Exposures to carcinogens or mutagens. Medical search. Frequent questions

It is doing so by including new or amended limit values in the Carcinogens and Mutagens Directive (EU Law). (euractiv.com)
Directive 2004/37/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council ( 3 ) aims to protect workers against risks to their health and safety from exposure to carcinogens or mutagens at the workplace. (europa.eu)
A consistent level of protection from the risks related to carcinogens and mutagens is provided for in that Directive by a framework of general principles to enable Member States to ensure the consistent application of the minimum requirements. (europa.eu)
As regards to health at the workplace, the Directive on Carcinogens and Mutagens at Work establishes binding occupational exposure limits values (OELVs) for carcinogenic chemical agents. (efanet.org)
Schedule 1 now contains a list of all EU Commission derived occupational exposures limit values (OELVs) and includes new Binding OELVs from three recent amendments of the Carcinogens and Mutagens Directive. (hsa.ie)
The objective of this project is the identification of substances toxic to reproduction (in short: reprotoxins) which are relevant for workers' exposure via inhalation at a considerable number of workplaces in Europe and, thus, for which an indicative occupational exposure limit value (IOELV) under the Chemical Agents Directive (CAD) might be suggested. (etui.org)
The objective of this publication is the identification of at least 70 carcinogens that are relevant for workers' exposure via inhalation at a considerable number of workplaces in Europe and thus, for which a Binding Occupational Exposure Limits (BOEL) under the Carcinogens and Mutagens Directive (CMD) might be suggested. (etui.org)
With the revision of the Carcinogens and Mutagens Directive (Directive 2017/2398 (EU), amending Directive 2004/37/EC), an Occupational Exposure Limit (OEL) of 0.1 mg/m³ for respirable crystalline silica was established. (fiec.eu)
Members adopted, by a very large majority, the interinstitutional agreement on the second revision of the Directive on the protection from the risks related to exposure to carcinogens or mutagens at work . (epthinktank.eu)

Many chemicals in the environment and the workplaces are known or suspected carcinogens. (europa.eu)
Many chemicals on the market and in the environment have not undergone exhaustive carcinogenicity testing, and significant knowledge gaps remain on the potential carcinogenic effects of low levels of exposure to combinations of chemicals throughout our lifetime. (europa.eu)
Exposure to carcinogenic chemicals comes from multiple sources and pathways, including outdoor and indoor air pollution, smoking, either directly or second hand, consumer products, drinking water and food, and in relation to several occupations. (europa.eu)
In fact, a significant proportion of exposure to carcinogens, including chemicals, in Europe happens in occupational settings (see Box 1). (europa.eu)
Apart from carcinogenic chemicals, UV radiation and asbestos, occupational exposure to metals, dusts, ionising radiation, stress and other factors related to work organisation and working conditions have also been linked to cancer. (europa.eu)
The European Commission wants to limit exposure to 13 cancer-inducing chemicals in the workplace. (euractiv.com)
The NPG provides general descriptive, exposure, and protective and emergency recommendations for 677 chemicals commonly found in the work environment. (cdc.gov)
WHO Library Cataloguing in Publication Data Assessing human health risks of chemicals: derivation of guidance values for health-based exposure limits. (inchem.org)
The chemicals involved in the nurses' sterilizing agent exposures likely include ethylene oxide, formaldehyde, glutaraldehyde, hydrogen peroxide, orthopthalaldehyde, and peracetic acid, all powerful chemicals used to disinfect medical equipment and surgical instruments. (scienceblogs.com)
Studies show that some chemicals in your cleaning products can be dangerous , but we still don't know the full effects of daily exposure to all the different household cleaners that people use in a typical home. (fote.com)
Because many of the hazardous chemicals in conventional products are often carcinogens, neurotoxins, mutagens, teratogens, or endocrine disrupters , opting for a natural cleaner eliminates the harmful daily exposure to those products. (fote.com)
Exposure to a potential fetal health hazard can be estimated through ecological assessment (e.g., testing the community water supply), questionnaires (e.g., classifying residents accord- ing to whether they drink bottled or tap water), or biological markers (e.g., testing for exposures to chemicals or solvents found in tap water). (cdc.gov)
Development and updating international guidelines directed at assisting countries to develop effective regulatory responses to control exposure to hazardous chemicals in specific environments (e.g. drinking-water, wastewater use in agriculture, bathing water, etc. (cdc.gov)

The most common workplace carcinogens are generated when carrying out specific tasks or applying specific technologies (cutting stone, grinding or cutting wood, welding, processing metal products, combustion, etc.) rather than substances that are marketed or used as such. (europa.eu)
For these process-generated workplace carcinogens, exposure is mainly reduced through prevention measures such as local exhaust ventilation. (europa.eu)
Exposure to a wide variety of substances causing or contributing to cancer happens in the workplace or in relation to certain occupations. (europa.eu)
These limit values set a maximum concentration for the presence of a chemical carcinogen in air circulating the workplace. (euractiv.com)
Humans can prevent themselves from a number of workplace and environmental carcinogens. (moam.info)
Methods: A structured questionnaire was used to collect information on carcinogen exposure in the workplace and environment through trained field staff from volunteers after gaining informed consent. (moam.info)
Where exposures are assessed to be over the TLV, many approaches can be considered in the workplace for reducing exposure levels to contaminants to levels below the TLV, including these new TLVs related to chromium compounds. (lincolnelectric.com)
The ACGIH, is a non-profit, non-governmental corporation dedicated to promoting worker health and reducing exposures to environmental health stressors in the workplace. (lincolnelectric.com)
The ACGIH is a long-standing body that is comprised of professional industrial hygienists and environmental health scientists whose fundamental task is to review applicable health studies, monitor reports related to the health effects and risks of exposure to compounds encountered in the workplace, and to advise regarding safe exposure levels. (lincolnelectric.com)

Occupational exposure limit (OEL) values are derived within two legal frameworks that form an integral part of the EU's mechanism for protecting the health of workers. (europa.eu)
That study also reported a human epidemiological association with leukemia and referenced an additional study that suggested brief occupational exposure to ethylyne oxide (twice daily at concentrations of 20 parts per million or more) among pregnant women increased risk of miscarriage. (scienceblogs.com)
We were advised that the NIOSH recommended standard for occupational exposure to arsenic does not distinguish between organic and inorganic arsenic and recommends a standard of 0.002 mg (As)/m(3). (cdc.gov)
Commentary on the contributions and future role of occupational exposure science in a vision and strategy for the discipline of exposure science. (cdc.gov)
Increased N7-methyldeoxyguanosine DNA adducts after occupational exposure to pesticides and influence of genetic polymorphisms of paraoxonase-1 and glutathione S-transferase M1 and T1. (cdc.gov)
Metabolic polymorphisms and biomarkers of effect in the biomonitoring of occupational exposure to low-levels of benzene: state of the art. (cdc.gov)
Occupational exposure to lead might cause meningioma, and a polymorphism in a gene for an enzyme that influences blood levels of lead [delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase, (ALAD)] was positively associated with the risk of meningioma. (cdc.gov)

Any skin contact will also involve significant inhalation exposure. (ccohs.ca)
The knowledge regarding inhalation exposure to aldehydes and the factors influencing exposure in schoolchildren is limited. (bvsalud.org)

2015). For example, from the priority list of 16 groups of commonly used hazardous substances in the European Human Biomonitoring Initiative (HBM4EU) (HBM4EU, 2022), in which the EEA participated), six groups of substances (anilines, arsenic, cadmium, chromium, mycotoxins and PAHs) include known or presumed carcinogens as set out in the EU Classification, Labelling and Packaging (CLP) Regulation and by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). (europa.eu)
Carcinogens: No ingredients are listed by OSHA, IARC, or NTP as known or suspected carcinogens. (ecochildsplay.com)

The most severe carcinogenic effects were induced by dietary exposure to HO compared to exposure to LO or PY (45, 30 and 7 %, respectively, after 9 to 10 months of exposure to an intermediate concentration of PAHs). (ifremer.fr)
In contrast, earliest carcinogenic effects were detected as soon as 3 mpf after exposure to LO, including the lowest concentration, or to PY. (ifremer.fr)
Chromosome damages are widely used as biomarkers in monitoring human exposure to carcinogenic agents [8, 20, 36]. (bvsalud.org)

NIOSH's response focused primarily on industrial hygiene assessment of potential occupational exposures [benzene and other volatile organic compounds, oil mist, polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PNA's), diesel fumes, and noise] during typical tasks performed by the majority of the 11,000 workers involved in the 1989 cleanup activities. (cdc.gov)

2000. Threshold limit values for chemical substances and physical agents and biological exposure indices. (cdc.gov)
While we have estimates for some substances, we are not certain about the overall contribution of chemical carcinogens to the burden of cancer in Europeans. (europa.eu)
Many more groups of substances on the list include deemed presumed or suspected carcinogens by European authorities. (europa.eu)
170) 1.Hazardous substances - toxicity 2.Environmental exposure 3.Guidelines I.Series ISBN 92 4 157170 5 (NLM Classification: WA 465) ISSN 0250-863X The World Health Organization welcomes requests for permission to reproduce or translate its publications, in part or in full. (inchem.org)
Many of these substances act as mutagens or promoters or synergistically behave as carcinogens, and thus contribute to the growing incidence of cancer worldwide. (benthamscience.com)
The dangers from SHS also extend to the e-cigarette aerosols that users exhale, which contain harmful and potentially harmful substances, including nicotine, heavy metals, and carcinogens. (tobaccoatlas.org)

Governments must enact measures to eliminate exposures to SHS in public and workplaces and homes. (tobaccoatlas.org)

For both lymphoid and esophageal cancer, excess risk was observed in studies of human populations exposed to Perc and other solvents, including studies of exposures to dry cleaners or workers involved with degreasing metal parts. (who.int)

Each mutagen vapor exposure includes a dice roll for reproductive genetic defects in your children. (endless-sphere.com)

Similar effects have been reported before , but this is one of the largest studies ever to look at these exposures, explained Christina Lawson, a reproductive epidemiologist with NIOSH and study author. (scienceblogs.com)

Quantitative risk assessment and chemical carcinogens in occupational environments. (cdc.gov)
Despite the plethora of data on the toxic contaminants contained in tobacco smoke and their impact on health, only recently has there been recognition that exposure to long-lived tobacco smoke components in indoor environments where smoking has taken place may result in possible adverse health consequences. (springer.com)
This paper addresses the challenge of limiting exposure to long-lived tobacco components, or THS, in indoor environments. (springer.com)

Acute toxicity testing is used to determine the danger of exposure to a chemical by mouth, skin, or inhalation. (aavs.org)

This work will support regional strategies for health and the environment and monitoring exposure trends for persistent organic pollutants. (cdc.gov)

Target tissues were almost exclusively of epithelial origin, with the bile duct epithelium being the most susceptible to chronic exposure to all PAH fractions, and with germ cells being the second most responsive cells. (ifremer.fr)

Nurses face many hazards on the job, and one that clearly demands more detailed analysis than it's received to date is the effect of occupational chemical exposures on nurses' reproductive health. (scienceblogs.com)
Likewise, there are great potentials and pitfalls in the emerging field of exposure biomarkers for reproductive health. (cdc.gov)

Acute exposure may lead to a painful sunburn, which can increase the chances of developing serious skin problems later in life. (wikipedia.org)
Exposure to secondhand smoke can lead to lung cancer, acute and chronic coronary heart disease (CHD), and eye and nasal irritation in adults. (tobaccoatlas.org)

The 2020 Code of Practice has been re-structured to support both the Chemical Agents and Carcinogens Regulations, as amended. (hsa.ie)

Strict exposure limits in certain chemical agents, products and uses are required. (efanet.org)
The change to legal exposure limits to certain chemical agents will benefit an estimated 15.6 million EU workers. (epthinktank.eu)

Altogether, these target compounds represent some of the most used pesticides in the United States and give a general, though not total, evaluation of a person's pesticide exposure. (cdc.gov)
There is a close and direct relationship between the magnitude of the exposure of compounds in the environment that disrupts its natural equilibrium and the development of disease. (benthamscience.com)
A Short-Term Exposure Limit (STEL) of 0.0005 mg/m3 for inhalable hexavalent chromium compounds was also established. (lincolnelectric.com)
The Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL) of 5.0 µg/m3, remains the US exposure limit for Cr(VI) compounds enforced by OSHA. (lincolnelectric.com)
More than 70 of these compounds are carcinogens, which has led the US Environmental Protection Agency and the International Agency for Research on Cancer to classify SHS as a group A and group 1 carcinogen, respectively, indicating the most hazardous cancer-causing compounds. (tobaccoatlas.org)

However, a 2011 University of California Berkeley School of Public Health review of past studies found formaldehyde exposure to be associated with miscarriage, as well as other adverse reproductive and developmental health effects. (scienceblogs.com)
A 1994 study of exposure to formaldehyde-based disinfectants and manicure products among women who worked in beauty salons in North Carolina also found these exposures associated with miscarriages. (scienceblogs.com)
Like formaldehyde, ethylene oxide is a recognized carcinogen and mutagen. (scienceblogs.com)
This study aimed to assess the variability and potential health risks of exposure to aldehydes (including formaldehyde) in schoolchildren. (bvsalud.org)
The dominant three abundant aldehydes identified in personal exposure samples were formaldehyde (geometric mean, GM = 12.2 µg/m3), acetaldehyde (GM = 5.53 µg/m3), and hexaldehyde (GM = 8.79 µg/m3), accounting for approximately 80% of the total selected aldehydes. (bvsalud.org)

Objectives: To assess exposure to carcinogens, risky behaviours and associated preventive methods. (moam.info)

Urinary measurement of sulfonylurea herbicides can be used to assess human exposure. (cdc.gov)
Using questionnaires to assess the extent of an individual's potential for exposure may help to reduce misclassification bias. (cdc.gov)

The widespread use of pesticides and the scientific interest in potential adverse health effect of pesticides exposure have increased the demand for fast and robust analytical methods for measuring markers of possible pesticides. (cdc.gov)

Many PAHs are potent mutagens and several are well-known carcinogens. (ifremer.fr)

Long-term sun exposure is associated with reduced all-cause mortality and reduced mortality risk from cardiovascular disease (CVD), some forms of cancer, and non-CVD/noncancer related disease, with indications in these studies that Vitamin D is not the mediator. (wikipedia.org)
Long-term sunlight exposure is known to be associated with the development of some types of skin cancer, skin aging, immune suppression, eye diseases such as cataracts and maybe macular degeneration. (wikipedia.org)
Nearly three decades have also passed since the US Surgeon General and other scientific authorities concluded that exposure to secondhand tobacco smoke (SHS) causes disease in nonsmokers, including lung cancer in adults [ 2 - 4 ]. (springer.com)
Each carcinogen vapor exposure includes a dice roll for cancer. (endless-sphere.com)
Prolonged exposure to even small concentrations can cause lung cancer, liver and kidney damage and reproductive problems (Terry, 2004). (bioline.org.br)
The case-control studies provide some support for associations between Perc exposure and cancer of the breast, bladder, and lymphoma although most of the increases were not statistically sufficient. (who.int)
Studies of Perc and cancer showed positive associations between exposure and cancer of the lymphoid system, esophagus, and cervix, with more limited evidence for cancer of the bladder, kidney, and lung. (who.int)

Exposure to secondhand tobacco smoke (SHS) was one of the leading risk factors for deaths globally in 2019, accounting for approximately 1.3 million deaths and contributing to 37 million Disability-Adjusted life years (DALYs), with 11.2% of the burden in children under the age of 5 years. (tobaccoatlas.org)

We begin by describing THS and its exposure pathways and provide findings from limited surveys of key stakeholder groups and their approaches to addressing THS. (springer.com)
In addition, people are often unaware of their potential for exposure, and researchers may not know or be able to account for all the pathways of exposure. (cdc.gov)

The study, published in The American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology , surveyed more than 7,000 female nurses and found that their exposure to sterilizing agents was associated with a two-fold increase in the risk of miscarriage between the 12th and 20th weeks of pregnancy. (scienceblogs.com)

UVB radiation does not penetrate glass, so exposure to sunshine indoors through a window does not produce vitamin D. Time of day, time of year, geographic latitude, ground altitude, cloud cover, smog, skin melanin content, and sunscreen are among the factors that greatly affect UV intensity and vitamin D synthesis, making it difficult to provide general guidelines. (wikipedia.org)
Exposure to ultraviolet radiation from the sun is a source of vitamin D. One minimal erythemal dose of sunlight UV radiation provides the equivalent of about 20,000 IU of vitamin D2, taken as an oral supplement. (wikipedia.org)
Individuals whose metabolism makes taking oral vitamin D ineffective are able, through exposure to an ultraviolet lamp that emits UV-B radiation, to achieve a 25 (OH) D blood level. (wikipedia.org)
Given the central role that ultraviolet radiation (UVR) plays in the pathogenesis of cSCC, methods aimed at decreasing UVR exposure form the cornerstone of cSCC prevention. (medscape.com)

The change was published in the 2018 Edition of its TLVs and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) publication. (lincolnelectric.com)

The suggested control limit for Lewisite is equivalent to 0.001 mg/m(3), measured as arsenic and is thus lower than both the OSHA Permissible Exposure Level and NIOSH's more protective recommendation. (cdc.gov)
Thirty (71.4%) [95% CI: 65.0 - 77.0] participants had been instructed in the use of protective equipment against carcinogens. (moam.info)

UDS activity in the rat liver of the human carcinogens benzidine and 4-aminobiphenyl, and the rodent carcinogens 3,3'-dichlorobenzidine and direct black 38. (cdc.gov)
The effort and expense involved, and the need to regularly analyze VOC standards for each species of interest to ensure accurate quantification, has greatly limited the scope and time resolution of studies investigating indoor VOC levels and human exposure to VOCs. (stanford.edu)
Potential sources for human exposure include foods grown in treated soil or contaminated water. (cdc.gov)
Human exposure to pesticides may occur through consumption of contaminated food or water, contact with treated surfaces or the pesticide itself, and from inhaling pesticide vapor or fumes. (cdc.gov)
Because of their increasing use in agricultural applications, a method to measure both occupational and incidental human exposures to Sulfonylurea herbicides was developed. (cdc.gov)
This method assesses human exposure to select pesticide metabolites of non-persistent pesticides. (cdc.gov)
Uncertainties in evaluation of risk to human health following exposure to 1,4-benzenediol (e.g. species specific effects) have been acknowledged in the screening assessment document. (gc.ca)
The specific terms 'strong' and 'weak', as applied to carcinogens, were once used in extrapolating animal data to human prediction. (cdc.gov)
The ACGIH continues to place Cr(VI) in Category A1: Confirmed Human Carcinogen. (lincolnelectric.com)
The largest human exposure occurs indoors to workers in dry cleaning and metal finishing facilities. (who.int)
American Conference for Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH): A1 - Confirmed human carcinogen. (ccohs.ca)

In vitro evaluation of some derivatives of the carcinogen butter yellow: Implications for environmental screening. (cdc.gov)
We then consider other case studies of controlling indoor environmental exposures-asbestos, lead, and radon-that provide "lessons learned" for THS. (springer.com)
Results: Participants were exposed to recognized carcinogens and environmental hazards. (moam.info)
measuring environmental contaminants provides a gross, ecological esimate of the exposure incurred by pregnant women and their fetuses. (cdc.gov)
Identifying and estimating the genetic impact of chemical mutagens / Committee on Chemical Environmental Mutagens, Board on Toxicology and Environmental Health Hazards, Commission on Life Sciences, National Research Council. (who.int)
by National Research Council (U.S..) Committee on Chemical Environmental Mutagens. (who.int)

Research on active smoking and secondhand smoke exposure has led to policy changes to protect individuals from the adverse health impacts of tobacco smoke. (springer.com)
There is no safe level of exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) from combustible tobacco products. (tobaccoatlas.org)

pesticide exposure via the dermal, oral, or inhalatory routes. (moam.info)

Near points of use, such as dry cleaners or industrial facilities, indoor exposure to Perc is more significant than outdoor exposure (U.S. (who.int)

These scientific conclusions have led to a broad range of policy actions and public health programs in the USA and worldwide aimed at reducing smoking prevalence and exposure to SHS in public places. (springer.com)
A commentator did not agree with the Health Canada's precautionary principle approach under which 1,4-benzenediol may be considered a genotoxic carcinogen. (gc.ca)
According to the ACGIH, a TLV represents the level of exposure to which nearly every worker can be exposed throughout their (8-hours per day, 40 hours per week) working career without adverse health effects. (lincolnelectric.com)
Flammable materials are typically classified as liquids or solids that may ignite with less than 5 minutes of heat or open flame exposure and may pose serious health and safety risks to personnel and the facility if not properly handled or stored. (onepointesolutions.com)

However, the majority of European Commission's experts agreed to classify it as a Category 3 carcinogen as only benign tumors were produced following exposure to this substance in experimental animals. (gc.ca)

1973. Carcinogens are mutagens: A simple test system combining liver homogenates for activation and bacteria for detection. (cdc.gov)
According to the European Commission's summary report, 1,4-benzenediol was originally proposed as a Category 2 carcinogen based on the evidence of development of kidney adenomas and mononuclear cell leukemia in rats and liver adenomas in mice. (gc.ca)

Tis a i p il y Im at bece m a e e rater tIu feti exposure isbeingm d Theex eUttowhichIntohtic c hemiaiscrooathep barriermqvary greadyt de-pendng on the type of epsues, tming in p and materal Wi better eqre measures, ep studies of halt probably Wm not ci ienobiotic fegotoc* agents in the environment. (cdc.gov)
However, with an adeq battery of necf expsre blmarkers, prospective studies of en- vironmental effects on pregnancy outcomes might be possible. (cdc.gov)
lb narrow the lst of potentil exposures, these prospec- tive studies could be foLowed by case-cntrol studies of more specific blomarks dired at upect exposures. (cdc.gov)
As Hulka has so clearly stated, "the most important current limitation in many epidemiological studies is the relative inac- curacy of methods for measuring the exposure variable" (2). (cdc.gov)
An international consortium of brain tumor epidemiological studies (BTEC) was organized so that brain tumor risks associated with genetic susceptibility and specific exposures can be evaluated in the combined studies. (cdc.gov)

4 These are all factors that can be altered by our daily choices through proper nourishment, avoidance of toxic exposures, and gentle supportive therapies. (westonaprice.org)

Signatures of prior exposures to DNA damaging agents - including chemotherapy - tend to associate with drug resistance, while signatures of deficiencies in DNA repair tend to predict sensitivity towards particular therapeutics. (nature.com)
Exposure to chemotherapy drugs was associated with a two-fold increase in risk of miscarriage before the 12th week of pregnancy, while for women pregnant for the first time, this exposure appears to increase miscarriage risk three-fold. (scienceblogs.com)

It is widely recognized through scientific evidence that there is no safe level of exposure to SHS. (tobaccoatlas.org)

A severe exposure can cause unconsciousness. (ccohs.ca)

See comments below regarding 1,4-benzenediol as a potential genotoxic carcinogen. (gc.ca)
When Congress drafted the CPSIA, limited consideration was given to the potential for exposure. (bcnys.org)
Although several techniques for identifying individual exposures have been developed and tested, and although more and more xenobiotics have been recognized to have teratogenic and mutagenic potential, "essentially no specific biomarkers are cur- rently available to indicate that exposure to a given xenobiotic is directly associated with a cellular, subcellular, or phar- macodynamic event" (6). (cdc.gov)
We also identified the potential variables associated with aldehyde exposure based on the participant's responses to the questionnaires using mixed-effects models. (bvsalud.org)

2008) will necessitate new study designs to determine effects from lower exposures and apply methods to accommodate the reduction. (who.int)
Possible actions include strategies for harmonisation of methods for producing comparable exposure monitoring data, interpretation and communication of results. (cdc.gov)

https://www.eesc.europa.eu/en/our-work/opinions-information-reports/opin. (europa.eu)
un https://www.eesc.europa.eu/en/our-work/publications-other-work/publications . (europa.eu)

On the positive side, exposure allows for the synthesis of vitamin D3. (wikipedia.org)

The project partners believe that, based on the technical state of the art, solutions for sound prevention of exposure to RCS are achievable for most construction activities. (fiec.eu)

Is the TLV a legal or regulatory exposure limit? (lincolnelectric.com)
No, the TLV is not a regulatory limit such as OSHA's Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL). (lincolnelectric.com)
Opting for our Meyer Lemon cleaning products help to limit this exposure while keeping your skin away from harsh solutions. (fote.com)

A commentator suggested that the European Commission's (EC's) classification of 1,4-benzenediol as a Group 3 carcinogen and mutagen was misinterpreted in the draft screening assessment report. (gc.ca)

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