Extracellular enzyme. Medical search. Frequent questions

Extracellular enzymes target macromolecules such as carbohydrates (cellulases), lignin (oxidases), organic phosphates (phosphatases), amino sugar polymers (chitinases) and proteins (proteases) and break them down into soluble sugars that are subsequently transported into cells to support heterotrophic metabolism. (wikipedia.org)
Extracellular Matrix (ECM) is a complex 3D-network of proteins and polypeptides and an essential component of the islet cell basement membrane (BM). (brighton.ac.uk)
Extracellular vesicles have been shown to function as highly efficient protein delivery platforms, also in the brain, an organ that is not naturally accessed by systematically administered proteins. (nanbiosis.es)
Collagens are an important part of the extracellular matrix, which is the lattice of proteins and other molecules outside the cell. (medlineplus.gov)
Common culture formats used for in vitro enzyme induction studies comprise conventional and sandwich cultures, the former referring to plated hepatocytes maintained on rigid substratum (e.g., collagen), whereas in the latter cells are "sandwiched" by an additional layer of either collagen or a composite of extracellular matrix proteins, such as Matrigel ( LeCluyse, 2001 ). (aspetjournals.org)
This over produced AOS damages/ oxidizes to lipids, proteins and nucleic acids, and releases a number of cytotoxic intermediate/ end products thereby alterations in metabolic pathways and inactivation of key enzymes. (degruyter.com)
In 2004 ( 4 ), a paradigm shift was set in motion when neutrophil extracellular traps (NET) were described for the first time: In response to defense pathway-inducing signals, extracellular DNA (exDNA) is exported and assembled together with actin, histone, peroxidases, and other reactive oxygen species (ROS) generating proteins into the NET, a sticky matrix surrounding the cell. (aacrjournals.org)
enamelysin is important for proteolytic processing of extracellular matrix proteins. (flashcardmachine.com)
[2] [3] The cells within the biofilm produce the EPS components, which are typically a polymeric conglomeration of extracellular polysaccharides , proteins , lipids and DNA . (wikipedia.org)
Proteases, also known as peptidyl-peptide hydrolases (EC 3.4.21-24 and 99), are degradative enzymes that catalyse the cleavage of peptide bonds in other proteins. (scialert.net)
[ 1 ] Citrulline is a nonstandard amino acid that is produced by diminution of arginine residue present on certain human proteins by the peptidyl arginine-deiminase (PAD) enzyme. (medscape.com)
[ 2 ] The release of PAD from dying cells citrullinate extracellular proteins that contain arginine. (medscape.com)
The extracellular matrix is a dynamic environment where a plethora of structural proteins, ligands, enzymes, inorganic ions, and secreted factors are stored. (lu.se)

The study has obtained extracellular vesicles loaded with therapeutic enzymes directly from cells that are used for the production of recombinant protein. (nanbiosis.es)

In addition, there was a negative effect of bacteria on fungi, which appeared to be caused by suppression of fungal growth and biomass accrual rather than specifically affecting enzyme activity. (udg.edu)
The student will learn fungal microbiology, extracellular enzyme activity quantification, and comparative genomics, which are valuable skills for a potential career in biotechnology or academic research. (lu.se)

The extracellular polysaccharides of bacteria. (microbiologyresearch.org)
2003). However, cellulose crystallinity and lignin - which offers cellulose physical protection against cellulolytic enzymes-limit the decomposition of polysaccharides present in lignocellulose residues for biotechnological application (Lynd et al . (scialert.net)
Glycosaminoglycans (previously termed mucopolysaccharides) are polysaccharides abundant on cell surfaces and in extracellular matrix and structures. (msdmanuals.com)

Grouped as hydrolases, lyases, oxidoreductases and transferases, these extracellular enzymes control soil enzyme activity through efficient degradation of biopolymers. (wikipedia.org)
Most of the extracellular enzymes involved in polymer degradation in leaf litter and soil have been ascribed to fungi. (wikipedia.org)
During plant litter degradation, cellulose and other labile substrates are degraded first followed by lignin depolymerization with increased oxidative enzyme activity and shifts in microbial community composition. (wikipedia.org)
In contrast, enzyme activities were in general low when bacteria grew alone, and the activity of key enzymes in the degradation of lignin and cellulose (phenol oxidase and cellobiohydrolase) was undetectable in the bacteria-only treatment. (udg.edu)
Degradation of matrix extracellular phosphoglycoprotein (MEPE) and DMP-1 and release of acidic serine-rich and aspartate-rich MEPE-associated motif (ASARM) peptides are chiefly responsible for the hypophosphatemic rickets mineralization defect and changes in osteoblast-osteoclast differentiation. (medscape.com)

The discovery of neutrophil extracellular traps has yielded a conceptual framework for interpreting how extracellular DNA may function in cancer development and why it may prove to be an important clinical target in stopping cancer outside the cell. (aacrjournals.org)
Role of neutrophil extracellular la NETosis en las enfermedades infecciosas pulmonares. (bvsalud.org)
Despite not having a standardized measurement parameter, the excess of neutrophil extracellular traps corresponds conception, manuscript to the severity of tissue damage observed in patients with respiratory tract infections, revealing the important prognostic role design, literature search, data of the neutrophil response and NETosis process in pulmonary infectious diseases. (bvsalud.org)
DNA, which are released from the contents monia AND neutrophil extracellular traps, of neutrophils as a defense mechanism to respiratory tract infection AND neutrophil trap and destroy microorganisms1. (bvsalud.org)

In this context, the Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR) has led a study that has analysed the use of extracellular vesicles as vehicles for therapeutic enzymes in this type of lysosomal storage disorders. (nanbiosis.es)
This work, in which the CIBBIM-Nanomedicine, Drug Delivery and Targeting, led by Dr. Ibane Abasolo and investigator Guillem Pintos, and Neurovascular Diseases, led by Dr. Anna Rosell, of the VHIR have participated, has been published in the Journal of Extracellular Vesicles . (nanbiosis.es)
In addition, also TF activity was enhanced in extracellular vesicles of alternatively polarized macrophages. (haematologica.org)
In conclusion, we provide evidence that proinflammatory polarization of macrophages does not lead to enhanced procoagulatory function, whereas alternative polarization of macrophages leads to an increased expression of TF and increased production of TF bearing extracellular vesicles by these cells suggesting a procoagulatory phenotype of alternatively polarized macrophages. (haematologica.org)
We identified tumour-derived extracellular vesicles and particles (EVPs) as crucial mediators of cancer-induced hepatic reprogramming, which could be reversed by reducing tumour EVP secretion via depletion of Rab27a . (nature.com)

Alkaline proteases are referred to as proteolytic enzymes that work optimally in alkaline pH ranges (1, 12). (scialert.net)
We propose that the production of˙OH and extracellular proteolytic enzymes are regulated by similar nutritional signals. (lu.se)

We compared the growth and patterns of degradative enzymes expressed by communities of bacteria and fungi grown separately and in coexistence on Phragmites leaves. (udg.edu)
Still, biomass-specific activities of most enzymes were higher in bacteria than in fungi. (udg.edu)
These pathogenic bacteria could be isolated from soil, water, air, as well as from the living organisms and they are both pathogenic and saprophytic.Extracellular enzymes of the organisms are used for the industrial purposes. (iyte.edu.tr)
The extracellular enzymes derived from the bacteria serve for many purposes in the industry. (iyte.edu.tr)
The results would indicate the extracellular enzyme production among these pathogenic bacteria and would also be used as a guide in further studies to correlate between Staphylococcal pathogenity and enzyme production. (iyte.edu.tr)
Production of extracellular DNase (exDNase) by bacteria, fungi, and other pathogens breaks down the DNA framework and thereby facilitates release from trapping and allows systemic dispersal ( 1, 4, 5 ). (aacrjournals.org)
A parallel extracellular trapping process operates in plant root tips, whose cells export a complex slimy matrix that specifically attracts, immobilizes, and prevents invasion by pathogens, including bacteria, fungi, and nematodes ( 3 ). (aacrjournals.org)

By adapting their metabolism to the availability of varying amounts of carbon and nitrogen in the environment, fungi produce a mixture of oxidative and hydrolytic enzymes to efficiently break down lignocelluloses like wood. (wikipedia.org)
The mechanisms for liberating this N are unclear as ectomycorrhizal fungi have lost many genes encoding lignocellulose-degrading enzymes present in their saprotrophic ancestors. (lu.se)
While the characterization of the chitinases has deserved much attention, how fungi regulate the secretion of these enzymes remains poorly explored, although they might have significant consequences for forest carbon storage and primary productivity. (lu.se)
Specifically, the student will use different combinations of carbon and nitrogen sources to determine their effects on the amount and type of chitinases secreted by the fungi in the extracellular medium. (lu.se)

Recurrence of AR leads an array of alterations in plants that includes inhibited seed germination, growth and productivity, biomass accumulation, photosynthesis, enzyme activities, protein synthesis, gene expression patterns, and over production of active oxygen species (AOS). (degruyter.com)

In recent years, enzyme replacement therapies (ERTs) based on the systemic administration of a functional version of the defective enzyme have gained clinical relevance as a treatment for lysosomal storage disorders (LSD). (nanbiosis.es)
OMIM 253010), based on a deficiency of different lysosomal enzymes-N-acetylgalactosamine-6-sulfate sulfatase (GALNS) and β-galactosidase, respectively. (medscape.com)
Lysosomal enzymes break down macromolecules, either those from the cell itself (eg, when cellular structural components are being recycled) or those acquired outside the cell. (msdmanuals.com)
Inherited defects or deficiencies of lysosomal enzymes (or other lysosomal components) can result in accumulation of undegraded metabolites. (msdmanuals.com)

Predictions concerning the feedback of soil heterotrophic respiration to a warming climate often do not differentiate between the extracellular and intracellular steps involved in soil organic matter decomposition. (reading.ac.uk)
This study examined the temperature sensitivities of intracellular metabolic processes and extracellular soil enzyme activities and how they are influenced by previous temperatures. (reading.ac.uk)
However, we found that the intracellular and extracellular steps differ in their temperature sensitivity and this observation differs depending on the range of temperature used for Q10 estimates of temperature sensitivity. (reading.ac.uk)
Between 5 °C and 15 °C intracellular and extracellular enzyme processes show equal temperature sensitivity, but between 15 °C and 26 °C intracellular metabolic processes were more temperature sensitive than extracellular enzyme activity and between 26 °C and 37 °C extracellular enzyme activity was more temperature sensitive than intracellular metabolic processes. (reading.ac.uk)
Nevertheless, since climate change predictions currently indicate that there will be a greater frequency and severity of hot summers and heatwaves, it is possible that global warming may reduce the importance of extracellular depolymerisation relative to intracellular metabolic processes as the rate limiting step of soil organic matter mineralization. (reading.ac.uk)
We conclude that extracellular and intracellular steps are not equally sensitive to changes in soil temperature and that the previous temperature a soil is exposed to may influence the potential activity, but not temperature sensitivity, of extracellular and intracellular processes. (reading.ac.uk)
Intracellular calcium levels were decreased in response to extracellular calcium stimulation at d 7 postexposure. (cdc.gov)

The initial aim was to study the biology of PIs within our controlled cell culture environment RCCS and then to investigate the effects of digestive enzymes on PIs-ECM contacts and to determine if the novel 3D- microgravity cell culture system could restore and enhance ECM expression. (brighton.ac.uk)
2011 ). Another commercially available prebiotic in this group is lactosucrose, which is hardly utilized by human digestive enzymes and has stimulatory effects on both lactobacilli and bifidobacteria (Ohkusa et al. (springer.com)
Small prey are taken into the gut and surrounded with digestive enzymes. (daviddarling.info)
It becomes attached to the victim and a backward and forward pumping motion, together with the action of digestive enzymes, breaks the food into more manageable lumps which are then taken into the gut. (daviddarling.info)

Extracellular protease production in microorganisms is highly influenced by media Variation in components such as C/N ratio, the presence of easily metabolisable sugars like glucose (Gupta et al . (scialert.net)

The spent medium after somatic embryo production has been analysed with respect to various enzymes, arabinogalactan protein and sandal oil. (amrita.edu)
Arabinogalactan protein (26-35 mg/l) has also been recovered from the extracellular medium. (amrita.edu)
This gene provides instructions for making the enzyme prolidase, also called peptidase D. Prolidase helps divide certain dipeptides, which are molecules composed of two protein building blocks ( amino acids ). (medlineplus.gov)
Not long ago, Neon Nettle reported on the epidemic of doctors being murdered , most of which were in Florida, U.S. The scientists all shared a common trait, they had all discovered that nagalase enzyme protein was being added to vaccines which were then administrated to humans. (beforeitsnews.com)
What is the second step of extracellular protein formation? (flashcardmachine.com)
Unlike normal cells, lymphoblasts lack the enzyme to synthesize asparagine and therefore rely on an exogenous source of this amino acid to maintain cellular protein synthesis. (nih.gov)
The levels of nonspecific inflammatory marker C-reactive protein (CRP) and proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) in serum were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). (cdc.gov)
The catalytic efficiency is 400-fold higher with ANGIOTENSIN II as a substrate than with ANGIOTENSIN I. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 is also is a functional receptor for the spike glycoprotein (SPIKE PROTEIN, CORONAVIRUS) of the CORONAVIRUSES SARS-COV, SARS-COV2, and HCOV-NL63. (bvsalud.org)

Depletion of extracellular asparagine inhibits the growth of lymphocytic leukemic cells. (nih.gov)

Benefits of exoenzyme production can also be lost after secretion because the enzymes are liable to denature, degrade or diffuse away from the producer cell. (wikipedia.org)
Enzyme production and secretion is an energy intensive process and, because it consumes resources otherwise available for reproduction, there is evolutionary pressure to conserve those resources by limiting production. (wikipedia.org)
The activation of T cells by antigens or mitogens leads to the secretion of cytokines and enzymes that shape the inflammatory response. (tau.ac.il)

Extracellular enzymes or exoenzymes are synthesized inside the cell and then secreted outside the cell, where their function is to break down complex macromolecules into smaller units to be taken up by the cell for growth and assimilation. (wikipedia.org)

Additionally, osmotic shock resulting from water potential changes can impact enzyme activities as microbes redirect energy from enzyme production to synthesizing osmolytes to maintain cellular structures. (wikipedia.org)
Cancer cells have been reported to be associated with distinctive extracellular structures that facilitate aggregation and implantation. (aacrjournals.org)

Among these molecular mediators of inflammation is a heparanase enzyme that degrades the heparan sulfate scaffold of the extracellular matrix (ECM). (tau.ac.il)
Conclusions: Extensive detection of genomic DNA associated with histones in the extracellular matrix of human and mouse thrombi suggest the presence of a new thrombus-associated scaffold. (elsevierpure.com)

We conclude that targeted absolute LC-MS/MS quantification of drug-metabolizing enzymes and transporters can broaden the scope and significantly increase the impact of in vitro drug metabolism studies, such as induction, as an important supplement or future alternative to mRNA and activity data. (aspetjournals.org)

By using this approach, we will explore how extracellular molecules collectively regulate cell fate. (lu.se)

These enzymes degrade complex organic matter such as cellulose and hemicellulose into simple sugars that enzyme-producing organisms use as a source of carbon, energy, and nutrients. (wikipedia.org)
For example, presence of a low-molecular weight soluble substrate such as glucose will inhibit enzyme production by repressing the transcription of associated cellulose-degrading enzymes. (wikipedia.org)

Extracellular Polysaccharide Biosynthesis by Pseudomonas NCIB 11264. (microbiologyresearch.org)
The specific activities of certain of the enzymes involved in the formation of the sugar nucleotide precursors of polysaccharide biosynthesis were also measured in steady-state populations. (microbiologyresearch.org)
His latest research focused on the enzymes in glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis . (imperial.ac.uk)

According to a hypothesis, polyphenol (PP) activity against several forms of cancer, proliferative diseases, inflammation and neurodegeneration is mainly exerted through the inhibiting and modulating activities against a wide range of receptors, enzymes and transcription molecules 88 . (bvsalud.org)

DNase I is a secreted enzyme whose function has been presumed to control "waste management" in the human system, by degrading DNA that leaks from dead and dying cells. (aacrjournals.org)

Therefore, purification, characterization and activity determination are of prime importance for bacterial fibrinolytic enzymes . (bvsalud.org)
The level of enzyme activity did not reflect either the amount of extracellular polysaccharide produced or the rate at which glucose was incorporated into exopolysaccharide, which was dependent on medium composition, environmental factors, and the rate and stage of growth of the organism. (microbiologyresearch.org)
The peroxidase with an optimum activity at 50 °C was reasonably stable at 70 °C. The enzyme was active in the pH range 5-11, with an optimum at pH 6. (amrita.edu)
Among the seven members of this family, ATX is a unique enzyme that shows lysophospholipase D activity [ 17 , 18 ]. (hindawi.com)
PEPD gene mutations that cause prolidase deficiency result in the loss of prolidase enzyme activity. (medlineplus.gov)
Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Soil Extracellular Enzyme Activity and Its Influence on Potential Mineralization Rate of Soil Organic Carbon in Forests of Daxing'an Mountain Range [J]. Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis, 2018, 54(6): 1311-1324. (pku.edu.cn)
The specific enzyme activity was increased by about 48.8 fold by optimizing different nutrient sources and cultivation conditions. (scialert.net)
The maximum specific enzyme activity was obtained in a medium containing 15 g L -1 lactose as the carbon source, 6 g L -1 soybean as the nitrogen source and a 5 mM mixture of Mg, Mn and Ca as trace elements, fermentation for 48 h at 37°C and agitation at 200 rpm. (scialert.net)
Extracellular enzyme profiling of M. chalcea revealed a general wide activity including: polysaccharide hydrolases, proteases, lipases, phosphatases and amino-peptidases. (scialert.net)
Extracellular proteolytic activity was initiated shortly after the oxidation. (lu.se)

Extracellular enzyme production supplements the direct uptake of nutrients by microorganisms and is linked to nutrient availability and environmental conditions. (wikipedia.org)
Alternative polarization with interleukin-4 and IL-13 led to a macrophage phenotype characterized by increased tissue factor (TF) production and release and by an increase in extracellular vesicle production. (haematologica.org)
The production of enzymes involved in exopolysaccharide synthesis in Klebsiella aerogenes Types 1 and 8. (microbiologyresearch.org)
This study indicated the significance of nutrient source and cultivation conditions on the alkaline enzyme production by Bacillus halodurans . (scialert.net)
This technique has been widely used in applied sciences such as optimizing enzyme production and assessment of drug interactions (Kalil et al . (scialert.net)
These latter have been extensively described as the main degraders of chitin through the production of various enzymes called chitinases. (lu.se)

The self-produced matrix of extracellular polymeric substances , which is also referred to as slime, is a polymeric conglomeration generally composed of extracellular biopolymers in various structural forms. (wikipedia.org)

extracellular traps as prognostic markers in respiratory tract infectious diseases. (bvsalud.org)
Neutrophils are the first line of defense phil extracellular traps. (bvsalud.org)

Several point mutations and deletion of extracellular domains (DeltaEC3, DeltaNH3) drastically altered the ability of mutant receptors to respond to TRAP, but not to thrombin, and did not affect the affinity for the radiolabeled TRAP by these mutant receptors. (nih.gov)
Only mutations that disrupted the putative disulfide bond or substitution of multiple acidic residues in the second extracellular loop by alanine had a significant effect on both ligand binding and thrombin activation. (nih.gov)

BACKGROUND: Brevican and neurocan are central nervous system-specific extracellular matrix proteoglycans. (lu.se)

We conducted a mutational analysis of extracellular residues of the receptor potentially involved in interaction with both the tethered ligand and the soluble peptide agonist. (nih.gov)

Catalytically perfect enzymes have the maximum catalytic efficiency with high turnover numbers, k cat , and strong affinities for their substrates, K M . (jove.com)
Some enzymes have achieved catalytic perfection through electrostatic forces that attract and guide substrates into their active site. (jove.com)
Most enzymes achieve catalytic perfection due to the charged groups present on their surface that orient and steer the substrate into the active site. (jove.com)
A transmembrane glycoprotein with an extracellular catalytic domain which functions as a carboxypeptidase. (bvsalud.org)

The initial step in the metabolic activation process is the introduction of a hydroxyl group at the side chain at C-25 by the hepatic enzyme, CYP 27 (a vitamin D-25-hydroxylase). (medscape.com)

Ethanol fixation as well as NETosis causes the translocation of granular enzymes into the nucleus and as a consequence P-ANCAs bind to nuclei of both preparations. (biotechnologyconsultinggroup.com)

Anchorage to a compliant extracellular matrix (ECM) and connection with neighboring cells impose important constraints within the proliferation of epithelial cells. (healthanddietblog.info)
Aggregate of microorganisms in which cells that are frequently embedded within a self-produced matrix of extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs) adhere to each other and/or to a surface. (wikipedia.org)
[2] [3] These adherent cells become embedded within a slimy extracellular matrix that is composed of extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs). (wikipedia.org)
Diagnosis is confirmed by DNA analysis and/or enzyme analysis of cultured fibroblasts (prenatal) or peripheral white blood cells (postnatal). (msdmanuals.com)

Each microbial species carries specific combinations of genes for extracellular enzymes and is adapted to degrade specific substrates. (wikipedia.org)
The microbial decomposition of lignocellulosic agricultural wastes is recently recognized as a major renewable resource, with potential for conversion to a variety of products such as soil biofertilizers, industrial enzymes, animal feeds and biofuels (Howard et al . (scialert.net)

These enzymes catalyze biochemical reactions at high-speed. (jove.com)

MPS are inherited deficiencies of enzymes involved in glycosaminoglycan breakdown. (msdmanuals.com)
Enzyme deficiencies that prevent glycosaminoglycan breakdown cause accumulation of glycosaminoglycan fragments in lysosomes and cause extensive bone, soft tissue, and central nervous system changes. (msdmanuals.com)

In addition, the expression of genes that encode for enzymes is typically regulated by the availability of a given substrate. (wikipedia.org)
PIs digestion with collagenase-accutase enzyme was optimized such that cell viability was not affected but cellular stress and subsequent remodelling of ECM expression was achieved. (brighton.ac.uk)
Cultured hepatocytes offer the possibility to assess long-term effects, such as enzyme induction (i.e., changes of the expression levels of molecular entities of the hepatocytes). (aspetjournals.org)

This process depends on adequate levels of ionized calcium and phosphate in the extracellular fluid. (medscape.com)

During NETosis, reactive oxygen species generated by the NADPH oxidase facilitate the release of enzymes from cytoplasmic granules (4). (biotechnologyconsultinggroup.com)

The isolation and characterization of these enzymes are crucial steps in biotechnology. (iyte.edu.tr)

Introduction of moisture exposes soil organic matter to enzyme catalysis and also increases loss of soluble monomers via diffusion. (wikipedia.org)
The fats are directly broken down into soluble foods (extracellular digestion ). (daviddarling.info)

Similarly, sections from the acute murine hindlimb ischemia model also exhibited extensive immunoreactivity to the histone antibody in the extracellular space within murine thrombi. (elsevierpure.com)

Here, we show that these GL34 compounds are largely resistant to the hydrolytic activities of common carbohydrate-degrading enzymes. (springer.com)

Remodelling of extracellular matrix (ECM) occurs in CRC. (lu.se)

HNEX HydroNano EXtracellular Water - Improve immune system health and reduce inflammation. (beforeitsnews.com)

Insight into the thrombolytic ability of an extracellular fibrinolytic enzyme from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens GXU-1 isolated from Sipunculus nudus. (bvsalud.org)

Pre-incubation temperature effects on temperature sensitivity were subtle and restricted to extracellular activities, perhaps because of the short (60 day) duration of the pre-incubation at temperatures that were below the initial optimum (~30 °C) for the mesophilic soil community. (reading.ac.uk)

Collagen breakdown occurs during the maintenance (remodeling) of the extracellular matrix. (medlineplus.gov)
Impaired collagen breakdown during remodeling of the extracellular matrix may also contribute to the skin problems. (medlineplus.gov)

The goal of this study is to study the effect of various ratios of sludge, rice straw and M. chalcea inoculum on accelerating the straw decomposition in soil and to investigate the extracellular enzyme profile of M. chalcea that may contribute to accelerating the decomposition process. (scialert.net)

European Medicine Agency, Draft Guideline on the Investigation of Drug Interactions ( http://www.ema.europa.eu/docs/en_GB/document_library/Scientific_guideline/2010/05/WC500090112.pdf ]. (aspetjournals.org)

Induction via nuclear receptor activation can significantly alter those levels, with the coregulation of multiple enzymes and transporters occurring to different extents. (aspetjournals.org)

Treatment of mucopolysaccharidosis type I is enzyme replacement with laronidase , which effectively halts progression and reverses all non-central nervous system complications of the disease. (msdmanuals.com)

Erhard Hohenester is a structural biologist investigating the assembly, structure, and function of extracellular matrix. (imperial.ac.uk)

Substrates must diffuse within the cell to interact with their enzymes. (jove.com)

Anatomy2

Organisms14

Chemicals and Drugs40

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment9

Phenomena and Processes19

Disciplines and Occupations1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture2

Information Science4

Health Care3

Proteins13

Obtained extracellular vesicles1

Fungal2

Polysaccharides3

Degradation5

Neutrophil4

Vesicles5

Proteolytic enzymes2

Bacteria7

Fungi4

Biomass1

Lysosomal4

Intracellular7

Digestive enzymes4

Protease1

Protein8

Inhibits1

Secretion3

Macromolecules1

Structures2

Scaffold2

Quantification1

Regulate1

Cellulose2

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Molecules1

DNase1

Activity10

Production6

Biopolymers1

Traps2

Mutations2

PROTEOGLYCANS1

Residues1

Catalytic4

Hepatic1

Granular1

Cells4

Microbial2

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Glycosaminoglycan2

Expression3

Calcium1

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Soluble2

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Remodelling1

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Activities1

Collagen2

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Structural1

Substrates1