Expression of 25 hydroxyvitamin d3 1 alpha. Medical search. Frequent questions

Elevated 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D levels are associated with protracted treatment in sarcoidosis. (medscape.com)
After continued investigation it was found that the patient also had elevated 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D and further studies confirmed a large spleen mass that was later confirmed to be a lymphoma. (hindawi.com)

Using TCGA mRNA expression of anabolic (CYP2R1, CYP27A1 and CYP27B1) and catabolic (CYP24A1) Vitamin D enzymes, positive (PTHLH, IFNG, and TNF) and negative (FGF23) feedback regulators could also clearly distinguish between pure seminomas and NSGCT. (bvsalud.org)
To address this question, estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) positive (MCF-7) and ERα negative (HCC38 and MDA-MB-231) breast cancer cell lines were examined for expression of ERα66, ERα36, CYP24A1, CYP27B1, and VDR as well as for local production of 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [24,25(OH)2D3] and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D3] after treatment with 25(OH)D3. (bvsalud.org)
The results showed that independent of ER status, breast cancer cells express the enzymes CYP24A1 and CYP27B1, which are responsible for converting 25(OH)D3 into its dihydroxylated forms. (bvsalud.org)
Subsequently, the expression of transforming growth factor-ß (TGF-ß1), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), VD synthesising (Cyp27b1) and catabolizing (Cyp24a1) enzymes with VD receptor (VDR) and binding protein (VDBP) was measured in renal tissues. (bvsalud.org)
Here we show that complement triggers contraction of TH1 responses by inducing intrinsic expression of the vitamin D (VitD) receptor and the VitD-activating enzyme CYP27B1, permitting T cells to both activate and respond to VitD. (bvsalud.org)
Accordingly, we review data on the influence of vitamin D in the development of normal breast and the expression of vitamin D-related proteins (VDR, CYP27B1 and CYP24A21) in benign mammary lesions and ductal carcinomas in situ . (biomedcentral.com)
The expression and production of VDR, CYP27B1, and CYP24A1 in the placenta were evaluated with real time-polymerase chain reaction and Western blot, respectively. (korea.ac.kr)
however, the production of CYP27B1 and VDR protein and messenger RNA expression were not different between 2 the groups. (korea.ac.kr)
Given that 25(OH)D is hydroxylated by CYP27B1 to the bioactive 1,25(OH) 2 D form, and CYP24A1 catabolizes both 25(OH)D and 1,25(OH) 2 D to the inactive metabolites, respectively, our data indicate that the elevated activity of CYP24A1 in the placenta may play a key role in the development of vitamin D deficiency in GDM. (korea.ac.kr)
Cholecalciferol is bound to serum vitamin D-binding protein (DBP) and through a two-step enzymatic pathway involving 25-hydroxylase of the liver and 1a-hydroxylase (CYP27B1) of the kidney and extrarenal tissues, it is converted to the biologically active hormone calcitriol (1a,25(OH)2D3) [1]. (vitamindwiki.com)
Calcifediol undergoes hydroxylation to form calcitriol via 1α-hydroxylase (CYP27B1) activity 4 . (drugbank.com)

Calcifediol is subsequently converted by the action of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 1-alpha-hydroxylase to calcitriol, the active form of vitamin D3 which binds to the vitamin D receptor (VDR) and mediates most of the physiological hormonal actions of vitamin D. The conversion of vitamin D, especially cholecalciferol, to 25(OH)D (calcifediol) is one of the key steps in the vitamin D hormonal system. (wikipedia.org)
As a steroid hormone that regulates mineral homeostasis and bone metabolism, 1α, 25-dihydroxycholecalciferol (calcitriol) also has broad spectrum anti-tumor activities as supported by numerous epidemiological and experimental studies. (jcancer.org)
In the skin, 7-dehydrocholesterol is converted to vitamin D 3 , which is hydroxylated to 25(OH)D 3 by 25-hydroxylase in the liver and then to 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 (1α, 25-dihydroxycholecalciferol, calcitriol), the hormonally active metabolite, by 1α-hydroxylase in the kidney ( 1 ). (jcancer.org)
Calcitriol is mainly catabolized by 24-hydroxylase (CYP24A1) to 1α,24,25(OH) 2 D 3 which loses its bioactivity ( 1 ). (jcancer.org)
Methods MNCs from 126 subjects, including therapy-naive patients with different forms of MS, plus patients with MS receiving IFN-β or glatiramer treatment, plus healthy controls were incubated in vitro with IFN-β-1b ± vitamin D3 (calcitriol). (neurology.org)
The regulation of VDR expression is one of the main mechanisms through which target cells respond to calcitriol so that polymorphisms of this receptor can change the usual mode of functioning. (vitamindwiki.com)
Calcitriol is an active metabolite of vitamin D with 3 hydroxyl (OH) groups and is commonly referred to as 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol, or 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D 3 , 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D 3 . (drugbank.com)
Calcitriol is considered to be the most potent metabolite of vitamin D in humans 1 . (drugbank.com)
In addition to promoting fatty acid synthesis and inhibiting lipolysis, calcitriol has been demonstrated to increase energy efficiency by suppressing UCP2 expression, which is modulated by signaling pathways of classical nuclear receptors (nVDR), where calcitriol acts as a natural ligand 3 . (drugbank.com)
Calcitriol is a ligand for the vitamin D nuclear receptor, which is expressed in, but not limited to, gastrointestinal (GI) tissues, bones, and kidneys 1 . (drugbank.com)

It has 25-hydroxylase activity, which converts cholecalciferol (vitamin D3) into calcifediol (25-hydroxyvitamin D3, also known as calcidiol), the major circulatory form of the vitamin. (wikipedia.org)
In humans, the most important compounds in this group are vitamin D3 (also known as cholecalciferol) and vitamin D2 (ergocalciferol). (truthwiki.org)
1] Cholecalciferol and ergocalciferol can be ingested from the diet and from supplements. (truthwiki.org)
In the liver, cholecalciferol (vitamin D3) is converted to calcidiol, which is also known as calcifediol (INN), 25-hydroxycholecalciferol, or 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 - abbreviated 25(OH)D3. (truthwiki.org)
Recent NICE guidelines recommend that pregnant and breastfeeding women, children ages 6 months to 5 years, adults over 65 years or anyone who is not regularly exposed to the sun should take a daily vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) supplement up to 10,000 IU [ 3 , 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
The main source (about 95%) is vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) that is photochemically synthesized in the skin by ultraviolet-B radiation. (vitamindwiki.com)
Thermal conversion of pro-vitamin D3 (7-dehydrocholesterol) leads to pre-vitamin D3, which isomerizes into cholecalciferol. (vitamindwiki.com)

Low levels of plasma 25(OH)D 3 are associated with higher cancer incidence and mortality in men in colorectal, breast, lung and prostate cancers ( 7 - 10 ). (jcancer.org)
Based on associations between plasma 25(OH)D3 and PTH concentration, calcium absorption, bone turnover markers, and bone mineral density, investigators have argued that a plasma 25(OH)D3 concentration of greater than 75 nmol/l (to convert to ng/ml divide by 2.5) is appropriate to define vitamin D sufficiency [5-7]. (vitamindwiki.com)

Polymorphic variations in the CYP2R1 gene have the greatest effect on individual serum 25(OH)D concentrations compared with other gene variations. (wikipedia.org)
Treatment with 25(OH)D can normalize 1,25(OH) 2 D concentrations in patients with vitamin D deficiency. (medscape.com)
Evidence supports wider beneficial effects of vitamin D but to achieve such, maintaining serum 25 dihydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)2D] concentrations of more than 30 ng/mL is necessary. (vitamindwiki.com)
The individual and the population health can be markedly improved by maintaining serum 25(OH)D concentrations of greater than 30 ng /mL (75 nmol/L). This would also improves the quality of life and reduces all-cause mortality. (vitamindwiki.com)
However, for prevention of certain other diseases and to reduce all-cause mortality, serum 25(OH)D concentrations need to be maintained between 40 and 60 ng/mL. (vitamindwiki.com)
Consistent with this finding is the observation that the development and function of moDCs is inhibited at physiological concentrations of the inactive metabolite 25(OH)D(3). (birmingham.ac.uk)
Another effect of PTH is the stimulation of renal 1,25(OH)2D3 production with possibly misleading 1,25(OH)2D3 concentrations within the normal range. (vitamindwiki.com)

In granulomatous disease such as lymphoproliferative disorders, sarcoidosis, tuberculosis, and inflammatory bowel disease, 1α-hydroxylase enzyme activity was found in macrophages as the extrarenal source of 1,25(OH) 2 D. When 1α-hydroxylase is activated, it converts 25(OH)D to 1,25(OH) 2 D, just as what occurs under physiologic conditions in the kidneys. (medscape.com)
This enzyme, encoded by CYP7, converts cholesterol to 7-alpha-hydroxycholesterol which is the first and rate-limiting step in the synthesis of BILE ACIDS. (uams.edu)

In this follow up case control study, BMD as well as serum levels of FGF23, calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase, creatinine, parathyroid hormone, 25 hydroxy vitamin D 3 and 1, 25 dihydroxy vitamin D 3 were measured in 47 children with IBD during flare and reassessed in the next remission. (biomedcentral.com)
1, 25 dihydroxy vitamin D 3 , FGF23, serum calcium and urinary phosphorus were significant determinants of BMD in IBD patients. (biomedcentral.com)

Plasma 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH) 2 D) is tightly controlled by plasma parathyroid hormone (PTH), serum calcium, serum phosphate, and fibroblast-like growth factor 23 (FGF-23). (medscape.com)
The majority of HHM is caused by tumor-produced parathyroid hormone-related protein and less frequently production of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D or parathyroid hormone by the tumor. (hindawi.com)

2(1): 13-18, 2021 01. (bvsalud.org)
1. Bilous, V.L., Pavlova, O.S., Kyryliuk, I.R. Protective effects of thiamine and methovitan treatment in cornea of rats exposed to chronic ethanol consumption // Актуальні проблеми біохімії та біотехнології - 2021 (20-21 травня 2021 року): збірник тез конференції-конкурсу молодих вчених, присвяченої 30-річчю Незалежності України / Ін-т біохімії ім. (org.ua)
Corrective effect of vitamin D3 on bone remodeling imbalans in experimental type 2 diabetes // Актуальні проблеми біохімії та біотехнології - 2021 (20-21 травня 2021 року): збірник тез конференції-конкурсу молодих вчених, присвяченої 30-річчю Незалежності України / Ін-т біохімії ім. (org.ua)

7-dehydrocholesterol is converted to Vitamin D3 (vitamin D3) in the skin, which is then converted to Calcifediol in the liver and kidneys. (drugbank.com)

14] Phokela SS,Peleg S,Moya FR,et al.Regulation of human pulmonary surfactant protein gene expression by 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D 3 [J].Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol,2005,289(4):L617-L626. (magtech.com.cn)

CYP2R1 is cytochrome P450 2R1, an enzyme which is the principal vitamin D 25-hydroxylase. (wikipedia.org)
It is expressed in the endoplasmic reticulum in liver, where it performs the first step in the activation of vitamin D by catalyzing the formation of 25-hydroxyvitamin D. Vitamin D 25-hydroxylase activity is also possessed by some other cytochrome P450 enzymes, in particular CYP27A1, which is found in mitochondria. (wikipedia.org)
Physiological control of 1 alpha 25(OH)(2)D(3) levels is critically dependent upon 25-hydroxyvitamin D(3)-1 alpha-hydroxylase (1 alpha OHase), a mitochondrial cytochrome P450 enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of inactive precursor 25-hydroxyvitamin D(3) (25(OH)D(3)) to the active metabolite 1 alpha 25(OH)(2)D(3). (birmingham.ac.uk)
A membrane-bound cytochrome P450 enzyme that catalyzes the 7-alpha-hydroxylation of CHOLESTEROL in the presence of molecular oxygen and NADPH-FERRIHEMOPROTEIN REDUCTASE. (uams.edu)

Vitamin D inhibits proliferation and profibrotic marker expression in hepatic stellate cells and decreases thioacetamide-induced liver fibrosis in rats. (springer.com)
Ergocalciferol (vitamin D2) is converted in the liver to 25-hydroxyergocalciferol, also known as 25-hydroxyvitamin D2 - abbreviated 25(OH)D2. (truthwiki.org)

CYP2R1 will also hydroxylate ergocalciferol (vitamin D2), derived from dietary sources, into 25-hydroxyvitamin D2 (ercalcidiol). (wikipedia.org)

[ 3 ] Impaired production of the enzyme 1α-hydroxylase in kidney failure was thought to be the main mechanism. (medscape.com)
In tumor-induced osteomalacia, tumor-secreted FGF-23 inhibits enzyme 1α-hydroxylase and subsequently results in decreased 1,25(OH) 2 D synthesis. (medscape.com)
HIV protease inhibitors have been reported to markedly suppress the activities of 25- and 1α-hydroxylase and thus affect 1,25(OH) 2 D synthesis. (medscape.com)
[ 12 ] However, unlike the kidney, the 1α-hydroxylase in the macrophages in granulomatous diseases is not controlled by the usual physiologic regulators. (medscape.com)
Moreover, not all conditions or all patients with increased macrophage activity manifest increases in 1α-hydroxylase activity. (medscape.com)
In vitro studies of monocytes/macrophages indicate that gamma interferon is an important regulator of 1α-hydroxylase but only when other key signaling pathways are also activated (eg, JAK-STAT and MAP-Kinase). (medscape.com)
Cholesterol 7-alpha-Hydroxylase" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (uams.edu)
This graph shows the total number of publications written about "Cholesterol 7-alpha-Hydroxylase" by people in UAMS Profiles by year, and whether "Cholesterol 7-alpha-Hydroxylase" was a major or minor topic of these publications. (uams.edu)
Below are the most recent publications written about "Cholesterol 7-alpha-Hydroxylase" by people in Profiles over the past ten years. (uams.edu)

This linking regulates the expression of genes that turn different cell functions on or off. (lifeextension.com)
This is one of the mechanisms by which 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D regulates the genome, but it has also been shown to affect the epigenome through chromatin modifiers and methylation changes [ 11 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Vitamin D is a steroid hormone that regulates calcium homeostasis, bone metabolism and a variety of other physiological functions ( 1 ). (jcancer.org)
VDR belongs to the superfamily of nuclear receptors for steroid hormones and regulates gene expression by acting as a ligand-activated transcription factor [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

These studies rely on systemic 25(OH)D3 as an indicator of hormone status, but 25(OH)D3 is further metabolized in the kidney and other tissues under regulation by several factors. (bvsalud.org)
It must be converted in the body to its active hormone form, called 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. (rgcombs.com)
The recognition of fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23), a phosphaturic hormone related to tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) makes it plausible to hypothesize its possible relation to this pathology. (biomedcentral.com)
The enzyme CYP24A1 plays a key role in this process, and is activated by 1α,25(OH) 2 D 3 whenever there is an increase in the levels of this hormone. (biomedcentral.com)
In North America and Western Europe only small amounts of vitamin D, a fat-soluble secosteroid hormone, enter the metabolic circle via dietary uptake (e.g. from fish), although dietary supplement intake has increased in recent years (Figure 1). (vitamindwiki.com)

They are positive for VDR, indicating that they can respond to 1α,25(OH)2D3, which can upregulate CYP24A1. (bvsalud.org)

Vitamin D3 supplementation has been tentatively found to lead to a reduced risk of death in the elderly,[8,15] but the effect has not been deemed pronounced or certain enough to make taking supplements recommendable. (truthwiki.org)

Objective To determine the effect of vitamin D3 on interferon-β (IFN-β) response and immune regulation in MS mononuclear cells (MNCs). (neurology.org)

The biologically active form of vitamin D is 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH) 2 D). Measuring serum levels of 1,25(OH) 2 D should be considered upon suspicion of deficiency or excess of 1,25(OH) 2 D. (medscape.com)
Biologically active vitamin D (1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D) is involved in the regulation of gastrointestinal calcium absorption and bone homeostasis [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
In this review, for simplicity purposes, whenever we state vitamin D, we are referring to the biologically active form (1α,25(OH) 2 D 3 ) unless stated otherwise. (biomedcentral.com)
Although 1,25(OH)2D3 is the biologically active form of vitamin D the vitamin D status is mainly assessed by the measurement of serum 25(OH)D3 concentration. (vitamindwiki.com)
1993 ), and by the discovery that several tissues are able to locally produce 1 α ,25 dihydroxyvitamin D3, the biologically active form of vitamin D (see IARC, 2008 , for review). (ocl-journal.org)

In one study, serum 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D levels were associated with patients requiring repeated regimens of systemic immunosuppressive therapy or longer than 1 year of therapy. (medscape.com)
These conditions are known to be linked to low blood levels of 25(OH)D, where even large doses of vitamin D may not produce an improvement, which can be explained by enzyme activities being low. (wikipedia.org)
Symptoms are low circulating levels of 25(OH)D and classic symptoms of vitamin D deficiency. (wikipedia.org)
Decreased levels of 1,25(OH) 2 D can result from chronic kidney disease , various heritable disorders, tumor-induced osteomalacia, the use of HIV protease inhibitors, or severe vitamin D deficiency . (medscape.com)
Chronic kidney disease: Low 1,25(OH) 2 D levels have been shown to present even in early stages of kidney failure. (medscape.com)
In a study by Levin et al (2007), 13% of patients with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) greater than 80 mL/min and more than 60% of patients with an eGFR of less than 30 mL/min had low serum levels of 1,25(OH) 2 D. (medscape.com)
A positive correlation between serum levels of 25(OH)D and 1,25(OH) 2 D was observed during seasonal changes. (medscape.com)
Increased 1,25(OH) 2 D levels can result from extrarenal 1α-hydroxylation or hereditary vitamin D-resistant rickets. (medscape.com)
In contrast, α-1 antitrypsin levels and net proteolytic activity were comparable in COVID-19 and influenza BAL fluids. (bvsalud.org)
these women also have high serum levels of anti-angiogenic soluble Fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt-1), which is known to be located on the chromosome13 and 3 (15). (ac.ir)
1 The chance of developing MS in far Northern and far Southern latitudes and in cloudy regions of France is linked to lack of sunlight and to low serum vitamin D levels. (neurology.org)
Objective To analyze the relationship between serum vitamin D [25- (OH)D 3 ] levels at birth and respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in preterm infants,in order to provide scientific basis for the treatment of RDS in preterm infant. (magtech.com.cn)
Serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) were measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. (korea.ac.kr)
Although there is currently no consensus for optimal levels, most experts use a plasma concentration of 25(OH)D3 of 25 nmol/l as a conventional cut-off for defining the lower limit of adequacy of vitamin D status [8]. (vitamindwiki.com)

Significant changes in gene expression after stimulation with 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D were observed for gene loci such as IRF8 and PTPN2 which were not previously associated with vitamin D regulation [ 13 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

The decrease of 1,25(OH) 2 D level is more prominent when kidney failure progresses. (medscape.com)
Vitamin D has to be metabolically activated in the kidney, and patients with CKD including diabetic kidney disease (DKD) are not able to produce enough of the active form of vitamin D (1,25(OH) 2 D). Vice versa, the kidneys are assumed to be a classical 1,25(OH) 2 D target. (karger.com)

7(1)2022 01 11. (bvsalud.org)
23(1): 62-74, 2022 01. (bvsalud.org)

Hypercalcemia or hypercalciuria may occur (noncaseating granulomas [NCGs] secrete 1,25 vitamin D). Hypercalcemia is seen in about 10-13% of patients, whereas hypercalciuria is 3 times more common. (medscape.com)
Tumors that cause elevation in 1,25D cause hypercalcemia as a result of a combination of increased bone resorption and intestinal calcium absorption. (hindawi.com)

Over the past decade the physiological role of 1a,25(OH)2D3 has been investigated extensively [15], but data regarding its role in human reproduction are scarce [1618]. (vitamindwiki.com)

These 25-hydroxylated forms of vitamin D, together known as 25(OH)D, bind strongly to the vitamin D-binding protein in blood and are the principal circulating forms of vitamin D. These are commonly measured to determine a person's vitamin D status and establish vitamin D deficiency. (wikipedia.org)
Severe vitamin D deficiency: 25(OH)D is the main substrate of 1,25(OH) 2 D. Vitamin D deficiency can affect the production of 1,25(OH) 2 D owing to the lack of substrate. (medscape.com)
However, despite the presence of abundant sunlight, the incidence of vitamin D deficiency is high even among those who live within 1,000 km of the equator, such as the populations of India, Sri Lanka, and Far Eastern, Middle Eastern, and Persian Gulf countries [1-4]. (vitamindwiki.com)
1] Holick MF,Binkley NC,Bischoff-Ferrari HA,et al.Evaluation,treatment,and prevention of vitamin D deficiency:an Endocrine Society clinical practice guideline[J].J Clin Endocrinol Metab,2011,96(7):1911-1930. (magtech.com.cn)
9] Chen YH,Fu L,Hao JH,et al.Influent factors of gestational vitamin D deficiency and its relation to an increased risk of preterm delivery in Chinese population[J].Sci Rep,2018,8(1):3608. (magtech.com.cn)
Despite the significant effort in the last century to eradicate or minimize vitamin D deficiency among the population, especially children, there is still a high prevalence for vitamin D insufficiency/deficiency worldwide [ 1, 2 ]. (karger.com)
Vitamin D deficiency also contributes to many extraskeletal outcomes, including higher risk of type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus, allergy, autoimmunity, pregnancy complications, and many other pathologies. (karger.com)
Fig. 1: Timelines of vitamin D deficiency in preclinical studies is depicted along with reported alterations. (vitaminproguide.com)

Herein we investigated whether lupin proteins compared to casein modulate sterol excretion and mRNA expression of intestinal sterol transporters by use of pigs as an animal model with similar lipid metabolism as humans, and cellular cholesterol-uptake by Caco-2 cells. (biomedcentral.com)

Two proteins have been implicated in expression-independent vitamin D action: membrane VDR and the membrane-associated rapid response steroid binding (1,25D 3 -MARRS) protein. (biomedcentral.com)

However, the mechanism by which ingested lupin proteins can alter hepatic LDL receptor and hepatic enzyme expression remains uncertain. (biomedcentral.com)
Following terminal differentiation induced by a diverse set of maturation stimuli, there is marked transcriptional up-regulation of 1 alpha OHase leading to increased 1 alpha OHase enzyme activity. (birmingham.ac.uk)

Two lymphoblastoid cell lines stimulated with 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D were used to generate a ChIP-Seq genome-wide map, which identified 229 genomic regions differentially bound with VDR before and after treatment with active vitamin D [ 13 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
The active 1,25(OH)2D form of vitamin D is a potent modulator of inflammation, and may play a role in turning off chronic inflammatory response. (trustedcarechiro.com)
Emerging data identify critical roles for the active form of vitamin D (1a,25(OH)2D3) in a variety of other biological processes including regulation of cellular growth, differentiation and metabolic modulations [13, 14]. (vitamindwiki.com)
Experimental studies have demonstrated that the ovary is a target organ for 1,25(OH)2D3 raising the possibility that this active metabolite of vitamin D3 might play a role in modulating ovarian activity [23]. (vitamindwiki.com)

Reference ranges of 1,25(OH) 2 D vary since different laboratories may use different methods for measuring 1,25(OH) 2 D and different units of measurement. (medscape.com)

We hypothesize that the regulation of Vitamin D metabolism might be disturbed through iChr12p formation, influencing testicular carcinogenesis via increased FGF23 and PTHLH expression. (bvsalud.org)

The molecular mechanisms governing orderly shutdown and retraction of CD4+ type 1 helper T (TH1) cell responses remain poorly understood. (bvsalud.org)
However, it has much broader effects mediated by genomic (vitamin D directly or indirectly influences expression of up to 2,000 genes) as well as non-genomic mechanisms [ 1 ]. (karger.com)

This protein was produced in an in vitro wheat germ expression system that should preserve correct conformational folding that is necessary for biological function. (novusbio.com)
We show for the first time that moDCs are able to synthesize 1 alpha 25(OH)(2)D(3) in vitro as a consequence of increased 1 alpha OHase expression. (birmingham.ac.uk)

[ 1 , 52 ] Considering its prognostic significance, the heart rate recovery index may have clinical use in identifying patients with sarcoidosis who are at high risk for ventricular arrhythmias and sudden death. (medscape.com)
At the end of the trial, the groups treated with long-term steroids fared better on some measures than did the patients who were observed and treated with short bursts of steroids (see Table 1 below for detail). (medscape.com)

Numerous epidemiological and preclinical studies support a role of vitamin D compounds in cancer prevention and treatment in colorectal, breast, prostate, ovarian, bladder, lung and skin cancers and leukemia ( 1 , 5 , 6 ). (jcancer.org)

The heterodimer binds to vitamin D response element in target genes and leads to gene transcription regulation ( 1 ). (jcancer.org)
In conclusion, differential regulation of endogenous 1 alpha 25(OH)(2)D(3) ligand and its nuclear receptor appear to be important regulators of DC biology and represent potential targets for the manipulation of DC function. (birmingham.ac.uk)

We provided evidence of the different factor involved in the metabolism of vitamin D and vitamin D receptor (VDR) expression, gene regulations, immune function, and chronic disease when vitamin D is used optimally. (ac.ir)

An intermediary form, known as 25-hydroxyvitamin D, is the major circulating form of vitamin D, and is measured to determine vitamin D status. (rgcombs.com)
One of the few proven factors to fight SARS-COV-2 infections, along with vitamin C and molecular hydrogen, is vitamin D3 (not the D2 form). (studioartspress.com)

For most people the dose needed to reach an optimal vitamin D blood level (25-hydroxyvitamin D) of 50 ng/ml is 5,000 IU/day, ten times the government's recommended dietary allowance (RDA). (tahomaclinicblog.com)

To assess immune responses of the lower respiratory tract, we utilized a murine model to examine the effect of exercise duration on bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid immune cell content and lung gene expression. (bvsalud.org)

Macrophages and dendritic cells can produce 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D within the microenvironment. (springer.com)
In the past few years, several independent researchers have shown that vitamin D significantly enhances the genetic expression of antimicrobial peptides in human monocytes (precursors to macrophages), neutrophils, and other immune system cells. (rgcombs.com)

Findings have shown that low serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D level is a possible risk factor for incidence of preeclampsia during pregnancy. (ac.ir)
Preeclampsia is defined by hypertension and proteinuria during pregnancy (1). (ac.ir)

1983 ), by the expression of vitamin D receptors in tumors (colon, breast, prostate) (Skowronski et al . (ocl-journal.org)
Various studies demonstrated expression of vitamin D receptors in cancer cell lines, including mouse myeloid leukemia cells 1 . (drugbank.com)

Vitamin D inhibits monocyte/macrophage proinflammatory cytokine production by targeting MAPK phosphatase-1. (springer.com)

Regulating Bioactivity of Cu2+ Bis-1,10-phenanthroline Artificial Metallonucleases with Sterically Functionalized Pendant Carboxylates. (cuni.cz)

In contrast to 1 alpha OHase, VDR expression is down-regulated as monocytes differentiate into immature DCs. (birmingham.ac.uk)

The pattern of cytokine discharge parallels tests with a rise in the expression from the activation markers Compact disc25 and Compact disc69 (17). (ipa2014.org)

However, phosphate retention and FGF-23 also contribute to the decreased synthesis of 1,25(OH) 2 D. (medscape.com)

Anatomy17

Organisms5

Diseases32

Chemicals and Drugs75

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment57

Psychiatry and Psychology1

Phenomena and Processes50

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture7

Information Science6

Named Groups6

Health Care39

Geographicals12

Elevated 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin2

CYP27B111

Calcitriol10

Cholecalciferol7

Plasma 252

Concentrations7

Converts2

Dihydroxy vitamin2

Parathyroid hormone2

20213

Calcifediol1

1alpha1

Cytochrome4

Liver2

Ergocalciferol1

Hydroxylase9

Regulates4

Hormone5

Cyp24a11

Supplementation1

Effect of vitamin1

Biologically active5

Levels14

Stimulation1

Kidney2

20222

Hypercalcemia2

Physiological1

Deficiency8

Excretion1

Steroid1

Enzyme2

Active4

Methods1

FGF231

Mechanisms2

Vitro2

Patients2

Epidemiological1

Regulation2

Chronic1

Form2

5,0001

Immune responses1

Macrophages2

Pregnancy2

Vitamin D receptors2

Production1

Bioactivity1

Contrast1

Activation1

Synthesis1