• Cancerous tumors are complex mixtures of malignant and non-malignant cells shaping the tumor microenvironment (TME). (nature.com)
  • Mouse tumor inoculation models revealed that the tumor-forming capabilities of OS5K-3 ENG + and ENG - cells in vivo were highly dependent on the microenvironment, with the renal microenvironment most preferable to ENG + cells. (nih.gov)
  • tumor microenvironment. (nih.gov)
  • Thus, the APJ system in fibroblasts in the tumor microenvironment may be a promising therapeutic target. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • The tumor microenvironment consists of various cell types and fibroblasts in the tumor tissue, called cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), which play pivotal role in tumor progression ( 7 , 8 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • The mutational inactivation of the TP53 gene in tumor cells has been reported to affect not only tumor cells but also the surrounding cells in the tumor microenvironment and to promote tumor-stromal activation and subsequent tumor growth ( 11 , 12 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Finally, we identify enhanced expression of FCRL6, another MHC-II receptor expressed on NK and T cells, in the microenvironment of MHC-II+ tumors. (jci.org)
  • Such studies are helpful in understanding the role of cancer exosomes in immune cells suppression in tumor microenvironment . (bvsalud.org)
  • Advances in immunotherapy have shed greater focus on the role of tumor-infiltrating immune cells, which are vital components of the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). (aging-us.com)
  • TP53 mutations are also associated with the infiltration of immune cells into the tumor microenvironment [ 10 - 12 ]. (aging-us.com)
  • Adipocytes represent a major cell type in the mammary tumor microenvironment and are important for tumor growth. (jci.org)
  • Adipocyte-derived factors involved in tumor progression include proteins such as adiponectin, leptin, TNF-α, monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), IL-6, and ECM components that control tumor cell behavior within the tumor microenvironment. (jci.org)
  • The latter includes gene expression profiling, which measures the transcriptional response of a tumour to its hypoxic microenvironment. (ox.ac.uk)
  • This online seminar focused on recent advances in gene expression profiling of challenging formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue samples for cancer research and clinical practice. (genomeweb.com)
  • Dr. Gazdar and Dr. Girard developed a 62-gene mRNA expression signature as an adjunct test for routine histopathological classification of NSCLCs, which includes many genes used in immunostains for NSCLC typing. (genomeweb.com)
  • Next, Bryan Lo of the Ottawa Hospital discussed a method for gene expression profiling of pancreatic cancer precursors directly from FFPE tissues without nucleic acid extraction. (genomeweb.com)
  • Gene expression analysis of pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia's (PanINs), the classical pancreatic cancer precursor, has been challenging because extracting and purifying RNA from pancreatic tissue is difficult. (genomeweb.com)
  • Dr. Lo and colleagues believe that most of these PanIN lesions would not have been amenable to other gene expression methodologies and that the PanIN data collected using the HTG EdgeSeq technology will contribute to a better understanding of the molecular pathways that underlie pancreatic cancer. (genomeweb.com)
  • Here we developed PUREE, which uses a weakly supervised learning approach to infer tumor purity from a tumor gene expression profile. (nature.com)
  • PUREE was trained on gene expression data and genomic consensus purity estimates from 7864 solid tumor samples. (nature.com)
  • Gene features of PUREE were further validated using single-cell RNA-seq data from distinct tumor types. (nature.com)
  • Overall, PUREE is a highly accurate and versatile method for estimating tumor purity and interrogating tumor heterogeneity from bulk tumor gene expression data, which can complement genomics-based approaches or be used in settings where genomic data is unavailable. (nature.com)
  • Existing methods that estimate tumor purity from a tumor gene expression profile adopt different analytical strategies (Supplementary Note 1 , 2 ). (nature.com)
  • Can Gene Expression Predict if a Brain Tumor Is Likely to Grow Back? (ucsf.edu)
  • Now, researchers at UC San Francisco and Northwestern Medicine, in collaboration with 10 other medical centers, have found a highly accurate way to predict the best treatment for patients based on patterns of gene expression - which genes are turned on and off - in their tumors. (ucsf.edu)
  • In a paper appearing Nov. 9, 2023 in Nature Medicine , the team concluded that just 1 in 5 patients with low-grade tumors (those less likely to regrow) may need radiation, while around 2 in 5 with higher-grade tumors may be better off without radiation, based on the results of the new gene-expression test. (ucsf.edu)
  • Gene-expression tests like this, that analyze a small number of genes at a time, are widely available for breast, prostate and some other cancers, and they've proven to be a very accurate and inexpensive alternative to other types of tests," said Chen. (ucsf.edu)
  • Raleigh and Chen and their multidisciplinary team suspected that gene expression could more accurately point out the patients who would be helped by radiotherapy. (ucsf.edu)
  • Using samples from 1,856 meningioma patients at 12 medical centers in the U.S., Europe and Hong Kong, Raleigh's team came up with a set of 34 genes whose gene expression patterns had the potential to predict whether a tumor would return. (ucsf.edu)
  • The up-regulation of proto-oncogene may be the consequence of epigenetic control of gene expression by demethylase, and mbd2 is involved in the regulation of hMSH2 expression in human gastric cancer. (wjgnet.com)
  • Gene expression in aggressive fibromatosis. (dtrf.org)
  • Common markers were analyzed in gene expression profiles of two studies (GSE31023 and GSE72577). (researchsquare.com)
  • The researchers also found that two-fifths of patients with Grade 2 and 3 tumors did not have a recurrence, and this, too, could be predicted by the tumor's gene expression. (anxiety-stress-management.com)
  • TP53 is a significant tumor suppressor gene, and its somatic mutations are one of the most frequent alterations in ~50% of all human cancers, including colorectal cancer ( 10 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Metastatic spread is responsible for the majority of cancer-associated deaths and is affected by a variety of factors, including the deregulation of gene expression, signal transduction, and epigenetic modification, as well as epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and the transformation of tumor cells into stem/progenitor cells. (jcancer.org)
  • Scholars@Duke publication: Transcriptional down-regulation of tumor necrosis factor-alpha gene expression by a synthetic peptide homologous to retroviral envelope protein. (duke.edu)
  • Taken together, these results suggest that the synthetic retroviral peptide CKS-17 down-regulates TNF-alpha mRNA expression through inhibition of transcriptional activation of the TNF-alpha gene, which requires de novo synthesis of a transcriptional repressor protein(s). (duke.edu)
  • It is speculated that hypermethylation of the RUNX3 gene promoter and overexpression of GATA-4, a transcription factor that regulates differentiation and function of yolk sac endoderm, may play important roles in the pathogenesis of yolk sac tumors (YSTs). (medscape.com)
  • Most patients carry a missing or damaged p53 gene, a tumor suppressor whose activity is impaired in almost 50% of all cancers. (nature.com)
  • Signal transduction pathways regulate gene expression in part by modulating the stability of specific mRNAs. (ed.ac.uk)
  • Our findings demonstrate a direct link between a specific signal transduction pathway and a specific RNA-binding protein, both of which are known to regulate TNF-alpha gene expression at a posttranscriptional level. (ed.ac.uk)
  • Upon depletion of RBPJ using CRISPR/Cas9, we observed specific upregulation of Notch target gene expression. (mdpi.com)
  • How does tumour necrosis factor uncouple T-cell receptor-induced IL-2 gene expression in murine T cells? (biomedcentral.com)
  • Adenomatoid tumors of the female and male genital tract are characterized by somatic missense mutations in the TRAF7 gene, which leads to aberrant NF-kB pathway activation. (wikipedia.org)
  • The survival outcomes of CCA patients were associated with the TP53 gene mutation status, levels of Oncostatin M (OSM) expression, and the proportions of tumor-infiltrating immune cell types, including dendritic cells, monocytes, and T follicular helper cells. (aging-us.com)
  • The transcriptional complex hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) has emerged as an important mediator of gene expression patterns in tumors, although the range of responding genes is still incompletely defined. (ox.ac.uk)
  • These studies define a new class of HIF-1-responsive gene, the activation of which has implications for the understanding of hypoxic tumor metabolism and which may provide endogenous markers for tumor hypoxia. (ox.ac.uk)
  • In this study, we investigated the methylation/hypomethylation status in the promoter region of the mesothelin gene in gynecological tumors. (imrpress.com)
  • Gene Expression Signatures as Biomarkers of Tumour Hypoxia. (ox.ac.uk)
  • A systematic review identified 32 published hypoxia gene expression signatures. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Can tumor gene expression profiling improve outcomes in patients with breast cancer? (cdc.gov)
  • Desmoid tumors occur at a rate of 10-15% in patients with FAP, an autosomal inherited disease caused by germline mutations in the APC gene. (medscape.com)
  • [ 11 ] Desmoid tumors show biallelic APC mutation, with one change usually occurring distal to the second beta-catenin binding/degradation repeat of the gene (3' to codon 1399). (medscape.com)
  • In desmoid tumors, one of the two mutations usually occurs distal to the second beta-catenin binding/degradation repeat of the gene (3' to codon 1399). (medscape.com)
  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are an integral part of the post-transcriptional machinery of gene expression and have been implicated in the carcinogenic cascade. (cdc.gov)
  • To investigate tumor necrosis factor α (TNF α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1 β) regulation of CCL3 expression in nucleus pulposus (NP) cells and in macrophage migration. (shu.ac.uk)
  • For example, the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) p38 pathway mediates stabilization of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) mRNA in myeloid cells stimulated with bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). (ed.ac.uk)
  • T-cell receptor (TCR)-induced IL-2 expression is suppressed at the level of mRNA and protein following chronic culture of T cells with tumour necrosis factor (TNF) at picomolar concentrations, an effect that is reversible upon removal of TNF. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Clark JM, Annenkov AE, Panesar M, Isomäki P, Chernajovsky Y, Cope AP: T cell receptor zeta reconstitution fails to restore responses of T cells rendered hyporesponsive by tumor necrosis factor alpha. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In differentiated human THP-1 macrophages and human and mouse alveolar macrophages stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and other Toll-like receptor ligands, hypercapnia inhibited expression of tumor necrosis factor and interleukin (IL)-6, nuclear factor (NF)-κB-dependent cytokines critical for antimicrobial host defense. (northwestern.edu)
  • Extracellular Domain Of The 55Kda Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor. (lu.se)
  • Crystallographic evidence for dimerization of unliganded tumor necrosis factor receptor. (lu.se)
  • To explore the application value of tumor markers carcinoembryonic antigen and cytokeratin 19 fragment in the progression and prognosis of middle-advanced non-small cell lung cancer. (ijpsonline.com)
  • Cancer‑associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are pivotal in tumor progression. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Background: Cellular senescence is a major barrier to tumour progression, though its role in pathogenesis of cancer and other diseases is poorly understood in vivo. (gla.ac.uk)
  • A single normal cell randomly acquires a series of mutations that allows it to proliferate and to be transformed into a cancer cell (i.e., founding clone), which initiates tumor progression and recurrence. (nature.com)
  • Functional enrichment analysis of the DEGs in the high OSM-expressing CCA tissues showed that pathways related to tumor progression and immune response were significantly upregulated. (aging-us.com)
  • Administration of bacteria significantly enhanced survival rate, suppressed tumor progression and lowered expression levels of MMP-9, VEGFR2, CD31and Ki67 as potent markers for angiogenesis, tumor proliferation and metastasis. (authorea.com)
  • Whether in the early diagnosis of tumor, in the monitoring of metastasis and recurrence or in the evaluation of efficacy and prognosis, tumor markers were very important clinical reference indicators[ 4 , 5 ]. (ijpsonline.com)
  • Many studies showed that the carcinoem-bryonic antigen (CEA) and human cytokeratin fragment antigen 21-1 (CYFRA21-1) has a high value in predicting tumor recurrence and judging the prognosis of patients[ 2 , 3 ]. (ijpsonline.com)
  • Patients with increased EpoR-mRNA expression had a higher local cancer recurrence rate (p=0.021), however, no significant difference in overall survival was observed. (iiarjournals.org)
  • We have previously shown that tumor founding clone mutations are able to predict tumor recurrence. (nature.com)
  • This course and the tendency for recurrence make the treatment of these relatively rare fibrous tumors challenging. (medscape.com)
  • DeMixT uses probabilistic modeling to infer proportions of stromal and cancer-cell components from a set of input samples, comprising both tumor and normal-tissue samples 8 . (nature.com)
  • Most samples from primary tumors expressed P-gp at the same levels as normal brain tissue except for schwannomas, in which levels were reduced by 65%, and meningiomas, in which levels were more than 10-fold higher in 7 of 10 samples. (nih.gov)
  • Analysis was performed on tissue sections by immunohistochemically staining for IGF-1R expression. (tubitak.gov.tr)
  • Recent discovery of several new markers allows for an expression profiling approach to study specific senescence phenotypes in relevant tissue samples. (gla.ac.uk)
  • Patients and Methods: Tissue samples from 107 patients with breast cancer who did not receive rhEpo and from 12 patients with benign lesions were retrospectively analysed for EpoR expression by RT-PCR and Western blot, and the results were correlated to clinical and demographic data. (iiarjournals.org)
  • Analysis of degenerated human NP tissue samples showed that CCL3, but not CCL4, expression correlated positively with the grade of tissue degeneration. (shu.ac.uk)
  • Can testing of tumor tissue for mutations in EGFR pathway downstream effector genes. (cdc.gov)
  • The aim of this study was to isolate three members of miR-200 family from tumor tissue, plasma and urine of high-grade serous ovarian cancer patients in comparison with samples from patients with benign ovarian tumors. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Tumor tissue and plasma, but not urine analysis was able to discriminate malignant and benign samples. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Tumor tissue samples were collected at the operating-room into tubes containing Tissue Tek ® , snap frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored at − 80 °C. 10 × 10 μm sections of the samples were cut using a Leica CM3050S cryostat (Leica Microsystems GmbH, Wetzlar, Germany) and RNA was collected with TRI Reagent ® (Molecular Research Center Inc. Cincinnati, OH, USA) according to the manufacturer's protocol. (biomedcentral.com)
  • When used as a diagnosis tool, the excision biopsy can collect a tissue sample from the tumor. (wikipedia.org)
  • Chemo-radio therapeutic outcomes are poor in CCA patients because the tumor is highly desmoplastic with fibrogenic connective tissue and immune cells such as T lymphocytes, natural killer (NK) cells and macrophages that infiltrate the tumor epithelium [ 4 ]. (aging-us.com)
  • Forty-four ovarian tumor specimens and 16 cases of uterine endometrial carcinoma, and normal tissue specimens were used. (imrpress.com)
  • We speculate that, although methylation/hypomethylation changes may affect its transcription, other mechanisms may synergically operate in tissue-specific expression and tumor-related mesothelin overexpression. (imrpress.com)
  • Collagen VI (COL6) is highly expressed in adipose tissue, upregulated in the obese state, and enriched in breast cancer lesions and is a stimulator of mammary tumor growth. (jci.org)
  • These effects were partially mediated through enhanced TGF-β signaling, which contributes to tissue fibrosis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of tumor cells. (jci.org)
  • Desmoid tumors often appear as infiltrative, usually well-differentiated, firm overgrowths of fibrous tissue, and they are locally aggressive. (medscape.com)
  • Using mouse models, we validated the metastatic potential of tumor clusters was higher than single cells in vivo . (jcancer.org)
  • Moreover, ETP expression was associated with aggressive mammary tumor growth and high metastatic growth. (jci.org)
  • The results showed that lycopene reduced the number of metastatic tumors in the lungs, which was further suppressed by the combined treatment with sorafenib. (frontiersin.org)
  • Compared with the clinical monitoring techniques of Computed tomography (CT), Positron emission tomography computed tomography (PET-CT), and specific biomarkers, the detection of serum tumor markers was more simple, rapid and less invasive and has important clinical application value[ 6 - 9 ]. (ijpsonline.com)
  • Taking into account the important regulatory roles that miRNAs have in cancer development, by acting either as oncogenes or as tumor-suppressor genes, they represent potential biomarkers in ovarian cancer [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Bacteria bearing constructs were then IV administered in mice bearing tumors and then tumor localization, as well as tumor proliferation, invasion and angiogenesis biomarkers (Ki-67, VEGFR, CD31and MMP9), changes in cytokine profile, suppression of tumor growth and survival were analyzed. (authorea.com)
  • The levels of serum tumor markers were detected by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. (ijpsonline.com)
  • Overexpression of tumor markers in Extracellular vesicles (EV), especially in tumor-derived exosomes (TDEs), is implicated in metastasis. (researchsquare.com)
  • We explored molecular markers shared between TDEs and circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in the blood of cancer patients to identify candidate genes involved in CRC metastasis. (researchsquare.com)
  • CAFs and normal fibroblasts differ with respect to the expression of various markers, such as fibrotic markers, growth factors, chemokines and cytokines ( 9 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • IGF-1R could be included among con rmatory markers for ESTs and, from a therapeutic viewpoint, ESTs should also be examined for IGF-1R expression for bene cial regimens. (tubitak.gov.tr)
  • These observations raised the question of whether the expression of ER-β in breast tumors was correlated with known prognostic and endocrine treatment response markers. (aacrjournals.org)
  • We adopted a "senescence scoring" methodology based on expression profiles of multiple senescence markers to examine the degree to which signals of damage-associated or secretory senescence persist in various human tumours. (gla.ac.uk)
  • Thus, women with greater lymphocyte tumor infiltration had better outcome and PD-L1/PD-1 expression, regardless of PD-1/PD-L1 being markers for immune suppressive pathways, conferred a survival benefit in our cohort. (lu.se)
  • Sclerosing Sertoli cell tumor without expression of typical sex cord stromal tumor markers: case report and literature review. (qxmd.com)
  • We present an unusual case of sclerosing Sertoli cell tumor in a 33-year-old Caucasian male, which was negative or weakly reactive using immunohistochemical markers typically positive in Sertoli cell tumors. (qxmd.com)
  • This is the second reported case of a Sertoli cell tumor with reactivity limited to neuroendocrine markers and the first such case of the sclerosing variant. (qxmd.com)
  • Our case highlights that expected immunohistochemical markers may be negative, and awareness of antigenically unreactive tumors is needed to avoid confusion between Sertoli cell tumor and other entities. (qxmd.com)
  • Immunohistochemistry staining of tumor samples show that it is indeed positive for mesothelial-markers (calretinin, WT1, and CK6). (wikipedia.org)
  • Raleigh, along with Magill and lead author William Chen , MD, decided to look at classifying tumors according to which of their genes are turned on and off, thereby offering clues to how aggressive they might be. (ucsf.edu)
  • In blood samples from 20 CRC patients, the expression of candidate genes was assessed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in CTC, TDEs, and microvesicles (MVs), and the expression levels were correlated with clinicopathological features. (researchsquare.com)
  • To further confirm, the expression of candidate genes was investigated in exosomes derived from the parental HT-29 colorectal cancer cell line (HT-29-EXOs), and cancer stem cells (CSCs) -enriched spheroids (CSC-EXOs) derived thereof. (researchsquare.com)
  • In renal carcinoma cells that are defective for the von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) tumor suppressor, up-regulation of these CAs is associated with loss of regulation by hypoxia, consistent with the critical function of pVHL in the regulation of HIF-1. (ox.ac.uk)
  • By investigating compound FcγR-deficient mouse strains and by using immune cell type-specific cell ablation we show that the IgG antibody-mediated tumor protection elicited by MCMV-TRP2 mainly depends on FcγRI expression on macrophages, whereas FcγRIV plays only a modest role. (oncotarget.com)
  • Thus, tumor-specific antibody therapy might benefit from combination therapy that recruits FcγRI-expressing pro-inflammatory macrophages to the tumor micro-environment. (oncotarget.com)
  • We mapped the presence of macrophages (CD68 and CD163) and lymphocytes (CD3) located within the tumor epithelium, the cell type-specific expression of PD-L1 and PD-1, and their impact on 5-year overall survival (OS) in a consecutive cohort of 130 women diagnosed with advanced HGSC between 2011 and 2015. (lu.se)
  • PD-L1 was expressed mainly by macrophages (not by tumor cells) and PD-1 by lymphocytes. (lu.se)
  • They are also known as endodermal sinus tumors or primitive endodermal tumors. (medscape.com)
  • 2005) and, although there has been described no significant implication of TAK1 in HNSCC development, we have further examined the role of its mRNA expression as a marker of prognosis in HNSCC. (cun.es)
  • CCA patients with a higher proportion of neutrophils and T-regulatory cells (Tregs) and lower proportion of CD8 + T cells in the tumor tissues are associated with poor prognosis [ 5 ]. (aging-us.com)
  • It is di erentially expressed in various types of tumors. (tubitak.gov.tr)
  • Background/aim: Insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R) is a pivotal receptor tyrosine kinase involved in the cell cycle and malignant tumor transformation. (tubitak.gov.tr)
  • Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a highly malignant tumor originating from the intra- or extra-hepatic bile ducts that has shown increasing morbidity and mortality rates worldwide in the last few years [ 1 ]. (aging-us.com)
  • Unlike some malignant mesotheliomas, adenomatoid tumors do not harbor CDKN2A deleterious mutations. (wikipedia.org)
  • Recent studies demonstrate that somatic mutations in the tumor tissues influence immunotherapeutic response in several cancers [ 6 , 7 ]. (aging-us.com)
  • Somatic mutations can reduce or abolish the ability of immune cells to recognize neoantigens on the tumor cells [ 8 ]. (aging-us.com)
  • Our meta-analysis shows that tumor and tumor-infiltrating immune cell PD-L1 overexpression based on IHC is associated with significantly higher response rates to PD-1/PD-L1 axis inhibitors across a range of malignant solid tumors. (medpagetoday.com)
  • TSPAN7 overexpression in the murine myeloma cell line 5TGM1 significantly reduced tumour burden in 5TGM1/KaLwRij mice 4 weeks after intravenous adminstration of 5TGM1 cells. (physiciansweekly.com)
  • Overexpression and knockdown assays were used to examine the effects of TRIM28 on the expression of MAGEC2 protein. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This confirmed that the overexpression of the proto-oncogenes in the tumor cells required elevated intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species and calcium. (cdc.gov)
  • In addition to the scavengers of reactive oxygen species and calcium, inhibitors specific for transcription (actinomycin D), protein kinase C (RO-31-8220), and MAP kinase (PD 98059) also blocked the cadmium-induced overexpression of the proto-oncogenes in the tumor cells. (cdc.gov)
  • In the present study, MDR1 P-gp was immunodetected by Western blot analysis in 60 human brain tumors, including meningiomas, schwannomas, low-grade gliomas (astrocytomas, pilocytic astrocytomas) and high-grade gliomas (anaplastic astrocytomas, glioblastomas and anaplastic oligodendrogliomas). (nih.gov)
  • These results indicate that the majority of primary brain tumors express MDR1 P-gp and that its high expression levels in meningiomas may be a marker for this type of brain tumor. (nih.gov)
  • Unlike other brain tumors, meningiomas occur most often in female, Black and elderly patients. (ucsf.edu)
  • Furthermore, the relative expression of ER-α and ER-β mRNA changes between normal human breast tissues and their concurrent matched ER+ breast tumors (6) , suggesting that altered expression of ER-α and ER-β occurs and may be functionally involved in breast tumorigenesis. (aacrjournals.org)
  • While anaemia and the associated restriction of iron in the circulation is hypothesised to result from a defence strategy of the body to limit the availability of this essential nutrient for rapid proliferating tissues ( 2 , 4 ), the associated development of tumour hypoxia is considered to contribute to tumour resistance towards chemo- and radiotherapy ( 5 ). (iiarjournals.org)
  • Thus, it has been hypothesised that an increase of oxygen delivery to tumour tissues upon correction of anaemia may improve response rates to radio- and chemotherapy ( 6 ). (iiarjournals.org)
  • EpoR expression was investigated in frozen mammary biopsy samples tissues which were obtained during surgery performed at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Innsbruck Medical University, Austria between December 1994 and May 1998. (iiarjournals.org)
  • Furthermore, expression levels of MAGEC2 and TRIM28 are positively correlated in MAGEC2-positive human hepatocellular carcinoma tissues ( p = 0.0011). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Although adenomatoid tumors are not known to infiltrate surrounding tissues, it is possible that there are multiple adenomatoid tumors in the same area. (wikipedia.org)
  • L1 cell adhesion molecule (L1CAM), a marker of NF-kB pathway activation, has been shown to be expressed in adenomatoid tumors (and negative in other benign mesothelial tissues and mesothelioma). (wikipedia.org)
  • However, only limited types of tumor-infiltrating immune cells have been analyzed in CCA tissues and the mechanisms regulating the tumor infiltration of immune cells are poorly understood. (aging-us.com)
  • Desmoid tumors are cytologically bland fibrous neoplasms originating from the musculoaponeurotic structures throughout the body. (medscape.com)
  • Although desmoid tumors can arise in any skeletal muscle, they most commonly develop in the anterior abdominal wall and shoulder girdle. (medscape.com)
  • [ 4 ] . Implant-associated breast desmoid tumors may occur. (medscape.com)
  • Immunostaining with vimentin, alpha smooth muscle actin, muscle actin, and desmin are helpful in distinguishing the tumors in the differential diagnosis of desmoid tumors. (medscape.com)
  • Primary surgery with negative surgical margins is the most successful primary treatment modality for desmoid tumors. (medscape.com)
  • [ 7 ] Since desmoid tumors do not metastasize, many approaches are nonoperative in nature. (medscape.com)
  • [ 8 ] Since desmoid tumors may stabilize and regress, active observation is an option. (medscape.com)
  • Although desmoid tumors most commonly arise from the rectus abdominis muscle in postpartum women and in scars due to abdominal surgery, they may arise in any skeletal muscle. (medscape.com)
  • Desmoid tumors tend to infiltrate adjacent muscle bundles, frequently entrapping them and causing their degeneration. (medscape.com)
  • The myofibroblast is the cell considered to be responsible for the development of desmoid tumors (see Procedures). (medscape.com)
  • Additionally, evidence also exists for a genetic predisposition to desmoid tumors in FAP, independent of the APC mutation. (medscape.com)
  • However, unknown genetic factors independent of APC may be important in the susceptibility to desmoid tumors in patients with FAP. (medscape.com)
  • According to real-time PCR, expression of PDGFA (P=0.0086) and RAF1 (P=0.048) were upregulated in TDEs but significantly decreased (P=0.0001) in MVs. (researchsquare.com)
  • APJ expression in fibroblasts co‑cultured with p53‑suppressed colon cancer cells (HCT116 sh p53 cells) was significantly lower than in control colon cancer cells (HCT116 sh control cells). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • When the level of estrogen receptor (ER)-β mRNA in tumors, determined by reverse transcription-PCR, was assessed according to either ER status or PR status alone, determined by ligand binding assays, the level of ER-β mRNA was significantly lower in PR+ tumors compared with PR−tumors ( P = 0.036), and no association with ER status was found. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Subgroup analysis showed that ER-β mRNA expression in ER+/PR+ breast tumors was significantly less than in ER+/PR− ( P = 0.009), ER−/PR+ ( P = 0.029), and ER−/PR− ( P = 0.023) groups. (aacrjournals.org)
  • In comparing the clinicopathological features of 451 IMPC patients and 282 IDC-NST patients, our results showed that tumor emboli were significantly higher in IMPC patients and were associated with a high frequency of metastasis. (jcancer.org)
  • Almost all the patients with a yolk sac tumor (YST), either in pure form or mixed form have a significantly elevated serum alpha fetoprotein (AFP). (medscape.com)
  • The expression level of MAGEC2 protein was significantly reduced when TRIM28 was depleted in tumor cells, and no changes were observed in MAGEC2 mRNA level. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In this study, we found that expression of MAGEC2 protein in tumor cells depends on the expression of TRIM28, a reduction in the level of endogenous TRIM28 expression in melanoma cells resulting in significantly decreased expression of MAGEC2 protein. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Lentiviral transduction with short hairpin RNA for p65 (shp65) and shIKKβ significantly decreased the TNF α dependent increase in CCL3 expression. (shu.ac.uk)
  • Hypoxia-inducible expression of tumor-associated carbonic anhydrases. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Both CA9 and CA12 were strongly induced by hypoxia in a range of tumor cell lines. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Further studies of CA9 defined a HIF-1-dependent hypoxia response element in the minimal promoter and demonstrated that tight regulation by the HIF/pVHL system was reflected in the pattern of CA IX expression within tumors. (ox.ac.uk)
  • In comparison with vascular endothelial growth factor mRNA, expression of CA IX demonstrated a similar, although more tightly circumscribed, pattern of expression around regions of necrosis and showed substantial although incomplete overlap with activation of the hypoxia marker pimonidazole. (ox.ac.uk)
  • The clinical use of hypoxia-targeting treatment will benefit from the development of a biomarker to assess tumour hypoxia. (ox.ac.uk)
  • There are several possible techniques that measure either the level of oxygen or the tumour molecular response to hypoxia. (ox.ac.uk)
  • The proportion of malignant cancer cells in the tumor mass, herein referred to as tumor purity, also impacts genomic analysis such as the estimation of clonal composition 6 and tumor mutation burden 7 , critical for predicting treatment outcomes and selecting patients for immunotherapy. (nature.com)
  • Cancer/testis antigen MAGEC2 (also known as HCA587) is highly expressed in a wide variety of tumors and plays an active role in promoting growth and metastasis of tumor cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Overall, the present study demonstrates that lycopene in combination with sorafenib additively inhibits the lung metastasis of tumor, indicating lycopene has potential as an adjuvant for sorafenib in cancer treatment. (frontiersin.org)
  • In this meta-analysis of clinical trials of PD-1/PD-L1-targeted agents, we evaluate the predictive value of a tumor and tumor-infiltrating immune cell PD-L1 IHC assay as a biomarker for objective response to PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors. (medpagetoday.com)
  • TP53 expression is also a potential diagnostic biomarker in CCA patients [ 13 ]. (aging-us.com)
  • Cancer cells derived exosomes the true representatives of the parent cells have been found to modify the tumor surrounding/distinct regions and participate in metastasis , angiogenesis and immune suppression . (bvsalud.org)
  • Conclusion Overall, administration of E. coli bearing cardiac hormone expression construct could effectively suppress tumor growth, angiogenesis, invasion and metastasis while enhancing survival rate in mice model of breast cancer. (authorea.com)
  • PDGFA and RAF1 mRNA are higher in CSC-EXOs than in HT-29-EXOs, which correlates with higher expression in CSC than the primary tumor. (researchsquare.com)
  • The metalloprotease-disintegrin ADAM8 is highly expressed in GBM tumor and immune cells and correlates with poor. (uni-marburg.de)
  • High expression of wingless-type MMTV integration site family 5A (WNT5A) has been reported in melanoma and correlates with increased migration and invasion of melanoma cells. (lu.se)
  • In this methodological study, we wanted to examine whether urinary miRNA expression correlates with plasma miRNA expression. (biomedcentral.com)
  • MiR-200a, miR-200b and miR-200c were isolated from samples of nine ovarian cancer patients and seven patients with benign ovarian tumor. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Aberrant miRNA expression has been observed in various types of human cancers including ovarian cancer [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Hundreds of dysregulated miRNAs have been found in studies comparing the expression profiles of miRNAs in malignant ovarian tumors and normal ovaries. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Thus, we selected from the CHEMOVA cohort nine HGSOC patients with large tumor mass as malignant group and seven patients with benign ovarian tumor as benign group. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The average methylation of CpG sites in ovarian tumors ranged from 6-56% (median: 31%) in mesothelin-positive and 13-79% (median: 43%) in mesothelin-negative samples. (imrpress.com)
  • A correlation was found between mesothelin expression and the average methylation/hypomethylation status as well as methylation/hypomethylation status at four of 20 CpG sites in ovarian samples. (imrpress.com)
  • We detected diverse levels of methylation/hypomethylation at CpG sites in the mesothelin promoter region in ovarian and endometrial tumors. (imrpress.com)
  • Tumor-derived EV modulates cellular activities in recipient cells by transferring genetic information from cancer cells. (researchsquare.com)
  • Glioblastoma (GBM) as the most common and aggressive brain tumor is characterized by genetic heterogeneity, invasiveness, radio-/chemoresistance, and occurrence of GBM stem-like cells. (uni-marburg.de)
  • Hence, pre-existing germline variants provide a profound constraint on the evolution of tumor founding clones and subclones and therefore have a contingent effect on the genetic makeup of tumor and presumably patient outcomes. (nature.com)
  • We demonstrate that MAGEC2 interacts with TRIM28 in melanoma cells and MAGEC2 expression in tumor cells depends on the expression of TRIM28. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Recently it has been shown that vaccination with a mouse CMV (MCMV) vector expressing the melanoma-specific antigen TRP2 (MCMV-TRP2) protects mice against outgrowth of TRP2-positive B16 melanoma tumors, and this protection was dependent on the induction of IgG antibodies. (oncotarget.com)
  • In addition, we demonstrate that combined targeting of IL-6 signaling and WNT5A expression, using an anti-IL-6 antibody and a WNT5A antagonist peptide (Box5), respectively, more effectively reduces melanoma cell dissemination, as compared to each factor alone. (lu.se)
  • Our results also show that acquired BRAF-inhibitor (BRAFi) resistance leads to increased expression of HuR and WNT5A in malignant melanoma cells, and simultaneous therapeutic inhibition of HuR function and WNT5A signaling could be an efficient treatment strategy to impair the invasive migration of BRAFi-resistant melanomas. (lu.se)
  • Our first speakers, Adi Gazdar and Luc Girard from UT Southwestern Medical Center, discussed an expression-based assay for the pathological classification of non-small cell lung cancer. (genomeweb.com)
  • Variation in tumor purity (proportion of cancer cells in a sample) can both confound integrative analysis and enable studies of tumor heterogeneity. (nature.com)
  • This finding prompted us to look for semenogelin expression in the serum of lung cancer patients. (astm.org)
  • Ectopic expression of marker proteins in individuals affected by cancer could represent a potential source of forensic pitfalls. (astm.org)
  • Multidrug resistance (MDR) is associated with the expression of P-glycoprotein (P-gp), an ATP-dependent transporter which expels anti-cancer drugs from cells. (nih.gov)
  • To explore the effect of DNA methyltransferase, demethylase and methyl-CpG binding protein MeCP2 on the expressions and methylation of hMSH2 and proto-oncogene in human gastric cancer. (wjgnet.com)
  • Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) was one of the most common malignant tumors in the clinic, with high morbidity and mortality, accounting for about 80 % of the total number of lung cancer in China. (ijpsonline.com)
  • The role of exosomes collected by ultracentrifugation were also analyzed as mediators of p53 expression in cancer cells and APJ expression in fibroblasts. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • MicroRNA 5703 enriched in exosomes derived from HCT116 sh p53 cells inhibited APJ expression, and inhibition of miR‑5703 diminished APJ suppression in fibroblasts caused by cancer cells. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Interestingly, the ER-β mRNA expression was specifically decreased by progestin in T-47D breast cancer cells. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Forty invasive ductal carcinomas were selected from the National Cancer Institute of Canada-Manitoba Breast Tumor Bank (Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada). (aacrjournals.org)
  • Background: Adverse outcomes in breast cancer patients treated with recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEpo) have been linked to the expression of Epo-receptors (EpoR) in cancer cells, although limited data on the clinical significance of these observations are available. (iiarjournals.org)
  • Conclusion: Since EpoR expression is associated with hormone receptor positivity and decreased locoregional disease control, this parameter characterises a specific cancer phenotype rather than being a negative predictor itself. (iiarjournals.org)
  • In addition, co-existing factors such as vitamin deficiency, renal insufficiency, tumour infiltration into the bone marrow and local cytokine production by malignant cells within this compartment further contribute to cancer-related anaemia. (iiarjournals.org)
  • Indeed, cancer-associated anaemia is negatively associated with survivals regardless of tumour type ( 7 ), however, a more advanced anaemia is probably a reflection of an advanced tumour stage and an enhanced immune activation ( 2 , 8 ). (iiarjournals.org)
  • The present study retrospectively examined the EpoR expression in 107 mammary cancer patients and analysed their association with tumour biology and the course of the disease. (iiarjournals.org)
  • However, little is known for the regulation of MAGEC2 expression in cancer cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Our findings show that TRIM28 is necessary for MAGEC2 expression in cancer cells, and TRIM28 may serve as a new potential target for immunotherapy of cancer. (biomedcentral.com)
  • To our knowledge, this is the first time to report the role of TRIM28 in regulating the expression of cancer/testis antigen MAGEC2. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Overall results indicated random changes in different set of experiments, where the cancer derived exosomes reduced the IFN-γ expression in both CD4 and CD8 T cells , similarly the Treg cells were also found decreased in the presence of cancer exosomes . (bvsalud.org)
  • We developed here, for the first time, a novel spatiotemporal cancer targeted therapy applying engineered E. coli bacteria with capability of expressing cardiac peptides under hypoxic conditions of tumor. (authorea.com)
  • A recent study of the disparity in breast cancer mortality between AA and EA women concluded that differences in mortality are driven by higher hazard rates of breast cancer death in AA women, irrespective of ER expression [9]. (cdc.gov)
  • Drugs targeting the programmed cell death 1 (PD-1)/programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) pathway show significant clinical activity across several tumor types. (medpagetoday.com)
  • Further analysis showed that higher expression of plakoglobin was able to promote activation of the PI3K/Akt/Bcl-2 pathway, which might protect the clusters from anoikis. (jcancer.org)
  • Immunotherapies targeting the PD-1 pathway produce durable responses in many cancers, but the tumor-intrinsic factors governing response and resistance are largely unknown. (jci.org)
  • Mechanistic studies indicate that the regulatory role of TRIM28 on MAGEC2 protein expression in tumor cells depends on proteasome-mediated pathway. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The p38 pathway is required for the induction of TNF-alpha RNA-binding activity and for the expression of TTP protein and mRNA. (ed.ac.uk)
  • In patients and preclinical models, MHC-II+ tumors recruited CD4+ T cells and developed dependency on PD-1 as well as Lag-3 (an MHC-II inhibitory receptor), which was upregulated in MHC-II+ tumors at acquired resistance to anti-PD-1. (jci.org)
  • Li et al investigate computed tomography (CT) findings of yolk sac tumors with pathological correlation. (medscape.com)
  • A correlation between the miRNA-200 expression in urine and plasma was observed in malignant samples only. (biomedcentral.com)
  • However, no direct correlation between miRNA expression levels in blood and urine has been yet clearly demonstrated. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Background Application of genetically modified non-pathogenic bacteria expressing specific anti-tumor proteins under certain conditions specific to tumors is an effective approach for selective targeting of tumors. (authorea.com)
  • F ) Association of stromal (noncytokeratin + ) PD-L1 expression with HLA-DR expression. (jci.org)
  • Sclerosing Sertoli cell tumor is a rare sex cord stromal tumor variant, with 16 cases reported in the English literature. (qxmd.com)
  • None of the germ cell tumors and sexcord-stromal tumors was immunoreactive. (imrpress.com)
  • Our results highlight the crucial role of ETP as an obesity-associated factor that promotes tumor growth in the context of adipocyte interactions with tumor and stromal cells. (jci.org)
  • E ) CD4 and CD8 and the difference between CD4 and CD8 infiltration in HLA-DR-high (HI) and HLA-DR-low (LO) expressing tumors. (jci.org)
  • Liu Q , Lan T , Song Y , Cai J , Yu X , Chen W , . Oncostatin M expression and TP53 mutation status regulate tumor-infiltration of immune cells and survival outcomes in cholangiocarcinoma. (aging-us.com)
  • In this study, we used bioinformatics tools to analyze transcriptome data from cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) patients in multiple datasets (Sun Yat-sen University, TCGA and GSE32225 cohorts) to identify mechanisms that regulate tumor infiltration by immune cells and survival outcomes. (aging-us.com)
  • Our study demonstrates that OSM expression and TP53 mutation status regulate the tumor infiltration by immune cells and survival outcomes in CCA. (aging-us.com)
  • Early detection of tumors improves survival. (lu.se)
  • Tis study was aimed to study the effects of tumor mice derived exosomes on the normal mice spleen isolated T cells by using co-culture experiments and flow cytometer analysis . (bvsalud.org)
  • BALB/c-3T3 cells transformed with cadmium chloride were subcutaneously injected into nude mice to develop tumors and the cell lines derived from these tumors were used in the present study. (cdc.gov)
  • Yolk sac tumors are germ cell tumors that resembles the yolk sac, allantois, and extraembryonic mesenchyme. (medscape.com)
  • Pure yolk sac tumor (YST) is the most common testicular neoplasm in prepubertal children, accounting for 30% of testicular germ cell tumors in this age group, with a median age of 1.5 years. (medscape.com)
  • In adults, yolk sac tumor (YST) presents as a component of mixed nonseminomatous germ cell tumor, with an age averaging 25-30 years. (medscape.com)
  • Yolk sac tumor (YST) components are present in 40-50% of nonseminomatous germ cell tumors in the adult testis. (medscape.com)
  • [ 1 ] In adults, yolk sac tumors (YSTs) are associated with other germ cell components such as embryonal carcinoma, choriocarcinoma, teratoma, and seminoma as a part of a mixed germ cell tumor. (medscape.com)
  • The radiographic findings are specific for malignant mixed germ cell tumors but are not specific for yolk sac tumors (YSTs). (medscape.com)
  • [ 1 ] which are relatively small and less pleomorphic relative to those in embryonal carcinoma, another common subtype of malignant germ cell tumor of the testis. (medscape.com)
  • A right nephrectomy with resection of the mass demonstrated a malignant solitary fibrous tumor. (medscape.com)
  • An increase in CCL3 expression and promoter activity was observed in NP cells after TNF α or IL-1_ treatment. (shu.ac.uk)
  • Generalized up-regulation of CA IX in VHL-associated renal cell carcinoma contrasted with focal perinecrotic expression in a variety of non-VHL-associated tumors. (ox.ac.uk)
  • In this study, the relationship of ER-β mRNA expression to ER and PR status, as determined by ligand binding analysis, was investigated. (aacrjournals.org)
  • The present study was designed to examine the underlying mechanism(s) by which CKS-17 down-regulates the TNF-alpha mRNA expression using a human acute monocytic leukemia cell line THP-1 stimulated with the superantigen staphylococcal enterotoxin E. A cyclooxygenase inhibitor indomethacin does not reverse the inhibition of TNF-alpha mRNA expression by CKS-17, suggesting that prostaglandins are not responsible for the suppressive action of CKS-17. (duke.edu)
  • Immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining was performed in hepatocellular carcinoma patients to evaluate the association between the expression of MAGEC2 and TRIM28. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We investigated the expression of TSPAN7 in the haematological malignancy multiple myleoma (MM) and assessed the consequences of TSPAN7 expression in the adhesion, migration and growth of MM plasma cells (PC) in vitro and in bone marrow (BM) homing and tumour growth in vivo. (physiciansweekly.com)
  • The tumor expression of TAK1 mRNA was analyzed with RT-PCR using Taqman technology and its relationship with the clinical outcome of the patients studied. (cun.es)
  • Sertoli cell tumor is a potential histologic mimic of other tumors, such as seminoma due to similar histology and overlapping clinical presentation. (qxmd.com)
  • Results IV Administered bacteria bearing constructs could specifically localize at tumor site and express cardiac peptides under hypoxic conditions. (authorea.com)
  • Insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor expression in pediatric tumors: " by RESUL KARAKUŞ, ESRA KARAKUŞ et al. (tubitak.gov.tr)
  • 1994. Ah receptor in embryonic mouse palate and effects of TCDD on receptor expression. (cdc.gov)
  • PUREE predicted purity with high accuracy across distinct solid tumor types and generalized to tumor samples from unseen tumor types and cohorts. (nature.com)
  • Scoring of our own mesenchymal tumour dataset highlighted differential expression of secretory signalling pathways between distinct subgroups of MPNST, liposarcomas and peritoneal mesothelioma. (gla.ac.uk)
  • Expression of both ENG (encoding endoglin) mRNA and protein were heterogeneously upregulated in OS5Ks, and the endoglin-positive (ENG + ) population exhibited growth dependency on endoglin in anchorage-independent cultures. (nih.gov)
  • Studies have also shown that AA women tend to develop estrogen receptor (ER) negative tumors at an earlier age, and EA women are more likely to develop ER positive tumors at later ages [3-8]. (cdc.gov)
  • The data suggest the possibility that expression of ER-β in human breast tumors is a marker of endocrine therapy responsiveness. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Interestingly, it also seemed that the level of ER-β mRNA varied among breast tumors but was not correlated with the expression of ER-α (4) , although the two receptor mRNAs were often coexpressed in the same tumor. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Human Breast Tumors. (aacrjournals.org)
  • MHC-II + breast tumors recruit CD4 + T cells and are associated with Lag-3 + TILs. (jci.org)
  • C ) Representative AQUA immunofluorescence image of a HLA-DR + breast tumor case. (jci.org)
  • Those with Grade 2 and 3 tumors, which are much more aggressive and more likely to grow back after surgery, are often treated with radiation after surgery. (ucsf.edu)
  • Accumulating evidence has indicated that MAGEC2 expression is associated with hallmarks of aggressive cancers. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Conclusions: We find that "senescence scoring" accurately reports senescence signalling in a variety of situations where senescence would be expected to occur and highlights differential expression of damage associated and secretory senescence pathways in a context-dependent manner. (gla.ac.uk)
  • We have found that, although chronic TNF attenuates TCRζ expression and TCR-proximal signalling, IL-2 expression is suppressed regardless of whether cells are stimulated via the TCR, or with phorbol ester and calcium ionophore to activate the MAPK and NFAT pathways directly. (biomedcentral.com)
  • While adenomatoid tumors are present in both the various body areas of males and females, one study discovered that these tumors were more likely to occur in Caucasian males. (wikipedia.org)
  • When hypoglycemia does occur in such individuals, an uncommon but important diagnosis to consider is non-islet cell tumor hypoglycemia (NICTH). (medscape.com)
  • Our data indicate that plakoglobin promotes tumor cluster formation in IMPC and downregulates apoptosis in the cell clusters through activation of PI3K/Akt/Bcl-2 signaling. (jcancer.org)
  • We therefore sought to determine how MHC-II expression by tumor cells promotes PD-1 dependency. (jci.org)