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Temporal BoneBone and BonesMastoidFacial NerveFacial ParalysisOtologic Surgical ProceduresPetrous BoneEar OssiclesFacial ExpressionEar CanalBone RemodelingSkull NeoplasmsFacial Nerve DiseasesRound Window, EarFacial MusclesEar, MiddleEar NeoplasmsFacial BonesBone DensityStapesEar, InnerBone ConductionCerebrospinal Fluid OtorrheaOssicular ProsthesisCholesteatoma, Middle EarBone ResorptionLabyrinth DiseasesFacial InjuriesSkull FracturesMastoiditisBone MarrowTympanic MembraneBone NeoplasmsChondroblastomaCochleaFaceEndolymphatic SacVestibular AqueductSemicircular CanalsMeniere DiseaseBone DevelopmentTomography, X-Ray ComputedBone Marrow CellsOtolaryngologyBone DiseasesFacial AsymmetryFacial DermatosesTissue EmbeddingHearing Loss, ConductiveOtosclerosisHearing Loss, SensorineuralScala TympaniEar DiseasesCochlear ImplantationCadaverHearing LossOval Window, EarEndolymphatic DuctBone RegenerationFacial NeoplasmsHearing Loss, Mixed Conductive-SensorineuralStapes SurgeryFacial PainCatarrhiniCranial SinusesModels, AnatomicBone MatrixOsteoblastomaCochlear ImplantsOtorhinolaryngologic Surgical ProceduresEndolymphatic HydropsBone TransplantationBone Marrow TransplantationDissectionArachnoidSkullSkull BaseTympanoplastyTinnitusSpiral Ligament of CochleaNeuroma, AcousticHearing Loss, SuddenCranial Nerve NeoplasmsImaging, Three-DimensionalTemporomandibular JointBone SubstitutesCranial Nerve DiseasesScala VestibuliVertigoFractures, BoneMagnetic Resonance ImagingBone Diseases, MetabolicSiderosisOsteomaVestibule, LabyrinthEaracheCochlear Diseases
ParalysisComputed tomographyPalsyPetrous tempTumorsFractureCranialOccipitalNervesTumorSurgeryParietalSymptomsMiddle earAssessment of the temporal boneComplicationsNasal bonesInner earTemporomandibular jointEthmoid boneMusclesCochlearFrontalMandibularHistological studySphenoid boneSkull baseHRCTVestibularMandibleInvolvementDisordersInferiorInternal auditory canalSegment of the facialTympanicCanal dehiscenceClassificationWeaknessFossaClinicalInjuriesOccursTrauma
Paralysis48
Computed tomography8
  • Temporal bone computed tomography revealed expansile soft tissue densities and diffuse erosive destruction on left temporal bone ( Fig. 3 ). (ejao.org)
  • Temporal bone computed tomography. (ejao.org)
  • most patients with temporal bone fracture have a computed tomography (CT) scan of these. (medscape.com)
  • Classification of Temporal Bone Pneumatization on High-Resolution Computed Tomography: Prevalence Patterns and Implications. (cgh.com.sg)
  • Doctors use computed tomography (CT) to diagnose temporal bone fractures. (msdmanuals.com)
  • A total body computed tomography (CT) scan showed a left frontal acute epidural hematoma associated with a left optic canal and petrous bone fractures with the disappearance of the light reflex. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
  • Under the initial suspicion of a facial nerve complication stemming from chronic mastoiditis, a computed tomography (CT) of temporal bone was taken. (ejao.org)
  • On computed tomography, brain tissue protruded through a part of the ethmoid bone of his right anterior skull base, and it was diagnosed as transethmoidal-type basal encephalocele. (medscape.com)
Palsy10
  • He showed marked improvement without any treatment and there were no sequelae (House-Brackmann grade I). Three months later, he visited again for left intractable otalgia without facial palsy. (ejao.org)
  • Resolution of ear effusion and tinnitus, partial resolution of facial palsy, radiographic improvement, CF titer decreased to undetectable. (cdc.gov)
  • E4V4M6) but no remarkable facial palsy. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
  • Facial baroparesis is a palsy of the seventh cranial nerve resulting from increased pressure compressing the nerve along its course through the middle ear cavity. (biomedcentral.com)
  • A case of solitary distant metastasis of lung cancer to the temporal bone presenting as acute unilateral facial palsy complicating preexisting chronic otomastoiditis is reported. (ejao.org)
  • Metastasis;Lung cancer;Temporal bone;Facial palsy. (ejao.org)
  • A 61-year-old woman presented with a right-sided facial palsy of sudden onset. (ejao.org)
  • About 69.2% of children presented with some degree of facial palsy. (bvsalud.org)
  • Facial nerve tumors are extremely rare in children but should be considered in the differential diagnosis of facial palsy, even in newborns. (bvsalud.org)
  • Conclusion:The patients with FNS mainly presented with facial palsy and hearing loss. (bvsalud.org)
Petrous temp3
  • Fracture of the petrous temporal bone is usually classified according to the main orientation of the fracture plane and/or involvement of the otic capsule . (radiopaedia.org)
  • Temporal bone fracture is described relative to the long axis of the petrous temporal bone, which runs obliquely from the petrous apex posterolaterally through the mastoid air cells. (radiopaedia.org)
  • Head CT with petrous temporal bone fine slice (≤1 mm) multiplanar bone window reformats is the imaging modality of choice. (radiopaedia.org)
Tumors7
  • Aneurysmal bone cysts are relatively rare lesions, representing only 1% of bone tumors, and are most common in the femur, tibia, and vertebrae. (medscape.com)
  • There are several types of tumors that grow on the auditory, vestibular or facial nerves. (sinuswars.com)
  • These tumors may cause the hearing, vestibular and/or facial dysfunction. (sinuswars.com)
  • Most tumors emanating from the temporal bone directly affects the internal auditory canal and may prolepses into the auditory nerve endings. (sinuswars.com)
  • Metastatic malignant tumors of the temporal bone are relatively uncommon. (ejao.org)
  • Facial nerve schwannomas are benign tumors that arise from the Schwann cells surrounding the facial nerve. (gregorylekovic.com)
  • We provide an extensive review of clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment of primitive facial nerve tumors in children, and report 2 recent personal observations. (bvsalud.org)
Fracture11
Cranial19
  • These factors include facial and cranial abnormalities, including of the temporal bone and cochlea. (cdc.gov)
  • The chorda tympani is a nerve that branches from the facial nerve (cranial nerve VII) inside the facial canal , just before the facial nerve exits the skull via the stylomastoid foramen . (wikidoc.org)
  • Chorda tympani is a branch of the facial nerve (the seventh cranial nerve) that serves the taste buds in the front of the tongue , runs through the middle ear , and carries taste messages to the brain. (wikidoc.org)
  • Which of the following bones contribute to the calvaria (cranial vault)? (proprofs.com)
  • Cranial nerve 7 control most facial muscles including those needed to smile, blink and wrinkle the forehead. (krishnaherbals.com)
  • Temporal Bone Neoplasms and Lateral Cranial Base Surgery. (uiowa.edu)
  • The facial nerve, also known as the seventh cranial nerve, is responsible for controlling the muscles of facial expression. (gregorylekovic.com)
  • What is the Cranial Bone? (thehealthboard.com)
  • The cranial bones are eight bones that form the top part of the skull, which encloses the brain . (thehealthboard.com)
  • The cranial bones are joined by a special type of fixed joint called a suture . (thehealthboard.com)
  • Together the cranial bones form the skullcap, which is also called the calvaria . (thehealthboard.com)
  • The cranial bones are a group of eight different bones that make up the cranium or top portion of the skull. (thehealthboard.com)
  • The temporal bones, which lie beneath the temples and contain the external ear canal, are considered cranial bones. (thehealthboard.com)
  • The sphenoid bone forms a joint with each of the other cranial bones, except the occipital bone. (thehealthboard.com)
  • The ethmoid bone is the smallest and most delicate of the cranial bones. (thehealthboard.com)
  • At the cerebellopontine angle (CPA), the facial nerve is near the nervus intermedius and the eighth cranial nerve. (medscape.com)
  • Temporal bone CT and cranial MR plain & enhanced scan served well to confirm the diagnosis. (bvsalud.org)
  • Gubbels SP, Hartl RB, Crowson MG, Jenkns HA, Marsh M. Temporal bone neoplasms and lateral cranial base surgery. (medlineplus.gov)
  • The facial skeleton, consisting of bones situated between the cranial base and the mandibular region. (bvsalud.org)
Occipital6
  • sometimes it is situated in the occipital bone, or in the suture between the temporal and the occipital. (wikipedia.org)
  • Which suture separates the occipital and the two parietal bones? (proprofs.com)
  • A total body CT scan showed a thick left frontal acute epidural hematoma associated with skull fractures of the left frontal, petrous and occipital bone, the clivus, the lateral wall of the left orbit, and the maxilla. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
  • They consist of the paired temporal and parietal bones and the single frontal, sphenoid, ethmoid, and occipital bones. (thehealthboard.com)
  • They form the major joints of the skullcap with each other, the frontal bone, and the occipital bone at the rear of the skull. (thehealthboard.com)
  • At the rear of the head they form the lambdoid suture with the occipital bone and also the two squamous sutures, where they meet the temporal bones below them on either side of the head. (thehealthboard.com)
Nerves5
  • The spectrum of temporal bone trauma is extremely varied, ranging from minor concussion without functional deficits to severe blunt or penetrating trauma with multifunctional deficits that involve the auditory and vestibular nerves, the facial nerve, and the intracranial contents. (medscape.com)
  • Plan of the facial and intermediate nerves and their communication with other nerves. (wikidoc.org)
  • She specializes in the ear, the facial nerve, and the nerves and canals leading to the ear. (uic.edu)
  • TMJ syndrome, which is also sometimes called TMJ disorder, results from pressure on the facial nerves due to muscle tension or abnormalities of the bones in the area of the hinge joint between the lower jaw and the temporal bone. (encyclopedia.com)
  • While in case of a lyme disease, the facial nerves are damaged and it is found to trigger the disease. (krishnaherbals.com)
Tumor12
  • Malignant small round cell tumor (MSRCT) of temporal bone is very rare, with rapid aggressive patterns. (ejao.org)
  • Photomicrograph of left temporal bone tumor taken intraoperatively. (ejao.org)
  • They are tumor-like, vascular lesions composed of blood-filled channels frequently accompanied by multiple cystic lesions and aggressive bone destruction. (medscape.com)
  • A study of 49 cases of histopathologically confirmed secondary aneurysmal bone cysts found giant cell tumor and chondroblastoma to be the most frequent primary lesions. (medscape.com)
  • Demonstration of a solitary lesion on bone scintigraphy helps distinguish an aneurysmal bone cyst from a brown tumor or a hemophilic pseudotumor, for example. (medscape.com)
  • 3) Reports previously showed that temporal bone metastases were not observed in cancer patients in which the primary tumor was adequately treated. (ejao.org)
  • Here, we report a case of isolated distant metastasis of lung cancer to the mastoid portion of the temporal bone in a patient whose primary tumor had been treated. (ejao.org)
  • Surgical intervention by a skilled neurosurgeon like Dr. Lekovic may be necessary to remove the tumor and alleviate the pressure on the facial nerve. (gregorylekovic.com)
  • Dr. Lekovic's expertise in neurosurgery is particularly valuable in these cases, where precise surgical techniques are needed to remove the tumor while preserving facial nerve function. (gregorylekovic.com)
  • Methods:The clinical data of patients with FNS treated between January 2010 and December 2018 at Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University were retrospectively collected, including the sidedness of FNS, clinical manifestations, imaging data, the extent of tumor, clinical management, preoperative and postoperative facial nerve function. (bvsalud.org)
  • A glomus tympanum tumor is a tumor of the middle ear and bone behind the ear (mastoid). (medlineplus.gov)
  • A glomus tympanum tumor grows in the temporal bone of the skull, behind the eardrum (tympanic membrane). (medlineplus.gov)
Surgery5
  • Otologic (ear) surgery including tympanoplasty, mastoid surgery, cochlear implantation, bone anchored hearing aids, and eustachian tube balloon dilation. (valleyhealthlink.com)
  • Predictive Effect of Bone Conduction Pattern on Hearing Outcomes of Stapes Surgery. (uc.edu)
  • Mary Jo says she declined the invitation to reunite with Joey and Amy because she was in the middle of her facial reconstructive surgery. (oprah.com)
  • The study aimed to assess the various anatomical factors of temporal bone which would be helpful in contemplating specific complications faced during surgery. (ijsr.net)
  • This was a descriptive and retrospective cross-sectional study conducted in the Oto-Rhino-Laryngology and Cervico-Facial Surgery departments of the University Hospital of Brazzaville and the Talangai reference hospital. (bvsalud.org)
Parietal6
  • Sagittal separates the two parietal bones. (proprofs.com)
  • Coronal separates the frontal bone from the two parietal. (proprofs.com)
  • the posterior runs lateralward and backward across the temporal squama and passes on to the parietal near the middle of its lower border. (bartleby.com)
  • The two parietal bones make up much of the vault, or top of the skull. (thehealthboard.com)
  • The parietal bones interlock with each other at the sagittal suture at the crest of the head, which runs from front to back. (thehealthboard.com)
  • The temporal bones are located opposite each other below the parietal bones. (thehealthboard.com)
Symptoms4
  • Some patients also suffer from neurological symptoms such as severe headache, pain in the neck, facial tingling, loss of memory, imbalance, ipsilateral limb weakness, ipsilateral parasthesias etc. (krishnaherbals.com)
  • When a known cancer patient whose primary disease is controlled presents with otologic symptoms and a history of chronic mastoid infection, metastatic carcinoma of the temporal bone must be considered as an uncommon, but possible diagnosis. (ejao.org)
  • Eagle's syndrome is a pathology characterized by an abnormally long styloid process temporal bone or by calcification of the stylohyoid ligament, presenting painful symptoms in the cervical-facial region. (bvsalud.org)
  • 10551 ='Rib pain' 10552 ='Side pain, flank pain' 10553 ='Groin pain' 10554 ='Facial pain' 10600 ='Pain and related symptoms, generalize. (cdc.gov)
Middle ear4
  • Rather than leave the skull with the facial nerve, the chorda tympani travels through the middle ear , where it runs from posterior to anterior across the tympanic membrane . (wikidoc.org)
  • Investigations in temporal bone, in middle-ear models and from the middle ear of the guinea pig led to the assumption, that inverse impedance changes be related to coupling phenomenons of the tympanic-membrane and the ossicles. (thieme-connect.com)
  • Impaired baroregulation of the Eustachian tube coincides with a defect in the wall of the facial nerve canal, likely resulting in ischemic compression of CN VII in the middle ear cavity. (biomedcentral.com)
  • A literature search yielded ten published case reports of facial baroparesis associated with high altitude (excluding patients with a history of middle ear structural abnormalities or postoperative complications), most of which were either acutely self-resolving or treated medically. (biomedcentral.com)
Assessment of the temporal bone2
  • However, the initial assessment of the temporal bone trauma in the emergency department by the emergency personnel and the trauma team is critically important. (medscape.com)
  • 1 Preoperative assessment of the temporal bone and inner ear structures is crucial to check the feasibility of implantation and predict the outcome. (ajnr.org)
Complications2
  • This is also why a thorough understanding of the etiology, classification, complications, and treatment of temporal bone fractures is mandatory for healthcare professionals involved in the care of individuals with such injuries. (medscape.com)
  • Early identification of temporal bone trauma is essential to managing the injury and avoiding complications. (radiopaedia.org)
Nasal bones2
  • The Nasion is the point at which the frontal and nasal bones meet. (proprofs.com)
  • While some consider the facial bones to comprise the hyoid (HYOID BONE), palatine (HARD PALATE), and zygomatic (ZYGOMA) bones, MANDIBLE, and MAXILLA, others include also the lacrimal and nasal bones, inferior nasal concha, and vomer but exclude the hyoid bone. (bvsalud.org)
Inner ear3
  • Temporal bone fractures can cause various injuries to the middle and inner ear. (msdmanuals.com)
  • and damage to the ossicles (the chain of small bones that connects the eardrum to the inner ear), the cochlea (the organ of hearing), the vestibular apparatus (the organ of balance in the inner ear), or the nerve that controls muscles of the face (facial nerve). (msdmanuals.com)
  • Hearing loss Hearing Loss and Deafness may result from damage to the three tiny bones (called the ossicles) that connect the eardrum to the inner ear or from damage to the cochlea or the nerve that leads to the cochlea. (msdmanuals.com)
Temporomandibular joint4
Ethmoid bone1
  • The ethmoid bone is a thin bone situated within the skull in front of and somewhat above the sphenoid bone. (thehealthboard.com)
Muscles3
Cochlear4
  • It houses many vital structures, including the cochlear and vestibular end organs, the facial nerve, the carotid artery, and the jugular vein. (medscape.com)
  • She has created multi-disciplinary programs for evaluation and care of patients with cochlear implants, vestibular and balance problems, and facial nerve weakness. (uic.edu)
  • This retrospective multicenter study included 51 patients with cochlear implants and postoperative imaging via temporal bone cone-beam CT ( n = 32 ears) or multidetector CT ( n = 19 ears) between 2012 and 2017. (ajnr.org)
  • We evaluated the visualization quality of single electrode contacts, the scalar position of the electrodes, cochlear walls, mastoid facial canal, metallic artifacts (using a 4-level visual score), and the ability to measure the insertion angle of the electrodes. (ajnr.org)
Frontal4
  • it is usually completed laterally by the orbital plate of the frontal bone. (bartleby.com)
  • The frontal bone forms the forehead and the tops of the eye sockets. (thehealthboard.com)
  • The frontal bone contains the frontal sinuses and also forms a part of the structure that holds the frontal lobes of the brain. (thehealthboard.com)
  • They are joined with the frontal bone at the coronal suture, which runs from left to right over the skull. (thehealthboard.com)
Mandibular1
  • El esqueleto facial está constituido por los huesos situados entre la base del cráneo y la región mandibular. (bvsalud.org)
Histological study1
  • This is the first histological study of temporal bones to report a prevalence of this vascular anomaly. (uandes.cl)
Sphenoid bone1
  • Viewed from the sides, the sphenoid bone appears to be two bones, but is actually one bone that spans completely across the front of the skull. (thehealthboard.com)
Skull base2
HRCT2
  • HRCT Temporal bone was performed on PHILLIPS Brilliant ICT 256 CT scanner while MRI was done on 1.5 Tesla MRI scanner. (ijsr.net)
  • Conclusion: Radiological scoring and grading system based on HRCT and MRI temporal bone imagingcan prove a useful, systematic and helpfultool to surgeons for anticipating the level of surgical difficulty and plan accordingly. (ijsr.net)
Vestibular1
Mandible2
Involvement2
  • Contemporary CT imaging will be able to identify temporal bone fractures, including the type and direction, as well as the presence or absence of otic capsular involvement and the involved segment of temporal bone. (medscape.com)
  • Cross-sectional imaging may be useful in defining the extent of spinal, thoracic cage, and pelvic bone involvement but may not increase the specificity to a large extent. (medscape.com)
Disorders2
  • Researchers need your medical records to correlate and link your ear disorders to the changes they find in your donated temporal bones. (masseyeandear.org)
  • The missing reflectory component of the impedance change in deafness, in otosclerosis and in facial nerve disorders mostly causes an inverse impedance change. (thieme-connect.com)
Inferior1
  • Post-operative healing and long-term stability after mastoid cavity reconstruction using the middle temporal artery and inferior musculoperiosteal flaps. (cgh.com.sg)
Internal auditory canal1
  • The left hearing was lost entirely, and the facial nerve was surgically exposed from the internal auditory canal to the stylomastoid foramen through the translabyrinthine approach. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
Segment of the facial2
  • A rare phenomenon, facial baroparesis is thought to result from ischemic neuropraxia of CN VII as it passes through the tympanic segment of the facial (Fallopian) canal. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The geniculate ganglion was the most commonly affected segment of the facial nerve. (bvsalud.org)
Tympanic2
  • The tympanic antrum is bounded above by a thin plate of bone, the tegmen tympani, which separates it from the middle fossa of the base of the skull, below by the mastoid process, laterally by the squama just below the temporal line, and medially by the lateral semicircular canal of the internal ear, which projects into its cavity. (wikipedia.org)
  • After a diagnosis of facial nerve baroparesis was made, the patient underwent myringotomy with insertion of a pressure equalization tube (PET) into the right tympanic membrane. (biomedcentral.com)
Canal dehiscence3
  • A total of 1000 temporal bones were used to study the prevalence of facial canal dehiscence and of persistent stapedial artery in detail. (uandes.cl)
  • Of the temporal bones studied, 560 (56%) contained at least one facial canal dehiscence. (uandes.cl)
  • Facial canal dehiscence is a variant anatomic finding: In one anatomic series, facial nerve exposure was found in 12-26% of temporal bones [ 12 , 13 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Classification1
Weakness1
  • This is more common in severe infections and can result in sudden facial weakness. (gregorylekovic.com)
Fossa1
  • The lateral parts of the middle fossa are of considerable depth, and support the temporal lobes of the brain. (bartleby.com)
Clinical2
  • Good clinical response, with return of function to facial nerve almost entirely in all branches. (cdc.gov)
  • Results:The major clinical manifestations of the 32 patients with FNS were facial palsyï¼ 27, 84.4%ï¼ , hearing lossï¼ 27, 84.4%ï¼ , tinnitusï¼ 22, 68.8%ï¼ , ear massï¼ 15, 46.9%ï¼ , and stuffy feeling in the earï¼ 13, 40.6%ï¼ respectively. (bvsalud.org)
Injuries2
  • In the adult population, approximately 90% of temporal bone fractures are associated with concurrent intracranial injuries and 9% with cervical spine injuries. (medscape.com)
  • In addition to potential damage to hearing and the facial nerve, associated intracranial injuries, such as extra-axial hemorrhage , diffuse axonal injury and cerebral contusions are common. (radiopaedia.org)
Occurs1
  • Other causes of TMJ syndrome include infection of the joint, cancer , and bone deformity that occurs at birth. (emedicinehealth.com)
Trauma2
  • [ 2 ] Therefore, management of the temporal bone trauma may not be the first priority. (medscape.com)
  • The most common tests used today in the evaluation of trauma to the facial nerve are maximum stimulation, nerve excitability, electroneurography (ENOG), and electromyography. (medscape.com)