• Research has shown that the basal ganglia can be modeled as a group of components of parallel, re-entrant cortico-subcortical circuits, which originate in cortical areas, traverse the basal ganglia and terminate in specific areas in the frontal lobe. (wikipedia.org)
  • More specifically it consists of the cortical areas adjacent to the insular lobe and its surrounding circular sulcus . (radiopaedia.org)
  • Along with other structures, the basal ganglia are part of a neural circuit that is integral to voluntary motor function. (wikipedia.org)
  • Basal ganglia disease is a group of physical problems that occur when the group of nuclei in the brain known as the basal ganglia fail to properly suppress unwanted movements or to properly prime upper motor neuron circuits to initiate motor function. (wikipedia.org)
  • The neuroleptic effects of antipsychotic drugs consist of emotional quietening, reduced physical movements with a little effect on intellectual functioning of the patient. (biologydiscussion.com)
  • Though motor disorders are the most common associated with the basal ganglia, recent research shows that basal ganglia disorders can lead to other dysfunctions such as obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and Tourette syndrome. (wikipedia.org)
  • Reductions in fixel-derived metrics occurs in major white matter tracts, noticeably in corpus callosum, internal capsule, and the corticospinal tract, which were closely co-localized with the regions of increased diffusivity in basal ganglia. (frontiersin.org)
  • We hypothesize that degeneration of subcortical regions, including the basal ganglia, is associated with damage of white matter tracts linking these affected regions. (frontiersin.org)
  • Basal ganglia disease is a group of physical problems that occur when the group of nuclei in the brain known as the basal ganglia fail to properly suppress unwanted movements or to properly prime upper motor neuron circuits to initiate motor function. (wikipedia.org)
  • The basal nuclei (or ganglia) are situated inside the white matter in the basal part of the cerebral hemisphere and large subcortical masses of grey matter. (earthslab.com)
  • The basal nuclei are important in arranging and coordinating motor movements. (earthslab.com)
  • The major function of the basal nuclei is to reduce muscle tone and inhibit unwanted muscular activity. (earthslab.com)
  • Developmentally it is related to the basal nuclei but functionally it's included in the limbic system and therefore, shares its functions. (earthslab.com)
  • Basal ganglia ( nuclei basales ) are part of the gray matter of the endbrain outside the thalamus , immersed in the white matter of the brain. (wikilectures.eu)
  • Morphologically, the basal ganglia primarily include large nuclei in the basal part of the telencephalon . (wikilectures.eu)
  • Based on which cortical area the stimuli come to the basal ganglia circuit, which nuclei are used as input and output, and which functional cortical area the projection then goes to, we describe the four loops of the basal ganglia . (wikilectures.eu)
  • Research has shown that the basal ganglia can be modeled as a group of components of parallel, re-entrant cortico-subcortical circuits, which originate in cortical areas, traverse the basal ganglia and terminate in specific areas in the frontal lobe. (wikipedia.org)
  • they modulate the activity of the corpus striatum and direct/indirect pathways via dopamine - pars compacta substantiae nigrae. (wikilectures.eu)
  • The central nervous system, however, consists of innumerable subunits, each integrated into its own set of func- tional pathways and networks and subserving only one or a few of the many activities in which the nervous system participates. (nih.gov)
  • It's an essential nucleus of the extrapyramidal system. (earthslab.com)
  • One possible factor could be the natural accumulation of iron in the basal ganglia, causing neurodegeneration due to its involvement in toxic, free-radical reactions. (wikipedia.org)
  • basal cell nevus syndrome an autosomal dominant syndrome characterized by the development in early life of numerous basal cell carcinomas, in association with abnormalities of the skin, bone, nervous system, eyes, and reproductive tract. (topgrowupclinic.eu)
  • The drug HA-966 (1-hydroxy-3-amino-pyrrolidone-2), which chemically resembles the cyclic form of GABA, has been studied for neuro-pharmacological properties and for effects on the catecholamine content of the corpus striatum.2. (nih.gov)