Expression cell cycle checkpoint gene. Medical search. Frequent questions

p53 is a transcription factor that participates in cell cycle checkpoint processes and apoptosis. (lu.se)
Keratinocytes isolated from Mrad1 +/- mice had significantly more spontaneous DNA double strand breaks, proliferated slower and had slightly enhanced spontaneous apoptosis than Mrad1 +/+ control cells. (biomedcentral.com)
The effects of heterozygous deletion of Mrad1 on proliferation and apoptosis of keratinocytes is different from those resulted from Mrad9 heterozygous deletion (from our previous study), suggesting that Mrad1 also functions independent of Mrad9 besides its role in the Mrad9-Mrad1-Mhus1 complex in mouse cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Based on Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis, these DEGs were enriched with a broad spectrum of biological processes and pathways, including those associated with antioxidants, apoptosis, chaperones, immunity and metabolism. (biomedcentral.com)
Taken together, the current results demonstrate that MAPK1 promotes myeloid cell proliferation and differentiation simultaneously by cell cycle progression while suppresing apoptosis. (prinsesmaximacentrum.nl)
The TP53 gene is also capable of stimulating apoptosis of cells containing damaged DNA. (medscape.com)
TP53 activates the expression of genes involved in apoptosis, cell cycle regulation (p21), and MDM2. (medscape.com)
It is also involved in cell cycle arrest and apoptosis [17]. (termedia.pl)
Methods used to study the cytotoxic effects include cytotoxicity assay, double staining cell morphological analysis, cell cycle analysis, apoptosis test and cell proliferation assay. (upm.edu.my)
RNA was extracted from colon for DNA repair, apoptosis, cell cycle, antiinflammation, proto-oncogene, colorectal cancer biomarker and tumor suppressor gene expressions study. (upm.edu.my)
Vanillin also induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. (upm.edu.my)
However, the expressions of a few xenobiotic metabolism, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis genes were up-regulated by 5 % ethanol injection. (upm.edu.my)
Furthermore, these genes were classified into 11 functional groups including transcription factors, cell cycle related factors, apoptosis regulators, kinases and metabolism-related proteins, etc. (edu.hk)
Tumour suppression is achieved via the inhibition of cell division, induction of apoptosis (cell death) to remove altered cells, DNA damage repair, and inhibition of mechanisms that cause spread of cancer cells to other parts of the body (metastasis). (biotopics.co.uk)
In fact they they often code for proteins that stimulate cell division, prevent cell differentiation or regulate programmed cell death (apoptosis) within normal tissues and in this way they cause a controlled turnover of functional cells within an organ. (biotopics.co.uk)
Lysosomes are an important component of the inner membrane system and participate in numerous cell biological processes, such as macromolecular degradation, antigen presentation, intracellular pathogen destruction, plasma membrane repair, exosome release, cell adhesion/migration and apoptosis. (biomedcentral.com)

BRAF is a protein kinase and part of the MAP kinase signalling cascade which involves transduction of a growth signal from the cell membrane to the nucleus via a chain of protein kinases and is responsible for cellular proliferation and survival. (hindawi.com)
Genes clustering in the categories fatty acid beta oxidation, cell adhesion, DNA replication and polyamine biosynthesis were up-regulated indicating increased lipolysis, cell attachment, proliferation and growth. (wada-ama.org)
It is likely that increased Rad9 expression is needed for proliferation of tumor cells by mechanisms such as getting beyond (tolerating) oncogene-induced replicative stress and enhancing DNA repair capability. (biomedcentral.com)
BeadChip microarray and gene ontology analysis revealed that RUNX1‑RUNX1T1 and MAPK1 suppression reduced the proliferation rate of the t(8;21) cells with deregulated expression of several classical positive regulator genes that are otherwise known to enhance cell proliferation. (prinsesmaximacentrum.nl)
Inactivation of tumor suppressor genes, whose products normally provide negative control of cell proliferation, contributes to malignant transformation in various cell types. (medscape.com)
Here, we aimed to identify proliferative hepatocytes from HCC and para-carcinoma tissues, detect differentially expressed genes between the two types of proliferative hepatocytes, and investigate their potential roles in aberrant proliferation. (biomedcentral.com)
Based on previous reports, we found that HAMP modulates cell proliferation through interaction with its receptor SLC40A1 . (biomedcentral.com)
In addition, previous studies have shown that lysosomes may play important roles in cancer development and progression through the abovementioned biological processes and that the functional status and spatial distribution of lysosomes are closely related to cancer cell proliferation, energy metabolism, invasion and metastasis, immune escape and tumor-associated angiogenesis. (biomedcentral.com)
This includes the activation of oncogenes (genes associated with cancers) and interference with the cell cycle checkpoints that control the proliferation or death of cells. (preventionstartshere.org)

After confirming SSH-genes to be differentially expressed in a series of microarray experiments, oligonucleotide probes will be designed for both SSH-genes and the candidate genes identified along gene expression profiling using whole genome/leukocyte relevant arrays. (wada-ama.org)
In this study, transcriptomic analysis was performed for muscle tissue of G. haimaensis in the in situ environment (MH) and laboratory environment for 0 h (M0), 3 h (M3) and 9 h (M9), and 187,368 transcript sequences and 22,924 annotated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were generated. (biomedcentral.com)
Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the gene expression patterns following siRNA‑mediated suppression of RUNX1‑RUNX1T1 and MAPK1 in Kasumi‑1 and SKNO‑1 cells and to determine the differentially expressed genes in enriched biological pathways. (prinsesmaximacentrum.nl)
The expression profiles of these two cell lines were compared using cDNA microarray and the genes differentially expressed at a significant level were identified in these two cell lines. (edu.hk)
Real-time RT-PCR was also used to check the expression levels of some of the differentially expressed genes. (edu.hk)
In addition, to find out the possible interactions among these differentially expressed genes, Pathwayassist Software was used for analysis. (edu.hk)
It was found that the products of 16 of these differentially expressed genes fall into a complex network with p53 as the key node. (edu.hk)
Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was performed to validate the differentially expressed genes in the KEGG pathways. (omicsdi.org)
Random set analysis was used to identify biological pathways enriched for genes differentially regulated in tumors (compared with 59 samples of normal mucosa). (biomedcentral.com)

The protein product of the murine double minute gene 2 (mdm-2) plays a central role in the regulation of p53. (lu.se)
Genes for non-apoptotic cell death and regulation of osmotic pressure were down-regulated. (wada-ama.org)
Positive association between RPRM and p73 expression suggest that other members of the p53 gene family may participate in the regulation of RPRM expression. (pucv.cl)
Currently, two models of cell-cycle regulation have been proposed. (duke.edu)
This result fits with the second model of cell-cycle regulation. (duke.edu)
This finding adds a new layer of regulation to the second model, providing a mechanism that coordinates cell-cycle events with a TF network oscillator. (duke.edu)
Taken together, these data provide further insight into the regulation of the cell cycle. (duke.edu)
investigate phyllotaxis and geometry of shoot apices, and growth of the young stem surface, and show that CUC2 and CUC3 genes are crucial for the regulation of growth and cell divisions during post-meristematic shoot development, but not for regular flower primordia positioning at the apex. (botany.one)
It seems now clear that posttranslational modification of both DNA repair and checkpoint proteins is of importance for the regulation of their activities but how these modifications are regulated and how they affect the activity of the proteins only begins to be described. (cea.fr)
The luciferase assay results demonstrated that HMGB1 does not regulate the p53 promoter directly but may affect the expression of p53 via its regulation on the MDM2 and the E2F1 promoters. (edu.hk)
His Gene expression profiling research is multidisciplinary, relying on both Mutation, Regulation of gene expression, Cell growth and Cancer research. (research.com)
This can be the result of gene mutation or changes in gene regulation (epigenetic, transcription, post-transcription, translation, or post-translation). (edu.vn)

The BRAF (v-raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B) gene encodes a protein that belongs to the Raf family of serine/threonine protein kinases. (hindawi.com)
Variation in response to OTQ by each cell strain at the protein level was detected by indirect immunofluorescence and western blot for cell cycle checkpoint proteins p53 and p21. (cdc.gov)
We characterized the ATM protein expression in immortalized cells from AT and AT-variant patients, and heterozygotes and correlated it with two ATM-dependent radiation responses, G1 checkpoint arrest and p53-Ser 15 phosphorylation. (nih.gov)
The radiation-induced phosphorylation of p53 protein at serine 15, largely mediated by ATM kinase, was defective in AT, A(-T) and in 2/4 heterozygous carriers, while the G1 cell cycle checkpoint was disrupted in all AT and A(-T) cases, and in 3/10 AT heterozygotes. (nih.gov)
Altogether, our study shows that AT and A(-T) cases bearing truncation mutations of the ATM gene can produce modest amounts of full-length (and only rarely truncated) ATM protein. (nih.gov)
However, this limited expression of ATM protein provides no benefit regarding the ATM-dependent responses related to G1 arrest and p53-ser15 phosphorylation. (nih.gov)
Protein expression of RPRM was evaluated in 20 tumor and non-tumor matched cases. (pucv.cl)
In clinical samples, RPRM gene protein expression was detected in 75% (15/20) of non-tumor adjacent mucosa, but only in 25% (5/20) of gastric tumor tissues (p = 0.001). (pucv.cl)
Loss of expression of RPRM gene protein product is associated with the invasive stage of GC. (pucv.cl)
Resection is accompanied by the binding of replication protein A (RPA) to the 3' single-stranded overhangs, which helps recruiting the checkpoint complexes. (cea.fr)
The Rad1 protein, evolutionarily conserved from yeast to humans, exists in cells as monomer as well as a component in the 9-1-1 protein complex. (biomedcentral.com)
The S. cerevisiae checkpoint protein Rad17, the orthologue of human Rad1, forms a homocomplex in response to treatment with DNA damaging agents, and the complex is required for yeast survival after exposure to genotoxic agents [ 12 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
What does this gene/protein do? (cancerindex.org)
What pathways are this gene/protein implicaed in? (cancerindex.org)
Scope includes mutations and abnormal protein expression. (cancerindex.org)
[ 1 ] His prediction was subsequently supported by the cloning of the retinoblastoma tumor suppressor gene ( RB1 ) and by functional studies of the retinoblastoma protein, Rb. (medscape.com)
Like Rb protein, many of the proteins encoded by tumor suppressor genes act at specific points in the cell cycle. (medscape.com)
For example, the TP53 gene, located on chromosome 17, encodes a 53-kd nuclear protein that functions as a cell cycle checkpoint. (medscape.com)
The CDK4-cyclinD complex normally phosphorylates the retinoblastoma protein (Rb protein), leading to release of the E2F transcription factor and cell cycle progression. (medscape.com)
The p19ARF protein, which is encoded by the same locus as p16, also leads to cell cycle arrest by inhibiting the ability of MDM2 to inactivate TP53. (medscape.com)
The p16INK4A protein is a cell-cycle inhibitor that acts by inhibiting activated cyclin D:CDK4/6 complexes, which play a crucial role in the control of the cell cycle by phosphorylating Rb protein. (medscape.com)
Checkpoint kinase 2 (CHEK2), a cell cycle checkpoint regulator gene, codes for a kinase protein activated in response to radiation and other agents that cause breaks in the DNA. (termedia.pl)
There are only a few reports on the expression of Ku70/80 in breast cancers [17-21], but the association of this protein with germline CHEK2 mutations in breast cancer patients is unknown. (termedia.pl)
In a parallel experiment, a p53 expression plasmid was also included to find out if the p53 protein may influence the regulatory effect of HMGB1 on these promoters. (edu.hk)
Oestrogen enters target cells, and binds with a receptor protein. (biotopics.co.uk)
The pituitary tumour transforming gene (PTTG), also known as securin, is a mitotic checkpoint protein which inhibits sister chromatid separation during mitosis. (birmingham.ac.uk)
One example of a gene modification that alters the growth rate is increased phosphorylation of cyclin B, a protein that controls the progression of a cell through the cell cycle and serves as a cell-cycle checkpoint protein. (edu.vn)
Therefore, changes in histone acetylation (epigenetic modification that leads to gene silencing), activation of transcription factors by phosphorylation, increased RNA stability, increased translational control, and protein modification can all be detected at some point in various cancer cells. (edu.vn)
This is because oncogenes can alter transcriptional activity, stability, or protein translation of another gene that directly or indirectly controls cell growth. (edu.vn)
RAD9A is highly similar to Schizosaccharomyces pombe rad9, a cell cycle checkpoint protein required for cell cycle arrest and DNA damage repair in response to DNA damage. (avivasysbio.com)
It forms a checkpoint protein complex with RAD1 and HUS1. (avivasysbio.com)
This complex is recruited by checkpoint protein RAD17 to the sites of DNA damage, which is thought to be important for triggering the checkpoint-signaling cascade. (avivasysbio.com)

SL originally described a relationship between two genes, where alteration of either gene alone results in viable cells, but alteration (mutation, loss, or inhibition) of both genes simultaneously was lethal. (nature.com)
Unrepaired DNA lesions can lead to cell death, gene mutation and cancer. (biomedcentral.com)
Recent research has classified lung adenocarcinoma patients with KRAS mutation into three subtypes by co-occurring genetic events in TP53 (KP subgroup), STK11/LKB1 (KL subgroup) and CDKN2A/B inactivation plus TTF-1 low expression (KC subgroup). (cancerindex.org)
Germline mutation of one TP53 allele is found in patients with Li-Fraumeni syndrome who generally inherit a mutated TP53 gene from an affected parent. (medscape.com)
Deletion or mutation of genes coding for Ku70 or Ku80 proteins results in a highly radiosensitive phenotype [10]. (termedia.pl)
A mutation, or (increased or abnormal) methylation, in a tumour suppressor gene may adversely affect the expression or transcription of the gene so that the amino acid sequence and hence the primary structure of its polypeptide product is altered. (biotopics.co.uk)
If a mutation occurs in the proto-oncogene, producing an oncogene , more of these proteins are produced and this leads to unregulated cell division, a slower rate of cell differentiation and increased inhibition of the normal cell death, so cells build up, causing cancer and forming a tumour. (biotopics.co.uk)
This ensures that the cell has properly completed the step and has not encountered any mutation that will alter its function. (edu.vn)
Therefore, the mutation of p53 in cancer will dramatically alter the transcriptional activity of its target genes. (edu.vn)

Because BRCA mutations are observed in fewer than 10% of cancer patients (cBioPortal: 6.7%) 11 , 12 , 13 the identification of additional genes that share synthetic lethal sensitivity relationships with mutated oncogenes or tumor suppressors would greatly enhance the implementation of tumor cell-specific synthetic lethal sensitivity to improve an anticancer therapeutic response. (nature.com)
Because most tumors are deficient in one or more aspects of the function of the p53 tumor suppressor, either as a consequence of mutations within p53, or impairment of upstream and downstream modulators of p53 activity 19 , targeting MK2 has the potential to selectively enhance tumor cell killing without increasing the genotoxic effects of chemotherapy on normal p53-wild type tissues. (nature.com)
Mutations in this gene have been associated with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome, an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by the growth of polyps in the gastrointestinal tract, pigmented macules on the skin and mouth, and other neoplasms. (cancerindex.org)
DUSP4 alterations lead to hyperactivation of MAPK signaling in many cancers, including breast cancer, which often harbor mutations in cell cycle checkpoint genes, particularly in TP53. (biomedcentral.com)
This study identifies a novel mechanism for breast tumorigenesis implicating Dusp4 loss and p53 mutations in cellular acquisition of Dbf4 upregulation as a driver of cellular replication and cell cycle checkpoint escape. (biomedcentral.com)
We find that together with loss-of-function mutations in p53 and, to some degree, potentiated by cMyc overexpression, Dusp4 deletion aids in cell cycle checkpoint escape while simultaneously potentiating hallmarks of replicative stress, including multinucleation and Chk1 phosphorylation. (biomedcentral.com)
These studies reveal that recurrent somatic mutations occur in only a handful of genes, with an overall mutational burden of roughly 1-2 per Mb. (springer.com)
The exact mechanism by which aromatic amines cause cancer is not yet known but scientists believe they may bind with DNA causing mutations or interacting with other molecules causing inflammation or oxidative stress that can lead to cellular damage or changes in gene expression. (preventionstartshere.org)
It has also been found that exposure to aromatic amines can lead to DNA damage through oxidative stress, which may increase genetic mutations resulting in cancerous cell growth. (preventionstartshere.org)
In cancer cells, mutations modify cell-cycle control and cells don't stop growing as they normally would. (edu.vn)
Mutations can also alter the growth rate or the progression of the cell through the cell cycle. (edu.vn)
As a result, cells can progress through the cell cycle unimpeded, even if mutations exist in the cell and its growth should be terminated. (edu.vn)

p53, mdm-2, p21, and mib-1 expression were not significantly associated with response to chemotherapy, time to progression, or overall survival in the whole patient population or in the docetaxel group. (lu.se)
This pathway describes progression of a serrated precursor lesion, often followed by the onset of epigenetic instability involving promoter methylation and silencing of key tumour suppressor genes, and accounts for 15%-20% of sporadic colorectal cancer [ 1 , 2 ]. (hindawi.com)
In this dissertation, I explore the mechanisms that coordinate and regulate cell-cycle progression in the budding yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae. (duke.edu)
Eukaryotic cells have developed exquisite mechanisms that monitor and coordinate cell cycle progression with repair of DNA damage to maintain genome integrity. (biomedcentral.com)
The role of cell cycle checkpoint proteins is to integrate internal and external factors to determine whether the cell is prepared for progression of the cell cycle. (ptgcn.com)
Further analysis with GenomeLab GeXP genetic system on brain tissues showed that the expression of most xenobiotic metabolism, cell progression, tumour suppressor, DNA damage and inflammation genes was maintained at normal level. (upm.edu.my)
The most relevant articles summarising existing knowledge on RCC genomics, including tumour cell evolution and progression, were selected for this review. (springer.com)
Cancer cells emit sustained proliferative signals that activate progression of the cell cycle as well as support the formation and growth of tumor tissue. (biomedcentral.com)
Results: Fibroblastic meningioma exhibited upregulated PI3K/Akt and TGFÎ² signaling pathways, and accelerated G1/S progression cell cycle. (omicsdi.org)

Therefore, compared to normal p53-proficient cells, p53-defective cells are more reliant on MK2 activity, which drives an alternative cell cycle checkpoint pathway that stabilizes the CKI inhibitors p27 Kip1 and Gadd45α in order to maintain G 1 /S and G 2 /M arrest after certain types of DNA damage 16 , 18 . (nature.com)
This signal transduction pathway is initiated by epidermal growth factor ligands binding to and activating receptor tyrosine kinases (RTK) at the cell membrane. (hindawi.com)
ATM (ataxia-telangiectasia mutated) gene plays a central role in the DNA-damage response pathway. (nih.gov)
In general, NHEJ is the preferred pathway in the G1 phase of the cell cycle, while HR is favored in S and G2 phases. (cea.fr)
This pathway modifies p53 targets, leading to enhanced p53-mediated expression of DUSP4, resulting in cellular senescence. (biomedcentral.com)
KEGG pathway analysis was performed to identify potential gene pathways that may be involved in the pathogenesis of meningiomas. (omicsdi.org)
His research in High-Throughput Screening Assays intersects with topics in Gene expression profiling, Biological pathway, Transcriptome, DNA microarray and Gene. (research.com)

The worst prognosis is in Group 3 patients, who often have high MYC expression, a transcription factor that triggers or blocks any array of target genes. (childrenscolorado.org)
Interestingly, replication stress in Brca2-null cells activates p53 and the expression of its target genes, including senescence-inducing Ink4/Arf. (biomedcentral.com)

In response to DNA damage, a synthetic lethal relationship exists between the cell cycle checkpoint kinase MK2 and the tumor suppressor p53. (nature.com)
The oncogenic kinase PLK1 controls cell cycle and growth and is a cancer therapeutic target. (childrenscolorado.org)
Polo-like kinase-1 (PLK1) is highly expressed in rapidly dividing normal cells and is overexpressed in many types of cancer, including Group 3 medulloblastoma, and is associated with poor prognosis. (childrenscolorado.org)
This gene, which encodes a member of the serine/threonine kinase family, regulates cell polarity and functions as a tumor suppressor. (cancerindex.org)
Another important class of tumor suppressor genes involved in cell cycle control and in the generation of human cancers is the cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors. (medscape.com)
His DNA damage research includes elements of Nuclear export signal, Cell cycle checkpoint, Cyclin-dependent kinase 1, Cyclin B1 and Molecular biology. (research.com)

We find that nontransformed cells undergo a TP53-dependent growth arrest and activate interferon signaling in response to LINE-1. (nih.gov)
TP53 inhibition allows LINE-1 + cells to grow, and genome-wide-knockout screens show that these cells require replication-coupled DNA-repair pathways, replication-stress signaling and replication-fork restart factors. (nih.gov)
RUNX1‑RUNX1T1 suppression exerted an anti‑apoptotic effect through the overexpression of BCL2, BIRC3 and CFLAR genes, while MAPK1 suppression induced apopotosis in t(8;21) cells by the apoptotic mitochondrial changes stimulated by the activity of upregulated TP53 and TNFSF10, and downregulated JUN gene. (prinsesmaximacentrum.nl)
The genes TP53 and CHEK2 are also associated with an increased risk of breast cancer. (biotopics.co.uk)

HR comprises different pathways: gene conversion (GC) that accurately repair the lesion by copying the homologous sequence, single strand annealing (SSA) or break induced replication (BIR) that can both lead to loss of genetic information. (cea.fr)
We shall consider each subtype in turn describing genes and pathways of oncogenesis and how these relate to prognosis and treatment response. (springer.com)
Conclusion: We proposed that deregulation of cell cycle and PI3K/Akt pathways might play important roles in the tumorigenesis of fibroblastic meningioma. (omicsdi.org)
S transition in the cell cycle, upregulated expression of tumor-promoting microenvironmental factors, and profound dysregulation of metabolic pathways (e.g., increased aerobic glycolysis, downregulation of pathways that metabolize drugs and xenobiotics). (biomedcentral.com)

p53, mdm-2, p21, and mib-1 expression were assessed by immunohistochemical methods in primary tumors derived from 134 patients who took part in a randomized multicenter trial comparing docetaxel to sequential methotrexate and 5-fluorouracil (MF) in advanced breast cancer. (lu.se)
Interestingly, tumors with both negative mdm-2 and p21 expression, irrespective of p53 status, had a high response rate to docetaxel but no response to MF. (lu.se)
The novel PLK1 inhibitor, onvansertib, is the first available for oral administration and has shown tumor growth inhibition in hematologic tumors, osteosarcoma, ovarian carcinoma, breast cancer and colon adenocarcinoma cells. (childrenscolorado.org)
Although carcinogenic roles for the INK4B, INK4C, INK4D, CIP1, KIP1, and KIP2 genes appear to be limited, INK4A is among the most commonly mutated genes in human tumors. (medscape.com)
We also attempt to investigate EGFL6 gene expression in brain arachnoidal tissues and various tumors and to measure EGFL6 levels in serum samples from healthy people and patients with various tumors by using ELISA. (omicsdi.org)
EGFL6 gene was also highly expressed in ovarian cancer, but expressed lowly in all other investigated tumors. (omicsdi.org)
High B-cell numbers can result in tumors that can interfere with normal bodily function. (edu.vn)

However, alterations to tumour suppressor genes can lead to the development of tumours. (biotopics.co.uk)

In addition, these alterations affect 3 principal categories of genes, as follows: proto-oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes, and DNA repair genes. (medscape.com)
This article briefly discusses tumor suppressor genes and then focuses on the role of proto-oncogenes in childhood cancer. (medscape.com)
Proto-oncogenes are positive cell-cycle regulators. (edu.vn)

DSBs are first detected and signaled by the DNA damage checkpoint that triggers cell cycle arrest, providing time for the cell to repair damaged chromosomes before entering mitosis. (cea.fr)

Thus, most cancers cells develop numerous mechanisms to decrease p53 expression and bypass the cell cycle checkpoint. (aprofarm.org)
The most common non-clear cell renal cancers have also undergone genomic profiling and are characterised by distinct genomic landscapes. (springer.com)
Correlation with outcome needs to be more comprehensively furnished, particularly for small renal masses, rarer non-clear cell renal cancers, and for all tumours undergoing targeted therapy. (springer.com)
We also demonstrated a strong relationship between PTTG expression and the degree of genetic instability in thyroid cancers (R-2 = 0.80, P = 0.007). (birmingham.ac.uk)
Overall, we describe the first use of FISSR-PCR in human cancers, and demonstrate that PTTG expression correlates with genetic instability in vivo, and induces genetic instability in vitro. (birmingham.ac.uk)
Single drugs may cure selected cancers (eg, choriocarcinoma, hairy cell leukemia). (msdmanuals.com)

Cell-cycle events have been shown to be triggered by oscillations in the activity of cyclin dependent kinases (CDKs) when bound to cyclins. (duke.edu)
Once recruited to DSB, these complexes get activated and induce the phosphorylation of numerous targets including transducing kinases, which subsequently phosphorylate downstream effectors to delay cell cycle and promote DNA repair. (cea.fr)
Additionally, the checkpoint kinases modify the chromatin surrounding DNA damages through phosphorylation of the H2A histone (H2AX in mammals). (cea.fr)
Change in localisation depends on the checkpoint kinases Tel1ATM and Mec1ATR and has a positive effect on spontaneous recombination. (cea.fr)
Cyclin-dependent kinases and tumor suppressor proteins are stimulators and modulators of cell division. (ptgcn.com)

The key role of checkpoint proteins is to detect DNA damage and send a signal to delay cell cycle advance until the damaged chromosomes are repaired (Figure 1). (ptgcn.com)
Loss of function of the Cik1/Kar3 motor complex results in chromosomes with syntelic attachment that are sensed by the tension checkpoint. (fsu.edu)

These findings establish a mechanism for co-targeting DNA damage-induced cell cycle checkpoints in combination with repair of cisplatin-DNA lesions in vivo using RNAi nanocarriers, and motivate further exploration of ASL as a generalized strategy to improve cancer treatment. (nature.com)
Cancer cells that are defective in p53 function are deficient in their ability to transcriptionally upregulate the CDK inhibitor p21 after genotoxic stress. (nature.com)
We identified a colorectal cancer wherein a fast-growing tumor subclone downregulated LINE-1, prompting us to examine how LINE-1 expression affects cell growth. (nih.gov)
Our findings demonstrate that LINE-1 expression creates specific molecular vulnerabilities and reveal a retrotransposition-replication conflict that may be an important determinant of cancer growth. (nih.gov)
In breast cancer patients, it is unclear whether measuring p53, mdm-2, or p21 expression provides information on how patients will respond to chemotherapy. (lu.se)
Reprimo (RPRM), a downstream effector of p53-induced cell cycle arrest at G2/M, has been proposed as a putative tumor suppressor gene (TSG) and as a potential biomarker for non-invasive detection of gastric cancer (GC). (pucv.cl)
Recent studies have examined the consequences of epigenetic marks and cell cycle control, which has led to more research regarding cell division cancer, emphasizing the fact that the cell division process requires accurate checkpoints to avoid genetic damage. (ptgcn.com)
Here, we studied the correlations between the checkpoint with forkhead-associated and ring finger (CHFR) gene expression and responses to paclitaxel in endometrial cancer cells. (bmj.com)
We cultured 6 endometrial cancer cell lines exposed to paclitaxel, studied the cell cytotoxicity, cell cycle distribution, CHFR expression, and methylation status before and after a demethylation agent (5-aza) treatment. (bmj.com)
Our data suggest that CHFR suppression regulated by hypermethylation may sensitize endometrial cancer cells to paclitaxel, and CHFR may be a promising marker to predict the response of endometrial cancer to paclitaxel. (bmj.com)
The results were validated both by gene expression analysis and immunohistochemistry study in an independent 55 clinical samples from Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center. (cancerindex.org)
Using a genetically engineered mouse model, we generated mammary-specific Dusp4 -deleted primary epithelial cells to investigate the necessary conditions in which DUSP4 loss may drive breast cancer oncogenesis. (biomedcentral.com)
Given the previously reported role of DUSP4 as a p53 target, a potential cell cycle checkpoint, and in mediating senescence downstream of replication stress, we hypothesized that DUSP4 may be a critical oncogenic driver in breast cancer. (biomedcentral.com)
DNA repair targeted therapy, which kills cancer cells preventing DNA repair [1-3]. (termedia.pl)
These inhibitors inhibit NHEJ-catalyzed DSB repair and sensitize in vitro cancer cells to DSB-inducing agents. (termedia.pl)
CHEK2 is not only a breast cancer susceptibility gene but also a multi-organ cancer susceptibility gene [15]. (termedia.pl)
Scientists working in basic, translational, and clinical cancer metabolism research are invited to join the Academy in New York on April 17th to discuss the intersection between cell signaling and metabolism. (nyas.org)
Cancer Cell Metabolism: Unique Features Inform New Therapeutic Opportunities. (nyas.org)
The colon gene expression analysis showed that vanillin could enhance recombinational repair and mismatch repair, arrest cell at cell cycle checkpoints, increase the expression of tumour suppressor gene, colorectal cancer biomarker and proto-oncogene. (upm.edu.my)
In conclusion, vanillin could induce cytotoxic effects on colorectal cancer cells. (upm.edu.my)
In this study, an anti-sense strategy was used to suppress the HMGB1 expression level in the human breast cancer MCF-7 cell line. (edu.hk)
Cancer cells can recur if they are not completely removed. (biotopics.co.uk)
This reverses its normal inhibitory action, resulting in the rapid and uncontrollable cell division which is the hallmark of cancer. (biotopics.co.uk)
Most cases of breast cancer do not 'run in families', but the well-known genes BRCA1 and BRCA2 can increase the risk of developing breast cancer (and also ovarian cancer). (biotopics.co.uk)
Most women have a 12% chance of developing breast cancer in their lifetime, and women with mutated BRCA1 or BRCA2 genes may have as much as an 80% chance, and they are more likely to develop it at an early age. (biotopics.co.uk)
Clear cell, papillary cell, and chromophobe renal cell carcinomas (RCCs) have now been well characterised thanks to large collaborative projects such as The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). (springer.com)
In this review, we consider what is currently known of the genetic landscape of the commonest subtypes of renal cell cancer (RCC). (springer.com)
Cancer reflects the progressive accumulation of genetic alterations and subsequent genetic instability of cells. (birmingham.ac.uk)
We conclude that PTTG may be an important gene in the mutator phenotype development in thyroid cancer. (birmingham.ac.uk)
His Gene study incorporates themes from Cancer and Computational biology. (research.com)
This post-translational change of cyclin B prevents it from controlling the cell cycle and contributes to the development of cancer. (edu.vn)
Cancer can be described as a disease of altered gene expression. (edu.vn)
Scientists are working to understand the common changes that give rise to certain types of cancer or how a modification might be exploited to destroy a tumor cell. (edu.vn)
The most studied tumor suppressor gene is p53, which is mutated in over 50 percent of all cancer types. (edu.vn)
Silencing genes through epigenetic mechanisms is also very common in cancer cells. (edu.vn)
In cancer cells, the DNA in the promoter region of silenced genes is methylated on cytosine DNA residues in CpG islands. (edu.vn)
This combination of DNA methylation and histone deacetylation (epigenetic modifications that lead to gene silencing) is commonly found in cancer. (edu.vn)
Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is a nonmelanocytic skin cancer (ie, an epithelial tumor) that arises from basal cells (ie, small, round cells found in the lower layer of the epidermis). (medscape.com)
A prospective of five cervical cancer screening tests assessed the risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. (who.int)
NEW ORLEANS - For patients with resectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), further clinical data continue to show benefit from preoperative treatment with the immune checkpoint inhibitor nivolumab (Opdivo) with chemotherapy. (medscape.com)
Event-free survival was improved in patients with a pathological complete response compared with those without, suggesting pCR is a surrogate endpoint for long-term outcomes in resectable non-small cell lung cancer, and this is the first time [this has been shown] in a randomized phase 3 study," he said. (medscape.com)
Загальні відомості про терапію злоякісних новоутворень Curing cancer requires eliminating all cells capable of causing cancer recurrence in a person's lifetime. (msdmanuals.com)
The ideal drug would target only cancer cells and have no adverse effects on normal cells. (msdmanuals.com)
Cytotoxic drugs damage DNA and kill many normal cells as well as cancer cells. (msdmanuals.com)
In contrast, other drugs (eg, DNA cross-linkers, also known as alkylating agents) have a linear dose-response relationship, killing more cancer cells at higher doses. (msdmanuals.com)
70-gene signature as an aid for treatment decisions in early breast cancer: updated results of the phase 3 randomised MINDACT trial with an exploratory analysis by age. (cdc.gov)

To further understand the mechanism of action of OTQ, gene expression was studied in four strains of primary normal human mammary epithelial cells. (cdc.gov)

Mechanistically, both peptides caused a significant reduction at G0/G1 phase, in correlation with an augmented expression of the cell cycle inhibitory proteins p53, p27, p21, necrosis, exacerbated generation of reactive oxygen species and diminished mitochondrial membrane potential, all hallmarks of cellular stress. (nature.com)

The gene, which is called MYBL2 , encodes a transcription factor that helps to control the cell division cycle. (elifesciences.org)
The second model proposes that a transcription factor (TF) network oscillator controls the timing of cell-cycle events, via proper timing of gene expression, including cyclins. (duke.edu)
As a transcription factor whose expression is increased by DNA damage, p53 blocks cell division at the G1 phase of the cell cycle to allow DNA repair. (medscape.com)
It has long been known as an architectural transcription factor involved in gene activation as well as in other nuclear processes. (edu.hk)
The activated version of this acts as a transcription factor regulating various gene expression events involved in the development of breast tissue in puberty and pregnancy. (biotopics.co.uk)

The aim of this study was to evaluate the epigenetic silencing of RPRM gene by promoter methylation and its tumor suppressor function in GC cell lines. (pucv.cl)
Epigenetic silencing of RPRM gene by promoter methylation was evaluated in four GC cell lines. (pucv.cl)
In conclusion, epigenetic silencing of RPRM gene by promoter methylation is associated with loss of RPRM expression. (pucv.cl)

Based on the possible role of HMGB1 in the p53 network, investigattion on whether HMGB1 could regulate some potential downstream genes at the transcriptional level was carried out. (edu.hk)

This suggests that additional mechanisms must be acting to reduce expression of their remaining copy of the gene. (elifesciences.org)
Understanding the regulatory mechanisms that control cell-cycle events remains to be a fundamental question in cell biology. (duke.edu)
The ability to distinguish proliferative hepatocytes from hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and normal liver tissues and comparison of their gene expression profiles will aid us in understanding the mechanisms underlying aberrant proliferative signaling in malignant cells. (biomedcentral.com)
For chemotherapy drugs, one of the best characterized resistance mechanisms is overexpression of MDR1 , a cell membrane transporter that causes efflux of certain drugs (eg, vinca alkaloids, taxanes, anthracyclines). (msdmanuals.com)

A proportion of BRAF mutant lesions will methylate a DNA mismatch repair gene, MLH1 , which leads to the onset of microsatellite instability (MSI) [ 3 ]. (hindawi.com)

This deletion is only ever seen in one of their two copies of the chromosome-suggesting that at least some of these genes are essential for survival-but the identity of the gene(s) that are associated with the increased risk of myeloid malignancies is unknown. (elifesciences.org)

In the first phase of the project cell lines of specific leukocyte subsets (THP-1/monocyte, IM-9/T lymphocyte, H9/B lymphocyte), PBMCs (peripheral blood mononuclear cells) from healthy donors, respectively will be treated in vitro with hgh to identify candidate genes influenced by hghapplication. (wada-ama.org)
To find additional hgh-candidate genes, suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) technology will be applied on hgh-treated PBMCs and on those cultured leukocyte subsets which showed a response to hgh before during in vitro studies. (wada-ama.org)
To this purpose cell lines of specific leukocyte subsets (THP-1/ monocyte, IM-9/ B- lymphocyte, H9/ T-lymphocyte) and PBMCs (peripheral blood mononuclear cells) from healthy donors, respectively were treated in vitro with hgh to identify candidate hgh-sensitive genes. (wada-ama.org)
Findings from the in vitro study showed that vanillin was cytotoxic towards HT-29 and 3T3 cells with the IC50 value of 400 μg/ml and 1000 μg/ml respectively. (upm.edu.my)

Richard S. Paules mainly investigates Gene expression, Gene expression profiling, DNA damage, Computational biology and Genetics. (research.com)
Genetics covers Richard S. Paules research in Gene expression profiling. (research.com)
Although older chemotherapeutic drugs are often toxic to normal cells, advances in genetics and cellular and molecular biology have led to development of more selective drugs. (msdmanuals.com)

Knockdown of Rad9 in prostate tumor cells correlates with reduction of tumorigenicity in nude mice [ 16 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

The present project aims to introduce microarray technology as a new analytical tool into the field of doping control analysis to gain insight in specific effects of recombinant human growth hormone (hgh) on blood cells (leukocytes). (wada-ama.org)
Microarray technology will be used to search for changes in leukocyte gene expression which are directly related to the application of human growth hormone (hgh). (wada-ama.org)
To establish a selective "hgh-chip" the newly designed oligonucleotide probes for the hghcandidate genes will be printed on a microarray. (wada-ama.org)
PLK1 expression was examined by performing microarray and immunohistochemistry on pediatric patient samples. (childrenscolorado.org)
His work on Microarray analysis techniques as part of general Gene expression research is frequently linked to Enzyme inducer, thereby connecting diverse disciplines of science. (research.com)

This process is mediated by various enzymes modifying chromatin structures to achieve the diversity of epigenetic space and the intricacy in gene expression files. (frontiersin.org)
Furthermore, nitrosamines have been found to disrupt epigenetic processes by modifying histones which alter gene expression and modify cellular physiology making malignant transformation more likely. (preventionstartshere.org)

Multiple genes negatively impact overall cellular fitness and are targets for effective treatment. (childrenscolorado.org)
Cells are constantly exposed to stresses from cellular metabolites as well as environmental genotoxins. (biomedcentral.com)
We found that Dusp4 loss alone is insufficient in mediating tumorigenesis, but alternatively converges with loss in Trp53 and MYC amplification to induce tumorigenesis primarily through chromosome 5 amplification, which specifically upregulates Dbf4 , a cell cycle gene that promotes cellular replication by mediating cell cycle checkpoint escape. (biomedcentral.com)
The DUSPs represent a large family of phosphatases [ 9 ] with varying tissue expression, cellular localization and serine/threonine substrates. (biomedcentral.com)

Rad1 plays crucial roles in DNA repair and cell cycle checkpoint control, but its contribution to carcinogenesis is unknown. (biomedcentral.com)
REG4, an important regulator of gastro-intestinal carcinogenesis, was highly expressed in KRAS mutant lung adenocarcinoma with low expression of TTF-1 (KC subtype). (cancerindex.org)

Whole genome cDNA microarrays as well as oligonucleotide microarrays including leukocyte-relevant genes will be used to characterize potential hgh-specific genes by comparing gene expression profiles of treated and untreated cells. (wada-ama.org)

The three dimensional organization of the genome in the nucleus, previously known to impact on gene expression, has recently emerged as a key regulator of DNA repair. (cea.fr)
During the last decade, the non-random spatial arrangement of the genome into the nucleus of eukaryotic cells, as emerged as a key regulator of genome functions and notably of the propagation of a stable genome. (cea.fr)

Results obtained from gene expression profiling utilising whole genome arrays were in accordance with published data. (wada-ama.org)
The tumor suppressor p53 transactivates the expression of a number of genes to exert its multifaceted features and in the end maintains genome stability. (aprofarm.org)

The current version of the model gives predictions of the yields and sizes of translocations, dicentrics, rings, and more complex-type aberrations formed in the G 0 /G 1 cell cycle phase during the first cell division after irradiation. (bioone.org)
RUNX1‑RUNX1T1 and MAPK1 depletion induced cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase. (prinsesmaximacentrum.nl)
Accumulation of cells in the G1 phase was largely the result of downregulated expression of TBRG4, CCNE2, FOXO4, CDK6, ING4, IL8, MAD2L1 and CCNG2 in the case of RUNX1‑RUNX1T1 depletion and increased expression of RASSF1, FBXO6, DADD45A and P53 in the case of MAPK1 depletion. (prinsesmaximacentrum.nl)
In addition, cells with CHFR demethylation resulted in G2/M phase arrest that induced to paclitaxel resistance. (bmj.com)
For cells to move through each phase of the cell cycle, the cell must pass through checkpoints. (edu.vn)

Previous studies showed that vanillin was a good red blood sickle cell inhibitor, anti-microbial agent and anti-mutagen. (upm.edu.my)
Among 358 patients in the trial, the median event-free survival (EFS) was 31.6 months for patients randomly assigned to the combination of the immune checkpoint inhibitor nivolumab and platinum-base chemotherapy, compared with 20.8 months for patients assigned to chemotherapy alone. (medscape.com)

This indicates the importance of HMGB1 in p53 expression and cell cycle checkpoint control. (edu.hk)
Obviously this is the result of cell division, but the speed or rate of division can be a problem, and the cell division may not be under control like ordinary cells. (biotopics.co.uk)
Malignant tumours are cancerous growths and because their cell division is not subject to normal control they may grow quite fast and can sometimes spread to other parts of the body. (biotopics.co.uk)
genes that normally control the way cells divide, grow and develop. (biotopics.co.uk)
Healthy tissues carefully control their cell growth and division cycle and ensure cell number homeostasis, which preserves tissue architecture and function. (biomedcentral.com)
Many proteins, including cyclin B, control these checkpoints. (edu.vn)

The next most prevalent aberrations include a cohort of chromatin-modifying genes with diverse roles including PBRM1 , SETD2 , BAP1 , and KMD5C . (springer.com)
We were also able to pinpoint specific changes within each gene set that seem to play key roles at each transition. (biomedcentral.com)

Eukaryotic cells. (edu.hk)

We have been interested in how the human HMGB1 gene is regulated as well as how HMGB1 regulates other genes in the cell. (edu.hk)

RUNX1‑RUNX1T1 suppression supported myeloid differentiation by the differential expression of CEBPA, CEBPE, ID2, JMJD6, IKZF1, CBFB, KIT and CDK6, while MAPK1 depletion inhibited the differentiation of t(8;21) cells by elevated expression of ADA and downregulation of JUN. (prinsesmaximacentrum.nl)

used gene silencing techniques to reduce the expression of MYBL2 in mice and showed that this induced symptoms of myeloid malignancies in the animals. (elifesciences.org)
Functional studies and RNA sequencing were performed after silencing the REG4 expression. (cancerindex.org)
current view for the silencing of the spindle assembly checkpoint. (fsu.edu)
There are many proteins that are turned on or off (gene activation or gene silencing) that dramatically alter the overall activity of the cell. (edu.vn)

The early preinvasive stage was characterized by cell-cycle checkpoint activation triggered by DNA replication stress and dramatic downregulation of basic transmembrane signaling processes that maintain epithelial/stromal homeostasis in the normal mucosa. (biomedcentral.com)

Overexpression of the oncogene can lead to uncontrolled cell growth. (edu.vn)
Overexpression of myc transforms normal B cells into cancerous cells that continue to grow uncontrollably. (edu.vn)

Then we examined tumor growth and CHFR expression with paclitaxel alone or combined with 5-aza pretreatment in vivo. (bmj.com)
to study the effects of vanillin on expression of selected genes in vivo. (upm.edu.my)
From the in vivo study, results showed that treatment of 300 mg/kg of vanillin by intra-peritoneal injection caused the rats to be unconscious without exerting any negative effect on blood cells, kidney and liver. (upm.edu.my)
This technique provides an unprecedented opportunity to identify cells in vivo and comprehensively characterize their transcriptomes. (biomedcentral.com)

External insults (eg, infections, radiation, drugs) may disrupt stem cell homeostasis in marrow environment, leading to altered growth. (medscape.com)
We present a computational model for calculating the yield of radiation-induced chromosomal aberrations in human cells based on a stochastic Monte Carlo approach and calibrated using the relative frequencies and distributions of chromosomal aberrations reported in the literature. (bioone.org)

THP-1 cells, a model system for monocytes, were least sensitive to the application of hgh due to the lack of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) production. (wada-ama.org)
Investigators used CRISPR-Cas9 screening to determine which genes were essential for medulloblastoma tumor growth. (childrenscolorado.org)
Cell cycle and DNA replication are top signaling hubs for medulloblastoma cell growth. (childrenscolorado.org)
Over-expression of the cell cycle checkpoint gene, WEE1, may repress growth and development. (botany.one)
Although we often talk about tumours as 'growths' their formation is best explained in terms of cell division rather than growth. (biotopics.co.uk)
In normal cells, some genes function to prevent excess, inappropriate cell growth. (edu.vn)
These are tumor suppressor genes, which are active in normal cells to prevent uncontrolled cell growth. (edu.vn)

Although the function of these genes varied, these findings provide insight into the effects of OTQ, and emphasize the role of inter-individual variation in gene expression profiles. (cdc.gov)

The modified cells are able to expand more robustly than normal cells, and this dominance induced by downregulation of the tumor suppressor increases the risk of malignancy. (elifesciences.org)

Se realizó una búsqueda de literatura en PubMed, Google Académico y Epistemonikos para documentos publicados sobre el tema desde enero de 2016 hasta el 3 de agosto de 2022. (bvsalud.org)

Anatomy25

Organisms6

Diseases12

Chemicals and Drugs112

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment22

Phenomena and Processes90

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science3

Health Care3

Apoptosis16

Proliferation9

Differentially9

Regulation12

Protein32

Mutation9

Mutations12

Progression9

Pathway7

Target genes2

Kinase6

TP534

Pathways4

Tumors7

Tumour suppr1

Oncogenes3

Damage checkpoint1

Cancers6

Kinases5

Chromosomes2

Cancer46

Epithelial cells1

Proteins p531

Transcription factor5

Methylation3

Downstream1

Mechanisms4

Lesions1

Deletion1

Vitro4

Genetics3

Correlates1

Microarray5

Epigenetic2

Cellular4

Carcinogenesis2

CDNA1

Regulator2

Genome2

Phase5

Inhibitor2

Control6

Roles2

Eukaryotic1

Regulates1

Suppression1

Silencing4

Replication-stress1

Overexpression2

Vivo4

Radiation2

Growth7

Findings1

Downregulation1

20221