• Exogenous MEL promoted the synthesis of endogenous MEL, abscisic acid, auxin, and cytokinin while inhibiting gibberellin. (bvsalud.org)
  • Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes between wild type plants and STTM159 transgenic plants showed that genes involved in cell division, auxin, cytokinin (CK) and brassinosteroids (BRs) biosynthesis and signaling are significantly down-regulated in STTM159 plants. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Olive explants included of pieces of young stems which were divided into nodal explants cultured on MS media supplemented with cytokinins and auxin. (ikprress.org)
  • It is shown that after treatment with exogenous GA3, the content of endogenous IAA and ABA decreased and GA3 in plant stems increased. (edu.ua)
  • The expression level increased after treatment with exogenous cytokinin,and decreased after treatment with the cytokinin synthesis inhibitor lovastatin. (ahs.ac.cn)
  • These results imply of the role of exogenous factors such as cytokinins and auxins supplementation in affecting the terpenoid biogenesis in vitro by altering the levels of endogenous cytokinins and physiological status of the plant organism. (cas.cz)
  • The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of root cutting stress on the dynamic changes of endogenous hormone content and growth characteristics of Quercus variabilis roots, and to explore the physiological role of endogenous hormones in regulating root-crown interactions in the short term. (techscience.com)
  • Here, we investigated the physiological and transcriptomic changes in grape seedlings treated with exogenous MEL to determine their protective role under cold stress. (bvsalud.org)
  • Because of the complex interactions among various plant hormones and their ability to control a wide range of physiological processes, they serve as the key endogenous factors in mediating plant stress response. (beds.ac.uk)
  • For the occurrence of floral transition at an opportune time, these regulatory mechanisms integrate varied environmental cues with the endogenous physiological ones. (jabonline.in)
  • In addition, exogenous NO significantly increased the concentration of Indole-3-Acetic Acid (IAA), Gibberellic Acid (GA), Cytokinin (CK) and Abscisic Acid (ABA) compared to the control, which likely linked to an increase in Nitric Oxide Synthase (NOS)-like activity and endogenous NO release in tall fescue roots. (ac.ir)
  • The results showed that the root growth indexes and root endogenous hormones in the RP group were superior to those in the CK group. (techscience.com)
  • Through comprehensive analysis of endogenous hormones, it was found that the crosstalk of IAA, JA, ABA and SA could activate the root growth defense. (techscience.com)
  • The obtained results showed that anatomical-morphological and structural-functional rearrangements of sweet pepper plants under the action of exogenous gibberellic acid and EW-250 took place against the background of changes in the balance and distribution of endogenous hormones. (edu.ua)
  • To study the effects of 6-BA and ABA applications on carbohydrate contents and endogenous hormones in subtending leaf, and their relationship to cotton yield and qualities under different planting dates, we conducted a field experiment with two cotton cultivars Kemian 1 and NuCOTN 33B in the Lower Reaches of Yangtze River (Nanjing) and in the Yellow River Valley (Anyang), China. (chinacrops.org)
  • The results showed that the application of 6-BA significantly increased contents of sucrose and starch, and sucrose transformation rate in subtending leaf, while the application of ABA only regulated the balance of endogenous hormones. (chinacrops.org)
  • Subsequently, we have discussed the crosstalk among them, followed by crosstalk with growth promoting hormones (gibberellins, auxins and cytokinins). (beds.ac.uk)
  • Zinnia cell culture is a unique model system, which at the administration of certain ratio of cytokinins and auxins can be induced to trans-differentiate into vessel elements. (europa.eu)
  • This study was designed to determine whether SWE-based cytokinins affect creeping bentgrass heat tolerance, and to compare effects of SWE-based cytokinins to those of a trans -zeatin riboside ( t -ZR)-standard. (bioagservicescorp.com)
  • 2002) noted that root- zone-injection of zeatin riboside increased endogenous cytokinins, antioxidant activity, and delayed senescence in heat-stressed creeping bentgrass. (bioagservicescorp.com)
  • Analytical determination of endogenous phytohormones - indolyl-3-acetic (IAA), gibberellic (GA3) and abscisic (ABA) acids and cytokinins - zeatin (Z), zeatin-O-glucoside (ZG), zeatinribozide (ZR), isopentenyladenine (iP) and isopentenyladenosine (iPA) were performed by high performance liquid chromatography - mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS). With GA3 treatment, plant height increased considerably, while with EW-250, it decreased. (edu.ua)
  • High soil temperature may damage roots, a primary site of cytokinin biosynthesis. (bioagservicescorp.com)
  • In seedlings, the dwarf phenotype is recovered by exogenous application of gibberellic acid. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We investigated the effect of foliar treatment with 0.005% solution of gibberellic acid (GA3) and 0.025% solution of the antigibberellic preparation tebuconazole (EW-250) on morphogenesis, leaf mesostructure, the content of photosynthetic pigments, the balance of endogenous phytohormones and productivity of Capsicum annuum L., Antey variety. (edu.ua)
  • Effects of cytokinin on photosynthetic gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, antioxidative system and carbohydrate accumulation in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) under low light. (org.ua)
  • We report here on the effects of plant growth regulators on the terpenoid profile, structure of photosystem II in vitro as well as on the endogenous cytokinin levels of both above- and underground parts. (cas.cz)
  • It was revealed that the growth regulators-modified growth and development as well as the alterations of photosystem II structural organization were related to the cytokinin levels of Artemisia alba. (cas.cz)
  • Extensive research has identified cytokinins as a class of very effective antisenescence growth regulators (Woo et al. (bioagservicescorp.com)
  • Treatment of plants with the studied growth regulators caused a decrease in the pool of cytokinins (CK) in stems. (edu.ua)
  • Besides the long-standing role of cytokinins (CKs) as growth regulators, their current positioning at the interface of development and stress responses is coming into recognition. (frontiersin.org)
  • The morphological characteristics and endogenous hormone contents of normal roots (no root cutting, CK) and cut roots (cut by 1/3 of the length of the main root, RP) were determined by liquid chromatography, which was combined with mass spectrometry at different levels of different developmental stages. (techscience.com)
  • Perhaps the most striking characteristic of roots that distinguishes them from other plant organs such as stem-branches and leaves is that roots have an endogenous [5] origin, i.e. , they originate and develop from an inner layer of the mother axis, such as pericycle . (wikimili.com)
  • In response to the concentration of nutrients, roots also synthesise cytokinin , which acts as a signal as to how fast the shoots can grow. (wikimili.com)
  • In our study, exogenous NO significantly increased the relative growth rate compared to the control. (ac.ir)
  • We show that exogenous ABA significantly altered the HCO 3 − uptake of Chamydomonas reinhardtii in a light-intensity-dependent manner. (nature.com)
  • The PIN proteins are fine-tuned at multiple levels, including transcriptional regulation, post-transcriptional modification, intracellular recycling and vacuolar trafficking for degradation, in response to endogenous and exogenous signals. (chinbullbotany.com)
  • These results indicated that VlRR5 can respond to cytokinin and plays an important role in participating in cytokinin to improve the fruiting rate of grape. (ahs.ac.cn)
  • STTM (Short Tandem Target Mimic) is an effective tool to block the activity of endogenous mature miRNA activity in plant. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Cytokinin Binding Proteins from Phaseolus vulgaris Hypocotyls [J]. J Integr Plant Biol. (jipb.net)
  • Effect of Red light on Root Generation and Level of Endogenous ABA in Coleus Cutting [J]. J Integr Plant Biol. (jipb.net)
  • The aim is to obtain better understanding of the involvement of different endogenous and environmental factors in the process of xylogenesis, to elucidate the potential of pharmaceutical treatments for manipulation the dimensions of xylem vessels and to use the information obtained from the in vitro studies for in planta improvement of the post-harvest quality of cut flowers. (europa.eu)
  • These results suggested that mowing increased NOS-like activity, leading to elevated endogenous NO levels. (ac.ir)
  • miR156-targeted SPL10 controls Arabidopsis root meristem activity and root-derived de novo shoot regeneration via cytokinin responses. (chinaagrisci.com)
  • Comparative proteomic analysis reveals that exogenous 6-benzyladenine (6-BA) improves the defense system activity of waterlogged summer maize. (org.ua)
  • Cytokinins regulate root apical meristem size and promote lateral root elongation. (wikimili.com)
  • Cell-type-specific cytokinin distribution within the Arabidopsis primary root apex. (chinaagrisci.com)
  • Proper application of SWE-based cytokinins may be an effective approach to improve summer performance of creeping bentgrass. (bioagservicescorp.com)
  • Furthermore, Exogenous application of IAA failed to rescue the late-bolting and -flowering phenotype of lsarf3 mutants. (frontiersin.org)
  • The contents of cytokinin bioactive forms (free bases and ribosides) were followed. (cas.cz)
  • Fig. 2 Endogenous hormone contents of Cunninghamia lanceolata M1 at different sampling periods (mean ± SD). (plant-ecology.com)
  • Furthermore, we show that the alterations to protein expression triggered by growth at elevated CO 2 can help rebalance endogenous protein expression and/or increase foreign protein production in chloroplast-engineered tobacco. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In this study,a cytokinin response regulator VlRR5 was cloned from Kyoho grapevine,which has a phosphoric acid receptor domain(REC)and a MYB-like DNA binding domain. (ahs.ac.cn)
  • Exogenous GA3 enhanced the accumulation of endogenous GA3 and IAA and inhibited ABA in the leaves. (edu.ua)
  • [6] In contrast, stem-branches and leaves are exogenous , i.e. , they start to develop from the cortex, an outer layer. (wikimili.com)
  • Effects of exogenous 6-BA and nitrogen fertilizers with varied rates on function and fluorescence characteristics of wheat leaves post anthesis. (org.ua)
  • Seaweed extract (SWE)-based cytokinins have been used to improve stress tolerance, but their specific effects on creeping bentgrass under supraoptimal temperatures are lacking. (bioagservicescorp.com)
  • Beneficial effects of SWE on heat tolerance appear to be associated with their organic, especially cytokinin, components and not the mineral (ashed) fraction. (bioagservicescorp.com)
  • Flower development is central to angiosperm reproduction and is regulated by a broad range of endogenous and exogenous stimuli. (biomedcentral.com)
  • These data indicated that exogenous Ca2+ was involved in the red light-inhibition effect, but that' did not mean that Ca2 + was not required. (jipb.net)
  • The chemical alteration of an exogenous substance by or in a biological system. (lookformedical.com)