• Population ecology is a sub-field of ecology that deals with the dynamics of species populations and how these populations interact with the environment, such as birth and death rates, and by immigration and emigration. (wikipedia.org)
  • Because mite population growth and extinction are so closely tied to rare host genotypes, to conserve such species we must preserve rare host genotypes, which would represent a major challenge to current conservation practices that target species rather than genotypes. (nau.edu)
  • Rarefied species richness did not vary significantly across any of the sites, indicating that local extinctions of deep forest species were balanced by equivalent colonization rates of disturbed-area species. (myspecies.info)
  • Local extinction probabilities calculated far individual beetle species supported theoretical predictions of the differential susceptibility of higher trophic levels to extinction, and of changes in trophic structure following forest fragmentation. (myspecies.info)
  • To reduce random effects due to sampling error, only abundant species (n greater than or equal to 46) were analysed for extinction probabilities, as defined by absence from samples. (myspecies.info)
  • Of these common species, 27% had significantly higher probabilities of local extinction following fragmentation. (myspecies.info)
  • These figures are regarded as minimum estimates for the entire beetle assemblage because rarer species drill inevitably have higher extinction probabilities. (myspecies.info)
  • One hypothesis for the maintenance of the edge of a species' range suggests that more central (and abundant) populations are relatively stable and edge populations are less stable with increased local extinction and turnover rates. (usgs.gov)
  • We estimated extinction and turnover rates for species at the interiors and edges of their ranges using an approach which incorporates potential heterogeneity in species detection probabilities. (usgs.gov)
  • Rising global temperatures are having negative impacts on biodiversity, increasing the risk of species extinctions across the world 4-8 . (researchsquare.com)
  • A 2007 report from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change suggested that 20 to 30 percent of plant and animal species faced an increased risk of extinction this century if the planet keeps warming rapidly (though scientists are still debating these estimates, with some lower, some far higher). (earthprotect.com)
  • S0 extinction actually predated the concept of evolution by about half a century - people knew that things went extinct, even though they didn't really understand how species came into being. (earthprotect.com)
  • In this week's Nature Communications, an interdisciplinary team of scientists propose a more nuanced model for extinction that also shows why animal species tend to evolve toward larger body sizes. (santafe.edu)
  • They found that species of different sizes gravitate toward population states most stable against extinction. (santafe.edu)
  • Human activities have significantly altered the biosphere, sometimes damaging or destroying natural habitats and causing the extinction of other species. (carleton.edu)
  • An extinction risk analysis (ERA) can be used to help evaluate the known or perceived risk to the continued persistence of a species. (savingseafood.org)
  • Following the workshop, an ERA working group comprised of invited participants with expertise in thorny skates or other elasmobranchs will review data and analysis on thorny skates and select a method to use to develop an extinction risk assessment for the species. (savingseafood.org)
  • Following the discussion and results of the extinction risk assessment, the ERA working group will document their individual expert opinions and findings related to extinction risk for the species in a report. (savingseafood.org)
  • We analyze population and strategy (= heritable phenotype) dynamics of the two populations under clade initiation (when species are introduced into a. (lu.se)
  • We analyze population and strategy (= heritable phenotype) dynamics of the two populations under clade initiation (when species are introduced into a population), evolutionary tracking (constant, small changes in the environment), adaptive radiation (availability of multiple ecological niches), and evolutionary rescue (extreme environmental disturbances). (lu.se)
  • Frequent, minor environmental changes promote the extinction of species with small population sizes, regardless of their evolvability. (lu.se)
  • Finally, disrupting the environment at intermediate frequencies can result in coexistence with cyclical population dynamics of species with different rates of evolution. (lu.se)
  • Low gall densities on parental trees resulted in high annual extinction rates (mean = 62%) for mite populations on individual parental trees, in contrast to low annual extinction rates (mean = 7%) for mite populations on hybrid trees. (nau.edu)
  • Finally, 'trait remixing' includes gene flow across landscapes, random genetic drift within populations, extinction and recolonization of local populations and mutation. (nature.com)
  • Analysing the persistence and viability of small populations is a key issue in extinction theory and population viability analysis. (ufz.de)
  • In this article, we review and update current knowledge about the distribution and spatial spread of the disease, its observed impact on affected host populations, and models to predict its consequences for host population dynamics. (springer.com)
  • It allows for predictions about extinction risk, and also gives us a systematic way of assessing how far populations are from their most stable states. (santafe.edu)
  • Population size changes and extinction risk of populations driven by mutant interactors. (mpg.de)
  • The insights gleaned from this research are poised to contribute significantly to our understanding of extinction risk and resilience in bird populations. (lu.se)
  • Human activities put ecosystems under increasing pressure, often resulting in local extinctions. (santafe.edu)
  • LPJ-GUESS is a flexible framework for modelling the structure and dynamics of terrestrial ecosystems at landscape, regional and global scales. (lu.se)
  • This plot delivers two quantities which are fundamental to the assessment of persistence and viability: the intrinsic mean time to extinction, Tm, and the probability c1 of the population reaching the established phase. (ufz.de)
  • We show that Tm is the basic currency for the assessment of persistence and viability because Tm is independent of initial conditions and allows the risk of extinction to be calculated for any time horizon. (ufz.de)
  • What we found were two distinct classes of clonal dynamics - extinction and persistence," said Navin. (medindia.net)
  • A paper published in Paleoworld worries that a repeat of the greatest mass extinction event in Earth's history could be triggered by Anthropogenic CO2. (wattsupwiththat.com)
  • Researchers studying the largest-ever mass extinction in Earth's history claim to have found evidence that it was caused by runaway global warming - and that the "apocalyptic" events of 250 million years ago could happen again. (wattsupwiththat.com)
  • There have been five mass extinction events in Earth's history. (earthprotect.com)
  • And humans are altering the Earth's landscape in far-reaching ways: We've hunted animals like the great auk to extinction. (earthprotect.com)
  • How did we get from there all the way to realizing that there had been five of these mass extinction events in Earth's history? (earthprotect.com)
  • Although population ecology is a subfield of biology, it provides interesting problems for mathematicians and statisticians who work in population dynamics. (wikipedia.org)
  • The development of population ecology owes much to the mathematical models known as population dynamics, which were originally formulae derived from demography at the end of the 18th and beginning of 19th century. (wikipedia.org)
  • The beginning of population dynamics is widely regarded as the work of Malthus, formulated as the Malthusian growth model. (wikipedia.org)
  • The estimated population size is about 2,000 birds and their breeding distribution is subdivided into several local areas, in each of which they may be at risk of local extinction. (bioone.org)
  • Averaged population growth rate under the stochastic model was λ = 1.1, and the risk of extinction defined as the proportion of trials in which population size ≤ 1 within 30 years was ≤ 8.9%, even when the starting population was small (15 birds). (bioone.org)
  • Few studies have linked long-term herbivore population dynamics with plant genetics. (nau.edu)
  • In this study we present evidence that plant genotype and hybridization influence the population dynamics of the poplar bud gall mite, Aceria parapopuli. (nau.edu)
  • The susceptibility of these hybrids ranged several orders of magnitude and affected the population dynamics of A. parapopuli across the five years of study. (nau.edu)
  • We detected significant differences in gall population growth rates (intrinsic rate of increase, r) among hybrid genotypes across four years of study, ranging from r = 0 to r = 1.5, demonstrating that plant genotype influences a fundamental component of population dynamics. (nau.edu)
  • McIntyre, PJ & Whitham, TG 2003, ' Plant genotype affects long-term herbivore population dynamics and extinction: Conservation implications ', Ecology , vol. 84, no. 2, pp. 311-322. (nau.edu)
  • We determined the prevalence of infection with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) among small mammals in northern Italy and analyzed long-term dynamics of LCMV in a rodent population in the province of Trento. (cdc.gov)
  • The approach is devised from general Markov models of stochastic population dynamics. (ufz.de)
  • Does noisy environment facilitate extinction, or stabilize the population? (tue.nl)
  • Understanding language competition and extinction is an interdisciplinary challenge, and math models provide a tool for interpreting linguistic census data and possibly predict the language shift trend at the population scale. (scirp.org)
  • Mark-recapture analysis and a preliminary epidemiological model developed for the population with the best longitudinal data both project local extinction in that area over a timeframe of 10 to 15 years from disease emergence. (springer.com)
  • Top-down control of a marine mesopredator: increase in native white-tailed eagles accelerates the extinction of an endangered seabird population. (britishecologicalsociety.org)
  • Population dynamics focusses on the study of demographics, such as growth and decline, and the environmental processes that driving them. (wur.nl)
  • Marine Animal Ecology contributes to the fields of population genetics and population ecology and studies how population dynamics change over time and space. (wur.nl)
  • The "slow" processes of individual allocation and growth, population dynamics and disturbance are implemented once each simulation year (Figure 1). (lu.se)
  • However, it is unclear how local extinctions affect regional processes, such as the distribution of diversity in space, especially if extinctions show spatial patterns, such as being clustered. (santafe.edu)
  • The geographic mosaic theory of coevolution ('GMTC') hypothesizes that three processes are the primary drivers of coevolutionary dynamics: intermingled coevolutionary hot and cold spots, selection mosaics and trait remixing. (nature.com)
  • Apparent increased estimates of extinction and turnover rates at the edge of range, versus the interior, could be a function of decreased detection probabilities alone, and not of a biological process. (usgs.gov)
  • Reference: "High-harmonic spectroscopy of low-energy electron-scattering dynamics in liquids" by Angana Mondal, Ofer Neufeld, Zhong Yin, Zahra Nourbakhsh, Vít Svoboda, Angel Rubio, Nicolas Tancogne-Dejean and Hans Jakob Wörner, 28 September 2023, Nature Physics . (scitechdaily.com)
  • Extinction dynamics from metastable coexistences in an evolutionary game. (mpg.de)
  • Eco-evolutionary spatial dynamics of non-linear social dilemmas. (mpg.de)
  • By viewing this capacity as a trait, evolvability is subject to natural selection and thus plays a critical role in eco-evolutionary dynamics. (lu.se)
  • Importantly, recolonization dynamics depended more strongly on the spatial distribution than on the number of patch extinctions: clustered local patch extinctions resulted in slower recovery, lower α-diversity and higher β-diversity. (santafe.edu)
  • Using highly controlled microcosm experiments and theoretical models, we ask here how the number and spatial autocorrelation of extinctions interactively affect metacommunity dynamics. (santafe.edu)
  • We found that local patch extinctions increased local diversity (α-diversity) and inter-patch diversity (β-diversity) by delaying the exclusion of inferior competitors. (santafe.edu)
  • Especially on small islands such as those present in the Caribbean, threat of local extinction is high. (wur.nl)
  • From these models, we distil insights into the general mathematical structure of the risk of extinction by time t, P0(t). (ufz.de)
  • The risk of extinction in the established phase is constant and given by 1/Tm. (ufz.de)
  • Extinction over the entire current range of the devil is therefore a real possibility and an unacceptable risk. (springer.com)
  • Models for extinction risk are necessarily simple. (santafe.edu)
  • NOAA Fisheries is hosting a Thorny Skate Extinction Risk Workshop to discuss the threats to thorny skates and their risk of extinction. (savingseafood.org)
  • About 90 per cent of all the living things on the planet were wiped out in the Permian mass extinction - described in a 2005 book called When Life Nearly Died - for reasons that have been long debated by scientists. (wattsupwiththat.com)
  • The cause for the end Permian mass extinction, the greatest challenge life on Earth faced in its geologic history, is still hotly debated by scientists. (wattsupwiththat.com)
  • Consequently, the huge quantities of methane emitted into the atmosphere and the oceans accelerated global warming and marked the negative δ 13 C spike observed in marine carbonates, documenting the onset of the mass extinction period. (wattsupwiththat.com)
  • BP: Nowadays, scientists are aware of five mass extinction events in the past, starting with the End-Ordovician Extinction 450 million years ago and up to the End-Cretaceous Extinction that killed off the dinosaurs 66 million years ago ( see chart ). (earthprotect.com)
  • The worst mass extinction of all time came about 250 million years ago [the Permian-Triassic extinction event ]. (earthprotect.com)
  • By incorporating ratio-dependent incidence function and logistic growth of the healthy cells, the model can capture a wide range of biologically relevant phenomena via the disease-free, endemic, mutual extinction steady states, and a stable periodic orbit. (aimsciences.org)
  • This NSM shows that, overall, larger animals with slower metabolisms are the most stable against extinction by starvation. (santafe.edu)
  • Viral dynamics within plant hosts can be important for understanding plant disease prevalence and impacts. (aimsciences.org)
  • However, few mathematical modeling efforts aim to characterize within-plant viral dynamics. (aimsciences.org)
  • In the clonal extinction patients, NAC eliminated the tumor cells, leaving only normal cell types post-treatment. (medindia.net)
  • This project offers a unique opportunity to delve into the dynamics of genetic variation and its implications for conservation biology, providing valuable contributions to the field and paving the way for future research in biodiversity conservation. (lu.se)
  • Extinction rates were higher at the edges (0.17 ' 0.03 [SE]) than in the interiors (0.04 ' 0.01), as was turnover. (usgs.gov)
  • Knowledge of extinction and turnover rates is essential in furthering our understanding of range dynamics, and in directing conservation efforts. (usgs.gov)
  • Our findings open the door to a deeper understanding of ultrafast dynamics in liquids. (scitechdaily.com)
  • Their findings that TNBC patients fall into clonal extinction or clonal persistent groups may be applicable to patient outcomes or survival. (medindia.net)
  • Finally, Nist and Shahan explored the temporal dynamics of resurgence during alternative reinforcement thinning via within-session progressive-interval in two experiments. (abainternational.org)
  • Employing incoherent broadband cavity enhanced absorption spectroscopy (IBBCEAS), the spectra were found to be unstructured with a general lack of isolated features suggesting that the extinction was not solely based on absorption but was in fact dominated by scattering from particles formed in the photolysis of the respective polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon. (ucc.ie)
  • The dynamics of foraging and the interaction of body size in foraging and resource availability, these are all rich problems for which there is beautiful phenomenology," says Redner. (santafe.edu)
  • Therefore, it is crucial to investigate extinctions and their consequences in a spatially explicit framework. (santafe.edu)
  • Researchers employed intense laser fields to uncover unique electron dynamics in liquids, providing new insights into the high-harmonic spectrum and revealing the significance of the electron's mean free path in determining photon energy limits. (scitechdaily.com)
  • The two key objectives of this project are 1) to reconstruct the possible causes for Haast's eagle extinction and 2) to identify the functional genomic basis of island gigantism in Haast's eagle. (otago.ac.nz)
  • The Nutritional State-structured Model (NSM) by former Omidyar Fellow Justin Yeakel (UC Merced), Omidyar Fellow Chris Kempes , and SFI Professor Sidney Redner incorporates body size and metabolic scaling into an extinction model where 'hungry' or 'full' animals, great and small, interact and procreate on a landscape with limited resources. (santafe.edu)
  • Many mathematical models have been proposed to describe the dynamics of competition between two languages in a given region. (scirp.org)
  • On the dynamics of the collapse of a diffusion-flame. (cambridge.org)
  • The collapse dynamics of a diffusion-flame hole in the presence of a counterflow are studied. (cambridge.org)
  • Ecological feedback on diffusion dynamics. (mpg.de)
  • We present an approach to evaluate any simulation model concerned with extinction. (ufz.de)
  • However, the prediction of extinction from the model is sensitive to the estimate of the latent period, which is poorly known. (springer.com)
  • The extinction spectra of static naphthalene and static biphenylene vapor, each buffered with a noble gas at room temperature, were measured as a function of time in the region between 390 and 850 nm after UV multi-photon laser photolysis at 308 nm. (ucc.ie)
  • This order parameter) and dynamics (rotational correlation time and view of the D state is implicit in all solution transfer models of pro- residence time) of hydration water. (lu.se)
  • Using a ratio-dependent transformation, we show that if the infection rate is very high relative to the growth rate of healthy cells, then the system collapses to the mutual extinction steady state. (aimsciences.org)
  • Our parameter estimates suggest that varying the nutrient supply of nitrogen and phosphorous can alter the dynamics of the infection in plants, specifically reducing the rate of viral production and the rate of infection in certain cases. (aimsciences.org)
  • We found that the consolidation of an extinction memory depends on US duration during training and ruled out the possibility that this effect is attributable to differences in satiation after conditioning. (jneurosci.org)
  • We argue that plant genotype should also impact metapopulation dynamics, because plant genotype affected the number of available colonists and directly affected mite extinction rates. (nau.edu)
  • This study further illustrates the practical application of methods proposed recently for estimating extinction rates and other community dynamic parameters. (usgs.gov)
  • 1. The evolution and extinction of New Zealand's Haast's eagle. (otago.ac.nz)
  • The team of researchers, which also included scientists from the Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter (MPSD) in Hamburg and ETH Zurich, reported on the unique behavior of liquids when irradiated by intense lasers. (scitechdaily.com)
  • We conclude that consolidation of an extinction memory is triggered only when the duration of the US reaches a critical threshold. (jneurosci.org)
  • This memory is termed extinction memory and undergoes consolidation ( Quirk and Mueller, 2008 ). (jneurosci.org)
  • An international team of researchers has now demonstrated that it is possible to probe electron dynamics in liquids using intense laser fields and to retrieve the electron's mean free path - the average distance an electron can travel before colliding with another particle. (scitechdaily.com)
  • As transmission appears to occur by biting, much of which happens during sexual encounters, the dynamics of the disease may be typical of sexually transmitted diseases. (springer.com)
  • But Cambridge Professor Peter Wadhams , our favourite sea ice alarmist, thinks the attempt to link the Permian extinction to modern events is a bit wild. (wattsupwiththat.com)
  • That's one of the questions that New Yorker science writer Elizabeth Kolbert explores in her new book, The Sixth Extinction , an in-depth look at the science of extinction and the ways we're altering life on the planet. (earthprotect.com)
  • The causes for its extinction about 600 years ago are likely related to human arrival, but otherwise unclear. (otago.ac.nz)