• This gene is a member of the Antp homeobox family and encodes a protein with a homeobox DNA-binding domain. (wikipedia.org)
  • Here we report Antennapedia (Antp) Hox protein-protein interaction with the TATA-binding protein (TBP) and the formation of novel trimeric complexes with TFIIEβ and Extradenticle (Exd), as well as its participation in transcriptional regulation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Here, we focused on the interplay between Antp and the basal transcription machinery and show the direct interaction of Antp with TBP through the poly-glutamine (PolyQ) regions of both proteins. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Similarly, the homeobox Antennapedia (Antp) transcription factor of Drosophila melanogaster was demonstrated to enter nerve cells in a receptor-independent manner, where it could then regulate neural morphogenesis [ 3 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
  • Further mapping studies of the domains within Tat and Antp responsible for the observed transduction led to the identification of the first two CPPS: the 11 amino acid cationic, arginine- and lysine-rich domain of Tat protein (YGRKKRRQRRR) [ 4 ] and the 16 amino acid sequence from the third helix of the Antennapedia domain (RQIKIWFQNRRMKWKK) termed Antp, also known as penetratin [ 5 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
  • Other examples of Drosophila gene complexes include the Antennapedia complex (ANTP-C), the bithorax complex (BX-C) and the achaete-scute complex (AS-C). The hallmark of all these gene complexes, including the E(spl)-C is that within any complex the genes are evolutionarily related and jointly regulated. (sdbonline.org)
  • All genes in the ANTP-C and BX-C code for homeodomain proteins. (sdbonline.org)
  • This gene is highly similar to the antennapedia (Antp) gene of Drosophila. (nih.gov)
  • The homeobox genes of animals are categorized into eleven classes, with the Antennapedia class (ANTP) being one of the largest, comprising the Hox, ParaHox and NK gene families [ 5 , 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In the lymph gland , an hematopoietic organ in Drosophila larva, a group of cells called the Posterior Signaling Centre (PSC), whose specification depends on the EBF transcription factor Collier (Col) and the HOX factor Antennapedia (Antp), has been proposed to form a niche required to maintain the pool of hematopoietic progenitors (prohemocytes). (sdbonline.org)
  • Interestingly, beside its expression in the PSC, Col is also expressed at low levels in prohemocytes and it was shown that this expression persists in PSC-ablated and Antp mutant larvae. (sdbonline.org)
  • This plethora of Hox protein-protein interactions clearly points to a Hox-driven transcription process in which every Hox homeoprotein could selectively recruit GTFs to achieve specificity and activate or repress target genes during Drosophila development, although the precise molecular mechanisms remain elusive [ 25 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Mutations in the gene for the antennapedia homeodomain protein are associated with the conversion of antenna to leg or leg to antenna DROSOPHILA. (lookformedical.com)
  • Proteins that originate from insect species belonging to the genus DROSOPHILA. (lookformedical.com)
  • The proteins from the most intensely studied species of Drosophila, DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER, are the subject of much interest in the area of MORPHOGENESIS and development. (lookformedical.com)
  • Potential variance affecting homeotic Ultrabithorax and Antennapedia phenotypes in Drosophila melanogaster. (lookformedical.com)
  • Heterodimerization-dependent secretion of bone morphogenetic proteins in Drosophila. (unibas.ch)
  • Studying Protein Function Using Nanobodies and Other Protein Binders in Drosophila. (unibas.ch)
  • As he was working on his doctorate, he isolated a new mutation in Drosophila causing the transformation of the antennae into legs, a mutation which is called Antennapedia. (balzan.org)
  • In contrast, the Fushi Tarazu homeodomain protein is an activator, both in cultured cells and in Drosophila embryos, where it activates several known target genes, including its own gene. (biologists.com)
  • In Drosophila, the majority of Notch target genes known so far is located in the Enhancer of split complex , encoding small basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) proteins that presumably act as transcriptional repressors. (sdbonline.org)
  • Maternal genes involved in dorsoventral (D/V) patterning of the Drosophila embryo interact to establish a stable nuclear concentration gradient of the Dorsal protein which acts as the morphogen along this axis. (silverchair.com)
  • As master transcriptional regulators, Hox proteins recognize DNA through the homeodomain (HD) and interact with a multitude of proteins, including general transcription factors and other cofactors. (biomedcentral.com)
  • HD binding specificity increases by protein-protein interactions with a diversity of cofactors that outline the Hox interactome and determine the transcriptional landscape of the selected target genes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Furthermore, Smad proteins, transcriptional effectors of TGF-β signaling, are co-expressed and physically interact in the basal ganglia with Dlx homeodomain transcription factors, which are critical regulators of the differentiation, migration and survival of telencephalic GABAergic neurons. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The Engrailed homeodomain protein is an 'active' or dominant transcriptional repressor in cultured cells. (biologists.com)
  • A ubiquitously expressed sequence-specific transcriptional repressor that is normally the target of signaling by NOTCH PROTEINS. (harvard.edu)
  • These are frequently activated by fusion to other transcriptional proteins resulting in chimeric transcription factors. (stanford.edu)
  • We are studying the effects and consequences of protein fusion on the transcriptional and transforming activities of these proteins using in vitro and animal models. (stanford.edu)
  • We demonstrate here that GSK-3 maintains the MLL leukemia stem cell transcriptional program by promoting the conditional association of CREB and its coactivators TORC and CBP with homedomain protein MEIS1, a critical component of the MLL-subordinate program, which in turn facilitates HOX-mediated transcription and transformation. (stanford.edu)
  • Deleterious, protein-altering variants in the transcriptional coregulator ZMYM3 in 27 individuals with a neurodevelopmental delay phenotype. (uams.edu)
  • The Trithorax group (TrxG) is composed of diverse, evolutionary conserved proteins that form chromatin-associated complexes accounting for epigenetic transcriptional memory. (silverchair.com)
  • This protein belongs to the rel proto-oncogene and NF-KB transcriptional factor family and acts by controlling zygotic gene expression. (silverchair.com)
  • Nuclear Proteins" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (uams.edu)
  • This graph shows the total number of publications written about "Nuclear Proteins" by people in UAMS Profiles by year, and whether "Nuclear Proteins" was a major or minor topic of these publications. (uams.edu)
  • Below are the most recent publications written about "Nuclear Proteins" by people in Profiles over the past ten years. (uams.edu)
  • Hox proteins finely coordinate antero-posterior axis during embryonic development and through their action specific target genes are expressed at the right time and space to determine the embryo body plan. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Proteins encoded by homeobox genes (GENES, HOMEOBOX) that exhibit structural similarity to certain prokaryotic and eukaryotic DNA-binding proteins. (lookformedical.com)
  • The proteins encoded by homeobox genes are called HOMEODOMAIN PROTEINS. (lookformedical.com)
  • We also show that Dlx and Smad proteins localize to promoters/enhancers of a number of common telencephalic genes in vivo and that Smad proteins co-activate transcription with Dlx family members, except with certain mutated human DLX proteins identified in autistic individuals. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Within this region, their expression overlaps with that of Gad65 and Gad67 , genes encoding different forms of the rate-limiting enzyme required for production of GABA from glutamate. (biomedcentral.com)
  • He showed that the Homeodomain binds to specific DNA sequences of the promoter region of certain genes. (balzan.org)
  • The Lhx1 transcription factor plays several roles during embryogenesis, regulating target genes expression by forming multiprotein complexes with LIM binding protein 1 (Ldb1). (bvsalud.org)
  • This analysis yielded a list of prospective organizer genes, and we determined the role of six-transmembrane domain containing transmembrane protein 150b (Tmem150b) in organizer function. (bvsalud.org)
  • The five genes described in this paper are arrayed between mbeta and m7 , both coding for bHLH proteins. (sdbonline.org)
  • malpha and m4 embyonic expression patterns are nearly indistinguishable, and appear very similar to those of E(spl)-C bHLH genes, particularly m5, m7 and m8 . (sdbonline.org)
  • The expression patterns suggest that both genes are under the same regulatory control as are the E(spl) bHLH genes and thus, might play a part in Notch mediated cell differentiation. (sdbonline.org)
  • For example, the encoded protein represses the transcription of differentiation-specific genes during keratinocyte proliferation, but this repression is then overcome by differentiation signals. (nih.gov)
  • The genes encode homeodomain-containing transcription factors that control cell fates by regulating the transcription of downstream target genes. (nih.gov)
  • Cellular DNA-binding proteins encoded by the c-jun genes (GENES, JUN). (bvsalud.org)
  • To further investigate the ancestral roles of NK family genes, we analyzed the expression patterns of NKL genes in the onychophoran Euperipatoides rowelli . (biomedcentral.com)
  • Our data for the remaining seven NKL genes revealed expression in different structures associated with the developing nervous system in embryos of E. rowelli . (biomedcentral.com)
  • Hence, future studies should focus on the expression of these genes in other bilaterians, which would provide a basis for comparative studies and might help to better understand the role of NK genes in the diversification of bilaterians. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Several other genetic backgrounds result in enlargement of the haltere significantly beyond the normal range of haploinsufficient phenotypes, suggesting genetic variation in cofactors that mediate homeotic protein function. (lookformedical.com)
  • The initial domains of homeotic gene repression are set by the segmentation proteins, which also divide the embryo into segments. (nih.gov)
  • These novel interactions open the possibility to analyze promoter function and gene expression to measure transcription factor binding dynamics at target sites throughout the genome. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Homeodomain proteins are involved in the control of gene expression during morphogenesis and development (GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION, DEVELOPMENTAL). (lookformedical.com)
  • Given the high evolutionary conservation of gene expression and segmentation patterning between mammalian and amphibian nephrons, the Xenopus laevis pronephric kidney offers a simplified model for studying nephrogenesis. (bvsalud.org)
  • It also plays a role in gene expression regulation and RNA metabolism. (cnr.it)
  • IL-17 induced NOTCH1 activation in oligodendrocyte progenitor cells enhances proliferation and inflammatory gene expression. (harvard.edu)
  • This gene is part of the A cluster on chromosome 7 and encodes a DNA-binding transcription factor which may regulate gene expression, morphogenesis, and differentiation. (nih.gov)
  • How Gene Expression (mRNA and protein synthesis) is spatially controlled in embryos. (albertkharris.com)
  • 2) We have discovered a group of oncoproteins that are implicated in long-term maintenance of gene expression through their effects on the state of chromatin. (stanford.edu)
  • Once activated they dimerize and translocate into the CELL NUCLEUS where they influence GENE expression. (nih.gov)
  • Normal and cancer fibroblasts differentially regulate TWIST1, TOX and cytokine gene expression in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. (uams.edu)
  • Members of this family of proteins are often found associated with histone-modifying enzymes and protein complexes that regulate gene expression. (bvsalud.org)
  • brpf1 mutants display anterior transformations of pharyngeal arches due to progressive loss of anterior Hox gene expression. (silverchair.com)
  • Endogenous substances, usually proteins, which are effective in the initiation, stimulation, or termination of the genetic transcription process. (lookformedical.com)
  • A family of endogenous regulatory proteins that associate with RETINOBLASTOMA PROTEIN via a specific high-affinity binding domain. (bvsalud.org)
  • By tandem- affinity purification from kidney-induced Xenopus animal caps, we identified single-stranded DNA binding protein 2 (Ssbp2) interacts with the Ldb1-Lhx1 complex. (bvsalud.org)
  • Expression of these proteins is spatially and temporally regulated during embryonic development. (nih.gov)
  • In 1995, Walter Gehring demonstrated the importance of Pax6 in an elegant experiment in which targeted ectopic expression of this gene in the fly generated eyes on legs, wings or antennae. (balzan.org)
  • Activation domains influence the way proteins interact with the trancription apparatus of the cell (Dawson, 1995). (sdbonline.org)
  • Apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 (APE1) is a multifunctional protein contributing to genome stability via repair of DNA lesions via the base excision repair pathway. (cnr.it)
  • The encoded nuclear protein functions as a sequence-specific transcription factor that is involved in cell proliferation and differentiation. (wikipedia.org)
  • Here we show that components of both bone morphogenetic protein/growth differentiation factor and TGF-β/activin/Nodal branches of TGF-β superfamily signaling are expressed in the developing subpallium. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Moreover, targeted knockdown and rescue experiments indicate that Col expression is required in the prohemocytes to prevent their differentiation. (sdbonline.org)
  • In the ventral part of the embryo, dorsal specifically activates transcription of the gene twist and ventrally and laterally dorsal represses the expression of zerkn üllt , a gene involved in the formation of dorsal derivatives. (silverchair.com)
  • HOXB7 has been shown to interact with PBX1 and CREB-binding protein. (wikipedia.org)
  • We are investigating how Pbx and Meis proteins contribute to the specificity of Hox function in development and how disruption of their activities leads to neoplasia. (stanford.edu)
  • Both loss of expression and ectopic expression in the wrong tissues lead to changes in cell fate. (nih.gov)
  • It codes for a 'b-HLH' DNA-bind-ing protein which can dimerize and bind to DNA in vitro and to polytene chromosomes in vivo. (silverchair.com)
  • It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION. (lookformedical.com)
  • Fundamental differences exist between proteins when comparing one complex to another. (sdbonline.org)
  • Our studies have demonstrated that several of the proteins encoded by cellular oncogenes function in fundamental aspects of gene regulation. (stanford.edu)
  • The family includes proteins which bind to both double- and single-stranded DNA and also includes specific DNA binding proteins in serum which can be used as markers for malignant diseases. (lookformedical.com)
  • Moreover, Tmem150b negatively regulated bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling, likely via physical interaction with activin receptor-like kinase 2 (ALK2). (bvsalud.org)
  • This auto-activation has been shown to depend on targeting to a fushi tarazu enhancer by the Fushi Tarazu homeodomain. (biologists.com)
  • This difference is reflected in the activation domains of the respective proteins. (sdbonline.org)
  • Pentapeptide insertion mutagenesis of the Hoxa1 protein: mapping of transcription activation and DNA-binding regulatory domains. (nih.gov)
  • Nanobody-Based GFP Traps to Study Protein Localization and Function in Developmental Biology. (unibas.ch)
  • A fly can function perfectly well with a chicken Hox protein in place of its own . (albertkharris.com)
  • All-trans retinoic acid inhibits HOXA7 expression in leukemia cell NB4. (nih.gov)
  • Gene Ontology analysis revealed a strong enrichment in proteins with DNA binding and/or transcription-regulatory properties. (sdbonline.org)
  • Of particular interest are the protein interactions that occur between Hox proteins and general transcription factors (GTF) from the RNA Pol II basal transcription machinery. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In that regard, recent studies in non-neural cells have suggested the existence of functional interactions between Dlx proteins and Smad transcription factors, which are critical mediators of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) superfamily signaling pathways (Chiba et al. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Protein Phosphatase 4 Catalytic Subunit (PPP4C) is an evolutionarily conserved protein involved in multiple biological and pathological events, including embryogenesis, organogenesis, cellular homeostasis, and oncogenesis. (bvsalud.org)
  • The Bcl-2 homology 3 (BH3) domain is crucial for the death-inducing and dimerization properties of pro-apoptotic members of the Bcl-2 protein family, including Bak, Bax, and Bad. (lookformedical.com)
  • Later on, with Kurt Wüthrich, he determined the three-dimensional structure of the protein domain (called Homeodomain) encoded by the Homeobox at atomic resolution. (balzan.org)
  • The homeodomain [of a Hox protein] is a 60-amino-acid-long DNA-binding domain (encoded by its corresponding 180-base-pair DNA sequence, the homeobox). (albertkharris.com)
  • These data brought new evidence that Col direct control of the expression of the transcription regulators apterous and eyes-absent (eya) is critical to specifying neuronal identities. (sdbonline.org)
  • Four members of the mouse Dlx protein family (Dlx1, 2, 5 and 6), part of the Antennapedia class of non-Hox homeodomain transcription factors, are expressed in the embryonic subpallium (Panganiban and Rubenstein 2002 ). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Participan en el control transcripcional relacionado con el crecimiento. (bvsalud.org)
  • Proteins found in the nucleus of a cell. (lookformedical.com)
  • In agreement with these observations, expression of dominant-negative Smads in the developing basal ganglia phenocopies the cell migration defects observed in Dlx1/2 -deficient mice. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The tight junctions protein Claudin-5 limits endothelial cell motility. (unibas.ch)
  • Two independent groups of researchers working on the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) viral coat Trans-activator of Transcription (Tat) protein observed the protein's ability to cross cell membrane barriers without any transfection reagents [ 1 ] [ 2 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
  • The expression and significance of the HOXA7 gene in oral squamous cell carcinoma. (nih.gov)