• Since 1980, sporadic co-infections of Leishmania with apparently monoxenous trypanosomatids have been described (Kaufer et al. (cdc.gov)
  • Initially described using existing genera in the family Trypanosomatidae, such as Trypanosoma or Leishmania, the nomenclature of Phytomonas was proposed in 1909 in light of their distinct hosts and morphology. (wikipedia.org)
  • While there has been recent genetic work done on Phytomonas species, genome level analysis is limited compared to the genome data available for disease-causing trypanosomatids in animals and humans, especially Trypanosoma cruzi, Trypanosoma brucei, and Leishmania major. (wikipedia.org)
  • Many trypanosomatid species bear RNA viruses, which, in the case of human pathogens Leishmania spp. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Arguably, the most diverse group within the family is the species-rich subfamily Leishmaniinae, which unites dixenous Leishmania s . l . and their closest monoxenous relatives of the genera Borovskyia , Crithidia , Leptomonas , Lotmaria , Novymonas , and Zelonia [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Phytomonas is a genus of trypanosomatids that infect plant species. (wikipedia.org)
  • Phytomonas is believed to have arisen from a single monoxenous lineage of insect parasitizing trypanosomatids some 400 million years ago. (wikipedia.org)
  • After this divergence, a heteroxenous lifestyle was developed, and most Phytomonas species are transferred between plant hosts by insect vectors in the Heteroptera suborder as a form of dixenous parasitism. (wikipedia.org)
  • First proposed by Donovan in 1909, the term Phytomonas describes the relationship the genus has with plants compared to closely related organisms in Trypanosomatida. (wikipedia.org)
  • Because these particular trypanosomatids differed distinctly from those that were known to be parasitic to animals, Donovan proposed that a new genus of trypanosomatids, Phytomonas, had to be created. (wikipedia.org)
  • Finally, in 1982, Dollet successfully cultivated trypanosomatids in vitro, which allowed for the isolation of Phytomonas in 24 different plant families from across the globe. (wikipedia.org)
  • In 2015, Phytomonas nordicus was found to be a part of the generally heteroxenous genus Phytomonas, despite it being a monoxenous parasite of the predatory bug Troilus luridus. (wikipedia.org)
  • In most recent news, a new dixenous species, Phytomonas oxycareni n. sp. (wikipedia.org)
  • As the nomenclature Phytomonas suggests, this genus consists of trypanosomatids that infect plants. (wikipedia.org)
  • Trypanosomatids are parasitic flagellates well known because of some representatives infecting humans, domestic animals, and cultural plants. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In contrast to typical trypanosomatids, which attach to the insect host's intestinal wall, Vickermania is separated from it by a continuous peritrophic membrane and resides freely in the fly midgut lumen. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Here we describe Vickermania , a new genus of fly midgut-dwelling parasites that bear two flagella in contrast to other trypanosomatids, which are unambiguously uniflagellate. (biomedcentral.com)
  • According to their life cycle, they are subdivided into monoxenous (developing in one host) and dixenous (switching between two different hosts) species. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The analysis of next-generation sequencing data revealed four viral groups with seven species, of which up to five were simultaneously detected in a single trypanosomatid isolate. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In addition, there were four new species of Leishbuviridae , the family encompassing trypanosomatid-specific viruses, and a new species of Qinviridae , the family previously known only from metatranscriptomes of invertebrates. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This is likely determined by the peculiarity of its firebug host, a highly abundant cosmopolitan species with several habits ensuring wide distribution and profuseness of L. pyrrhocoris , as well as its exposure to a wider spectrum of viruses compared to other trypanosomatids combined with a limited ability to transmit these viruses to its relatives. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The first detailed characterization of this species pointed to the presence of two united flagella [ 18 ], a peculiar feature proposed to be diagnostic for the genus Herpetomonas . (biomedcentral.com)
  • Since 1909, trypanosomatids were reported to infect plants from around the planet, but initially, there was little scientific interest in the genus, aside from possible relations to disease-causing organisms in animals and humans. (wikipedia.org)
  • While there has been recent genetic work done on Phytomonas species, genome level analysis is limited compared to the genome data available for disease-causing trypanosomatids in animals and humans, especially Trypanosoma cruzi, Trypanosoma brucei, and Leishmania major. (wikipedia.org)
  • RESULTS: We assembled genomes for twenty-one trypanosomatid species, with a primary focus on insect parasites and Trypanosoma spp. (bvsalud.org)
  • However, several genera are pathogenic to humans, animals and plants, and have an invertebrate vector that facilitates their transmission (i.e. possess a dixenous life-cycle). (nih.gov)
  • Since 1909, trypanosomatids were reported to infect plants from around the planet, but initially, there was little scientific interest in the genus, aside from possible relations to disease-causing organisms in animals and humans. (wikipedia.org)
  • RESULTS: The assay showed a detection limit of 1 parasite equivalent/µl and successfully detected trypanosomatids in 10 different hosts belonging to the insect orders Hymenoptera and Orthoptera. (bvsalud.org)
  • The observed variation in somy within and between trypanosomatid genera suggests that these flagellates are largely predisposed to aneuploidy and, apparently, exploit it to gain a fitness advantage. (bvsalud.org)
  • The assemblies exhibit sizes consistent with previously sequenced trypanosomatid genomes, ranging from approximately 18 Mb for Obscuromonas modryi to 35 Mb for Crithidia brevicula and Zelonia costaricensis. (bvsalud.org)