Exposure to acrolein acrolein. Medical search. Frequent questions

Acrolein is highly soluble in water and miscible with many organic solvents (e.g., lower alcohols, ketones, benzene, diethyl ether, crude oil, and petroleum fuels). (cdc.gov)
So far, he says, only three of those - benzene, manganese and acrolein - were found at high levels. (environmentreport.org)
Acrolein can damage the lungs, and benzene is a carcinogen. (environmentreport.org)
Crystalline silica, carbon monoxide (especially if sea coal is used), PAHs (formed by the pyrolysis of organic material in green sand), MDI, formaldehyde, acrolein, and benzene are also released during melting and pouring. (haz-map.com)
Mice exposed to benzene develop insulin resistance while mice exposed to either acrolein or benzene also have CAC deficits. (louisville.edu)
Firefighters are exposed to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) during structural fire responses and training fires, several of which (e.g., benzene, acrolein, styrene) are known or probable carcinogens. (cdc.gov)
Overall, 65% of paired samples (across all sample days) showed a post-shift increase in urinary levoglucosan and 5 firefighters were exposed to benzene at concentrations at or above the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) recommended exposure limit. (cdc.gov)

Levels of formaldehyde (0.12 parts per million, (ppm)), acetaldehyde (75070) (0.03ppm), acrolein (107028) (trace), valeraldehyde (110623) (0.03ppm), and hexanal (66251) (0.08ppm) were found in the area air sample collected in the fabric storage room. (cdc.gov)
The entire human respiratory tract, including the lungs, is at risk for cancer induction by chronic exposure to low levels of inhaled acetaldehyde. (toronto.ca)
The dominant three abundant aldehydes identified in personal exposure samples were formaldehyde (geometric mean, GM = 12.2 µg/m3), acetaldehyde (GM = 5.53 µg/m3), and hexaldehyde (GM = 8.79 µg/m3), accounting for approximately 80% of the total selected aldehydes. (bvsalud.org)
Occupational exposure to acetaldehyde may occur by inhalation and skin exposure at workplaces where this compound is produced or used. (who.int)
In an investigation to evaluate environmental tobacco smoke exposure among casino dealers in three U.S. casinos, NIOSH (2009a) found that the levels of acetaldehyde in full-shift personal breathing zone ranged from 4.8 to 17.0 g/m3. (who.int)
Exposure to formaldehyde and acetaldehyde was highest on day 2 (GM = 0.03 and 0.036 ppm, respectively) when the WFFs conducted a firing operation and were directly exposed to wildfire smoke. (cdc.gov)
In using a single vaping device for nine consecutive rounds of 50 puffs - similar to how an e-cigarette user would vape in real life - researchers found that aldehyde emissions increased by more than 60 percent, with greater contributions of formaldehyde, acetaldehyde and acrolein. (scienceblogs.com)

The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) is pleased to announce that Volume 128 of the IARC Monographs , Acrolein, crotonaldehyde, and arecoline, is now available online. (who.int)
The IARC Monographs Working Group concluded that acrolein is probably carcinogenic to humans (Group 2A) , and crotonaldehyde and arecoline are possibly carcinogenic to humans (Group 2B) . (who.int)
This volume comprises three monographs: acrolein, crotonaldehyde, and arecoline. (who.int)
This volume of the IARC Monographs provides evaluations of the carcinogenicity of three chemicals: acrolein, crotonaldehyde, and arecoline. (iarc.fr)

Persons exposed only to acrolein vapor do not pose secondary contamination risks. (cdc.gov)
Persons whose clothing or skin is contaminated with liquid acrolein can secondarily contaminate others by direct contact or off-gassing vapor. (cdc.gov)
Acrolein vapor is heavier than air, but asphyxiation in enclosed, poorly ventilated, or low-lying areas is unlikely due to its strong odor. (cdc.gov)
Children exposed to the same levels of acrolein vapor as adults may receive a larger dose because they have greater lung surface area:body weight ratios and higher minute volumes:weight ratios. (cdc.gov)
In addition, they may be exposed to higher levels than adults in the same location because of their short stature and the higher levels of acrolein vapor found nearer to the ground. (cdc.gov)
Exposure to vapor produces inflammation of mucous membranes and it is a potent lacrimator. (cdc.gov)
Acrolein is also formed during combustion of fuels, wood, and plastics, and is present in ambient air pollution and vapor from electronic cigarettes. (who.int)
In comparison to secondhand and thirdhand tobacco smoke, the researchers computed that "disability-adjusted life years" lost due to exposure to secondhand vapor would be one to two orders of magnitude lower under typical vaping use. (sciencedaily.com)
16, 2020 Accurately labeling e-cigarette emissions as 'chemicals' or 'aerosols' rather than 'vapor' increases the perceived risk of exposure, researchers have found. (sciencedaily.com)
Exposure to acrolein vapor resulted in reduced respiratory epithelial GSH concentrations. (cdc.gov)
We generated e-cigarette vapor from 3 various brands of e-cigarette using a smoking machine and controlled exposure conditions. (blogspot.com)
We also compared secondhand exposure with e-cigarette vapor and tobacco smoke generated by 5 dual users. (blogspot.com)
After four weeks, the 16 participants using only e-cigarettes had about an 80 percent drop in exposure both to carbon monoxide and to acrolein, a harmful breakdown product that is also in some e-cigarettes' vapor. (surgical-blog.com)
Acrolein is present in tobacco smoke and the vapor from e-cigarettes that use vegetable glycerin in their nicotine liquid, according to the study authors. (surgical-blog.com)

Acrolein is primarily an irritant of the respiratory tract. (toronto.ca)
In a fire, these insulation materials can release irritant gases, such as Hydrochloric, Hydrobromic and Hydrofluoric acids, various NOx gases as well as Formaldehyde and Acrolein. (backtoearth.co.uk)
When the two solvents, which the study noted are found in most e-liquids, were heated and began to decompose, it led to emissions of acrolein, a known irritant, and formaldehyde, a known human carcinogen. (scienceblogs.com)
For example, levels of the eye and respiratory irritant acrolein went from 0.46 micrograms to 8.7 micrograms per puff between initial temperature and steady-state temperature. (scienceblogs.com)

Also, a model of indoor exposure estimated that in bars where vaping is permitted, formaldehyde and acrolein levels would often exceed California reference exposure limits. (sciencedaily.com)
Despite claims of potential health benefits, the long-term consequences of adolescent exposure to electronic cigarette aerosol, which contains nicotine, carbonyls (formaldehyde and acrolein) and particulates, are unknown. (acc.org)

Cigarette smoke contains high concentrations of acrolein, a neurotoxin that has been implicated in playing a major role in the pathogenesis of SCI 4,5 . (confex.com)
In particular, endogenous concentrations of acrolein are significantly elevated after spinal cord injury and acrolein inhalation in rodents, as well as after cigarette smoking in humans 6,7 . (confex.com)
Protein carbonyls levels were significantly higher with all tested concentrations of acrolein. (hal.science)
A treatment with 20 μM of acrolein for 30 min activated NF-κB, Nrf2, and heme oxygenase-1 while after 24 hrs of exposure, their induction was observed with the subtoxic and toxic concentrations of acrolein except for NF-κB. (hal.science)

10 December 2020 - Acrolein and crotonaldehyde are reactive aldehydes that are produced in high volumes and used in the manufacture of numerous chemical products such as herbicides in recirculating water systems, pharmaceuticals, rubber, chemicals, leather, and food and agriculture. (who.int)
Acrolein and crotonaldehyde are chemicals with a high production volume. (who.int)
Exposure to these chemicals may occur variously in industrial settings including chemical synthesis, in recirculating water systems (in which acrolein is used as a herbicide), and in food production and agriculture (crotonaldehyde). (who.int)
Tobacco smoke is a major source of exposure to crotonaldehyde and acrolein in the general population. (who.int)
Occupational exposures to crotonaldehyde occur among firefighters, coke-oven workers, and workers in aldehyde manufacture, garages, and toll booths. (iarc.fr)
Both acrolein and crotonaldehyde are also formed endogenously. (iarc.fr)

In humans, exposure to PM 2.5 resulted in endothelial damage, deficits of circulating angiogenic cells (CACs), changes in immune cell populations, changes in plasma cytokines, and increased thrombogenicity. (louisville.edu)
Acrolein has been linked to adverse health effects in humans and animals, and should be handled with caution. (electroniccigarettesource.com)

Exposure causes inflammation and irritation of the skin, respiratory tract, and mucous membranes. (cdc.gov)
Acrolein is irritating to the upper respiratory tract even at low concentrations. (cdc.gov)
Similar symptoms are displayed with short term exposure including tearing of the eyes, and irritation of the mucus membranes of the respiratory tract. (toronto.ca)
The uptake efficiency (UE) of 0.6, 1.8, or 3.6 ppm acrolein was measured in the isolated upper respiratory tract (URT) of anesthetized naive rats under constant-velocity unidirectional inspi- ratory flow rates of 100 or 300 ml/min for up to 80 min. (cdc.gov)
We have confidence that there is a special morphofunctional continuum of development of lower respiratory tract remodeling in response to chronic exposure to tobacco smoke and the development of inflammation in COPD. (intechopen.com)

Nasal lesions induced by acrolein in rodents have been used is College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) to Raleigh, NC 27606, USA. (cdc.gov)

Compared with cigarettes, G2 and G3 e-cigarettes resulted in significantly lower levels of exposure to a potent lung carcinogen and cardiovascular toxicant. (bmj.com)
An improved understanding of the relationship between inspired concentration of the potent nasal toxicant acrolein and delivered dose is needed to support quantitative risk assessments. (cdc.gov)
Our results provide evidence that acrolein is a potent inducer of redox-sensitive pathways in astrocytes with a differential regulation after a short or a long term period of exposure to overcome cell death. (hal.science)
We found that while EHEs involved an 80% reduction in total PAH and a 90% reduction in CO emissions, they also resulted in a several-fold increase in the potent respiratory toxicant acrolein. (who.int)

Tobacco smoke is a major source of exposure in the general population. (who.int)
Some experiments prove that aggressive pollutants of tobacco smoke (benzopyrene, peroxynitrite, acrolein, cyanides, peroxides, etc.) can cause direct damage to endothelial cells due to expression of adhesion molecules on their surface and intensification of lipid peroxidation. (intechopen.com)
Chronic exposure to tobacco smoke and the products of combustion of tobacco leads to chronic system inflammatory reaction, oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction and morpho-functional damage of target organs. (intechopen.com)

As a biocide, acrolein is intentionally released into the environment as an herbicide and algicide to control the growth of aquatic plants in irrigation waters, drainage ditches, and processing waters, and as a microbiocide in the control of sulfide producing bacteria and the removal of hydrogen sulfide and iron sulfide from oil production and injection wells. (cdc.gov)

1716b Low level chemical exposures - why do some individuals develop health symptoms whereas others do not? (bmj.com)
Symptoms are reported in relation to low-level chemical exposures and there is currently no established dose-response relationship between exposure to certain compounds and reports of symptoms. (bmj.com)
Factors related to the individual such as CI, stress or inflammation are also of importance for reports of sensory irritation due to low level chemical exposures. (bmj.com)
What are the Medical Management Guidelines (MMGs) for acute chemical exposures? (cdc.gov)
The Medical Management Guidelines (MMGs) for Acute Chemical Exposures were developed by ATSDR to aid emergency department physicians and other emergency healthcare professionals who manage acute exposures resulting from chemical incidents. (cdc.gov)

It is not known how recent intensified emission legislation and use of renewable fuels have reduced or altered occupational exposures. (lu.se)
To assess occupational exposures and acute and subacute health effects among WFFs, the wildland firefighter exposure and health effects study collected data for a 2-year repeated measures study. (cdc.gov)

Acrolein is toxic by all exposure routes. (cdc.gov)
Inhaled acrolein is highly toxic. (cdc.gov)
CO 2 is heavier than air, and that contributes to the development of toxic exposure situations in enclosed spaces. (nationalacademies.org)
The lethal toxic potency values are specifically related to the fire model selected, the exposure scenario and the material evaluated. (iso.org)
Using the rat primary astroglial cells, our results show that acrolein is toxic from 15 μM. (hal.science)
Still, the findings suggest smokers should be told e-cigarettes may curb their exposure to toxic chemicals, said Dr. Riccardo Polosa, head of the tobacco research center at the University of Catania in Italy. (surgical-blog.com)
These mutations can be caused by exposure to toxic chemicals, infections, inflammation, and nutritional deficiencies. (functional-labs.com)

The Acute Exposure Guideline Levels (AEGLs) Program develops AEGL values for chemicals that can potentially cause dangerous inhalation exposures to persons through accidental releases to air or by means of a terrorist action. (epa.gov)

This chapter discusses the constituents of secondhand smoke and the measurement of exposure to secondhand smoke, beginning with measurement of airborne tracers of secondhand smoke and of its main biologic markers (or biomarkers)-the nicotine metabolite cotinine and metabolites of 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK). (nationalacademies.org)
The present study examined the nicotine delivery profile of third- (G3) versus second-generation (G2) e-cigarette devices and their users' exposure to nicotine and select HPHCs compared with cigarette smokers. (bmj.com)
According to the FDA announcement, current research shows that nicotine exposure at a young age increases the chances of addiction and can cause other harmful diseases to this vulnerable population. (acc.org)
We measured selected airborne markers of secondhand exposure: nicotine, aerosol particles (PM(2.5)), carbon monoxide, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in an exposure chamber. (blogspot.com)
The study showed that e-cigarettes are a source of secondhand exposure to nicotine but not to combustion toxicants. (blogspot.com)
Making small changes such as avoiding exposure to secondhand smoke, reducing stress, and eating a healthy diet can help those trying to quit nicotine use. (electroniccigarettesource.com)

There is a large individual variation in the response to exposures to certain reactive compounds. (bmj.com)
One example is the reactive compound acrolein that induced sensory irritation in a time-dependent manner at a concentration below previously reported detection levels and at half the Swedish occupational threshold limit. (bmj.com)
Acrolein is chemically reactive, highly water soluble, and and diesel engine exhausts, partially combusted animal fats and produces cytotoxicity at the site of initial contact. (cdc.gov)
Acrolein is a highly reactive, colorless, and volatile organic compound with a strong odor. (electroniccigarettesource.com)

OSHA PEL (permissible exposure limit) = 0.1 ppm as an 8-hr TWA concentration and 0.3 ppm as a 15-minute TWA short-term exposure limit (STEL). (cdc.gov)
Acrolein UE in naive animals was dependent on the concentration of inspired acrolein, airflow rate, and duration of exposure, with increased UE occurring with lower acrolein ex- posure concentrations. (cdc.gov)
The atmospheric acrolein concentration required ceed 50 ppm (Brunnemann et al. (cdc.gov)
Semi-volatile PAHs may not be effectively reduced by the aftertreatment systems, and ambient area sampling did not predict the personal airborne PAHs exposure well, neither did the slightly elevated concentration of urinary PAH metabolites correlate with airborne PAH exposure. (lu.se)
Using modern vehicles with diesel particulate filter (DPF) may have contributed to the lower ambient underground PM concentration and exposures. (lu.se)
CDC information says that cotton contains a concentration of 60ppm of acrolein, meaning there 60 μg of acrolein for every gram of cotton that is released when the material is burnt. (spinfuel.com)

Acrolein has also been used in the manufacture of other chemicals, as a warning agent in gases, as a test gas for gas masks, in military poison gases, in the manufacture of colloidal metals, in leather tanning, and as a fixative in histology. (cdc.gov)
These issues may result directly from vaping or secondhand exposure to the chemicals in vape emissions. (lawfirm.com)

Therefore, it's very likely that cigarette-based acrolein ingestion is an exogenous algesic factor contributing to NP. (confex.com)

Systemic effects may occur after exposure by any route. (cdc.gov)
Loss of consciousness can occur within a minute of exposure at 300,000 ppm and within 5-10 minutes (min) of exposure at 100,000 ppm (HSDB 2004). (nationalacademies.org)
Exposure to chromium, nickel, manganese, and fumes of other alloyed metals may occur in steel alloy foundries. (haz-map.com)

This list contains substances that have been identified at National Priorities List (NPL) sites and determined to pose a human health risk based on (1) known or suspected human toxicity, (2) frequency of occurrence at NPL sites or other facilities, and (3) the potential for human exposure to the substance. (cdc.gov)
Astrocytes contribute to a variety of neuronal functions but the toxicity of acrolein in astroglial cells remains unknown. (hal.science)

After an exposure period, typically 30 days, the coupons are returned to an independent laboratory for determination of type (s) and levels of pollutants present. (hydrosilintl.com)
Smokers who switch to e-cigarettes - even if it's only some of the time - may dramatically reduce their exposure to air pollutants including carbon monoxide and acrolein, a British study suggests. (surgical-blog.com)

Acrolein is a volatile, clear or yellow liquid with a burnt, sweet, pungent odor that occurs naturally in the environment as a result of combustion of wood. (cdc.gov)
Found in emissions from combustion of fuels, wood, and plastics, and in ambient air pollution and electronic cigarette vapour, acrolein is also generated in kitchens during high-temperature roasting and deep-fat frying. (iarc.fr)

1985). Inspired acrolein reacts rapidly fires can exceed 3 ppm (Slaughter et al. (cdc.gov)

As such, reducing acrolein uptake is likely an effective way to curtail post-SCI pain. (confex.com)
An additional group of animals was exposed to 0.6 or 1.8 ppm acrolein, 6 h/day, 5 days/wk, for 14 days prior to performing nasal uptake studies (with 1.8 or 3.6 ppm acrolein) at a 100 ml/min airflow rate. (cdc.gov)
In acrolein-preexposed animals, URT acrolein UE was also dependent on the acrolein concentra- tion used prior to the uptake exposure, with preexposed rats having higher UE than their naive counterparts. (cdc.gov)
Despite having increased acrolein UE, GSH concentrations in the respiratory epithelium of acrolein preexposed rats were higher at the end of the 80 min acrolein uptake experiment than their in naive rat counterparts, suggesting that an adaptive response in GSH metabolism occurred following acrolein preexposure. (cdc.gov)

Schoolchildren are sensitive to airborne aldehyde exposures. (bvsalud.org)

Acute-Duration Exposure. (cdc.gov)

The overall aim was to investigate the role of individual factors in the development of health symptoms due to exposure to low levels of VOCs. (bmj.com)
In order to understand sensory irritation from low-level exposure to VOCs we have to take both individual- and environmental factors into account. (bmj.com)

In addition to particulate air pollution, Dr. O'Toole's laboratory is also examining the cardiovascular consequences of exposure to volatile organic compounds. (louisville.edu)

Exposure to methacrolein is highly irritating to the eyes, nose, throat and lungs. (wikipedia.org)
Acrolein is known to irritate exposed tissues and can destroy cilia, the tiny hairs that sweep dirt and bacteria out of the lungs and airways, making smokers more susceptible to lung disease and other illnesses. (surgical-blog.com)

Selected chemical and physical properties, toxicokinetic and mechanistic data, and inhalation exposure levels from the National Research Council (NRC) and other agencies are also presented. (nationalacademies.org)
The subcommittee considered all of that information in its evaluation of the Navy's current and proposed 1-hour (h), 24-h, and 90-day exposure guidance levels for CO 2 . (nationalacademies.org)
The subcommittee's recommendations for CO 2 exposure levels are provided at the conclusion of this chapter along with a discussion of the adequacy of the data for defining those levels and the research needed to fill the remaining data gaps. (nationalacademies.org)
Researchers now report that heavy use and secondhand emissions could lead to inhaled levels of toxins that exceed set exposure limits. (sciencedaily.com)
The study predicted that heavy users inhaling at a high rate of 250 puffs per day with devices at 3.8 to 4.8 volts would potentially inhale levels of acrolein (up to 10 mg per day), formaldehyde (up to 49 mg per day) and diacetyl (up to 0.5 mg per day) that exceed U.S. occupational limits of 1.3 mg per day, 0.1 mg per day and 7 micograms per day, respectively. (sciencedaily.com)
Most concerning, acrolein levels were more than 100 times higher than what the government considers safe. (environmentreport.org)
O'Toole TE , Li X, Riggs DW, Hoetker DJ, Baba SP, Bhatnagar A. Urinary Levels of the Acrolein Conjugates of Carnosine Are Associated with Cardiovascular Disease Risk. (louisville.edu)
Current studies are measuring the urinary and household levels of acrolein and arsenic. (dogcancer.com)
Acrolein induced a biphasic effect on glutathione (GSH) levels with a depletion after 30 min of treatment followed by a progressive increase 24 hrs after exposure while the expression of γ-glutamyl-cysteine-synthase (γ-GCS) was induced. (hal.science)
Therefore variations in the expression of these genes due to heritable genetic polymorphisms might modulate the process of carcinogenesis by altering the exposure levels of tobacco derived carcinogens. (bvsalud.org)

At room temperature, acrolein is a clear, colorless to straw-colored liquid with a pungent, suffocating odor. (cdc.gov)

Chronic exposure can lead to congestion of the respiratory system in addition to irritation of the eyes, nose and throat. (toronto.ca)
Insights into the adverse effects of prepubertal chronic ethanol exposure on adult female reproduction. (missouri.edu)

In brain from patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), acrolein was found to be elevated in vulnerable regions. (hal.science)

The results indicate that secondary emissions can be an important source of gaseous PAH exposure in the mine. (lu.se)

Secondhand exposure to vapors from electronic cigarettes. (blogspot.com)

We also identified the potential variables associated with aldehyde exposure based on the participant's responses to the questionnaires using mixed-effects models. (bvsalud.org)

But under typical use, secondhand exposure would have a lower impact on health than second- and third-hand cigarette smoke. (sciencedaily.com)

2004). Ambient air with glutathione (GSH) and other cellular nucleophiles (Kehrer measurements in the United States have detected acrolein at & Biswal, 2000), depletes rat nasal and lung GSH (Arumugam concentrations ranging from 2 to 7 ppb. (cdc.gov)

Dr. Schauer and colleagues developed sensitive methods to detect trace metals, nonpolar organic compounds, and polar organic compounds in personal samples collected in exposure studies. (healtheffects.org)

Therefore, it is reasonable to consider that chemically modifying a cellulose acetate filter would result in a reduction of acrolein in cigarette smoke. (confex.com)
The aim of this study is quantify the exacerbation of NP due to acrolein inhalation after injury and to chemically modify cellulose acetate in order to capture acrolein before entering the body to offer protection to those who may be unable to quit smoking. (confex.com)

Presenting research showing that firefighters experience great variability in exposures to smoke depending on the type and duration of tasks performed and atmospheric conditions. (frames.gov)

The development of a filter to remove acrolein from cigarette smoke may be beneficial to smokers who may be unable to quit and also may provide useful information about the specific involvement of acrolein in the exacerbation of NP as opposed to the collective involvement of the many components of cigarette smoke. (confex.com)
Spinal cord injury leaves the body susceptible to acrolein-mediated damage, and increased exposure to acrolein through cigarette smoke will result in sensory hypersensitivity. (confex.com)

Urine samples (27 workers) were collected after 8 h exposure and analyzed for PAH metabolites and effect biomarkers (8-oxodG for DNA oxidative damage, 4-HNE-MA for lipid peroxidation, 3-HPMA for acrolein). (lu.se)
Lipid peroxidation leads to the formation of a number of by-products including acrolein. (hal.science)

In higher doses these may be fatal some hours after exposure due to lung inflammation. (backtoearth.co.uk)
acrolein exposure can give you lung disease in a matter of months. (spinfuel.com)
According to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), exposure to ultrafine particles may aggravate asthma, decrease lung function, irritate the airways, and increase coughing or breathing issues. (lawfirm.com)

High exposures to xylene create an increase in oxidative stress, causing symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, dizziness, central nervous system depression, and death. (functional-labs.com)

The urotoxicity observed with cyclophosphamide is due to its liver metabolite acrolein, which is excreted in the urine. (medscape.com)
They followed the same schedule for testing participants' urine for exposure to acrolein. (surgical-blog.com)

The knowledge regarding inhalation exposure to aldehydes and the factors influencing exposure in schoolchildren is limited. (bvsalud.org)
This study aimed to assess the variability and potential health risks of exposure to aldehydes (including formaldehyde) in schoolchildren. (bvsalud.org)
The important factors affecting personal exposure to aldehydes were also explored. (bvsalud.org)
Higher personal exposure to aldehydes was observed during the warm season. (bvsalud.org)

The 17 participants who swapped some regular cigarettes for the electronic version had a 52 percent decline in carbon monoxide exposure and a 60 percent decline for acrolein, according to the study published in Cancer Prevention Research. (surgical-blog.com)

Zhang L, Steinmaus C, Eastmond DA, Xin XK, Smith MT. Formaldehyde exposure and leukemia: a new meta-analysis and potential mechanisms. (who.int)

Current efforts seek to identify additional, adverse outcomes in response PM 2.5 exposure, the molecular basis of these outcomes, and effective strategies to limit these outcomes. (louisville.edu)
In these situations, adequate respiratory protection is critical to avoid exposure and potential short and long-term adverse health effects. (firescenesafety.com)

Exposure-related factors such as type of compound and duration of exposure are of importance. (bmj.com)

This manuscript describes the exposure assessment from one Interagency Hotshot Crew (N = 19) conducted at a wildfire incident. (cdc.gov)

Dedicated to providing Fire and Explosion Investigators with access to information and sources of technical assistance to reduce the potential for occupational injuries, illnesses, exposures and fatalities associated with the investigation of fires and explosions. (firescenesafety.com)

Those differences are a particularly interesting takeaway because they touch on ways that manufacturers, or even users, may be able to minimize potentially harmful exposures. (scienceblogs.com)
Here again Destaillats emphasized that the findings don't mean that lower temperatures make for safer vaping, saying: "By emitting less, the exposure may be less harmful…but we cannot say it's safer or it's healthier. (scienceblogs.com)

Acrolein is used largely as an unisolated intermediate in the manufacture of acrylic acid, most of which is converted to its lower alkyl esters. (cdc.gov)
Acrolein is used as an intermediate in the manufacture of acrylic acid. (toronto.ca)
Acrolein is a High Production Volume chemical used to manufacture numerous chemical products, and as a herbicide in recirculating water systems. (iarc.fr)

They're looking to gauge the health effects linked to pollution exposure. (environmentreport.org)
This report explores how land-use regression and source-apportionment techniques can be used to characterize individual-level exposure to both indoor and outdoor air pollution sources. (healtheffects.org)
Dr. Levy and colleagues utilized health and air monitoring data from an ongoing prospective cohort study on childhood asthma in Boston, Massachusetts to model variability in outdoor and indoor residential air pollution, identify potential sources, and evaluate the effectiveness of various indoor exposure surrogates for predicting childhood asthma development. (healtheffects.org)
Exposure to Fine Particulate Matter Air Pollution Alters mRNA and miRNA Expression in Bone Marrow-Derived Endothelial Progenitor Cells from Mice. (louisville.edu)
4.3 million people die annually from exposure to household air pollution. (scirp.org)
Although such exposure prediction models typically result in improved spatial and temporal resolution of air pollution predictions, they remain subject to shared measurement error, a type of measurement error common in spatiotemporal exposure models which occurs when measurement error is not independent of exposures. (escholarship.org)
A fundamental challenge of exposure measurement error in air pollution assessment is the strong correlation and sometimes identical (shared) error of exposure estimates across geographic space and time. (escholarship.org)

The goal of studies in Dr. O'Toole's lab is to develop a mechanistic understanding whereby environmental exposure adversely impact cardiovascular function. (louisville.edu)
Mechanistic studies to better understand these outcomes of VOC exposure are underway. (louisville.edu)

Olfactory and respi- ratory glutathione (GSH) concentrations were also evaluated in naive and acrolein-preexposed rats. (cdc.gov)

In fact, excess exposure to manganese can cause brain damage. (environmentreport.org)

Anatomy27

Organisms9

Diseases14

Chemicals and Drugs106

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment23

Psychiatry and Psychology1

Phenomena and Processes35

Disciplines and Occupations3

Information Science2

Health Care4

Benzene7

Acetaldehyde7

Arecoline4

Vapor14

Irritant4

Formaldehyde and acrolein2

Concentrations of acrolein4

Crotonaldehyde6

Humans2

Respiratory tract5

Rodents1

Potent4

Tobacco smoke3

Biocide1

Chemical exposures5

Occupational exposures2

Toxic7

Inhalation exposures1

Nicotine6

Reactive4

Concentration6

Chemicals2

Ingestion1

Occur3

Toxicity2

Pollutants2

Combustion2

Reacts1

Uptake4

Airborne1

Acute1

VOCs2

Volatile1

Lungs2

Levels10

Colorless1

Chronic2

Alzheimer's1

Emissions1

Electronic cigarettes1

Aldehyde1

Secondhand exposure1

20001

Compounds1

Chemically2

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Cigarette smoke2

Lipid2

Lung3

Xylene1

Urine2

Aldehydes4

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Mechanisms1

Adverse2

Duration of exposure1

Wildfire1

Illnesses1

Harmful2

Manufacture3

Pollution7

Mechanistic2

Rats1

Manganese1