2

Immunoglobulin1

Peptides5

Bacteria1

Apical surface1

Expression6

Sialic5

Characteristic1

Motifs1

Mutations2

Glycans1

Disulfide1

Lungs1

Density1

Member4

Barrier1

Role1

Cell3