• Consistently delivered quality programs of husbandry and veterinary care provide the foundation that enables valid scientific research. (msdvetmanual.com)
  • Other persons at risk include pigeon fanciers and persons whose occupation places them at risk for exposure (e.g., employees in poultry slaughtering and processing plants, veterinarians, veterinary technicians, laboratory workers, workers in avian quarantine stations, farmers, wildlife rehabilitators, and zoo workers). (cdc.gov)
  • Training non-human primates (NHP) in various husbandry and veterinary procedures is essential to animal behavior management in most captive settings. (frontiersin.org)
  • The Institute of Veterinary Medicine of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine (until May 4, 1992 called - Ukrainian Scientific Research Veterinary Institute ) was established in Kyiv in 1977 on the basis of the Ukrainian Research Institute of Experimental Veterinary Medicine (URIEVM), which was headed by PhD G.F. Bondarenko from September 16, 1968) in accordance with of the USSR Cabinet of Ministers decree No. 351 of 1977, July 4. (kiev.ua)
  • Associate member of the All-Union Academy of Agricultural Sciences and Ukrainian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Honored Scientist of Ukraine, Professor, Doctor of Veterinary Sciences Anatoly Sobko was appointed its first director and for more than 20 years was the head of Institute and managed virology laboratory (1977-1993) created by the order No. 47 as of 1977, April 14. (kiev.ua)
  • Professor Anatoliy Sobko is the world famous scientist, was at the sources of such important problems of veterinary science as infectious diseases of pigs, foot and mouth disease of farm animals, researches of viruses and bacteria. (kiev.ua)
  • Designed and manufactured by Institute's employees vaccines due to efforts of the mobile teams were successfully implemented in veterinary practice, new schemes of animal viral infections prevention and eradication were tested. (kiev.ua)
  • provided consulting services on the use of laboratory results in the veterinary practice. (kiev.ua)
  • Beyond histology, my teaching to veterinary students ranges from cardiovascular and renal physiology to less mainstream companion species (rabbits, rats, guinea pigs), including an applied special topic (laboratory animal medicine and surgery). (massey.ac.nz)
  • NASDA supports enhanced coordination between USDA-APHIS-Veterinary Services and regional state alliances to improve the nation's integrated animal health network through an integrated approach to prevention, preparedness, response, and recovery to livestock disease outbreaks of national significance. (nasda.org)
  • NASDA supports the humane care and handling of all animals, and NASDA opposes activities or policies seeking to establish production or welfare standards outside of sound veterinary science and science-based best management practices. (nasda.org)
  • As such, it would be a "departure" approved by the IACUC for a scientific/veterinary medical/animal welfare reason, and is to be included on the semiannual report to the IO. (primr.org)
  • While emotions in nonhuman animals is still quite a controversial topic, it has been studied in an extensive array of species both large and small including primates, rodents, elephants, horses, birds, dogs, cats, honeybees and crayfish. (wikipedia.org)
  • The bill recognizes that primates are "highly intelligent, social animals with complex emotional and cognitive needs" and the harsh training methods and conditions associated with use in entertainment subjects them to "physical and psychological harm. (animallaw.info)
  • Only a few other states prohibit the use of primates in circuses and other traveling animals venues, including California , Colorado , Hawaii (indirectly by banning import), and New Jersey . (animallaw.info)
  • Codes of Practice 1-3 give more detailed information as to how the guidelines can be applied to non-human primates in laboratories, breeding or holding units. (wustl.edu)
  • Common primates used in the laboratory have a vertical flight response when alarmed by a terrestrial predator. (wustl.edu)
  • In most laboratories primates are kept indoors within a restricted range of temperature and humidity. (wustl.edu)
  • These terms of reference have been tailored to reflect and refer to the NRC's animal care and use programs, its policies, practices and procedures. (canada.ca)
  • Thus, the only way to counter the damage done to the animal research community's public image is to increase the lay community's understanding of research practices" (O'Sullivan, 2006, p. 6). (brill.com)
  • Monitoring and understanding fish behavior is crucial for achieving precision in everyday husbandry practices (i.e. for optimizing farm performance), and for improving fish welfare in aquaculture. (frontiersin.org)
  • In this role, you will work closely with farmers, livestock owners, and agricultural communities to provide guidance, education, and support in animal husbandry practices. (farmbizafrica.com)
  • Farmer Education and Training: Organize workshops, training sessions, and demonstrations to educate farmers on best practices in animal husbandry. (farmbizafrica.com)
  • Collaborate with these entities to access additional resources, share knowledge, and promote sustainable animal husbandry practices. (farmbizafrica.com)
  • Information Dissemination: Develop educational materials, including brochures, fact sheets, and training manuals, to disseminate information on animal husbandry best practices. (farmbizafrica.com)
  • NASDA supports science-based policies promoting the responsible use of production practices to maintain the health, safety, and welfare of livestock, poultry, and other species in animal agriculture needed to produce an abundant, safe, and affordable food supply. (nasda.org)
  • The Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals and the Animal Welfare Act Regulations describe rules and best practices for animal care and use professionals to follow in order to ensure that high welfare standards are upheld for animals used in research. (primr.org)
  • More recently the focus has included intensively managed production populations (poultry / aquaculture) and diseases related to recent domestication and husbandry (eg, skeletal deformity in salmon). (massey.ac.nz)
  • Laboratory rodents that are disease- and pathogen-free and that do not possess antibodies indicative of past infection are readily available from commercial vendors. (msdvetmanual.com)
  • From a purely logistical perspective, zebrafish provide several conveniences such as a reduced regulatory burden compared to research rodents, reduced costs associated with housing and husbandry, and the ability to increase throughput in large-scale surveys of compounds. (biomedcentral.com)
  • When using an anesthetic overdose to euthanize laboratory rodents, a secondary method of euthanasia is recommended to ensure that the apparent death is irreversible. (bvsalud.org)
  • This book was prepared to help scientists, research administrators, institutional animal care and use committees, and animal care staff to address the difficult questions of the presence and alleviation of animal pain and distress. (nationalacademies.org)
  • This database, created in 2000, is updated every three months with newly published scientific articles, books, and other publications related to improving or safeguarding the welfare of animals used in research. (awionline.org)
  • 2023. Are currently selected laboratory animals useful in the research of how female hormones influence orthodontic biomechanics? (awionline.org)
  • Jaak Panksepp played a large role in the study of animal emotion, basing his research on the neurological aspect. (wikipedia.org)
  • For proper management of research animals, the animal care and research staff must be responsible, sensitive to the animals' health and well-being, well trained in the humane care and use of laboratory animals, highly motivated, experienced, and diligent in performing their duties and responsibilities. (msdvetmanual.com)
  • Within research facilities, environmental conditions must be carefully controlled so that, along with conscientiously applied programs of animal care and use, the best possible conditions for conducting research are provided. (msdvetmanual.com)
  • The exponential rise of the zebrafish (Danio rerio) as a model organism in biomedical research has far outstripped our un- derstanding of basic husbandry and welfare for this species. (awionline.org)
  • The National Research Council's (NRC) Animal Care Committees (ACC) oversee the ethical treatment of experimental animals used in research at the NRC. (canada.ca)
  • The CCAC requires that institutions conducting animal based research, teaching or testing establish an animal care committee (ACC), and that it be functionally active. (canada.ca)
  • NRC employees who are considering research involving animal subjects are encouraged to contact their ACC at the earliest stage of protocol design. (canada.ca)
  • Research using animals must be approved in writing by the appropriate NRC ACC before any animals can be ordered or work can begin. (canada.ca)
  • Animal research that is to take place off-site but involve NRC researchers still requires approval from an NRC ACC. (canada.ca)
  • Contract/service animal research that is performed in NRC animal facilities, but does not involve NRC researchers, still requires approval from an NRC ACC. (canada.ca)
  • Animal research that receives NRC financial assistance, as through the NRC Industrial Research Assistance Program (NRC IRAP), can choose to rely on the review of a CCAC-certified ACC functioning at the institution where the work is to be performed. (canada.ca)
  • In this situation, the research centre or program that owns the equipment would need to receive written assurance, via the relevant animal care and use program, that those using the equipment have CCAC certification. (canada.ca)
  • In the event that an animal facility is operated on leased NRC property, the research centre or program's animal care and use program would need to receive written assurance that the animal users have CCAC certification. (canada.ca)
  • Research centres or programs that do not have an existing ACC may on occasion require the use of animals in their research. (canada.ca)
  • This maximum should not be exceeded, except in the case of very small research centres (i.e. those that have 3 or fewer animal users). (canada.ca)
  • But why is transparency in non-human animal (hereinafter referred to as animal) research desirable, or indeed vital? (brill.com)
  • Hadley (2012) argues that the public finance much animal research but do not know what impact their taxes and donations have on animals. (brill.com)
  • Furthermore, he suggests that, since "people enjoy the benefits of animal research when they consume pharmaceuticals or undergo surgical procedures that prolong or improve the quality of their lives, it seems reasonable to inform them of the costs to animals for which their consumer choices are to some extent causally responsible" ( Hadley, 2012 , p. 105). (brill.com)
  • Good governance is another reason for transparency in animal research. (brill.com)
  • concur that "more transparency will increase public confidence in the appropriate conduct and regulation of animal research and therefore help to maintain public acceptance" (2010, p. 500). (brill.com)
  • Some in the research community have supported increased transparency to improve the public's understanding of animal research and boost its acceptability. (brill.com)
  • In contrast, animal advocates emphasize the importance of public debate and awareness of the reality of research animals to improve animal welfare and to work towards an end of animal experimentation. (brill.com)
  • In general, animal advocates are confident that the more the public knows about animal research, the less it will be willing to sanction it. (brill.com)
  • Most people know nothing or little about animal research. (brill.com)
  • For example, an opinion poll, commissioned by Humane Research Australia ( hra ) in 2013, found that 43% of Australians were not aware that animals are used in experimental research in Australia ( Humane Research Australia, 2016a ). (brill.com)
  • Discussions and recommendations of euthanasia of debilitated and sick animals, of animals in nonrecovery scientific protocols, and as a strategy for population control of animals no longer useful for research or breeding are provided in the section "Euthanasia. (nationalacademies.org)
  • Animals from government-sponsored long-term care facilities are supplied to biomedical research, and the majority of support for chimpanzees in these facilities for research and breeding comes from the federal government and the biomedical industry. (nationalacademies.org)
  • Sanctuary animals require less intensive management than animals in research facilities, and therefore entail lower costs of daily care. (nationalacademies.org)
  • Animals in non-government-operated sanctuaries would not be used in medical research, although it is recommended they be used in behavioral research to increase understanding of optimal housing, management, and captive behavior. (nationalacademies.org)
  • This definition is thought to be especially applicable for animals in biomedical research that might require some time in relative social isolation. (nationalacademies.org)
  • The microbiome of commercial RAS used for research zebrafish reaches a relatively stable state by four weeks post-population and would be expected to be suitable for experimental use following that time-point. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The laboratory zebrafish ( Danio rerio ) are an attractive model species in biomedical and developmental research, owing to a unique combination of qualities that are important for animal model selection including biological characteristics that can be exploited, the availability of advanced imaging and molecular techniques, and financial feasibility [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Laws concerning animals used in research were a hot topic again with Iowa and Massachusetts passing "beagle freedom" laws and two others banning animal testing for cosmetics. (animallaw.info)
  • In addition, the University is committed to maintaining high standards for the care and use of animals in research and teaching and has adopted policies and procedures which conform to governmental regulations on the humane care and use of laboratory animals. (ucop.edu)
  • Coupled with this responsibility, each University of California location, which includes all 10 campuses and the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, holds a current Federalwide Assurance filed with the Department of Health and Human Services Office of Human Research Protection (OHRP) for the protection of human subjects. (ucop.edu)
  • In 2020 the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) published the results of an extensive review of advanced non-animal models being used for basic and applied research into respiratory tract diseases . (norecopa.no)
  • NORINA (A Norwegian Inventory of Alternatives) contains information on resources which can replace or supplement the use of animals or animal material in education and training - from school dissections through university education to the training of animal research personnel. (norecopa.no)
  • In order to improve the welfare of captive wild animals used in research, it is necessary to apply methods that minimize the stress to which the animals are constantly subjected. (bvsalud.org)
  • However, training behaviors required to perform typical experimental tasks in sensory-motor systems research and cognitive neuroscience represent a more significant challenge for classical PRT training. (frontiersin.org)
  • The main direction of research of virology laboratory, according to the statute, were the study of infectious animal diseases of viral etiology, development of methods of diagnosis and means of active prophylaxis. (kiev.ua)
  • Currently I run the histology research laboratory, specialising in immunohistochemistry, and offering a range of slide-based technologies. (massey.ac.nz)
  • Under the general supervision of a faculty investigator or laboratory supervisor, the Research Technologist is responsible for performing routine laboratory duties and experiments and mouse colony management. (gobgc.org)
  • But I'd like to point out that a lot of the research on mental disorders in animals focuses on finding parallels with human mental disorders. (koryoswrites.com)
  • animal suffering, mental illness (including references or descriptions of the most commonly diagnosed human mental disorders), and animal research. (koryoswrites.com)
  • NASDA supports enhanced investment in science-based research needed to advance diagnostics, vaccines, and other response or treatment options to current or emerging animal diseases. (nasda.org)
  • and Richelle Scales, CPIA , research compliance analyst in the Office of Animal Care and Use at the University of California Berkeley. (primr.org)
  • The standard procedure in PRT training is to break down a desired final behavior into small pieces that can be gradually and sequentially taught to the animal. (frontiersin.org)
  • Yet the underlying reasons for disordered behavior in animals may be because they have mental needs that humans do not. (koryoswrites.com)
  • Applied Animal Behaviour Science 234, 105183. (awionline.org)
  • Applied Animal Behaviour Science 236, 105226. (awionline.org)
  • Applied Animal Behaviour Science 33:149-163. (jabbnet.com)
  • Applied Animal Behaviour Science 46:17-31. (jabbnet.com)
  • Applied Animal Behaviour Science 61:159-180. (jabbnet.com)
  • Applied Animal Behaviour Science 112:33-39. (jabbnet.com)
  • When possible, compatible groups of social animals should be housed together. (msdvetmanual.com)
  • AH: The specific example that was under discussion was a deviation from the statement that "social animals should be housed in stable pairs or groups of compatible individuals" ( Guide , p. 51). (primr.org)
  • Clarification of early end-points for refinement of animal experiments, with specific reference to fish. (awionline.org)
  • Appropriate end-points are integral to the refinement of laboratory animal experiments. (awionline.org)
  • Procuring such animals from high-quality sources, transporting them in filtered shipping containers, and maintaining them in facilities with both physical and procedural barriers to the introduction of infectious agents are effective measures to prevent disease within a colony that may confound or ruin experiments. (msdvetmanual.com)
  • Few people who live in countries where animal experiments occur know much detail about the numbers and species of animals used, the types of procedures they endure, or the pain and suffering involved ( Hadley, 2012 ), as well as the ineffectiveness of using animals as models for humans. (brill.com)
  • The impossibility of creating a consistent and reliable system of subsistence thus reinforces a "laboratory" regime of permanent experiments to maintain food security. (berghahnjournals.com)
  • Stress produces physiological changes that may interfere with the results of laboratory experiments, and voluntary cooperation through learning may minimize the anxiety experienced by laboratory animals. (bvsalud.org)
  • 2007). Experiments on wild animals using saliva for the determination of circulating hormone concentrations have been developed with increasing frequency in the past years, as this method is non-invasive and reduces interference from stressful situations (Cross & Rogers, 2004). (bvsalud.org)
  • Uses basic understanding of theory behind experiments and applies basic analytical skills to implement assigned projects, and to identify and trouble-shoot situations needing special attention. (gobgc.org)
  • In June 2023, the federal Endangered Species Act (ESA), arguably one of the most successful animal protection laws, turns 50. (animallaw.info)
  • Further clinical experience with domestic species (ruminants and companion animals), avian and exotics was gained in Australia, New Zealand, Portugal, Saudi Arabia and the UK (1986-2007). (massey.ac.nz)
  • The task is to characterise and mitigate the effects of koi sleepy disease, a poxvirus infection of carp species which places small holding farmers in a precarious situation supplying the international aquaria trade. (massey.ac.nz)
  • Enterococci are part of the normal intestinal flora of humans and animals.The genus Enterococcus includes more than 17 species, although only a few cause clinical infections in humans. (medscape.com)
  • In 2021, the Traveling Exotic Animal and Public Safety Protection Act (TEAPSPA) ( H.R. 5999 ) was introduced in the U.S. House, which would amend the Animal Welfare Act to ban the use of wild or exotic animals in traveling animal acts. (animallaw.info)
  • Information:A Workshop - The Animal Welfare Information Centre (AWIC) teaches a one and a half day workshop at the National Agricultural Library (NAL) in Beltsville, Maryland for individuals who are responsible for providing information to meet the requirements of the Animal Welfare Act (AWA). (nadir-project.eu)
  • Carried out by Anatoliy Sobko deep fundamental researches allowed to develop a set of clinical and laboratory methods and create more than 30 biological products for the diagnosis and prophylaxis of animal viral and bacterial diseases, most of researches were awarded by gold and silver medals of the All-Union National Economy Exhibition, international exhibitions and confirmed by patents. (kiev.ua)
  • NASDA supports the funding and resources needed to maintain a robust state and federal animal health infrastructure necessary to facilitate early detection, surveillance, response, and control activities to prevent and mitigate both domestic and foreign animal diseases. (nasda.org)
  • NASDA believes federal animal disease control programs are essential to eradicate or prevent the introduction of foreign animal diseases. (nasda.org)
  • NASDA recognizes the prevention, containment and eradication, where appropriate, of domestic and foreign animal diseases requires a robust collaborative effort among federal, state, industry and academia. (nasda.org)
  • NASDA supports innovative partnerships with State and Federal Public Health and Wildlife agencies when responding to zoonotic diseases in domestic animals. (nasda.org)
  • In large enclosures, to facilitate handling and manipulation, the animals can be trained to enter a smaller enclosure or cage by the use of suitable rewards (positive reinforcement) similarly, they can be trained to put out an arm or stand still to accept injections. (wustl.edu)
  • The laboratory had mobile group that traveled to complex infectious disease outbreaks in livestock enterprises through the entire Soviet Union (Dr of Sci. (kiev.ua)
  • 2021. Walking on tiptoes: Digital pads deserve increased attention when scoring footpad dermatitis as an animal welfare indicator in turkeys. (awionline.org)
  • Typically, ADME studies are conducted using metabolism cages designed for the single housing of animals to. (awionline.org)
  • Recent experience has shown that such over-cleaning is not necessary and that the animals benefit when cages are custom built to extend from floor to ceiling thus taking maximum advantage of the space available in the room. (wustl.edu)
  • Humane Intervention Points: Refining endpoint terminology to incorporate non-euthanasia intervention options to improve animal welfare and preserve experimental outcomes. (awionline.org)
  • On March 30, 2023, New Mexico Governor Lujan Grisham singed SB 215 , the Animal Sexual Abuse Act, into law. (animallaw.info)
  • Those regulations and policies also require that institutions develop programs for training personnel in procedures to ensure that animal pain and distress are minimized. (nationalacademies.org)
  • After infection the animals develop very severe, but unspecific general symptoms. (fli.de)
  • It is therefore important to develop non-invasive methods for the collection of biological samples and the performance of laboratory exams. (bvsalud.org)
  • In operant conditioning, animals are trained to develop voluntary behaviours through reward. (bvsalud.org)
  • For example, Table 3.3 on p. 59 of the Guide gives "Recommended Minimum Space for Rabbits, Cats, and Dogs Housed in Pairs or Groups" and includes a comment for dogs, that "cage height should be sufficient for the animals to comfortably stand erect with their feet on the floor. (primr.org)
  • The purposes of this book are to increase awareness of the sources and manifestations of stress and distress in laboratory animals and to increase ethical sensitivity in those who use and care for them. (nationalacademies.org)
  • They constitute an introduction to Chapters 5 - 7 , which provide specific recommendations for the care and use of laboratory animals. (nationalacademies.org)
  • Standard operating procedures are valuable, and training and supervision are essential to assure a consistently applied and uniformly high level of animal care. (msdvetmanual.com)
  • Each ACC strives to meet or exceed the expectations of the Canadian Council on Animal Care (CCAC). (canada.ca)
  • The NRC's ACC's operations are governed by the CCAC's "Terms of reference for animal care committees" but are not limited to them. (canada.ca)
  • The NRC's ACCs report directly to the senior administrator responsible for animal care and use for the institution. (canada.ca)
  • The CCAC policy statement on senior administrators of animal care and use programs (PDF, 450.98 KB) (2008) will be consulted for details on the roles and responsibilities of the institution and its senior administrators. (canada.ca)
  • NRC researchers or Industrial Technology Advisors (ITA) experienced in animal care and use, who may or may not be actively using animals during their term on the ACC. (canada.ca)
  • The Quincy Shipyard Animal Care Support Facility has had Aqua Logic as our go-to for heat exchangers, drop-in chillers, heaters, and ABS insulated tanks, since the facility's inception in 2010. (aqualogicinc.com)
  • Conviction under this law results in seizure of animals under the direct care of the perpetrator as well as bans on future possession of animals. (animallaw.info)
  • Adherence to the Guidelines and Codes of Practice will not only encourage efficiency in the care giving staff, but will also improve the welfare of the animals and thus raise the quality of science based on them. (wustl.edu)
  • All of these recommended methods have operational implications, ranging from reported job dissatisfaction by animal care staff to rigorous reporting requirements associated with the use of controlled substances. (bvsalud.org)
  • This workshop is targeted for principal investigators, members of IACUCs, information providers, administrators of animal use programs, and veterinarians. (nadir-project.eu)
  • So what forms of mental disorders are present in animals, and what are biologists, psychologists, veterinarians, and pet owners doing to better understand them? (koryoswrites.com)
  • Information on the current animal disease situation can be found in the respective latest issue of the monthly newsletter Radar Bulletin (in German language). (fli.de)
  • African Swine Fever ( ASF ) is a notifiable animal disease which affects domestic pigs and wild boar. (fli.de)
  • ASP is no zoonosis, i.e. a disease which can be transmitted from animals to humans, and therefore represents no danger for humans. (fli.de)
  • In the event of a reportable animal disease incident, NASDA supports the expedited normalization of trade and consideration of regional barriers, where appropriate, to minimize the overall effect on U.S. producers while regional disease issues are resolved. (nasda.org)
  • Prior to the development of animal sciences such as comparative psychology and ethology, interpretation of animal behaviour tended to favour a minimalistic approach known as behaviourism. (wikipedia.org)
  • The behaviourist argument is, why should humans postulate consciousness and all its near-human implications in animals to explain some behaviour, if mere stimulus-response is a sufficient explanation to produce the same effects? (wikipedia.org)
  • Some behaviourists, such as John B. Watson, claim that stimulus-response models provide a sufficient explanation for animal behaviours that have been described as emotional, and that all behaviour, no matter how complex, can be reduced to a simple stimulus-response association. (wikipedia.org)
  • In this type of training, a clicker or another sonorous device is activated whenever the animal correctly performs the desired behaviour, acting as a bridge between that moment and the delivery of the reward (Cipreste & Costa, 2002). (bvsalud.org)
  • In: Keeling LJ, Gonyou HW (eds) Social Behaviour in Farm Animals. (jabbnet.com)
  • Braastad BO (1998) Effects of prenatal stress on behaviour of offspring of laboratory and farmed mammals. (jabbnet.com)
  • Broom DM, Fraser AF (2007) Domestic Animal Behaviour and Welfare. (jabbnet.com)
  • The authors believe that in most experimental and husbandry situations laboratory animals need not experience substantial pain or stress and that prevention and alleviation of pain and stress in laboratory animals is an ethical imperative. (nationalacademies.org)
  • The greater the departure of the captive environment from the natural situation, the more critical each attribute of the enclosure becomes in terms of meeting the animal's needs. (wustl.edu)
  • Stress often affects captive wild animals (Pachaly et al. (bvsalud.org)
  • In order to explore the effect and mechanism of SA treatment against echinococcosis, we established animal echinococcosis model and treated rats with albendazole alone, alkaloids alone, and combined therapy. (hindawi.com)
  • In the present study, we not only investigated the therapeutic effect of the combinational treatment of Sophora moorcroftiana alkaloids and albendazole against echinococcosis in an experimental rats model, but also explored the underlying molecular mechanism of this strategy by proteomics. (hindawi.com)
  • To meet these expectations and the NRC's own ethical standards, the NRC's ACCs review and consider for approval the ethical acceptability of animal use protocols. (canada.ca)
  • Curious what animal-related laws were added or amended in 2022? (animallaw.info)
  • This does not apply to every deviation that the IACUC approves for scientific reasons, because some "must" or "should" statements in the Guide do not have explicitly stated exceptions for "experimental reasons. (primr.org)
  • If then, for example, the IACUC approves housing of a dog in a shorter cage for a few days after surgery that the experimental design requires, in order to limit its physical activity to allow for healing, this would be a deviation for an "experimental reason" that is not covered by a specifically described exception. (primr.org)
  • Chapters 2 - 4 focus on what is known about pain, stress, and distress in humans and animals. (nationalacademies.org)
  • Steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head (SONFH) is a condition documented in humans and animals exposed to chronic steroid administration. (awionline.org)
  • Enterococci are part of the normal intestinal flora of humans and animals. (medscape.com)
  • Maladaptive behaviors serve as important signs of distress in laboratory animals and indicate that intervention or scientific justification is required. (nationalacademies.org)
  • Positive reinforcement training (PRT) ( Skinner, 1938 ) is the most efficient and ethical technique to train a wide variety of behaviors as it rewards the animals for desired behaviors while ignoring unwanted ones ( Westlund, 2015 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • A public consultation in the United Kingdom-to which animal activists and scientists were not invited-found public support for openness and interest in a wide range of key information (Ipsos MORI, 2013). (brill.com)
  • We selected 74 female H. longicornis ticks from an HRTV-free colony into experimental and control groups. (cdc.gov)
  • These days, increasing numbers of companion animals are hitting the road with their humans. (animallaw.info)
  • The Guide remains the primary reference for information on basic principles and standards for laboratory animal management. (msdvetmanual.com)
  • Here, transmission occurs through direct contact with infected animals (secretions, blood, semen), ingestion of food waste, pork products or preparations and other indirect routes of transmission (vehicles, contaminated equipment including hunting gear, agricultural tools and machinery, clothing). (fli.de)
  • A recent report of the Institute of Laboratory Animal Resources might be of more direct assistance with the development of training and education programs [NRC, 1990]. (nationalacademies.org)
  • It might also, indirectly, help to reduce the number of animals needed for experimental purposes: uncontrolled pain or distress can increase variability in experimental data and so require the use of more animals in a study for it to achieve statistical significance. (nationalacademies.org)
  • This does not apply to ACC members who must be part of the ACC because of their role within the institution ( ex-officio members): the ACC Coordinator, the veterinarian(s) and the animal facility manager/supervisor. (canada.ca)
  • If an animal recovered, it was euthanized by using a physical method of euthanasia, and a duration that was 30 s longer than the previous predetermined time was assessed using other animals. (bvsalud.org)
  • Voluntary cooperation reduces the sensations of fear and anxiety that the animals normally experience during the performance of invasive procedures, therefore contributing to reduced stress (Coe, 2003). (bvsalud.org)
  • It is sometimes difficult to determine whether an animal is undergoing a normal process of adapting to a state of stress, for which intervention might not be indicated, or is in distress. (nationalacademies.org)
  • The existence and nature of emotions in non-human animals are believed to be correlated with those of humans and to have evolved from the same mechanisms. (wikipedia.org)
  • During the period of Virology laboratory existence, by its division, were created separate researches units of the Institute - Laboratory of diagnostics (1980. (kiev.ua)
  • When testing the sensitivity of this algorithm for detecting fish swimming variations under different husbandry scenarios, we found that the algorithm could detect variations in all of the abovementioned parameters and could potentially be a useful tool for monitoring the behavioral state of European seabass. (frontiersin.org)
  • Burman OHP, Parker RMA, Paul ES, Mendl M (2008) Sensitivity to reward loss as an indicator of animal emotion and welfare. (jabbnet.com)
  • The cautious wording of Dixon exemplifies this viewpoint: Recent work in the area of ethics and animals suggests that it is philosophically legitimate to ascribe emotions to animals. (wikipedia.org)
  • NASDA supports the rights of state jurisdictions to adopt and enforce statutes, regulations, or policies that may be more restrictive than federal requirements in order to have necessary protections of animal health and animal industries in their respective states. (nasda.org)
  • Please note that at this time, only publications dated 2010 or later (with some exceptions) can be filtered by Animal Type and Topic. (awionline.org)
  • What is missing from the philosophical literature that makes reference to emotions in animals is an attempt to clarify and defend some particular account of the nature of emotion, and the role that emotions play in a characterization of human nature. (wikipedia.org)
  • The ability to avoid, escape from, or control pain and other inducers of stress and distress is critical to the survival and well-being of many animals (Phillips and Sechzer, 1989). (nationalacademies.org)
  • Positive reinforcement conditioning is performed by providing rewards to the animal when it presents the desired behavioural response. (bvsalud.org)