Facial and pharyngeal muscles. Medical search. Frequent questions

The ascending pharyngeal artery arises from the medial origin of the ECA while the superior thyroid and occipital arteries arise from respective anterior and posterior borders. (neurosurgicalatlas.com)

These three muscles are the superior pharyngeal in the oropharynx, the middle pharyngeal constrictor in the laryngopharynx, and the inferior pharyngeal constrictor also in the laryngopharynx. (databasefootball.com)
The middle pharyngeal constrictor, the digastric, the omohyoid, and other muscles are located in close proximity. (healthline.com)

pharyngeal arches (also called branchial or visceral arches). (medlineplus.gov)
Pharyngeal arches (branchial arches) provide nerve, artery, bone and muscle to the craniofacial development. (theplasticsfella.com)

Tissue layers in the six pairs of pharyngeal arches give rise to the muscles, arteries, nerves, and cartilage of the face and neck. (medlineplus.gov)
The ECA primarily supplies blood to the face and includes branches of the superior thyroid and ascending pharyngeal arteries. (medscape.com)
Blood is supplied to the pharynx through the following arteries (external carotid arteries): lingual artery, pharyngeal artery, maxillary artery, and facial artery. (databasefootball.com)
Which of the following arteries arise from the first part of the Subclavian artery (as it courses medial to the Scalenus Anterior muscle)? (docsbay.net)
The courses of the inferior alveolar, facial, and lingual arteries and their branches are reviewed. (allenpress.com)
Management of hemorrhage from a branch of the lingual or facial arteries may require an extraoral approach for ligation, because the mylohyoid, sublingual, and submental arteries can anastomose and be anatomically variable as well. (allenpress.com)
This article discusses what procedures to perform to obtund bleeding from1 of these arteries and the technique of performing an emergency tracheotomy.INTRODUCTIONhree arteries that providethe major blood supply tothe mandible are importantfor dental implantology.These are the lingual, facial,and inferior alveolararteries. (allenpress.com)
Uncontrolledbleeding from the lingual artery,if left unchecked, may cause anexpanding ecchymosis that could compromisethe airway and/or blood volumeand may result in fatality.REVIEW OF THE ANATOMYLingual arteryThe lingual artery arises from the externalcarotid artery between the superiorthyroid and facial arteries (Figures1, 2, and 3). (allenpress.com)

Conclusions: Surgical advancement of the mandible increases the size of the pharyngeal airway space. (bvsalud.org)
The posterior movement of mandible was known as the main cause of the changes in the pharyngeal airway space (PAS) and the postoperative obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). (springeropen.com)
SSRO can change the position of mandible which improves occlusion and facial profile. (springeropen.com)
In addition, the tongue and hyoid bone are directly connected to the distal segment of mandible by muscles such as genioglossus muscle, geniohyoid muscle, and mylohyoid muscle. (springeropen.com)
A perforation of the facial orlingual cortex of the mandible and aseverance of a branch of 1 of these arteriesduring an osteotomy may resultin a life-threatening situation. (allenpress.com)

The greater occipital nerve, the dorsal ramus of C2, is shown emerging from the lower border of the obliquus capitis inferior muscle and provides sensory innervation to most of the posterior scalp. (neurosurgicalatlas.com)
The stapedius muscle is the tiny muscle in the middle ear that attaches to the posterior aspect of the neck of the stapes , which when contracted dampens vibrations passed to the cochlea via the oval window . (radiopaedia.org)
2. the retromandibular (posterior facial) vein, formed by the junction of the superficial temporal and maxillary veins. (rxdentistry.net)
The nasal pharynx is the home of the pharyngeal tonsils and the adenoids, which are on the posterior wall. (databasefootball.com)
In cephalometric tracing, the PAS was assessed by measuring the distance from the lower portion of the soft palate to the posterior pharyngeal wall (UP-PHW) and from the tongue base to the posterior pharyngeal wall (TB-PHW). (bvsalud.org)

FSHD pathology includes weakness of pharyngeal arch-derived facial muscles and somite-derived scapulohumeral muscles. (fshfriends.org)
Mesoderm of second pharyngeal arch. (earthslab.com)
Muscles of Facial Expression are unique in that they migrate to their destinations about the scalp, neck, and mostly about the face from second pharyngeal arch mesenchyme and thus receive their motor innervation via the facial nerve (CN VII), the nerve of the second arch. (rxdentistry.net)
The muscles of the face (and scalp) are derived from the second pharyngeal arch (hyoid arch) mesenchyme that migrates to its final destination. (rxdentistry.net)
The head and neck structures are more than just the face, and are derived from pharyngeal arches 1 - 6 with the face forming from arch 1 and 2 and the frontonasal prominence. (edu.au)
To know the main structures derived from components of the pharyngeal arches (groove, pouch and arch connective tissue). (edu.au)
Expression analysis of mir23b and mir133b in zebrafish suggests that mir23b is expressed in the pharyngeal arch, otic vesicle, and trunk muscle while mir133b is similarly expressed in head and trunk muscle. (zfin.org)

The VitalStim® Plus Electrotherapy System is a 2 or 4 Channel electrotherapy system used in treating patients with oral-pharyngeal dysfunctions (dysphagia) and disorders of the head and neck. (org.pk)
It is very important to recognize that altering VDO should consider normalized healthy rest vertical dimensions, temporomandibular joint (condyle disc ) entrapment and derangement problems, bite force muscle recruitment abilities, effects of crown to root ratio tooth loading, intra oral tongue space parameters of the oral pharyngeal swallowing mechanism and neuromuscular adaptation ability (wide accommodative vs. narrow accommodative) of each individual. (occlusionconnections.com)

Medially -lies the styloid process and its muscles separating the parotid from the internal jugular vein, internal carotid artery, last four cranial nerves and the lateral wall of the pharynx. (rxdentistry.net)
What Are the Muscles in the Pharynx? (databasefootball.com)
There are several muscles in the pharynx that can generally be divided into two different structures: the outer circular layer and the inner longitudinal layer. (databasefootball.com)
This layer has three muscles that run along the pharynx. (databasefootball.com)
This is thanks to the circular muscles in the pharynx and their contractions. (databasefootball.com)
The cavity within the pharyngeal arches forms the pharynx. (edu.au)
5. _____ The Styloid process extends from the inferior surface of the temporal bone and is origin of muscles that move the tongue, pharynx and hyoid bone. (docsbay.net)
11. _____ The Salpingopharyngeus muscle takes origin from the auditory tube and acts to raise the pharynx in swallowing. (docsbay.net)

Vocal cord paresis, also known as recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis or vocal fold paralysis, is an injury to one or both recurrent laryngeal nerves (RLNs), which control all intrinsic muscles of the larynx except for the cricothyroid muscle. (wikipedia.org)
Bell palsy, often known as idiopathic facial paralysis, is the most common cause of unilateral facial paralysis. (rnspeak.com)
Bell palsy is caused by unilateral inflammation of the seventh cranial nerve, which results in weakness or paralysis of the facial muscle on the affected side. (rnspeak.com)
Bell palsy may also be secondary to autoimmune reactions that cause the facial nerve to demyelinate, resulting in unilateral facial paralysis. (rnspeak.com)
Bell's palsy is responsible for 60 to 75% of occurrences of acute unilateral facial paralysis. (rnspeak.com)
Bilateral simultaneous Bell's palsy is uncommon, accounting for just 23% of bilateral facial paralysis instances. (rnspeak.com)
Pseudobulbar paralysis (supranuclear bulbar paralysis) is a syndrome characterized by paralysis of the muscles innervated by V, VII, IX, X, XII by the cranial nerves, as a result of bilateral damage to the cortical-nuclear pathways to the nuclei of these nerves. (web.app)
paralysis or palsy (pôl`zē), complete loss or impairment of the ability to use voluntary muscles, usually as the result of a disorder of the nervous system. (web.app)
In myasthenic crisis a paralysis of the respiratory muscles occurs, necessitating assisted ventilation to sustain life. (doctorbhatia.com)
Damage to the nerve may leave the patient with a permanent paresis or paralysis of the frontalis muscle, resulting in a brow ptosis. (earthslab.com)
Paralysis of the facial nerve of right side beginning with faceache and facial neuralgia, with twitching and trembling of the muscles of the face, agg. (homeoint.org)
Paralysis of this muscle leads to a hypersensitivity to loud noises ( hyperacusis ). (radiopaedia.org)

The expression of Tbx1 (pharyngeal mesoderm and endoderm) is shown in blue, Isl1 (second heart field and pharyngeal epithelia) in green, Vegfr2 (endothelial cells) in red and nuclei in grey. (univ-amu.fr)

The primary larynx-related functions of the mainly efferent nerve fiber RLN, include the transmission of nerve signals to the muscles responsible for regulation of the vocal folds' position and tension to enable vocalization, as well as the transmission of sensory nerve signals from the mucous membrane of the larynx to the brain. (wikipedia.org)
The motor function of the facial nerve controls the upper and lower facial muscles. (rnspeak.com)
Normally, messages from nerve cells in the brain, called upper motor neurons, are transmitted to nerve cells in the brainstem and spinal cord called lower motor neurons and from there to particular muscles. (advancedpsy.com)
It occurs when specific nerve cells in the cerebral cortex (the grey matter of the brain) that control voluntary movement gradually degenerate, causing the muscles under their control to weaken. (advancedpsy.com)
The inferior alveolar nerve gives rise to the mylohyoid nerve, motor to the mylohyoid and anterior digastric muscles. (neurosurgicalatlas.com)
The hypoglossal nerve emerges between the IJV and proximal part of the ECA and courses forward superficial to the hyoglossus muscle. (neurosurgicalatlas.com)
The superior root of the ansa cervicalis (containing C1 nerve fibers) leaves the epineurial sheath of the hypoglossal and descends in the neck where it unites with the inferior root to supply motor innervation to most of the infrahyoid muscles. (neurosurgicalatlas.com)
Like the other muscles of facial expression, the frontalis muscle is innervated by a branch of the facial nerve . (earthslab.com)
Unlike with other branches of the facial nerve, there is no redundancy in the innervation of the frontalis muscle. (earthslab.com)
A single branch, the frontal nerve, innervates the frontalis muscle. (earthslab.com)
Temporal branch of facial nerve. (earthslab.com)
The frontalis muscle is innervated by a branch of which nerve? (earthslab.com)
It is supplied by a small branch from the facial nerve . (radiopaedia.org)
The parotid and its surrounds in a schematic horizontal section-the facial nerve is the most superficial of the structures traversing the gland. (rxdentistry.net)
the parotid gland develops in the crotch formed by the two major branches of the facial nerve. (rxdentistry.net)
The facial nerve emerges from the stylomastoid foramen, winds laterally to the styloid process and can then be exposed in the inverted V between the bony part of the external auditory meatus and the mastoid process. (rxdentistry.net)
This has a useful surface marking, the intertragic notch of the ear, which is situated directly over the facial nerve. (rxdentistry.net)
The branches of the nerve then emerge on the anterior aspect of the parotid to lie on the masseter, thence to pass to the muscles of the face. (rxdentistry.net)
Considering the origin of these muscles, it is not surprising that they receive motor innervation from branches of the facial nerve (CN VII). (rxdentistry.net)
The outer circular layer is made up of three incomplete circular muscles that are innervated by the vagus nerve or nervus vagus. (databasefootball.com)
HFS involves compression at the seventh cranial nerve and is characterized by involuntary, irregular, unilateral twitching of facial muscles [2]. (heraldopenaccess.us)
GPN manifests as sharp, stabbing pulses of pain in the auricular and pharyngeal regions caused by neurovascular compression at the root exit zone of the glossopharyngeal nerve [1]. (heraldopenaccess.us)
Dynamic facial nerve palsy reconstruction involves nerve grafts, nerve transfers, muscle transfers or muscle flaps. (theplasticsfella.com)

There are several factors that can disrupt the normal development of the first and second pharyngeal arches and lead to craniofacial microsomia. (medlineplus.gov)
It is not well understood why certain disruptions to development affect the first and second pharyngeal arches in particular. (medlineplus.gov)
To understand the formation and contribution of the pharyngeal arches to face and neck development. (edu.au)

The anatomic structural remodeling of the pharyngeal airway was measured using MRI, including the lager retropalatal distance ( P = 0.018) and shorter length of soft palate ( P = 0.044) compared with the baseline. (frontiersin.org)
Multiple imaging modalities have been used to study the airway passage and have demonstrated anatomical differences between patients with and without OSAS for physiologic dysfunction of muscles ( 10 , 11 ). (frontiersin.org)
Recent studies have demonstrated that training the upper airway muscles can ameliorate moderate OSAS ( 14 , 15 ). (frontiersin.org)
Aim: To evaluate the increase of pharyngeal airway space (PAS) in patients undergoing mandibular advancement. (bvsalud.org)
For this reason, many studies have been reported the effects of SSRO setback surgery to the pharyngeal airway space (PAS). (springeropen.com)

3, 4] Usually, it begins in the axial muscles and extends to the proximal limb muscles, but the severity of the limb muscle involvement may overwhelm the axial muscle involvement (stiff limb syndrome). (medscape.com)
The muscles that control breathing and neck and limb movements can also be affected. (doctorbhatia.com)
When upper motor neurons are affected the manifestations include spasticity or stiffness of limb muscles and overactivity of tendon reflexes such as knee and ankle jerks. (advancedpsy.com)
BACKGROUND: Oculopharyngodistal myopathy (OPDM) is an autosomal dominant adult-onset degenerative muscle disorder characterized by ptosis, ophthalmoplegia and weakness of the facial, pharyngeal and limb muscles. (bvsalud.org)

initially 85% of patients have involvement of the eyelids and extraocular muscles, resulting in ptosis and/or diplopia. (medscape.com)

Muscle weakness and atrophy occur disproportionately on both sides of the body. (advancedpsy.com)
Symptoms include pharyngeal muscle weakness (muscles that are involved in swallowing), weak facial muscles, progressive loss of speech, and tongue muscle atrophy. (advancedpsy.com)
Examination of the intrinsic muscles of the tongue may show little atrophy but, when tested, patients may show limited ability to change the shape of the tongue, such as making it narrower or broader. (docsbay.net)

The facial characteristics in craniofacial microsomia typically include underdevelopment of one side of the upper or lower jaw (maxillary or mandibular hypoplasia), which can cause dental problems and difficulties with feeding and speech. (medlineplus.gov)
The inferior alveolar and lingual nerves descend on the surface of the medial pterygoid muscle to the mandibular canal and floor of the mouth, respectively. (neurosurgicalatlas.com)

Deep neck musculature has been removed to show portions of the suboccipital muscles: obliquus capitis inferior and superior, which have common attachments to the transverse process of the atlas vertebra. (neurosurgicalatlas.com)
The SLP attaches the electrodes to the targetted muscles of the neck. (org.pk)
A small muscle, the thyrohyoid looks like a vertical extension of the sternothyroideus muscle within the neck. (healthline.com)

A member of the infrahyoid group of muscles, the thyrohyoid muscle elevates the thyroid gland while depressing the hyoid bone. (healthline.com)
The hyoid bone itself is a curved structure in the throat made up of a central body and areas where muscles and ligaments attach, called the greater and lesser cornu. (healthline.com)

Which of the following cranial nerves provide innervation to muscles originating from the styloid process? (docsbay.net)

This can occur in any area or junctions including the oral cavity, the pharyngeal cavity, the esophagus and the gastro-esophageal section. (org.pk)

Immunofluorescence showing gene expression in the heart and adjacent pharyngeal apparatus in a sagittal section of a mouse embryo at embryonic day 9.5. (univ-amu.fr)

Myasthenia Gravis (MG) is a disorder of neuromuscular transmission in which autoantibodies against nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (AChRs) at the neuromuscular junction results in reduction of AChRs and muscle weakness ( Lindstrom et al. (animalscipublisher.com)
It provides neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) of the involved muscles to improve the function of swallowing. (org.pk)

Then, blood is drained into the internal jugular vein (IJV) by the venous pharyngeal plexus. (databasefootball.com)

What you can see in the face of someone who is not breathing correctly and who's not using their oral-facial musculature correctly, is more long growth or more narrow growth. (alternativehealthtools.com)

Most people with craniofacial microsomia have differences in the size and shape of facial structures between the right and left sides of the face (facial asymmetry). (medlineplus.gov)

It then passes deep to the mylohyoid muscle to supply motor innervation to the intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of the tongue, except palatoglossus. (neurosurgicalatlas.com)
Imaging of the mylohyoid muscle: separation of submandibular and sublingual spaces. (radiopaedia.org)

A syndrome characterized by DYSARTHRIA, dysphagia, dysphonia, impairment of voluntary movements of tongue and facial muscles, and emotional lability. (web.app)
Which of the following intrinsic muscles of the tongue make the tongue narrower? (docsbay.net)

[ 1 ] The involvement of the facial muscles results in changes in expression and speech, whereas involvement of the pharyngeal muscles results in progressive difficulty with mastication and deglutition. (medscape.com)
In many cases, aberrant gene expression results in either a reduction in the number of neural crest cells (NCCs) that reach the frontonasal region and form much of the facial skeleton or subsequent failure of NCC patterning and differentiation into bone and cartilage. (zfin.org)
Jaw and facial muscles relax with the expression becoming peaceful. (surenapps.com)

An active trigger point in the frontalis muscle belly is identified by flat palpation as spot tenderness above the medial end of the eyebrow. (earthslab.com)
On the medial surface of the manubrium, near its upper extremity, is a slight projection for the attachment of the tendon of the tensor tympani muscle. (co.ma)

These muscles receive innervation from a number of cranial nerves. (docsbay.net)

This is accomplished by the coordination of over 30 nerves and muscles. (doctorable.com)

In patients whose respiratory muscles are already weak, crises may be triggered by infection, fever, an adverse reaction to medication, or emotional stress. (doctorbhatia.com)
The frontalis muscle lifts the brows and is a weak retractor of the upper eyelids . (earthslab.com)

Aside from facial diplegia, which is found in at least half of the cases, involvement of extraocular muscles has been described. (medlink.com)

Symptoms may include difficulty with balance, weakness and stiffness in the legs, clumsiness, spasticity in the legs which produces slowness and stiffness of movement, dragging of the feet and facial involvement resulting in dysarthria. (advancedpsy.com)

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is also called Lou Gehrig's disease and is a progressive, ultimately fatal disorder that eventually disrupts signals to all voluntary muscles. (advancedpsy.com)
In the infratemporal fossa the lateral pterygoid muscle has been removed. (neurosurgicalatlas.com)
An active trigger point in the occipitalis muscle belly lies in a small hollow just above the superior nuchal line approximately 4 cm (1.5 inch) lateral to the midline. (earthslab.com)

Opposite the sixth cervical vertebra the omo-hyoid muscle and the sterno-mastoid branch of the superior thyreoid artery cross superficial to the carotid artery, which is overlapped, above the omohyoid muscle, by the anterior border of the sterno-mastoid and by cervical lymph glands. (co.ma)

Approximately 75% of patients with classic ALS also develop weakness and wasting of the bulbar muscles, which control speech, swallowing and chewing. (advancedpsy.com)
The disorder progresses gradually over years and usually affects the legs first, followed by the trunk, arms and hands and finally the bulbar muscles. (advancedpsy.com)
The bulbar muscles are affected most commonly and most severely, but most patients also develop some degree of fluctuating generalized weakness. (medscape.com)
In 15-20% of patients, myasthenia gravis affects the bulbar muscles alone. (medscape.com)

The fibrous aponeurosis becomes the frontalis muscle inferior to the hairline. (earthslab.com)
The inferior pharyngeal, itself, is divided into superior and inferior components. (databasefootball.com)

VitalStim® helps in the management of dysphagia by NMES of cervical muscles. (org.pk)

Changes in facial skeleton produced by the surgery affect the bones of the facial skeleton and their relationship with soft tissues. (bvsalud.org)
An aspect to be considered is the impact of the skeleton movement on the pharyngeal airspace (PAS) of patients undergoing orthognathic surgery 1-2 . (bvsalud.org)
In this context, it is observed that the movement of the facial skeleton produces changes in the tension of the soft tissues and muscles inserted in the jaw. (bvsalud.org)

MG is a disorder which appears with exercise and is characterized by fatigue in skeletal muscles ( Fluckiger , 1978). (animalscipublisher.com)

Stiff person syndrome usually begins insidiously in the axial muscles. (medscape.com)

[ 6 ] Patients with myasthenia gravis do not present with primary complaints of sleepiness or muscle pain. (medscape.com)

The primary aim of the current study was to assess the effects of oropharingeal muscle exercises in obstruction severity on stroke patients with OSAS. (frontiersin.org)
Hence, oropharyngeal muscle exercise is a promising alternative treatment strategy for stroke patients with moderate OSAS. (frontiersin.org)
Electromyographic findings suggest reduced pharyngeal muscles and lingualis motility in patients with ischemic stroke ( 12 , 13 ). (frontiersin.org)
The degree of muscle weakness involved in MG varies greatly among patients, ranging from a localized form, limited to eye muscles (ocular myasthenia), to a severe or generalized form in which many muscles - sometimes including those that control breathing - are affected. (doctorbhatia.com)
Patients lose strength and the ability to move the arms, legs and body while other symptoms include spasticity, exaggerated reflexes, muscle cramps, fasciculations, and problems with swallowing and forming words. (advancedpsy.com)
When muscles of the diaphragm and chest wall fail to function properly patients lose the ability to breathe without mechanical support. (advancedpsy.com)
Although VDO is commonly observed amongst many TMD patients it is often deficient in the occlusally pathologic patient, e.g., the lower one third of the face, upper to lower anterior teeth relationships, orthodontic cephalometric vertical norms and masticatory muscle jaw posturing parameters can help further define those deficiencies with objective evidence based on known normative values. (occlusionconnections.com)
however, 20% of patients might experience se- case demographics, distinctive clinical features suggestive vere disease, including facial swelling, hepatic and renal of Lassa fever, time from patient seeking care to clinical abnormalities, pulmonary edema, and hemorrhage. (cdc.gov)

The depressor labii inferioris muscle is a four-sided facial muscle located in the jaw area that draws the lower lip down and to the side. (healthline.com)

The facial artery courses superficial to the hyoglossus and on the deep surface of the submandibular gland (not present) before emerging onto the face. (neurosurgicalatlas.com)

it is also crossed, deep to the muscles, by the middle thyreoid vein, whilst occasionally a communication between the common facial and anterior jugular veins descends anterior to the artery along the anterior border of the sterno-mastoid. (co.ma)
Just above the sternum the anterior jugular vein is in front of the artery, but separated from it by the sterno-hyoid and sterno-thyreoid muscles. (co.ma)
7. _____ The External Jugular vein courses superficially on the surface of the Sternocleidomastoid muscle and can, therefore, be utilized for insertion of catheters. (docsbay.net)

The most common sign is unilateral facial weakness, which affects the muscles of the forehead and other facial muscles on one side of the face. (rnspeak.com)

These structures, together with the remains of the thymus and the anterior margins of the left lung and pleura, separate the artery from the manubrium sterni, and from the origins of the sterno-hyoid and sterno-thyreoid muscles. (co.ma)

Anatomy16

Organisms2

Diseases7

Chemicals and Drugs5

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment2

Psychiatry and Psychology1

Phenomena and Processes7

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena1

Information Science2

Ascending pharyn1

Middle pharyngeal2

Branchial2

Arteries8

Mandible5

Posterior5

Arch7

Oral-pharyngeal2

Pharynx8

Paralysis12

Mesoderm1

Nerve23

Arches3

Airway5

Limb4

Ptosis1

Atrophy3

Mandibular2

Neck3

Hyoid bone2

Styloid process1

Cavity1

Apparatus1

Neuromuscular2

Venous1

Musculature1

Craniofacial1

Mylohyoid muscle2

Tongue2

Expression3

Medial2

Innervation1

Nerves and muscles1

Weak2

Extraocular muscles1

Difficulty1

Lateral3

Omohyoid1

Bulbar4

Inferior2

Cervical1

Skeleton3

Skeletal1

Axial muscles1

Myasthenia gravis1

Patients8

Depressor1

Superficial1

Vein3

Unilateral1

Structures1