• In this study, 10 lb. charges of confined blasting agent were detonated in a closed chamber, and then detonation gases were analyzed. (cdc.gov)
  • Report on NIOSH studies using a 12-foot diameter sphere to identify key factors that may enhance the levels of CO associated with the detonation of several commercial trenching explosives. (cdc.gov)
  • Report on a NIOSH study to identify factors that may contribute to nitrogen oxides (NOx) production associated with non-ideal detonation of blasting agents. (cdc.gov)
  • Study of toxic fumes produced by the detonation of various ammonium nitrate/fuel oil (ANFO) mixtures and several cap-sensitive explosives. (cdc.gov)
  • One example of a radiological emergency is detonation of a "dirty bomb": a conventional explosive device that disperses radionuclides. (cdc.gov)
  • Whether the mine is on the surface, or buried deep underground, there are often times when the use of either a high or low explosive (detonation or deflagration) in a confined space can be used to liberate a fairly specific sub-volume of a brittle material in a much larger volume of the same or similar material. (infogalactic.com)
  • The purpose of this Chapter is to establish use and siting regulations for flammable and combustible liquids and explosives as regulated by the Uniform Fire Code. (codepublishing.com)
  • This paper discusses methods of preventing CO migration, lessening migrated CO, and detecting CO in underground enclosed spaces and may help reduce exposure of area residents to CO and help prevent unnecessary regulations and blasting limitations. (cdc.gov)
  • Traditional techniques to experimentally determine toxic fumes produced by detonating high explosives are not applicable to blasting agents. (cdc.gov)
  • This paper reviews the potential hazards from toxic fumes produced by detonating explosives in surface mining and construction operations. (cdc.gov)
  • i) Detonating cord or shock tube system must be used in lieu of blasting wire to connect multiple charge blasts. (wa.gov)
  • Detonating explosives often required workers to manually light fuses. (lindahall.org)
  • Russian documents suggest that a number of different conventional high-explosive warheads were developed, including blast/fragmentation, earth penetration, fuel-air explosives, and submunitions. (armyrecognition.com)
  • Human Rights Watch is urging Acting Russian President Vladimir Putin to refrain from using fuel-air explosives in populated areas of Chechnya. (hrw.org)
  • A top Russian military official has acknowledged Russia's intention to use fuel-air explosives (FAEs) in Chechnya. (hrw.org)
  • At a February 11 press briefing, Gen. Valery Manilov, Deputy Chief of the Russian Armed Forces General Staff, said that fuel-air explosives, "which are extraordinarily effective on caves, tunnels, or clefts, in mountain areas," could be used in Chechnya "if considered necessary. (hrw.org)
  • Based on the Russians' military practices in the war in Chechnya so far, we have absolutely no faith that they will use fuel-air explosives responsibly," said Joost Hiltermann, executive director of the Arms Division of Human Rights Watch. (hrw.org)
  • On behalf of Human Rights Watch, we are writing to express our deep concern about the reported use of fuel-air explosives against targets in southern Chechnya and the capital, Grozny. (hrw.org)
  • Fuel-air explosives (FAEs) have the potential to cause massive destruction over a wide area, and could cause extensive civilian casualties if used near populated areas. (hrw.org)
  • Four car bombs and three explosive devices went off across the country in less than 48 hours. (voanews.com)
  • We work with explosives obviously, and we use explosives to kill bombs. (dhs.gov)
  • The use of fuel-air explosive bombs, known popularly in Russia as "vacuum bombs," would represent a dangerous escalation of the Chechnya conflict with important humanitarian implications. (hrw.org)
  • An extension of previous ANFO fumes production research that includes an emulsion blasting agent. (cdc.gov)
  • Boosters are like high explosive amplifiers, sensitive enough to pick up initiation from a detonator and then reliably initiate bulk blasting agent, such as ANFO and emulsion blends. (orica.com)
  • Omnia Group mining division company BME has been sharing its leading technical expertise at the 12th World Conference on Explosives and Blasting recently held in Dublin, Ireland, with a solution to eliminate ammonium nitrate (AN) coating agent residue - also called floc - during the production of emulsion causing a stir, it says. (im-mining.com)
  • The emulsion manufacturing process involves the blending of water, AN prill with coating agent, and other chemicals," he explained. (im-mining.com)
  • The two companies have already successfully partnered in a five-year contract for blasting services at a mine in Kalimantan, which has led to the commissioning of BME's first mobile process units and emulsion plant outside of the African continent. (im-mining.com)
  • OSHA considers the manufacturing of explosives to mean: mixing, blending, extruding, synthesizing, assembling, disassembling and other activities involved in the making of a chemical compound, mixture or device which is intended to explode. (osha.gov)
  • The organophosphate nerve agents tabun (GA), sarin (GB), soman (GD), and cyclosarin (GF) are among the most toxic chemical warfare agents known. (medscape.com)
  • G-series nerve agents share a number of common physical and chemical properties. (medscape.com)
  • From the beginning, researchers at the National Nuclear Security Administration's Sandia National Laboratories, the creators of the Army's Explosive Destruction System (EDS), suspected the system could, in addition to snuffing out chemical warfare material, treat and destroy biohazards such as those containing anthrax. (sciencedaily.com)
  • The report, says Sandia researchers, augments the system's already established capability to destroy explosively configured munitions containing chemical agents. (sciencedaily.com)
  • The Chemical Safety Board (CSB) also investigated the incident, finding, in part, that there was a lack of awareness in the fertilizer industry regarding the applicability of OSHA's Explosives and Blasting Agents Standard to FGAN. (lexology.com)
  • Add this range with the potent ability to deliver a payload of explosive, chemical, biological or nuclear warheads. (armyrecognition.com)
  • A diagram of a chemical warhead for the `Scud B' shows a nose-mounted fuze with a high-explosive bursting charge to open the warhead and allow the resulting air flow to disperse the 555 kg of viscous VX chemical agent into a dense aerosol cloud. (armyrecognition.com)
  • The NIOSH Pittsburgh Research Laboratory conducted research to determine the safe operating conditions for using recycled (used) lubricating oil from mining equipment as a partial replacement for diesel fuel to make ANFO-type blasting agents. (cdc.gov)
  • Whenever adherence to the 1,000-foot distance would create an operational handicap, a competent person shall be consulted to evaluate the particular situation, and alternative provisions may be made which are adequately designed to prevent any premature firing of electric blasting caps. (osha.gov)
  • Blasting operation shall comply with the provisions of the Virginia Statewide Fire Prevention Code, county ordinances and nationally recognized standards applicable to handling, storage and use of explosives or blasting agents.Complete the blasting permit application (PDF) . (chesterfield.gov)
  • The scope of this report encompasses commercial explosives used for industrial purposes. (researchandmarkets.com)
  • Original containers, or Class II magazines, shall be used for taking detonators and other explosives from storage magazines to the blasting area. (osha.gov)
  • Detonators shall be short-circuited in holes which have been primed and shunted until wired into the blasting circuit. (osha.gov)
  • He said three adults and a minor were arrested while they were traveling in a taxi in which authorities discovered blocks of dynamite that 'were already synchronized to an explosive device' with a slow fuse. (voanews.com)
  • Law enforcement agents disembarked, presented search warrants and seized bags of explosive powder and blasting caps used in dynamite fishing-an illegal practice which has destroyed 99 percent of the area's coral reefs and decimated the fish. (harvard.edu)
  • We're using a nitro glycerin based dynamite as a primer, and then we use ammonium nitrate as a blasting agent," said Blast Operator Ryan Miller. (idaho.gov)
  • Smoking, firearms, matches, open flame lamps, and other fires, flame or heat producing devices and sparks shall be prohibited in or near explosive magazines or while explosives are being handled, transported or used. (osha.gov)
  • Discharge of firearms or igniting flame near explosives. (wa.gov)
  • The investigation into the bombing has brought hundreds of law enforcement personnel - including agents from the FBI and the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives - into the Tennessee capital to comb through the wreckage and investigate more than 500 leads. (wvxu.org)
  • Toxic fumes generated by explosives have been a concern for blasters, explosive manufacturers, and mining companies. (cdc.gov)
  • a) Only fully qualified and licensed blasters must be permitted to assemble or arm explosives components. (wa.gov)
  • Free flowing Ammonium Nitrate and PPAN for use in your blasting operations. (kemcore.com)
  • Ammonium nitrate readily forms explosive mixtures with varying properties when combined with explosives such as TNT or with fuels like aluminum powder or fuel oil. (wikipedia.org)
  • 6) Transporting explosives and hand charges. (wa.gov)
  • Applicability of PSM standard to explosive and pyrotechnic manufacturing. (osha.gov)
  • Following the San Francisco explosion, the California legislature banned the transport of liquid nitroglycerin, forcing Central Pacific workers to exclusively use black powder as their only blasting agent. (lindahall.org)
  • An explosive material , also called an explosive , is a reactive substance that contains a great amount of potential energy that can produce an explosion if released suddenly, usually accompanied by the production of light , heat , sound , and pressure . (infogalactic.com)
  • At one end of the layer of explosive, the explosion is initiated. (infogalactic.com)
  • The explosion spreads from the initiation site throughout all the explosive. (infogalactic.com)
  • In your letter you ask whether OSHA intended to apply the PSM standard to certain pre-manufacture and post-manufacture research and testing activities involving explosives and pyrotechnics, or products containing explosives. (osha.gov)
  • The manufacturing of explosives and pyrotechnics is covered by the PSM standard, 29 CFR 1910.119 as set forth in OSHA standards 29 CFR 1910.109(k)(2) and (k)(3), respectively. (osha.gov)
  • OSHA does not intend that the PSM standard cover certain pre-manufacture and post-manufacture research and testing activities involving explosives, pyrotechnics or products containing explosives. (osha.gov)
  • Although the above listed activities when conducted in their given conditions are not part of the manufacturing process of explosives and therefore are not covered by the PSM standard, each activity would be subject to the requirements of OSHA's 1910.109, Explosives and Blasting Agents Standard because the activities involve keeping, having or storing explosives or pyrotechnics as set forth in 1910.109(k)(1). (osha.gov)
  • Consumer pyrotechnics, including fireworks, and explosives for military use are excluded. (researchandmarkets.com)
  • The more highly toxic V-series agents ("V" stands for venomous)-principally, O-ethyl S-(2-diisopropylaminoethyl) methylphosphonothioate (VX)-are discussed in a separate Medscape article (see CBRNE - Nerve Agents, V-series - Ve, Vg, Vm, Vx ). (medscape.com)
  • Nerve agents act by first binding and then irreversibly inactivating acetylcholinesterase (AChE), producing a toxic accumulation of acetylcholine (ACh) at muscarinic, nicotinic, and CNS synapses. (medscape.com)
  • Techniques to protect workers and the public from the hazards of explosive-related toxic fumes are discussed. (cdc.gov)
  • Recognizing the dynamic nature and possible range of toxic concentrations in the impending fume cloud prior to undertaking explosive blasting can reduce potential hazards and mitigate related incidents. (cdc.gov)
  • When blasting is done in congested areas or in proximity to a structure, railway, or highway, or any other installation that may be damaged, the blaster shall take special precautions in the loading, delaying, initiation, and confinement of each blast with mats or other methods so as to control the throw of fragments, and thus prevent bodily injury to employees. (osha.gov)
  • Its other major use is as a component of explosive mixtures used in mining, quarrying, and civil construction. (wikipedia.org)
  • They ensure the initiation of bulk explosives in the adverse conditions found at the bottom of most blastholes. (orica.com)
  • Sensitive materials that can be initiated by a relatively small amount of heat or pressure are primary explosives and materials that are relatively insensitive are secondary or tertiary explosives . (infogalactic.com)
  • Penetrating wounds (secondary blast injury), blunt trauma (tertiary/secondary blast injury), and burns receive standard treatment. (medscape.com)
  • Although explosives can behave in a violent way when suitably initiated, they are designed to be quite stable and insensitive under normal surface conditions. (dsv.com)
  • Despite historic declines in coal production volumes, coal mining represented the largest market for explosives in 2016. (freedoniagroup.com)
  • The report also includes numbers and analysis covering US explosives demand by product and market for 2006-2016 with projections to 2021. (freedoniagroup.com)
  • Due precautions shall be taken to prevent accidental discharge of electric blasting caps from current induced by radar, radio transmitters, lightning, adjacent powerlines, dust storms, or other sources of extraneous electricity. (osha.gov)
  • Compliance with the recommendations of The Institute of the Makers of Explosives with regard to blasting in the vicinity of radio transmitters as stipulated in Radio Frequency Energy-A Potential Hazard in the Use of Electric Blasting Caps, IME Publication No. 20, March 1971. (osha.gov)
  • c) Blasting caps must be no larger than No. 8 except when recommended by the explosives manufacturer for a particular explosive used within a specific application. (wa.gov)
  • d) Electric blasting caps are not permitted. (wa.gov)
  • Storage of caps with explosives prohibited. (wa.gov)
  • Most mining operations, explosives supplies are always contractual, leading to high costs especially during the economic downtimes. (kemcore.com)
  • In the case of high explosives, the effect is to shatter and destroy anything nearby, and in the case of low explosives, to produce a massive kinetic force. (dsv.com)
  • Some high explosives can be initiated by temperatures as low as 200º. (dsv.com)
  • high explosives. (freedoniagroup.com)
  • blasting agents and oxidizers, and high explosives. (researchandmarkets.com)
  • The initial production steps in a quarry operation - drilling and blasting -- can significantly impact the productivity and costs of most downstream operations, including loading, hauling, crushing and screening, and product yield - the relative volume of high-value crushed stone products versus low-value byproducts. (pitandquarry.com)
  • Osx™ 8 seismic explosives range is designed to provide the reliability and energy required to capture high-quality signals in geophysical exploration. (orica.com)
  • Pentex™ boosters provide high energy initiating power to ensure your blasts fire reliably every time and to suit every application. (orica.com)
  • In the blast epicenter (kill zone), any survivors are probably mortally injured, technical rescue capabilities and extrication are likely to be required, and advanced life support and high victim-to-care-provider ratios are required for any survivors. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Discovered by Italian chemist Ascanio Sobrero in 1847 and perfected as a blasting agent by Alfred Nobel in the early 1860s, nitroglycerin was not widely known by the general public until accounts of accidental explosions like the one in San Francisco were printed in newspapers. (lindahall.org)
  • The first useful explosive stronger than black powder was nitroglycerin , developed in 1847. (infogalactic.com)
  • Employees authorized to prepare explosive charges or conduct blasting operations shall use every reasonable precaution including, but not limited to, visual and audible warning signals, flags, or barricades, to ensure employee safety. (osha.gov)
  • DRIFT is a program to design perimeter control blast rounds for typical underground drifting applications. (cdc.gov)
  • The design utilizes current methods of perimeter blasting with the added design element of a buffer row coordinated with the perimeter row to reduce perimeter damage. (cdc.gov)
  • The coordination is in applying one of several blast damage models to calculate the damage extent for each buffer and perimeter blast hole in the design. (cdc.gov)
  • The calculated damage is then applied to the spacing between the buffer and perimeter blast holes. (cdc.gov)
  • Underground blasting with perimeter damage control can reduce the requirement for loose rock scaling and reduce the risk of ground fall injury. (cdc.gov)
  • Made from a mixture of saltpeter, charcoal and sulfur, black powder is produced by pulverizing and mixing the ingredients, then rolling and pressing the material into cakes that are then dried into explosives for specific applications. (lindahall.org)
  • Black powder was first brought to California in the late 1840s when miners used the explosive in their search for gold. (lindahall.org)
  • Though early thermal weapons , such as Greek fire , have existed since ancient times, the first widely used explosive in warfare and mining was black powder , invented in 9th century China. (infogalactic.com)
  • At room temperature, the G-series nerve agents are volatile liquids, making them a serious risk for exposure from dermal contact with liquid nerve agent or inhalation of nerve agent vapor. (medscape.com)
  • Unlike other highly hazardous chemicals (HHC) covered by PSM, explosive materials do not have a listed threshold quantity. (osha.gov)
  • [1] The increased availability of chemicals has allowed the construction of improvised explosive devices . (infogalactic.com)
  • The pictogram for explosive chemicals used by the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS). (infogalactic.com)
  • Unlawful access to explosives. (wa.gov)
  • b) Training must include avalanche blasting experience so that the problems encountered in cold weather blasting are known factors. (wa.gov)
  • a) The storage, handling, and use of explosives and blasting agents used in avalanche control practices must comply with this chapter and chapter 70.74 RCW. (wa.gov)
  • Explosives are declared as NEQ (Net Explosive Quantity) when described in the transport document, separate to the gross weight. (dsv.com)
  • ii) Packs must be constructed with sufficient individual compartments to separate hand charges or explosives components from tools or other equipment or supplies which may be carried in the pack. (wa.gov)
  • Dispersal devices or an explosive blast also can aerosolize nerve agents. (medscape.com)
  • To address the problem of floc, BME has developed a dispersal method that involves heating the AN coating agent residual to its melting point in the oxidiser tank. (im-mining.com)
  • In cases of life-threatening extremity trauma secondary to blast injuries, early use of tourniquets may prove lifesaving. (medscape.com)
  • Shrapnel wounds (secondary blast injury) are treated as low-velocity gunshot wounds. (medscape.com)
  • Workers were making slow progress cutting through the granite, and engineers realized it would take well over a year to blast through from end to end using conventional methods. (lindahall.org)
  • Vapor agents penetrate the eyes first, producing localized effects, then pass into the respiratory tract, with more generalized effects when the exposure is greater. (medscape.com)
  • The effect of inhalational exposure to nerve agent vapor in turn depends on the vapor concentration and the time of exposure. (medscape.com)
  • Exposure to low concentrations of nerve agent vapor produces immediate ocular symptoms, rhinorrhea, and in some patients, dyspnea. (medscape.com)
  • Hosted by the European Federation of Explosives Engineers, the three-day conference drew over 500 delegates globally from among explosives users, manufacturers, drilling equipment operators, researchers and professionals involved in mining and construction. (im-mining.com)
  • A just-released study at Sandia confirms EDS's effectiveness against biological agents, bio-contaminated containers, and improvised biological devices. (sciencedaily.com)
  • a) Hand charges or explosives components must be transported in approved type avalanche control packs, in United States Department of Transportation-approved shipping containers or in licensed magazines. (wa.gov)
  • Explosive containers to be marked - Penalty. (wa.gov)
  • Reporting theft or loss of explosives. (wa.gov)
  • NIOSH tech news report on an incident where CO generated from blasting at a strip mine migrated through the ground into a nearby home, poisoning the occupants. (cdc.gov)
  • The difference between then and now is the need to turn the blast into the primary crusher by controlling fragmentation response, and measure costs in light of total production cost effect in the stockpile, not just direct expense. (pitandquarry.com)
  • The HE blast fragmentation warhead contains 545 kg of HE. (armyrecognition.com)
  • similar formulations have been used in improvised explosive devices. (wikipedia.org)
  • 3) The term "dealer" shall be held to mean and include any person who purchases explosives or blasting agents for the sole purpose of resale, and not for use or consumption. (wa.gov)
  • In addition, the term "explosives" shall include all material which is classified as division 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, or 1.6 explosives by the United States department of transportation. (wa.gov)
  • Unintentional radiologic emergencies include Nuclear Blast, Nuclear Reactor Accidents, and Transportation Accidents like a spill of radioactive material from a truck or train. (cdc.gov)
  • Blast injuries include both physical and psychologic trauma. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Explosive devices prohibited - Penalty. (wa.gov)
  • While explosives are being handled or used, smoking shall not be permitted and no one near the explosives shall possess matches, open light or other fire or flame. (mysafetysign.com)
  • For additional information and analysis of US industry trends, see Explosives: United States , a report published by the Freedonia Focus Reports division of The Freedonia Group. (freedoniagroup.com)
  • A. The manufacture, possession, storage, sale, transportation, and use of explosives and blasting agents as regulated by Article 77 of the Uniform Fire Code is prohibited in all zones as established in this code except Heavy Industrial (IH). (codepublishing.com)
  • The finding prompted agents to perform two controlled detonations. (voanews.com)
  • c) Industrial primers (or boosters) that consist mainly of TNT or gelatin are the recommended explosives. (wa.gov)
  • Agents went on to search Braham's second suitcase and found hundreds more .45 caliber ammunition primers in a plastic bag. (cbsnews.com)
  • Federal agents say that after Braham was questioned without a Miranda warning, he admitted that he had 700 ammunition primers in the suitcase that he bought at a gun show in November 2009. (cbsnews.com)
  • No fire shall be fought where the fire is in imminent danger of contact with explosives. (osha.gov)
  • Warning signs shall be at least 4 feet by 4 feet in bright contrasting colors, letters as large as possible reading 'Danger - Blasting. (chesterfield.gov)
  • It was the drill combined with explosives that made all this possible. (pitandquarry.com)
  • Our spring construction started in mid-March, and with full road closures Monday through Thursday from 10 a.m. to 2 p.m. crews were able to safely blast rock away from the hillside," said Project Engineer Alex Deduck. (idaho.gov)
  • Through late November, weather permitting, the work zone is closed to traffic every Monday through Thursday from 10 a.m. to 2 p.m. so crews can safely blast and haul away the rock. (idaho.gov)
  • A blasting agent is a material or mixture consisting of a fuel and oxidizer intended for blasting. (hayward-ca.gov)
  • An explosive charge is a measured quantity of explosive material. (infogalactic.com)
  • With the increase in coal production comes an increased demand for explosives - particularly for blasting agents. (freedoniagroup.com)
  • In one particularly damning revelation, Liu puts members of the Kim's Convenience production team on blast - something you don't often see Canadian actors do. (blogto.com)
  • The drilling phase is the most expensive in the drilling and blasting portion of production, requiring a sizable investment and upkeep. (pitandquarry.com)
  • To begin the technical discussion, a blasthole is merely a cylindrical vehicle designed and strategically situated to hold and contain an explosive charge so that it can be detonated in the most efficient and optimum manner possible. (pitandquarry.com)
  • b) Multiple charge blasts. (wa.gov)
  • An ammunition primer is the component of a bullet which starts the explosive charge that powers a bullet. (cbsnews.com)
  • Demand for blasting agents is also expected to benefit from the increased use of explosives to remove waste materials as strip ratios in coal mining continue to rise. (freedoniagroup.com)
  • Radiologic threat agents are radioactive materials released that have adverse health effects. (cdc.gov)
  • Explosive materials may be categorized by the speed at which they expand. (infogalactic.com)
  • In Materials Science and Engineering, explosives are occasionally used in cladding. (infogalactic.com)
  • The prominent display of adequate signs, warning against the use of mobile radio transmitters, on all roads within 1,000 feet of blasting operations. (osha.gov)
  • Properly designed and carefully executed, drilling and blasting offer the first, and perhaps greatest, opportunity to optimize quarry operations and control costs. (pitandquarry.com)
  • In the blast periphery (walking-wounded zone), most casualties will have non-life-threatening injuries and psychologic trauma, no rescue is required, and basic support and self-help are needed. (msdmanuals.com)