AnatomyOrganismsChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesInformation Science
Transcription FactorsTranscription, GeneticGene Expression RegulationPromoter Regions, GeneticSp1 Transcription FactorBase SequenceRNA, MessengerMolecular Sequence DataTranscriptional ActivationTrans-ActivatorsBinding SitesDNA-Binding ProteinsCell LineTranscription Initiation SiteNuclear ProteinsProtein BindingRepressor ProteinsAmino Acid SequenceDNAMutationRNA Polymerase IITranscription Factor AP-1STAT3 Transcription FactorCell NucleusSignal TransductionHeLa CellsTransfectionBasic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription FactorsTranscription Factors, TFIITranscription Factor TFIIDPlasmidsGenes, ReporterDNA-Directed RNA PolymerasesGene Expression Regulation, DevelopmentalReverse TranscriptionCloning, MolecularHomeodomain ProteinsRegulatory Sequences, Nucleic AcidBasic-Leucine Zipper Transcription FactorsCells, CulturedGene Expression Regulation, BacterialReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionChromatin ImmunoprecipitationForkhead Transcription FactorsTranscription Factor TFIIBEnhancer Elements, GeneticChromatinTranscription Factor AP-2Recombinant Fusion ProteinsGene Expression Regulation, FungalCell DifferentiationSaccharomyces cerevisiaeSTAT1 Transcription FactorYY1 Transcription FactorSp3 Transcription FactorTATA BoxKruppel-Like Transcription FactorsElectrophoretic Mobility Shift AssayGene ExpressionSaccharomyces cerevisiae ProteinsGene Expression ProfilingLuciferasesHistonesBacterial ProteinsNFATC Transcription FactorsEscherichia coliActivating Transcription Factor 2NF-kappa BOperonProtein Structure, TertiaryPhosphorylationZinc FingersGATA4 Transcription FactorCell Line, TumorActivating Transcription Factor 3Models, GeneticRNATumor Cells, CulturedE2F1 Transcription FactorBasic Helix-Loop-Helix Leucine Zipper Transcription FactorsSequence Homology, Amino AcidTCF Transcription FactorsTranscription Factor TFIIHGene Expression Regulation, ViralSTAT5 Transcription FactorGenes, RegulatorGene Expression Regulation, EnzymologicOligonucleotide Array Sequence AnalysisModels, BiologicalRestriction MappingTATA-Box Binding ProteinTranscription Factor RelADNA FootprintingGenesBlotting, NorthernPaired Box Transcription FactorsMEF2 Transcription FactorsBlotting, WesternDown-RegulationCyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein
ApoptosisNeuronalProteinGenesDifferentiationOverexpressionAutophagyHypoxiaEpithelialExpressionProteinsFibroblastsProgenitor cellCellularMechanismRegulatorsInhibitionTumorigenesisCells inducedRapidly inducedMechanismsPhosphorylationNuclearNeuronsCellKinaseAntigensKnockdownPathwaysEndogenousCancerEpidermal growth fPluripotentSerumCutaneousVivoMitochondrialActivateResponsesFindingsMiceSynthesisSOX9ActivationChronicInvolvesDose-dependent
Apoptosis19
  • Activating transcription factor-(ATF-) 3, a stress-inducible transcription factor, is rapidly upregulated under various stress conditions and plays an important role in inducing cancer cell apoptosis. (hindawi.com)
  • First, we found that GS-002 significantly inhibited cell proliferation and induced cell apoptosis in dose-dependent manners. (hindawi.com)
  • Furthermore, we found that GS-002 induced more cell apoptosis in ATF-3-overexpressing cells. (hindawi.com)
  • Recent research demonstrated that the potential to induce apoptosis through endoplasmic reticular (ER) stresses can be a target for cancer therapy. (hindawi.com)
  • Inhibition of autophagy via bafilomycin A1 aggravated H 2 O 2 -induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and apoptosis in MAC-T cells. (illinois.edu)
  • Furthermore, TFEB overexpression attenuated H 2 O 2 -induced apoptosis by downregulating the caspase apoptotic pathway. (illinois.edu)
  • Conclusions: Our results indicate that activation of TFEB mediated autophagy alleviates H 2 O 2 -induced oxidative damage by reducing ROS accumulation and inhibiting caspase-dependent apoptosis. (illinois.edu)
  • In both rat lens organ culture and mouse lens epithelial cells (MLECs), CREB promotes oxidative stress-induced apoptosis. (aging-us.com)
  • To confirm that CREB is a major player mediating the above stress response, we established stable lines of MLECs stably expressing CREB and found that they are also very sensitive to oxidative stress-induced apoptosis. (aging-us.com)
  • It was found that CREB significantly suppressed expression of the αB-crystallin gene to sensitize CREB-expressing cells undergoing oxidative stress-induced apoptosis. (aging-us.com)
  • CREB knockdown via CRISPR/CAS9 technology led to upregulation of αB-crystallin and enhanced resistance against oxidative stress-induced apoptosis. (aging-us.com)
  • Moreover, overexpression of exogenous human αB-crystallin can restore the resistance against oxidative stress-induced apoptosis. (aging-us.com)
  • Together, our results demonstrate that CREB is an important transcription factor mediating stress response, and it promotes oxidative stress-induced apoptosis by suppressing αB-crystallin expression. (aging-us.com)
  • Based on the hypothesis that alpha6beta1 is necessary for the survival of these cells in the tumor microenvironment, we report here that hypoxia protects these cells from apoptosis induced by serum deprivation and that hypoxia-mediated protection requires alpha6beta1 expression. (umassmed.edu)
  • EGF may induce a limited number of neuronal cells because it also enhanced apoptosis. (umassmed.edu)
  • New anticancer therapy strategies refer to the inhibition of CDK-cyclin complexes as an important target to prevent uncontrolled proliferation and induce apoptosis in cancer cells ( 2 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Although purvalanol-induced cell cycle arrest and apoptotic cell death were demonstrated in prostate ( 5 ), breast ( 6 ) and colon cancer cells ( 7 ), the exact molecular mechanism of purvanol-induced apoptosis has not been elucidated yet. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • LCN2 was increased by SOX9 and SIRT1 deacetylated SOX9 to promote its nuclear translocation, which further inhibited the viability of human retinal pigment epithelial cells and promoted cell apoptosis and angiogenesis as well as CNV-induced AMD formation. (hindawi.com)
  • Myc has been demonstrated also to be a potent inducer of apoptosis when expressed in the absence of serum or growth factors. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Neuronal7
  • Metadichol® Induced the Expression of Neuronal Transcription Factors in Human Fibroblast Dermal Cells. (fortunepublish.com)
  • we subsequently evaluated changes in the expression of neuronal transcription factors by qRT-PCR and immunoblotting. (fortunepublish.com)
  • We observed increased expression of critical transcription factors for neuronal development, such as ASCL1 and NGN2. (fortunepublish.com)
  • The general transcription factor, CREB has been shown to play an essential role in promoting cell proliferation, neuronal survival and synaptic plasticity in the nervous system. (aging-us.com)
  • This gene encodes a member of the zinc finger superfamily of transcription factors whose expression, thus far, has been found only in neuronal tissues. (nih.gov)
  • Forced expression of this gene in combination with the basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor NeuroD1 and the transcription factors POU class 3 homeobox 2 and achaete-scute family basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor 1 can convert fetal and postnatal human fibroblasts into induced neuronal cells, which are able to generate action potentials. (nih.gov)
  • Thus, herein we provide first evidence that neuronal motility not only depends on cytoplasmic actin dynamics but also on the availability of actin to modulate nuclear functions such as gene transcription. (jneurosci.org)
Protein15
  • Moreover, knocking-down of KMT2A reduced MeHg-induced REST mRNA and protein increase in SOD1-G93A cells. (nih.gov)
  • Finally, we found that MeHg-induced REST up-regulation triggered necropoptotic cell death, monitored by RIPK1 increased protein expression. (nih.gov)
  • GS-002 also induced endoplasmic reticular (ER) stress as evidenced by increases in ER stress-responsive proteins including glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), growth arrest- and DNA damage-inducible gene 153 (GADD153), phosphorylated eukaryotic initiation factor 2 α (eIF2 α ), phosphorylated protein endoplasmic-reticular-resident kinase (PERK), and ATF-3. (hindawi.com)
  • They showed that opposing gradients of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) and Nodal, two transforming growth factor family members that act as morphogens, are sufficient to induce molecular and cellular mechanisms required to organize, in vivo or in vitro, uncommitted cells of the zebrafish blastula animal pole into a well-developed embryo. (wikipedia.org)
  • For this purpose, genes for eight LETFs, hepatocyte nuclear factor (HNF)-1α, HNF-1β, HNF-3β, HNF-4α, HNF-6, CCAAT/enhancer binding protein (C/EBP)-α, C/EBP-β and C/EBP-γ, were obtained from the mouse liver. (elsevierpure.com)
  • The objective of the present study was to investigate the time-dependent regulation by epicatechin on the activity of the main transcription factors (NF-kB, activator protein-1 (AP-1) and nuclear transcription factor erythroid 2p45-related factor (Nrf2)) related to antioxidant defence and survival and proliferation pathways in HepG2 cells. (udl.cat)
  • Additionally, epicatechin-induced NF-kB and Nrf2 were connected to reactive oxygen species intracellular levels and to the activation of cell survival and proliferation pathways, being phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/AKT) and extracellular regulated kinase (ERK) associated to Nrf2 modulation and ERK to NF-kB induction. (udl.cat)
  • The results obtained indicate that alpha6beta1 is necessary for VEGF expression because the ability of hypoxia to activate HIF-1 and to stimulate VEGF transcription in MDA-MB-435 cells is dependent on alpha6beta1 expression by a mechanism that involves protein kinase C-alpha. (umassmed.edu)
  • Studies in osteoclast biology have led to the identification of factors responsible for the differentiation and activation of osteoclasts, the most important of which is the receptor activator of NF-kappa B ligand/osteoclast differentiation factor (RANKL/ODF), a tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-like protein. (umassmed.edu)
  • As well as, in contrast to glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)-positive glioblastomas generated utilizing the same methodology in a earlier mannequin, the vast majority of tumor cells have been constructive for oligodendrocyte lineage transcription issue 2, however destructive for GFAP and neurofilaments. (cellgenetherapy.com)
  • ChREBP is a type of protein called a transcription factor. (scienceblog.com)
  • Activated and released IRE1α acts as an RNase to initiate transcription of XBP1 mRNA and it becomes a transcriptional activator for unfolded protein response (UPR) gene targets, such as BiP and calreticulin ( 10 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • First, analyses of ltxA RNA expression from defined leukotoxin promoter mutations in the chromosome identify -69 to -35 as the key control region and indicate that an activator protein modulates leukotoxin transcription. (usda.gov)
  • Here, high mobility group box-1 (HMGB-1) protein was explored as a potential mediator of stress-induced microglial priming and whether HMGB-1 does so via the nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich repeat, pyrin domain containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome. (jneurosci.org)
  • A cardiomelic developmental field has also been postulated to relate the genetic heterogeneity of HOS (and other similar syndromes) to a cascade of molecules, including the brachyury, sonic hedgehog, bone morphogenetic protein, retinoic acid receptor, and transforming growth factor beta families. (medscape.com)
Genes6
  • Investigating astrocyte maturation in a cell culture model revealed that in vitro-differentiated astrocytes lack expression of many mature astrocyte-specific genes, including genes for the transcription factors Rorb, Dbx2, Lhx2 and Fezf2. (nature.com)
  • Here, we attempted to create genetically engineered hepatoma cells with enhanced liver functions by overexpression of liver-enriched transcription factors (LETFs), which are associated with the transcription of liver-specific genes and hepatic differentiation. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Transcription factors work in the cell nucleus to turn genes on and off in response to a signal. (scienceblog.com)
  • In an attempt to address these issues with a genetic intervention, scientists reprogrammed neurons in mouse eyes to regrow after inducing glaucoma or crushing the optic nerve, and restored visual acuity in healthy, middle-aged mice to that of younger mice by expressing a set of genes known to revert cells to a pluripotent state, according to a study published in Nature Wednesday (December 2). (the-scientist.com)
  • They looked to genes that encode transcription factors that de-differentiate cells. (the-scientist.com)
  • This overlap made us question whether the so-called epithelial-mesenchymal factors -- which activate genes associated with cell movement and migration, which are common in embryo development and are also present in metastasis -- play a role in tumour initiation," says Casanova. (sciencedaily.com)
Differentiation11
  • Here we demonstrate that an expanded p63+ and CK5+ basal/progenitor cell population, induced by the concomitant activation of oncogenic Kras(G12D) and androgen receptor (AR) signaling, underwent cell differentiation in vivo. (conicet.gov.ar)
  • Progenitors are obtained by so-called direct reprogramming or directed differentiation and are also called induced somatic stem cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • The fact that transdetermination (change of the path of differentiation) often occurs for a group of cells rather than single cells shows that it is induced rather than part of maturation. (wikipedia.org)
  • Like other TNF-family receptors and the IL-1 receptor, RANK mediates its signal transduction via TNF receptor-associated factor (TRAF) proteins, suggesting that the signaling pathways activated by RANK and other inflammatory cytokines involved in osteoclast differentiation and activation are interconnected. (umassmed.edu)
  • EGF activated the ET-R kinase and induced partial differentiation. (umassmed.edu)
  • NGF, which can bind to endogenous p75, did not induce differentiation but enhanced the EGF-induced response, leading to differentiation of almost all cells. (umassmed.edu)
  • Enhancement of EGF-induced differentiation required at least nanomolar concentrations of NGF, consistent with the low-affinity p75 binding site. (umassmed.edu)
  • ELF3 mediates IL-1α induced differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells to inflammatory iCAFs. (nih.gov)
  • Transcription factors (TFs) are critical for B-cell differentiation, affecting gene expression both by repres- sion and transcriptional activation. (lu.se)
  • Inhibitor of differentiation proteins are negative regulators of BASIC HELIX-LOOP-HELIX TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS. (bvsalud.org)
  • They inhibit CELL DIFFERENTIATION and induce CELL PROLIFERATION by modulating different CELL CYCLE regulators. (bvsalud.org)
Overexpression2
  • Methylmercury (MeHg) exposure has been related to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) pathogenesis and molecular mechanisms of its neurotoxicity has been associated to an overexpression of the Restrictive Element 1 Silencing Transcription factor (REST). (nih.gov)
  • Overexpression of TFEB activated autophagy and attenuated H 2 O 2 -induced ROS accumulation. (illinois.edu)
Autophagy2
  • Transcription factor EB (TFEB)-mediated autophagy is an important cytoprotective mechanism against oxidative stress. (illinois.edu)
  • Induction of autophagy is tightly regulated at the transcriptional level and involves the master regulator, transcription factor EB (TFEB). (biomedcentral.com)
Hypoxia4
  • Here, we show that hypoxia induces corticosteroid-insensitive inflammation via reduced transcription of histone deacetylase-2 (HDAC2) in lung epithelial and macrophage cells. (tmu.edu.tw)
  • We investigated the influence of alpha6beta1 on vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression because autocrine VEGF is necessary for the survival of serum-deprived cells in hypoxia. (umassmed.edu)
  • Hypoxia-induced ELF3 promotes tumor angiogenesis through IGF1/IGF1R. (nih.gov)
  • and (3) iron-induced hypoxia signaling. (cdc.gov)
Epithelial1
  • Nanopore Sequencing Unveils Diverse Transcript Variants of the Epithelial Cell-Specific Transcription Factor Elf-3 in Human Malignancies. (nih.gov)
Expression21
  • Furthermore, MeHg increased the expression of the transcriptional factor Sp1 and promoted its binding to REST gene promoter sequence. (nih.gov)
  • ATF-3 induces DNA synthesis and expression of cyclin D1 in hepatocytes [ 21 ] and is involved in serum-induced cell proliferation as a target gene of c-myc [ 10 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Forced expression of these factors in vitro induces distinct sets of mature astrocyte-specific transcripts. (nature.com)
  • Culturing astrocytes in a three-dimensional matrix containing FGF2 induces expression of Rorb , Dbx2 and Lhx2 and improves astrocyte maturity based on transcriptional and chromatin profiles. (nature.com)
  • Therefore, extrinsic signals orchestrate the expression of multiple intrinsic regulators, which in turn induce in a modular manner the transcriptional and chromatin changes underlying astrocyte maturation. (nature.com)
  • We show that astrocyte maturation is promoted by extrinsic signals that induce multiple transcription factors that act largely independently to regulate distinct gene expression modules that together promote a mature astrocytic phenotype. (nature.com)
  • Here, we find that forkhead family (FOXO) transcription factors are critical for activation of alternative MIE promoters during HCMV reactivation, as mutating FOXO binding sites in alternative MIE promoters decreased HCMV IE gene expression upon reactivation and significantly decreased the production of infectious virus from latently infected primary CD34+ HPCs. (bvsalud.org)
  • To understand the functional interactions between the TrkA and p75 nerve growth factor (NGF) receptors, we stably transfected LAN5 neuroblastoma cells with an expression vector for ET-R, a chimeric receptor with the extracellular domain of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and the TrkA transmembrane and intracellular domains. (umassmed.edu)
  • Yeast single and double mutants lacking RTG2 and/or certain factors regulating carbon source utilization, including MIG1 , HXK2 , ADR1 , CAT8 , and HAP4 , have been analyzed for their survival and CIT2 expression after acetic acid treatment. (microbialcell.com)
  • After translocation in the nucleus, phosphorylated STAT1 and STAT2 form a complex with IRF9 to induce expression of ISGs, such as OAS-RNase L and PKR, and establishment of an antiviral program. (cdc.gov)
  • I think one of the most exciting findings of these studies is that a single transcription factor is directly responsible for increasing expression of multiple enzymes for making fatty acids," Dr. Miller said. (scienceblog.com)
  • Taken together, CITED4 expression is necessary for exercise-induced regional remodeling of the heart's microstructural helicity revealing how a key molecular regulator of cardiac remodeling manifests into downstream local tissue-level changes. (researchgate.net)
  • Expression of transcription factor CITED4 is necessary for exercise-induced regional remodeling of the heart's microstructural helicity, revealing how a key molecular regulator of cardiac remodeling mediates local tissue-level changes. (researchgate.net)
  • Growth-cone collapse induced by ephrin-As, a family of repulsive axon guidance molecules, is impaired upon R62D expression, resulting in perseverance of ring-shaped F-actin filaments. (jneurosci.org)
  • To analyse expression of transcription factors which control the Th1 cell commitment in CD. (bmj.com)
  • Interferon γ (IFN-γ) and interleukin (IL)-4 RNA expression was examined in T lamina propria lymphocytes by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. (bmj.com)
  • However, no difference in active STAT-4 expression was seen between CD patients and controls, suggesting that Th1 polarisation was not induced by local IL-12. (bmj.com)
  • The identified transcription factors influence both the global and specific gene expression of the BCLs and have possible implications for diagnosis and treat- ment. (lu.se)
  • Expression of Myc is generally induced after mitogenic stimulation of cells or serum induction. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • Consequent abnormal expression of the cardiac and limb-specific T-box transcription factors lead to the malformations described in HOS. (medscape.com)
  • By using direct reprogramming strategies, I could induce the expression of tumor antigens on the surface of cancer cells, making them visible to the immune system again. (lu.se)
Proteins3
  • Lacking proteosomal function on aggregates of unfolded proteins, ER stress may induce autophagic machinery. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Therefore, we conclude that Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa) toxin production does not solely rely on the proteins previously identified but requires additional factors, as well. (usda.gov)
  • Thus, we have undertaken studies to identify other regulators of leukotoxin transcription and to demonstrate how these proteins work together to modulate leukotoxin synthesis. (usda.gov)
Fibroblasts3
  • In fact, several studies have shown that T2D induces senescence in multiple types of cells, including fibroblasts and endothelial cells ( 11 , 12 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • During her Master's, in the Pereira Lab, Abby identified the transcription factor combination necessary to induce plasmacytoid dendritic cell identify from fibroblasts. (lu.se)
  • In 2018, our research group identified the three transcription factors that allow us to convert fibroblasts, for example from the skin, into type 1 conventional dendritic cells (cDC1). (lu.se)
Progenitor cell1
  • They are classified as either totipotent (iTC), pluripotent (iPSC) or progenitor (multipotent - iMSC, also called an induced multipotent progenitor cell - iMPC) or unipotent - (iUSC) according to their developmental potential and degree of dedifferentiation. (wikipedia.org)
Cellular6
  • The researchers were able to identify the minimal conditions and factors that would be sufficient for starting the cascade of molecular and cellular processes to instruct pluripotent cells to organize the embryo. (wikipedia.org)
  • Among HPV-mediated cervical cancers, cellular factor BRN3A has gained considerable attention due to its role in promoting an anti-apoptotic cellular environment and in facilitating epitheliotropic transformations of the host. (ijmcmed.org)
  • Because age-related cellular senescence and type 2 diabetes (T2D) have been recognised as risk factors for CRC development, the recent finding that type 2 diabetic patients present an elevated circulating volume of senescent cells raises the question whether type 2 diabetes facilitates the process of CRC tumorigenesis by inducing premature cell senescence. (frontiersin.org)
  • In this review, we will discuss the mechanisms according to which T2D induces cellular senescence and the role of type 2 diabetes-induced cellular senescence in the pathogenesis and progression of colorectal cancer. (frontiersin.org)
  • Age-related and metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes (T2D) represent a source of cellular stress due to their disruptive effect on normal physiological processes and, therefore, can induce premature senescence ( 10 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • We focused particularly on harnessing reprogramming, or direct cellular reprogramming, to induce antigen presentation in cancer cells. (lu.se)
Mechanism6
  • Our study provides evidence of a novel mechanism mediating pathological dysregulation of basal/progenitor cells through the differential activation of the Gli transcription factors. (conicet.gov.ar)
  • The mechanism of ethylene-induced flowering is still unclear. (nature.com)
  • With the discovery of this factor, the biochemical mechanism of how carbohydrates are converted to fat has become clearer. (scienceblog.com)
  • Hence, this study is aimed at exploring the potential role of SIRT1 in choroidal neovascularization- (CNV-) induced age-related macular degeneration (AMD) development and the associated mechanism. (hindawi.com)
  • Hence, the present study was conducted to verify the hypothesis and explore the specific mechanism among SIRT1, SOX9, and LCN2 in the development of CNV-induced AMD, which will be greatly helpful to enlarge the understanding of CNV-induced AMD and to validate a novel therapy. (hindawi.com)
  • To clarify the mechanism underlying the difference in the cachexia-inducing ability of these cells, we conducted DNA microarray analysis, focusing on cell proliferation and the production of leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), a cachexia-inducing factor. (oncotarget.com)
Regulators1
  • ADR1 and CAT8 were identified as positive regulators of RTG -dependent gene transcription. (microbialcell.com)
Inhibition2
  • Phosphorylation relieves inhibition, thereby inducing activation via dimerization of the receiver modules. (nih.gov)
  • The relieving role of LCN2 inhibition on CNV-induced AMD without toxicity for mice was also demonstrated by in vivo experiments. (hindawi.com)
Tumorigenesis1
Cells induced1
  • The 85As2 cells induced cachexia more potently compared to MKN45cl85 cells. (oncotarget.com)
Rapidly induced1
  • On the other hand, ATF-3 is rapidly induced in cells treated with growth stimulators such as serum and growth factors [ 20 ]. (hindawi.com)
Mechanisms2
  • Multiple pathologic mechanisms are responsible for drug-induced pigmentation disorders. (medscape.com)
  • Both exercise-induced molecular mechanisms and physiological cardiac remodeling have been previously studied on a whole heart level. (researchgate.net)
Phosphorylation1
  • Phosphorylation induces activation of the non-conserved output domain. (nih.gov)
Nuclear2
  • Induced totipotent cells can be obtained by reprogramming somatic cells with somatic-cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). (wikipedia.org)
  • Nuclear receptor transcription factor 4a (Nr4a), which is involved in T-cell anergy, exhaustion, and regulatory T cells, were observed not only in thymocytes but in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Neurons3
Cell12
  • Interestingly, REST knockdown or treatment with the necroptosis inhibitor Necrostatin-1 (Nec) decelerated MeH-induced cell death in SOD1-G93A cells. (nih.gov)
  • Induced stem cells (iSC) are stem cells derived from somatic, reproductive, pluripotent or other cell types by deliberate epigenetic reprogramming. (wikipedia.org)
  • Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae grown on glucose undergoes programmed cell death (PCD) induced by acetic acid (AA-PCD), but evades PCD when grown in raffinose. (microbialcell.com)
  • ADR1 and CAT8 interact with RTG2 and with each other in inducing cell resistance to AA-PCD in raffinose and controlling the nature of cell death. (microbialcell.com)
  • In the absence of ADR1 and CAT8 , AA-PCD evasion is acquired through activation of an alternative factor/pathway repressed by RTG2, suggesting that RTG2 may play a function in promoting necrotic cell death in repressing conditions when RTG pathway is inactive. (microbialcell.com)
  • Fifteen micromoles of purvalanol induced a reduction in cell viability by 20 and 35% within 24 and 48 h, respectively. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • ETS transcription factor ELF3 (ESE-1) is a cell cycle regulator in benign and malignant prostate. (nih.gov)
  • T-bet and STAT-4, two Th1 promoting transcription factors, and STAT-6 and GATA-3, transcription factors which govern T helper cell type 2 (Th2) cell polarisation, were examined in duodenal biopsies by western blotting. (bmj.com)
  • Many important questions remain however regarding factors which induce and maintain Th1 cell polarisation in CD. (bmj.com)
  • Several studies have clearly demonstrated that distinct cytokine activated signalling and transcription factors regulate the commitment of a naïve T cell along the Th1 or T helper cell type 2 (Th2) phenotype, as well as maintenance of the polarised phenotype. (bmj.com)
  • In a 2016 Cell paper, a different group of scientists had activated these transcription factors in mice with progeria, a condition that causes premature aging, and found that the treatment alleviated symptoms and extended their lifespan by a matter of weeks. (the-scientist.com)
  • A risk of using Yamanaka factors in vivo is that dedifferentiation can cause cells to divide rapidly, so researchers in the Cell study only turned them on in short bursts. (the-scientist.com)
Kinase4
  • Previous studies reported that ATF-3 was induced by treating cells with antitumorigenic compounds [ 14 - 18 ] and a phosphoinositide 3-kinase inhibitor [ 19 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Treatment of cells with 10mM-epicatechin induced the NF-kB pathway in a time-dependent manner characterised by increased levels of IkB kinase (IKK) and phosphorylated inhibitor of kB subunit-a (p-IkBa) and proteolytic degradation of IkB, which was consistent with an up-regulation of the NF-kB-binding activity. (udl.cat)
  • inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1α), PRKR-like ER kinase (PERK) and activating transcription factor-6 (ATF-6). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • However, in 82As2 cells, LIF production was significantly increased by stimulation with TLR5, which was suppressed by an inhibitor of interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase-1/4, which are important factors in the TLR5 signaling pathway. (oncotarget.com)
Antigens1
  • 2012). antigens that induce airway inflammation with the release of Although many studies investigated the association between inflammatory mediators. (cdc.gov)
Knockdown1
  • Notably, Sp1 knockdown reverted MeHg-induced REST increase. (nih.gov)
Pathways1
  • These data suggest that the epicatechin-induced survival effect occurs by the induction of redox-sensitive transcription factors through a tight regulation of survival and proliferation pathways. (udl.cat)
Endogenous1
  • Thus, stressors must induce the release of an endogenous ligand within the CNS that signals via TLR2 and TLR4 to mediate neuroinflammatory sensitization produced by stressors. (jneurosci.org)
Cancer5
  • We describe a case of Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) that was induced by a single dose of pembrolizumab and successfully treated with steroids, leading to complete remission of lung cancer during the monitoring of immune response indices, including Nr4a1 mRNA. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Recently, basal levels of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) have been suggested to be predictive factors for serious irAEs in patients with lung cancer [ 5 , 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Several risk factors and pathologies, including ageing, smoking, obesity and diabetes have been associated with poor prognosis in colorectal cancer patients. (frontiersin.org)
  • Leukemia inhibitory factor via the Toll-like receptor 5 signaling pathway involves aggravation of cachexia induced by human gastric cancer-derived 85As2. (oncotarget.com)
  • Direct reprogramming strategies with cDC1-specific factors can induce antigen-presentation in cancer cells, making cancer cells visible to the immune system and easier to fight. (lu.se)
Epidermal growth f1
  • Segaert S, Van Cutsem E. Clinical signs, pathophysiology and management of skin toxicity during therapy with epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors. (medscape.com)
Pluripotent1
  • These so-called Yamanaka factors, named after biologist Shinya Yamanaka, are widely used to generate induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). (the-scientist.com)
Serum1
  • abnormally elevated serum bilirubin levels can help distinguish yellow dyspigmentation of the skin, conjunctiva, sclera, and oral mucosa from the discoloration sometimes induced by the antimalarial drugs mepacrine and quinacrine. (medscape.com)
Cutaneous2
  • In contrast to cutaneous melanomas, which are etiologically linked to sun exposure, risk factors for mucosal melanomas are unknown. (medscape.com)
  • Treatment of minocycline-induced cutaneous pigmentation with the Q-switched Alexandrite laser and a review of the literature. (medscape.com)
Vivo1
  • Hippocampal microglia were isolated 24 h later and stimulated with LPS ex vivo to probe for stress-induced sensitization of proinflammatory responses. (jneurosci.org)
Mitochondrial1
  • Purvalanol induced mitochondrial membrane potential loss, caspase-7 and caspase-3 activation and PARP cleavage following a 48 h treatment. (spandidos-publications.com)
Activate1
Responses1
  • FIT1 is a putative transcription factor that regulates iron uptake responses. (phytoab.com)
Findings1
  • These findings raised the possibility that Yamanaka factors could hold the key to counteract aging. (the-scientist.com)
Mice3
  • Mice primed with either ovalbumin or methylated BSA also showed enhanced antigen-specific immune response of both T and B cells, an immunological abnormality that exacerbated antigen-induced arthritis. (jci.org)
  • To avoid such out-of-control proliferation, which would risk causing cancerous growth, Sinclair's team eliminated one of the Yamanaka factors from their study- MYC , which is a known oncogene-and fitted the remaining three into an adeno-associated virus and injected it into mice. (the-scientist.com)
  • To test whether adult mice can regain this ability, the researchers crushed the optic nerves of some mice and induced glaucoma in another set of mice by inserting tiny beads into their eyes, then injected the virus encoding the three transcription factors into all the mice's eyes. (the-scientist.com)
Synthesis1
  • Integration host factor (IHF) binds to and represses the leukotoxin promoter but neither CRP nor IHF is responsible for the anaerobic induction of ltxA RNA synthesis. (usda.gov)
SOX93
  • Induction of SRY box transcription factor 9 (SOX9) has been shown to occur in response to kidney injury in rodents, where SOX9-positive cells proliferate and regenerate the proximal tubules of injured kidneys. (lu.se)
  • Overall, SIRT1 promoted the formation of CNV-induced AMD through SOX9 deacetylation-caused LCN2 upregulation, representing a promising target for CNV-induced AMD management. (hindawi.com)
  • Therefore, it can be hypothesized that SIRT1/SOX9/LCN2 axis may exert great functions on the progression of CNV in AMD, but their specific interactions in CNV-induced AMD remain unclear. (hindawi.com)
Activation1
  • The increase in LIF production resulting from activation of the TLR5 signaling pathway may contribute to the cachexia-inducing ability of 85As2 cells. (oncotarget.com)
Chronic2
  • The major risk factors include chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, environmental carcinogens such as aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), alcoholic cirrhosis, and inherited genetic disorder such as hemochromatosis, Wilson's disease, and tyrosinemia. (hindawi.com)
  • Chronic microwave exposure can induce cognitive deficits, and 5-HT system is involved in this effect. (frontiersin.org)
Involves1
  • The most important factor in the management of drug-induced dyspigmentation involves the identification and discontinuation of the offending drug. (medscape.com)
Dose-dependent2
  • Ethylene-induced flowering is dose dependent, with a critical threshold level of ethylene response factors needed to trigger flowering. (nature.com)
  • Kounis NG, Frangides C, Papadaki PJ, Zavras GM, Goudevenos J. Dose-dependent appearance and disappearance of amiodarone-induced skin pigmentation. (medscape.com)