UrineKidneyUrinalysisFecesBileDiuresisCreatinineNatriuresisSodiumAlbuminuriaProteinuriaChromatography, High Pressure LiquidUrine Specimen CollectionGlomerular Filtration RateSubstance Abuse DetectionIntestinal AbsorptionNitrogenAbsorptionAdministration, OralDietElectrolytesKidney TubulesBiological MarkersUreaBiliary TractTime FactorsGlycosuriaBlood PressurePotassiumKidney Concentrating AbilityWater-Electrolyte BalanceMetabolic Clearance RateKidney CalculiGlucuronatesHippuratesLiverBiotransformationUrinationHalf-LifeBacteriuriaOxalatesFurosemideMethylhistidinesReference ValuesTissue DistributionAmmoniaBile Acids and SaltsOsmolar ConcentrationRenal CirculationKidney DiseasesAldosteroneWater DeprivationRats, Sprague-DawleyUric AcidSodium, DietaryDogsGlucuronidesBody WeightUrinary CalculiKidney Function TestsSpecimen HandlingInjections, IntravenousPhosphorusDiureticsReninInulinSodium Chloride, DietaryAcid-Base EquilibriumRats, WistarBiological AvailabilityProbenecidRats, Inbred StrainsCalcium OxalateHypertensionDrinkingSodium ChlorideSpecific GravityAquaporin 2VasopressinsDietary ProteinsKidney MedullaCross-Over StudiesDiabetic NephropathiesHyperoxaluriaUrinary Tract InfectionsVanilmandelic AcidChromatography, GasMaple Syrup Urine DiseaseHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationDose-Response Relationship, Drug17-KetosteroidsKidney Tubules, ProximalPotassium, DietaryLactulosePhosphatesReagent StripsMass SpectrometryKidney GlomerulusAtrial Natriuretic Factor17-Hydroxycorticosteroids