StenosisInternal carotiVenousDissectionOcclusive diseaseDissectionsShared similar burdOcclusionAneurysmsBypassThrombectomyCerebral arteriesVesselsArteriesSevereStentsIntimaComplicationsDopplerPathologiesCervicalCraniumSubacuteInfectionPercutaneousSurgicalAssessmentCranial nervePrognosisStrokeTraumatic injuryNeckIncidenceOccursMeasurementsCardiacDiagnosisPatientsTearVascular injurySpinal cordOutcomesBlood flowMean arterialHead injurySignificantEffectiveHigh
Stenosis6
- The long-term ISR and stent fracture risks were high in extracranial VA stenosis treated with balloon-expandable bare metal stents. (mayabouchenaki.com)
- citation needed] As the arterial wall begins to tear, blood begins to enter this newly formed false lumen and the resulting hematoma formation can either narrow (stenosis) or occlude the artery, decreasing or completely blocking blood flow through the artery. (wikipedia.org)
- 10 Compared to normal controls, stroke patients with moderate-to-severe intracranial arterial stenosis or occlusion had decreased levels of DHA. (j-stroke.org)
- Extracranial measurements serve various clinical purposes, such as identifying carotid stenosis or similar lesion, determining increased distal cerebral resistance, Subclavian Steal Syndrome, and Stroke assessment. (medtechedge.com)
- The measured blood flow velocities increase significantly in the area of stenosis, until the stenosis decreases the effective arterial diameter to a critical level. (medtechedge.com)
- 200 cm/sec may have very high blood flow or arterial stenosis. (frontiersin.org)
Internal caroti3
- Extracranial internal carotid artery dissections: noniatrogenic traumatic lesions. (westerntrauma.org)
- In direct CCF, internal carotid artery (ICA) wall disruption allows high-pressure blood to move into the CS, resulting in short-circuiting of the ICA arterial blood into the venous system of the CS. (biomedcentral.com)
- 2. Popov P, Tanaskovic S, Babic S, Nenezic D, Radak D. Extracranial internal carotid artery pseudoaneurysms after kinking reconstruction. (jatros.rs)
Venous3
- Carotid-cavernous fistula (CCF) is an abnormal communication between the high-pressure carotid arterial system and the low-pressure cavernous venous system (CS). (biomedcentral.com)
- Graft occlusion occurred in 3 patients and in one of these, it was successfully salvaged by placing a long venous graft from the extracranial ICA to the M3 segment of the middle cerebral artery. (elsevierpure.com)
- Measurements of heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), central venous pressure (CVP), end-tidal CO 2 (etCO 2 ), and cerebral oxygen were immediately obtained after different time points during the surgery. (biomedcentral.com)
Dissection8
- Arterial dissection is much more common in the extracranial vertebral artery. (medscape.com)
- A dissection typically results in a tear in one of the layers of the arterial wall. (wikipedia.org)
- As such, cervical artery dissection can be further categorized based on the involvement of artery: carotid vs. vertebral, and the location of the dissection: intracranial vs. extracranial. (wikipedia.org)
- These dissecting aneurysms most commonly occur in the extracranial portion of the ICA rather than the ICA (70 to 80% of cases), and they are associated with vertebral artery dissection in up to 20% of cases [3, 4]. (fortunepublish.com)
- True extracranial aneurysms are virtually always found in the setting of a connective tissue disorder (CTD) whereas false aneurysms may or may not be related to a CTD but usually follow arterial dissection. (medscape.com)
- Head and neck CTA is useful in evaluation of acute stroke symptoms to detect LVO, dissection, or significant intracranial arterial stenoses. (aneskey.com)
- CT angiography assists in identifying proximal vessel occlusions, dissection, or high-grade arterial stenoses. (aneskey.com)
- CT angiography (CTA) can assist in identifying proximal vessel occlusions, dissection, or high-grade arterial stenoses, which may be responsible for the ischemic deficit. (aneskey.com)
Occlusive disease1
- An estimated 88% of these are ischemic strokes, with 15% attributed to extracranial carotid occlusive disease. (radiologykey.com)
Dissections2
- Most traumatic dissections are secondary to some form of rapid decelerations injuries resulting in hyperextension or hyperflexion with rotational injury of the neck. (wikipedia.org)
- Cervical artery dissections begin initially with a small tear in the innermost layer of the arterial wall, the tunica intima, or rupture of the vasa vasorum with bleeding within the media. (wikipedia.org)
Shared similar burd1
- Adult-onset dystonia patients and the Italian population shared similar burden of arterial hypertension, type 2 diabetes, coronary heart disease, dyslipidemia, and hypothyroidism, while hyperthyroidism was more frequent in the dystonia population. (unicatt.it)
Occlusion1
- This has illustrated that some patients have an acute partial occlusion or a slow progressive occlusion with limited ischemic injury and, therefore, a better prognosis. (medscape.com)
Aneurysms1
- The exact etiology behind dissecting ICA aneurysms is unknown, although these have been linked to trauma and underlying arterial pathologies, causing a sudden tear in the intimal layer of the artery [3, 6]. (fortunepublish.com)
Bypass1
- It was shown that cerebral revascularization using extracranial to intracranial bypass may result in neurological symptoms improvement and an objective increase in regional cerebral blood flow in a selective cohort of patients with symptomatic chronic cerebrovascular ischemia [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)
Thrombectomy4
- Tandem occlusions in the anterior circulation had better outcomes with additional stenting of the extracranial lesion in a registry study of thrombectomy with the Solitaire device. (medpagetoday.com)
- In bridging therapy, intravenous tPA plus intra-arterial thrombectomy within 6 hours of onset, the NNT is 1 in 2-4. (bmj.com)
- CT Perfusion to Predict Response to Recanalization in Ischemic Stroke Project study reported that intra-arterial thrombectomy was effective in treating patients with acute ischaemic stroke within 18 hours of onset. (bmj.com)
- 3 The Diffusion Weighted Imaging (DWI) or Computerized Tomography Perfusion (CTP) Assessment With Clinical Mismatch in the Triage of Wake Up and Late Presenting Strokes Undergoing Neurointervention (DAWN) trial reported that intra-arterial thrombectomy would bring similar benefit in selected patients who had a stroke within 24 hours of onset. (bmj.com)
Cerebral arteries1
- More recently it has been used to measure CBF by evaluating extracranial cerebral arteries in adults and children. (bmj.com)
Vessels8
- https://financial-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/extracranial The carotid arteries are blood vessels located on each side of your neck (carotid arteries). (mayabouchenaki.com)
- The risk of causing injury by penetrating major vessels in the carotid sheath tends to increase at upper cervical levels. (e-arm.org)
- Cerebral blood vessels are classified as extracranial and intracranial subsystems. (vip-clinic.by)
- If it is required to perform a transcranial examination of cerebral vessels, this should be accompanied by brachiocephalic artery ultrasonography, that is, the examinations should be performed successively during the same day since abnormal changes of extracranial vessels often have a significant effect on the blood flow characteristics of transcranial vessels. (vip-clinic.by)
- Sequential studies of extracranial and intracranial vessels make it possible to differentiate systemic blood flow changes caused by the above reasons from local changes of blood flow at the intracrainal level. (vip-clinic.by)
- Extracranial Doppler examinations are measurements of blood flow velocities in the extracranial vessels, and particularly the Common, External, and Internal Carotid arteries, as well as the Subclavian artery. (medtechedge.com)
- The extracranial vessels are easily accessible with standard Continuous Wave (CW) Doppler probes and allow quick identification of abnormal blood flow patterns. (medtechedge.com)
- Nearly 50 years ago, it was clear from conventional cerebral angiography studies that the large extracranial and intracranial vessels were abnormal in patients with SCD and neurologic deficits, although the pathophysiology is not fully understood from human studies or laboratory models. (frontiersin.org)
Arteries3
- Atherosclerosis has a predilection for certain arteries, including the extracranial carotid artery. (medscape.com)
- Many are concerned with the attempt to open these already occluded arteries owing to the fear of reperfusion injury or worsening of stroke. (bmj.com)
- Arterial disease generally encompasses atherosclerosis, which leads to hard, narrow arteries that are susceptible to blockage. (mccollumconsultants.com)
Severe7
- and (4) nonisolated severe ventriculomegaly (with extracranial anomalies). (bvsalud.org)
- While the Glasgow coma scale (GCS) is one of the strongest outcome predictors, the current classification of traumatic brain injury (TBI) as 'mild', 'moderate' or 'severe' based on this fails to capture enormous heterogeneity in pathophysiology and treatment response. (biomedcentral.com)
- For cases of severe traumatic brain injury, during primary operation, neurosurgeons usually face a dilemma of whether or not to remove the bone flap after mass lesion evacuation. (biomedcentral.com)
- In the present study, we designed a prospective, randomized, controlled trial to clarify the effect of decompressive craniectomy in severe traumatic brain injury patients with mass lesions. (biomedcentral.com)
- This study will provide evidence to optimize primary decompressive craniectomy application and assess outcomes and risks for mass lesions in severe traumatic brain injury. (biomedcentral.com)
- Severe traumatic brain injury (STBI) is a major cause of death in young adults in developed countries [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- Severe primary injury and exasperate condition necessitate emergent surgical intervention. (biomedcentral.com)
Stents1
- Antithrombotic therapy and endovascular stents are effective treatment for blunt carotid injuries: results from longterm followup. (westerntrauma.org)
Intima2
- Arterial walls are composed of three layers: an intima (the innermost layer), media (the middle muscular layer), and adventitia (the outermost layer). (wikipedia.org)
- Experiments on explanted hearts suggested a trigger for coronary artery inflammation: Where flow is perturbed, hemodynamic stress results in local mechanical injury allowing the entry of blood cells into the arterial intima, triggering inflammation-driven atherogenesis . (medpagetoday.com)
Complications3
- Incidental Metastatic Meningioma Presenting as a Large Liver Mass Complications of CSOM are classified into intracranial and extracranial complications. (mayabouchenaki.com)
- This co-occurrence of vascular complications allows us to explore the topic of neurovascular injuries based on a nasopharyngeal approach. (fortunepublish.com)
- [ 9 , 4 ] In addition to perioperative stroke, serious complications that may develop after CEA include myocardial ischemia and infarction , hemodynamic instability, cranial nerve (CN) injuries, and bleeding resulting in neck hematomas and airway compromise. (medscape.com)
Doppler2
- Mutze S, Rademacher G, Matthes G, Hosten N, Stengel D. Blunt cerebrovascular injury in patients with blunt multiple trauma: diagnostic accuracy of duplex Doppler US and early CT angiography. (westerntrauma.org)
- Transcranial Doppler (TCD) and extracranial Doppler (ECD) testing. (caringmedical.com)
Pathologies1
- Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a heterogeneous disease with a wide variety of injury mechanisms and tissue pathologies, affecting people at all stages of life. (biomedcentral.com)
Cervical7
- The frequency of vertebral artery injury in blunt cervical spine injury ranges from 19% to 39%,[ 1 , 4 , 10 , 11 ] which is not uncommon and should always be kept in mind when treating patients. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
- Computed tomographic angiography for the diagnosis of blunt cervical vascular injury: is it ready for primetime? (westerntrauma.org)
- Cervical spine fracture patterns predictive of blunt vertebral artery injury. (westerntrauma.org)
- The clinical features of our sample confirmed the peculiar characteristics of adult-onset dystonia, i.e. gender preference, peak age at onset in the sixth decade, predominance of cervical dystonia and blepharospasm over the other focal dystonias, and a tendency to spread to adjacent body parts, The sample also confirmed the association between eye symptoms and blepharospasm, whereas no clear association emerged between extracranial injury and dystonia in a body site. (unicatt.it)
- Cervical radicular pain can develop following irritation and/or injury of a cervical spinal nerve that induces inflammation [ 2 , 3 ]. (e-arm.org)
- During cervical TFESI, the needle should be guided to the posterior aspect of neural foramen under fluoroscopy (C-arm) so as to prevent injury to the vertebral artery [ 13 , 14 ]. (e-arm.org)
- The patient showed cervical cord injury classified as American Spinal Injury Association Impairment scale A and underwent emergency surgical vertebroplasty. (bmj.com)
Cranium1
- extracranial Extracranial: Outside the cranium, the bony dome that houses and protects the brain. (mayabouchenaki.com)
Subacute2
- Despite a complicated course, metabolic derangements eventually corrected, and she was transferred to a subacute facility approximately 4 weeks after injury. (silverchair.com)
- However, on the other hand, there is still controversy on how to effectively and safely treat subacute or chronic intracranial or extracranial large cerebral arterial occlusions. (bmj.com)
Infection2
- however, there is a decreased incidence of myocardial infarction, infection, and cranial nerve injury. (radiologykey.com)
- The bony orbit is often a route for intracranial and extracranial spread of infection and tumors because of its direct proximity to the anterior fossa. (medscape.com)
Percutaneous1
- Transcatheter arterial embolization and/or direct percutaneous puncture embolization were performed. (ajnr.org)
Surgical4
- Skull base surgery poses a somewhat low risk of neurovascular injury regardless of the surgical approach taken, although this is especially true when endoscopy is used. (fortunepublish.com)
- The surgical anatomy of the temporal branches of the FN was studied bilaterally in 5 embalmed heads (n = 10 extracranial FNs). (thejns.org)
- The services offered include medical and surgical care for bone and joint problems resulting from injuries, infections, nutritional or metabolic disorders. (safemedtrip.com)
- Patients that are ideal for CAS include patients that have a high surgical risk, such as patients with prior neck irradiation, aberrant neck anatomy, contralateral recurrent laryngeal nerve injury, prior ipsilateral CEA, significant coronary artery disease, high cervical stenotic lesion location, and tracheostomy. (radiologykey.com)
Assessment1
- The criteria for the assessment of the extracranial blood flow measurements depends on the pathology. (medtechedge.com)
Cranial nerve1
- Cranial nerve reconstruction should be attempted whenever the nerves are sacrificed in a patient who has a fair to excellent eye function preoperatively or whenever inadvertent injury to such nerves occurs during cavernous sinus surgery. (elsevierpure.com)
Prognosis1
- Our expert witnesses are available to provide their expert medico legal opinion on cases involving the diagnosis, management, and prognosis of arterial disease. (mccollumconsultants.com)
Stroke3
- Epidemiology, repair technique, and predictors of stroke and mortality in penetrating carotid artery injuries. (sc-ctsi.org)
- Noncontrast head computed tomography (CT) scans are used to exclude hemorrhage, evaluate for early brain injury, and exclude stroke mimics. (aneskey.com)
- If you have had a stroke or temporary brain injury, your provider will consider whether treating your blocked artery with surgery is safe for you. (medlineplus.gov)
Traumatic injury1
- The approach to the distal vertebral artery was first described by Matas and Henry and was used for the treatment of traumatic injury. (medscape.com)
Neck1
- Utility of screening for blunt vascular neck injuries with computed tomographic angiography. (westerntrauma.org)
Incidence1
- Incidence of unsuspected blunt carotid artery injury. (westerntrauma.org)
Occurs1
- This article describes the history and impact of this process as it occurs in the extracranial carotid artery. (medscape.com)
Measurements1
- The 4 MHz and 8 MHz frequencies are the most common selections for extracranial measurements. (medtechedge.com)
Cardiac3
- Embolism, either from a cardiac or arterial source, is much more frequent in the distal third of the basilar artery and the vertebrobasilar junction. (medscape.com)
- CARDIAC sequelae after neurologic injury are a well-described phenomenon. (silverchair.com)
- 3,4 We present two cases of overt cardiac failure after isolated neurologic injury in two previously healthy patients. (silverchair.com)
Diagnosis5
- Blunt carotid injury: importance of early diagnosis and anticoagulant therapy. (westerntrauma.org)
- The unrecognized epidemic of blunt carotid arterial injuries: early diagnosis improves neurologic outcome. (westerntrauma.org)
- Blunt carotid artery injuries: difficulties with the diagnosis prior to neurologic event. (westerntrauma.org)
- Blunt carotid artery injury: the futility of aggressive screening and diagnosis. (westerntrauma.org)
- Noninvasive diagnosis of blunt cerebrovascular injuries: a preliminary report. (westerntrauma.org)
Patients1
- Chaque année, des milliers de volontaires, pour la plupart des patients, mais aussi des personnes en bonne santé, participent à nos études. (ottawaheart.ca)
Tear1
- A tear in one of the layers of the arterial walls can result in blood collecting within a pocket between the layers of the artery, which can result in an intramural hematoma and/or aneurysmal dilation. (wikipedia.org)
Vascular injury1
- Thrombus formation is the natural physiologic response to the vascular injury to prevent significant blood loss. (wikipedia.org)
Spinal cord2
- 3 Katayama Y, Glisson JD, Becker DP and Hayes RL: Concussive head injury producing suppression of sensory transmission within the spinal cord. (medicalnote.jp)
- Physiotherapy and rehabilitation services are available to restore the health and functional abilities of people after spinal cord disorders and injuries, amputation, joint replacement, sports injuries, fractures and ligament injuries. (safemedtrip.com)
Outcomes3
- Treatment-related outcomes from blunt cerebrovascular injuries: the importance of routine follow-up arteriography. (westerntrauma.org)
- Prospective screening for blunt cerebrovascular injuries: analysis of diagnostic modalities and outcomes. (westerntrauma.org)
- Spaniolas K, Velmahos GC, Alam HB, de Moya M, Tabbara M, Sailhamer E. Does improved detection of blunt vertebral artery injuries lead to improved outcomes? (westerntrauma.org)
Blood flow1
- Blood flow rates and vascular tone depend on the systemic arterial pressure, the patient's psychoemotional state and other factors. (vip-clinic.by)
Mean arterial3
- In the intensive care unit, BP was 98/57 mmHg, mean arterial pressure was 67 mmHg, heart rate was 140 beats/min, and bladder temperature was 38°C. An intracranial pressure (ICP) monitor was placed, showing an initial ICP of 33-38 mmHg. (silverchair.com)
- Phenylephrine was started to support mean arterial pressure, and hypothermia to 33°C was instituted for aid in controlling ICP. (silverchair.com)
- In the intensive care unit, BP was 100/65 mmHg, and heart rate was 87 beats/min, with phenylephrine infusion in use to support mean arterial pressure. (silverchair.com)
Head injury3
- 4 DeSalles AAF, Newlon PG, Katayama Y, Dixon CE, Becker DP, Stonnington HH and Hayes RL: Transient suppression of event-related evoked potentials produced by mild head injury in the cat. (medicalnote.jp)
- 7 Hayes RL, Katayama Y, Povlishock JT, Jenkins LW, Lyeth BG, Clifton GL and Young HF: Regional rates of glucose utilization in the cat following concussive head injury. (medicalnote.jp)
- Head Injury. (medtechedge.com)
Significant2
- Sixteen-slice computed tomographic angiography is a reliable noninvasive screening test for clinically significant blunt cerebrovascular injuries. (westerntrauma.org)
- Sphenopalatine arterial electrocoagulation has been found to be an effective way of stopping these bleeds [9], and endoscopic control of the SP artery via ligation has been successful in controlling significant epistaxis of the posterior nasal area [8, 10]. (fortunepublish.com)
Effective1
- Screening for blunt cerebrovascular injuries is cost-effective. (westerntrauma.org)
High1
- Berne JD, Norwood SH, McAuley CE, Vallina VL, Creath RG, McLarty J. The high morbidity of blunt cerebrovascular injury in an unscreened population: more evidence of the need for mandatory screening protocols. (westerntrauma.org)