Experimental animals human and animal models. Medical search. Frequent questions

The reduction in doses recommended for PEP was based in part on evidence from rabies virus pathogenesis data, experimental animal work, clinical studies, and epidemiologic surveillance. (cdc.gov)
On the basis of experimental and clinical findings. (nih.gov)
When studying the cardiovascular system before birth, the temporal profile of cardiovascular development between species is a highly important consideration for translation to the human clinical situatio. (researchgate.net)
One limitation in conducting basic, translational, and clinical research investigating the underlying biological causes of CHDs is a substantial lack of relevant in vitro and in vivo-based models. (sbir.gov)
Furthermore, PDX models are suggested to be a useful tool to mimic human clinical trials using animals. (sbir.gov)
TEL AVIV, Israel , July 7, 2022 /PRNewswire/ -- Galmed Pharmaceuticals Ltd. (Nasdaq: GLMD) ("Galmed" or the "Company"), a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company for liver, metabolic, fibrosis and inflammatory diseases, announced today results showing significant effects of Aramchol in pre-clinical model of both lung and gastrointestinal (GI) fibrosis. (prnewswire.com)
Aramchol is a partial inhibitor of SCD1 with distinctive, direct, anti-fibrotic activity demonstrated in several pre-clinical models. (prnewswire.com)
One Health is a comparative clinical approach which promotes better collaboration between human and animal health professionals in order to reduce the spread of zoonotic diseases. (who.int)
Evidence: Many systematic reviews published in the Cochrane library are inconclusive and unable to provide clinical recommendations after randomized controlled trials have been undertaken based on the results of animal experiments. (who.int)

6) lack of suitable experimental outcomes for the purpose of epidemiological studies. (biomedcentral.com)
Since then, a few studies have looked for effects on cognitive function and behaviour, either experimentally in lab animals or through epidemiological observation of human populations. (newscientist.com)
These tobacco smoke evident in laboratory ciated with risk of lung cancer, after and other aromatic amines are com- animals and epidemiological obser- correction for duration and intensity ponents of mainstream cigarette vations in humans ( Witschi, 2007 ). (who.int)
In addition, recent discoveries have challenged the current epidemiological model of EVD in which the virus is introduced in a community of naïve individuals via zoonotic spillover. (who.int)

However, human studies have not found elevated rates of cancer from uranium exposure, and high-dose animal studies have not found cancer following inhalation, oral, or dermal exposure to uranium. (cdc.gov)
Currently the assessment of individual exposure to mycotoxins in man and animals is usually based on the analysis of toxin and/or metabolite contamination in the blood or urine. (frontiersin.org)
We hypothesized that experimental exposure to ammonia and dust would impair pulmonary function, and that these exposures would be synergistic. (cdc.gov)
Furthermore, the exposure system used - a phone suspended in the animals' cage - did not meet currently recommended standards to allow an accurate assessment of exposure. (newscientist.com)
We then use this model to study the difference in exposure-dose rela- tionship between the respiratory-tract tissues and the liver. (cdc.gov)
The integrated PBPK model confirms that for soluble vapors the exposure-dose curve for metabolism in respiratory- tract tissue will be shifted dramatically to lower concentrations compared to the expo- sure-dose relationship in systemic organs. (cdc.gov)
Taken together, there is only moder- nested case-control studies within as 4-aminobiphenyl and 2-naphthyl- ate concordance between the carci- prospective cohorts, biomarkers of amine as human bladder carcino- nogenic and mechanistic effects of PAH and NNK exposure were asso- gens (IARC, 1987, 2012a) . (who.int)
Furthermore, the high levels of stimulation that were used in some of these animal experiments were not typical of realistic exposure situations. (cdc.gov)
Our recent animal studies (chinchilla) have used a 30 HZ, 3g rms and a 20 HZ, 2g rms cage vibration in combination with continuous noise (95 dB, 0.5 kHz octave band) and impact noise (113, 119 or 125 dB peak SPL) exposure paradigms. (cdc.gov)
No studies were located regarding lethality in animals after inhalation exposure to radium. (cdc.gov)
Many deaths, especially from bone cancer, have occurred in humans following long-term oral exposure to radium-226 and radium-228. (cdc.gov)

Results from our lab indicate that expression of this mutated BRAF gene (BRAFV600E) induces a disease in mice that has several similarities with human LCH. (histio.org)
Data from our lab showed that expression of the mutated form of Braf in cells of the monocytes induced LCH-like disease in mice (these animals are called FRBRAF mice). (histio.org)
We found that several genes that were altered in human LCH were also altered in FRBRAF mice. (histio.org)
Chicken type II collagen was used to induce CIA in mice, which were then treated with an anti-human DR5 antibody, TRA-8. (nih.gov)
In human/mouse DR5-transgenic Ubc.Cre mice with CIA, transgenic DR5 was most highly expressed on CD11b+ macrophages, with lower expression on CD4+ T cells. (nih.gov)
In human/mouse DR5-transgenic LysM.Cre mice, transgenic DR5 was restrictively expressed on macrophages. (nih.gov)
Mice harboring spontaneous mutations have long been a major source for animal models of human genetic disorders, particularly mendelian diseases. (jax.org)
Modeling diabetic nephropathy in mice. (scielo.br)
Many cancer in humans, including (to var- mice and rats and tumours of the lar- of these issues result from the fact ying extents) cancers of the lung, ynx in hamsters. (who.int)

In this study, the plasma concentration profiles of 10 marketed compounds exhibiting two-phase elimination after intravenous administration in humans were evaluated in terms of distribution volumes just after intravenous administration ( V 1 ), at steady state ( V ss ), and in the elimination phase ( V β ) using physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling implemented in a commercially available simulator (Simcyp). (aspetjournals.org)

Animal models are an important aid in experimental medical science because they enable one to study the pathogenetic mechanisms and the therapeutic principles of treating the functional disturbances (symptoms) of human diseases. (nih.gov)
PD is one of many human diseases which do not appear to have spontaneously arisen in animals. (nih.gov)
The new 4-year PhD programme in One Health Models of Disease: Science, Ethics and Society will provide unique training in state-of-the-art techniques in the design and application of new One Health models of neurodegenerative, cardiovascular, developmental, and infectious diseases of humans and animals. (ed.ac.uk)
Students will be supervised by world-leading life scientists addressing important diseases of humans and animals, and social scientists and bioethicists conducting cutting-edge research into the social and ethical dimensions of 21st century science. (ed.ac.uk)
Experimental gastrointestinal models of human diseases. (norecopa.no)
The cardiovascular system and models for human diseases. (norecopa.no)
At the Organ-on-a-Chip World Congress in Boston, Massachusetts, last week, Mimetas was one among many drug and biotechnology firms and academic researchers showing off the latest advances in miniature model organs that respond to drugs and diseases in the same way that human organs such as heart and liver do. (nature.com)

One possible explanation may be the low coherence between experimental studies of toxic effects in animal models and human studies. (biomedcentral.com)
Could delays in regulatory action be at least partly attributable to the low coherence between experimental studies of toxic effects in animal models and human studies? (biomedcentral.com)
This chapter addresses the con- Coherence: carcinogenicity the induction of lung tumours, both cordance in studies of carcinogen- of tobacco smoke in humans benign and malignant, by cigarette icity and mechanisms between versus experimental animals smoke. (who.int)

Therefore, animal models of depression often display altered anxiety-related behavior. (wikipedia.org)
The object of our study aimed to review and to correlate genes involved in ASD and those related to ultrasonic communication in animal model studies of language-based social behavior at the PubMed database. (bvsalud.org)

Bleomycin, an anti-neoplastic agent that causes lung fibrosis in human patients, has been used extensively in rodent models to mimic IPF and serves as the standard agent for induction of experimental pulmonary fibrosis in animals. (prnewswire.com)
Miniature devices that mimic human organs could help to replace animals used in drug testing. (nature.com)
But while some companies are developing chips to mimic diseased organs, most are still testing whether existing drugs behave in the chips as they do in healthy human tissues. (nature.com)

Aramchol's ability to modulate hepatic lipid metabolism was discovered and validated in animal models, demonstrating downregulation of the three key pathologies of NASH: steatosis, inflammation and fibrosis. (prnewswire.com)
PBPK) model that incorporates a multicompartment, unidirectional flow description of the respiratory tract within a whole-body model in order to estimate both respiratory tract and hepatic metabolism. (cdc.gov)

Human brain organoids are used for understanding pathogenesis and investigating therapeutic options for neurodevelopmental, neuropsychiatric, neurodegenerative, and neurological disorders. (mdpi.com)
Such models can transform our approach to understanding pathogenesis, facilitating the development of therapies or preventive measures. (ed.ac.uk)

Again, depression is a heterogeneous disorder and its many symptoms are hard to be produced in laboratory animals. (wikipedia.org)
Give the participants insight in experimental surgical techniques in laboratory animals focusing on rodents. (norecopa.no)
Advanced insight into Danish and International legislation concerning animals used for scientific purposes, the ethical aspects working with laboratory animals as well as the principles of the 3 Rs. (norecopa.no)
Knowledge about advanced experimental procedures such as microsurgery, imaging, telemetry as well as practical experience with handling, anaesthesia, analgesia, euthanasia and surgical procedures in rodent laboratory animals. (norecopa.no)
The Jackson Laboratory maintains and distributes chromosome-aberration stocks that provide mouse models for Down syndrome, as well as the study of. (jax.org)
Laboratory Animal Science Professional 10(1) (January/February), 12-14. (awionline.org)
Laboratory Animal Science Professional 10(1) (January/February), 48-52. (awionline.org)
The concept of the 3Rs (Refinement, Reduction and Replacement) has been used as a framework for improving the welfare of laboratory animals for the last half century. (awionline.org)
The ethical justification and scientific utility of laboratory animal experimentation are rightly criticized, necessitating efforts to enhance humane aspects of animal research as well as to address biases and difficulties in extrapolating data from animal research to humans. (who.int)
The authors also provide four proposals to improve the ability to apply data from laboratory animal experimentation to humans. (who.int)

Adrian Roth, head of in vitro safety research at Roche in Basel, Switzerland, says that such comparisons were useful when one of Roche's experimental drugs was found to cause liver tumours in rats. (nature.com)
Roche used data from in vitro models of human and rat livers to argue that the mechanism causing the liver tumours was unique to rodents and should not prevent studies in humans. (nature.com)

In turn, chronic fetal hypoxaemia promotes oxidative stress, and maternal antioxidant therapy in animal models of hypoxic pregnancy has proven to be protective with regards to fetal growth and cardiovascula. (researchgate.net)

To explore this further, we reviewed a total of 807 PubMed abstracts and full texts reporting studies of toxic effects of PCB and PBDE in animal models. (biomedcentral.com)
In other words, to what extent the outputs of animal studies aid in the design of human studies? (biomedcentral.com)
The results of animal experiments form an important input for human studies which influence directly the policy making process. (biomedcentral.com)
Hence, an important question is to what extent the outputs of existing animal experiments correspond to the input requirements for human studies? (biomedcentral.com)
Outcomes that may occur with uranium overexposure, based on both observed human effects and animal studies, include non- malignant respiratory disease (fibrosis, emphysema) and nephrotoxicity. (cdc.gov)
Pharmacokinetics inform the estimation of potential therapeutic doses and safety margins before first-in-human studies. (aspetjournals.org)
In vivo animal studies have further indicated that intracerebroventricular administration of Colivelin not only completely suppresses impairment in spatial working memory induced by repetitive intracerebroventricular injection of Aβ25-35 or Aβ1-42, but also it antagonizes neuronal loss in the CA1 region of hippocampus induced by hippocampal injection of Aβ1-42. (jneurosci.org)
PET-scanning and development of models for studies of neurological disorders. (norecopa.no)
Insight into strategies for planning and analyses of experimental animal studies, including the importance of standardisation of environmental, microbiological factors and use of humane endpoints. (norecopa.no)
These data are consistent with human studies suggesting that a delay of oscillatory potentials is an indicator of diabetes even if common symptoms of retinopathy cannot be observed. (arvojournals.org)
These models may be used to enhance research capabilities of basic scientists and/or provide novel tools to pharmaceutical companies for preclinical oncology studies. (sbir.gov)
PDX Mouse Models: PDX models are commonly used in many clinically relevant research applications including characterization of tumor heterogeneity, in vivo therapeutic target validation studies, therapeutic mechanism of action studies, and therapeutic sensitivity and resistance studies. (sbir.gov)
To create an experimental model of associated comorbidities, for healing and regeneration studies, protocols for induction of nephropathy by ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) and induction of DM by injection of streptozotocin (STZ) were associated. (scielo.br)
It was possible to induce nephropathy and DM associated in the same animal, in a simple way, confirmed with rapid tests, without losses, providing a basis for future studies. (scielo.br)
The quotation has been used to illustrate the lack of belief in animal studies by a prominent member of the scientific community. (animalresearch.info)
Regarding animal models in ASD, many studies focus on gene expression, cortical neuronal migration and cell maturation, and neural network deficits. (bvsalud.org)
However, very few studies directly link animal oral communication and gene expression in cortical areas of language. (bvsalud.org)
These studies demonstrated ic problems associated with animal sufficient evidence that tobacco that cigarette smoke can induce tu- studies of tobacco smoke expo- smoking causes multiple types of mours of the lung and nasal cavity in sure have been recognized. (who.int)
Concordance: carcinogenicity of tobacco smoke in humans pound likely to be involved in the dence from studies of haemoglobin versus carcinogenicity of etiology of lung cancer in smokers. (who.int)
However in human experimental studies, which, by necessity, are limited to low levels of TTS, the effects measured while generally consistent, are relatively small. (cdc.gov)
A very limited number of animal studies have also shown an enhanced hearing loss in the presence of vibration, but the scope of these studies is limited. (cdc.gov)

When developing human PBPK models, the insight gained from prior animal PBPK models based on nonclinical data informed the optimization of the lipophilicity input of the compounds and the selection of the appropriate mechanistic tissue partition methods. (aspetjournals.org)
The accuracy of V 1 , V ss , and V β values predicted that using human PBPK models developed in accordance with prior animal PBPK models was superior to using those predicted using conventional approaches, such as allometric scaling, especially for V 1 and V β . (aspetjournals.org)
PBPK models predicted V 1 , V ss , and V β values for almost all compounds within 3-fold errors, resulting in better predictions of plasma concentration profiles than allometric scaling. (aspetjournals.org)
The distribution volumes predicted using human PBPK models based on prior animal PBPK modeling were more accurate than those predicted without reference to animal models. (aspetjournals.org)
This study demonstrated that human PBPK models developed with consideration of animal PBPK models could accurately predict distribution volumes in various elimination phases. (aspetjournals.org)

The primary goal of this topic is to develop new, commercially available models relevant to diverse racial/ethnic populations including American Indians, Alaska Natives, Asians, African Americans, Pacific Islanders, and Hispanic/Latinos. (sbir.gov)
Solicited models include patient-derived cell lines, patient-derived xenograft (PDX) mouse models, and 3D human tissue model culture systems established from racially/ethnically diverse patient populations. (sbir.gov)
Establishing these novel models may influence CHD research in multiple ways including 1) benefiting investigators in this largely underexplored area of research, 2) improving the quality and acceptance of CHD research data, and 3) improving validation and commercialization of cancer therapeutics relevant to diverse patient populations. (sbir.gov)

Once the causative mechanism is understood, animal models are also helpful in the development of therapeutic approaches exploiting this understanding. (nih.gov)
To determine the therapeutic efficacy and immunomodulatory effect of an anti-human death receptor 5 (DR5) antibody, TRA-8, in eliminating macrophage subsets in a mouse model of type II collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). (nih.gov)

Cues that a painful shock is imminent facilitate the startle reflex in both humans and rats (Bradley et al. (springer.com)

It is difficult to develop an animal model that perfectly reproduces the symptoms of depression in patients. (wikipedia.org)
Bleomycin reproduces typical features of the human disease. (prnewswire.com)

Rodents as a model for urological disorders. (norecopa.no)

Here, we evaluated DNIC in the rat L5/L6 spinal nerve ligation (SNL) model of chronic pain using both behavioral and electrophysiological outcomes. (iasp-pain.org)

Accelerometers offer unique opportunities to study the behaviour of cryptic animals but require validation to show their accuracy in identifying behaviours. (awionline.org)
2021. Caretaker attitudes and animal training are associated with alpaca behaviour towards humans-An online survey. (awionline.org)
Applied Animal Behaviour Science 236, 105224. (awionline.org)
Although alpacas are becoming increasingly popular animals, their behaviour towards humans has received little research interest until now. (awionline.org)

Their centres of mass rise and fall less than their hip joints, so one of the assumptions of our model is violated. (maths.org)

In Brazil, the prevalence of HEV infection in humans and animals is still poorly understood, and the characteristics of virulence, pathogenicity and inter-species infection of the genotype 3 isolates circulating in the country are unknown. (usp.br)
Zoonoses are important threats to human and animal health, and animal research has played a role in assessing risk across species. (who.int)
As such, groups concerned with animal ethics would do well to further explore the applications of a One Health approach: what are the ethical guideposts as we move toward a future of health care that considers the health of multiple species as well as the environment? (who.int)
The development and sophistication of human language are essential characteristics for our species. (bvsalud.org)

Alpha radiation (such as that from uranium) is classified as a human carcinogen. (cdc.gov)

In both human disease and animal models, electroretinography (ERG) can detect functional losses resulting from diabetic eye complications. (arvojournals.org)
Similar results were obtained in the type-2 diabetic BBZDR/Wor model and the STZ-treated type-1 diabetic model. (arvojournals.org)
Mouse models of diabetic nephropathy. (scielo.br)
In this study, a diabetic rat model was established by i.p. injection of STZ (55 mg/kg). (bvsalud.org)

Our understanding of fetal cardiovascular physiology has markedly increased in the last 50 years, with the introduction of suitable animal models. (researchgate.net)

Review and update of ultrasonic vocalization in animals: Correlation with autism spectrum disorder experimental models? (bvsalud.org)
Since matching at the 4 km grid level showed a relatively higher correlation and chemical transport models typically use grid-based emissions, we used the linear regression relationship between FINN and permit burned areas at the grid level to adjust FINN burned areas. (cdc.gov)

Advanced insight into the use and limitation of animal models in biomedical research. (norecopa.no)
One place the quote features is Aping Science - A Critical Analysis of Research at the Yerkes Regional Primate Research Center, Committee on Animal Models in Biomedical Research - 1995. (animalresearch.info)
My own experience of over 60 years in biomedical research amply demonstrated that without the use of animals and of human beings, it would have been impossible to acquire the important knowledge needed to prevent much suffering and premature death not only among humans but also among animals. (animalresearch.info)
Despite clear benefits of PRT for NHPs and biomedical research, investigators often view the investment in personnel expertise and time required to train animals as deterrents towards adopting PRT. (awionline.org)
2021. Animal-centric Care and Management - Enhancing Refinement in Biomedical Research. (awionline.org)

the work on [polio] prevention was long delayed by an erroneous conception of the nature of the human disease based on misleading experimental models of the disease in monkeys. (animalresearch.info)
Typically, monkeys are moved from their home cage to an experimental room daily, where they sit in a primate chair and interact with. (awionline.org)

To promote data reusability, we describe four example use cases where this dataset may be re-analyzed to support basic research, translational investigation, omics data integration, and kinetic modeling. (nature.com)

An appropriate animal model of human depression should fulfill the following criteria as much as possible: strong phenomenological similarities and similar pathophysiology (face validity), comparable etiology (construct validity), and common treatment (predictive validity). (wikipedia.org)
This experimental disease shared several similarities with human LCH. (histio.org)
Dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) induced colitis model is widely used because of its similarities with human ulcerative colitis. (prnewswire.com)

Although the primate model of human smallpox had been refined, further improvement was needed before it could be used in assessing the efficacy of new antiviral drugs and safer vaccines. (who.int)
The primate model of human smallpox needs further refinement in order to facilitate the development of antiviral drugs and vaccines. (who.int)

A human/mouse-chimeric DR5-transgenic mouse, under the regulation of a mouse 3-kb promoter and a loxP-flanked STOP cassette, was generated and crossed with an ubiquitous Cre (Ubc.Cre) mouse and a lysozyme M-Cre (LysM.Cre)-transgenic mouse to achieve inducible or macrophage-specific expression. (nih.gov)
Genetics and transgenic models. (norecopa.no)

The One Health paradigm, whether applied to zoonotic disease or other health issues affecting both animals and humans, can provide important alternatives to animal experimentation. (who.int)

Human organoids are small, self-organized, three-dimensional (3D) tissue cultures that have started to revolutionize medical science in terms of understanding disease, testing pharmacologically active compounds, and offering novel ways to treat disease. (mdpi.com)
Technological advances in genome editing and animal bioscience have potential for huge societal impact, and are opening up enormous opportunities for the development of novel and innovative models of disease at the cellular, tissue and whole animal scale. (ed.ac.uk)
3D human tissue model culture systems: While immortalized cell lines have been standard practice in cancer research for decades, adequate modeling of the heterogeneity of human cancer is an unmet need. (sbir.gov)

By using animal models, the underlying molecular alterations and the causal relationship between genetic or environmental alterations and depression can be examined, which would afford a better insight into pathology of depression. (wikipedia.org)

and (4) use systems-level computational modeling to develop a principled understanding of the function and mechanisms by which oscillatory and other electrophysiological temporal dynamic patterns unfold across the brain (cortically and subcortically) to impact cognition. (nih.gov)

In truth, the principle monkey model of polio infection was fundamentally misleading, and, as a result, it misdirected preventive measures and delayed vaccine development. (animalresearch.info)
CDC has issued guidelines to reduce the risk of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection among health-care workers, emergency-response and public-safety workers, and others who might be exposed to HIV while performing job duties (1-4). (cdc.gov)

All reports that dealt with animal model experiments were selected then by reading available texts (titles/abstracts/full texts). (biomedcentral.com)
entitled "One health: perspectives on ethical issues and evidence from animal experiments" [1], touches on a number of important points, but fails to go far enough in exploring the innovative nature of a One Health approach to a number of scientific and ethical issues related to the overlap of human and animal health. (who.int)
Our article focuses on One Health in relation to ethics and a pathway to generating robust evidence from animal experiments and certainly not, as seems to be understood by Dr Lederman, that One Health provides an alternative to the conventional animal experiments. (who.int)
a review of animal experiments. (cdc.gov)

It is not necessary for an "ideal" animal model of depression to exhibit all the abnormalities of depression-relevant behaviors, just as not all patients manifest every possible symptom of depression. (wikipedia.org)

The ever-increasing accumulation of industrial contaminants in biota, the influence of which is of yet unknown to human health, is one reason why speeding up policy making and regulatory action is becoming an important goal in the field of toxicology. (biomedcentral.com)
Animal models play an important role in studying the toxic effects of hazardous substances, determining dose-response relationships, and pinpointing the most susceptible developmental stages. (biomedcentral.com)
Predicting the pharmacokinetics of compounds in humans is an important part of the drug development process. (aspetjournals.org)
In this proposal we will define which cell is important for development of disease in the mouse model and how it causes disease. (histio.org)
In neurophysiology, nonhuman primates represent an important model for studying the brain. (awionline.org)

To answer this question, we compared the animal-study histories of two groups of well known organohalogen contaminants: PCBs and PBDEs (polybrominated diphenyl ethers). (biomedcentral.com)
In a recent study, approximately 23,000 persons per year were estimated to have been exposed to potentially rabid animals and received rabies postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) ( 2 ). (cdc.gov)
The development and validation of appropriate cell and animal-based models to study underrepresented population groups would greatly advance this field of research. (sbir.gov)
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of rolipram, a selective phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitor (PDE-4I), and pentoxifylline, a general PDE inhibitor, using a rat model of DN. (bvsalud.org)

We found that transplant of bone marrow cells from a BRAF mouse into a normal recipient animal promoted development of a LCH-like disease in the liver, spleen and lung but not in the brain. (histio.org)
Treatment with Aramchol resulted in statistically significant fibrosis improvement in a validated bleomycin model of lung fibrosis (IPF), comparable to Pirfenidone which is the gold standard treatment. (prnewswire.com)

High choline intake during gestation and early postnatal development in rat and mouse models improves cognitive function in adulthood, prevents age-related memory decline, and protects the brain from the neuropathological changes associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD), and neurological damage associated with epilepsy, fetal alcohol syndrome, and inherited conditions such as Down and Rett syndromes. (mdpi.com)

The most commonly used approaches predict human distribution volumes of drugs from animal data via interspecies scaling techniques, such as allometric scaling. (aspetjournals.org)

The non-ionising radio frequency radiation through which devices such as mobile phones communicate is of low energy, and as yet no plausible biophysical mechanism has been established by which exposures below internationally recommended limits could cause adverse effects in humans. (newscientist.com)

An ideal animal model offers an opportunity to understand molecular, genetic, and epigenetic factors that may lead to depression. (wikipedia.org)

To address this, we studied spontaneous type-2 and induced type-1 models to establish systematic alterations of ERG parameters by diabetes. (arvojournals.org)

Several kidney biomarkers are used successfully in drug development, however cost-efficient, and reliable kidney biomarkers are urgently needed for monitoring farm animals for early signs of kidney disease. (frontiersin.org)
This resource provides mouse models for facial, dental, eye, ear and skull development research, as well as mouse models of human craniofacial. (jax.org)

Human rabies prevention---United States, 2008: recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices. (cdc.gov)
Approaching zoonotic and environmental risks from a One Health perspective involves considering what research and disease control and prevention methods are mutually beneficial to humans, animals and the environment. (who.int)
One key type of direct disease control and prevention is the use of animal collars and vaccinations [5]. (who.int)

This report summarizes new recommendation and updates previous recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) for postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) to prevent human rabies (CDC. (cdc.gov)

There are several options available to submit your application through Grants.gov to NIH and Department of Health and Human Services partners. (nih.gov)

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is an emerging pathogen with global distribution that causes acute and chronic hepatitis in humans and asymptomatic infections in animals. (usp.br)

Anatomy28

Organisms41

Diseases28

Chemicals and Drugs66

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment47

Psychiatry and Psychology4

Phenomena and Processes44

Disciplines and Occupations7

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena2

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Humanities1

Information Science3

Health Care8

Clinical9

Epidemiological4

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Physiologically based pharmacokinetic1

Diseases7

Coherence3

Behavior2

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Metabolism2

Pathogenesis2

Laboratory10

Vitro2

Oxidative Stress1

Studies21

PBPK5

Populations3

Therapeutic2

Rats1

Reproduces2

Rodents1

Outcomes1

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Joints1

Species4

Carcinogen1

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Physiology1

Correlation2

Biomedical research5

Monkeys2

Dataset1

Similarities3

Primate2

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Tissue3

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Experiments4

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Study4

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