Eukaryotic single stranded dna binding protein dna binding proteins. Medical search. Frequent questions

Replication protein A (RPA) is the major protein that binds to single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) in eukaryotic cells. (wikipedia.org)
During DNA replication, RPA prevents single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) from winding back on itself or from forming secondary structures. (wikipedia.org)
Like its role in DNA replication, this keeps ssDNA from binding to itself (self-complementizing) so that the resulting nucleoprotein filament can then be bound by Rad51 and its cofactors. (wikipedia.org)
Single-stranded binding protein Replication protein A1 Replication protein A2 Replication protein A3 Wold MS (1997). (wikipedia.org)
It was also recently shown that PARP-1 is a sensor of unligated Okazaki fragments during DNA replication 16 and cells deficient in ribonucleotide excision repair are sensitized to PARP inhibition 17 . (nature.com)
Proteins that catalyze the unwinding of duplex DNA during replication by binding cooperatively to single-stranded regions of DNA or to short regions of duplex DNA that are undergoing transient opening. (lookformedical.com)
Injuries to DNA that introduce deviations from its normal, intact structure and which may, if left unrepaired, result in a MUTATION or a block of DNA REPLICATION. (lookformedical.com)
This complex structurally resembles Replication Protein A (RPA), which binds ssDNA during cellular DNA replication and DNA restoration (examined in 46). (bioskinrevive.com)
however, RPA can also be recognized at telomeres, and is probably practical during DNA replication 48,49,50. (bioskinrevive.com)
Structure and conformational change of a replication protein A heterotrimer bound to ssDNA. (anl.gov)
Replication protein A (RPA) is the main eukaryotic ssDNA-binding protein with essential roles in DNA replication, recombination, and repair. (anl.gov)
Pur-alpha is a highly conserved, sequence-specific DNA- and RNA-binding protein involved in diverse cellular and viral functions including transcription, replication, and cell growth. (embl-heidelberg.de)
The human Pur factor binds strongly to a sequence element repeated withinzones of initiation of DNA replication in several eukaryotic cells. (embl-heidelberg.de)
It is now well established that DNA Replication occurs semi conservatively, copying each strand of DNA separately, to produce two new DNA double helices. (biologyexams4u.com)
J.H.Taylor confirmed semi conservative replication of DNA in Vicia faba chromosomes in 1963. (biologyexams4u.com)
Biophysical studies showed that the orthologs of the two OB fold/one zinc finger replication protein A in Hethanosarcina acetivorans and Methanopyrus kandleri exhibit two binding modes, wrapping and stretching of DNA. (johnshopkins.edu)
DNA replication is one of life's fundamental processes. (figshare.com)
In order to restart replication, DNA damage tolerance mechanisms are required. (figshare.com)
The work presented here builds on the initial characterisation of the enzyme, which identified potential roles in the bypass of DNA damage through translesion synthesis (TLS) and repriming of replication. (figshare.com)
The fifth presented paper identifies the molecular basis for PrimPol's interaction with replication protein A (RPA). (figshare.com)
Together, this work supports a role for PrimPol in repriming and restarting DNA replication following stalling at impediments, as well as identifying mechanisms involved in the recruitment and regulation of the enzyme. (figshare.com)
DNA replication is a prerequisite for cell division in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms. (microbiologynote.com)
DNA replication is the biological process whereby two identical copies of DNA are synthesised from a single DNA molecule . (microbiologynote.com)
DNA replication guarantees that each daughter cell inherits an identical set of genetic information from its parent cells. (microbiologynote.com)
DNA replication in prokaryotes takes place at a single origin of replication, whereas in eukaryotes it takes place at multiple origins of replication. (microbiologynote.com)
DNA replication in prokaryotes, such as bacteria and archaea, is the process by which the genome is copied so that a daughter cell can be created. (microbiologynote.com)
It is important to note that the DNA of prokaryotes only has a single replication origin. (microbiologynote.com)
DNA helicase, by severing hydrogen bonds between the nucleic acid's nitrogenous bases, unwinds the DNA at the replication origin. (microbiologynote.com)
Due to the presence of just one replication origin in bacterial DNA, only two replication forks are generated during replication. (microbiologynote.com)
The two unwound strands that will be used as replication templates are stabilised by single-strand DNA-binding (SSB) proteins. (microbiologynote.com)
DNA polymerases I, II, and III are all essential for DNA replication in prokaryotes. (microbiologynote.com)
DNA polymerase III is responsible for both the initiation and the elongation phases of DNA replication in prokaryotes. (microbiologynote.com)
Before a cell divides, the eukaryotic genome undergoes a process called DNA replication. (microbiologynote.com)
Although eukaryotic and prokaryotic DNA replication share a similar underlying mechanism, there are notable distinctions due to the larger size and more complex structure of eukaryotic DNA. (microbiologynote.com)
There are three stages of DNA replication: initiation, elongation, and termination. (microbiologynote.com)
Multiple replication sources are used in the replication of eukaryotic DNA. (microbiologynote.com)
DNA helicase and SSBs work together at both replication origins to unwind and stabilise the two templates. (microbiologynote.com)
Eukaryotic DNA replication requires the actions of three distinct DNA polymerases: DNA polymerase,, and. (microbiologynote.com)
DNA replication is started by DNA polymerase, whereas DNA polymerases and participate in replication elongation. (microbiologynote.com)
Similar to prokaryotic DNA replication, both the leading and lagging strands are generated. (microbiologynote.com)
Replication stops when the leading strand of one replication bubble collides with the trailing strand of another replication bubble. (microbiologynote.com)
Before the nuclear division in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes, DNA replication takes place. (microbiologynote.com)
DNA Replication and RNA Transcription, although seemingly complex terms, hold within them concepts that are beautifully precise, methodical - true marvels of nature. (aboutdarwin.com)
Replication, in the world of genetics, is a mesmerizing process through which a cell makes an exact copy or, to draw a more precise picture - duplicates its DNA. (aboutdarwin.com)
The course plot for the saga of replication involves an array of characters, including enzymes like DNA polymerase, working tirelessly as diligent scribes, replicating each chapter accurately from the DNA template. (aboutdarwin.com)
It's quite an intricate dance aimed at making sure every new chromosome is equipped with one old and one new strand of DNA - this is referred to as semi-conservative replication. (aboutdarwin.com)
DNA replication is an intricate dance of molecules, a fundamental process essential to life. (aboutdarwin.com)
As we gaze into the microscopic world of the cell, here's a brief introduction to the components that are critical to the replication of DNA. (aboutdarwin.com)
This enzyme unwinds the double-stranded DNA, paving the way for replication. (aboutdarwin.com)
They pair with bases on the old strand during replication. (aboutdarwin.com)
An artist in its own right, Ligase dutifully connects Okazaki fragments (short sequences produced at the lagging strand) during replication. (aboutdarwin.com)
DNA replication is the process of DNA synthesis using parent DNA strands as a template. (online-sciences.com)
DNA replication begins at specific locations of replication in the cell , and it produces two identical replicas of DNA from one original DNA molecule . (online-sciences.com)
DNA replication is a biological process that occurs in all living organisms acting as the most essential part of biological inheritance. (online-sciences.com)
DNA replication is semiconservative: Each DNA strand serves as a template for synthesis of a new strand producing two DNA molecules , each with one new strand and one old strand. (online-sciences.com)
Having multiple origins of replication provides a mechanism for rapidly replicating the great length of eukaryotic DNA molecules. (online-sciences.com)
DNA replication occurs in the nucleus during the synthetic (S) phase of the eukaryotic cell cycle . (online-sciences.com)
Other enzymes (e.g. helicase, topoisomerase, and DNA ligase) and protein factors (e.g. origin binding proteins and single-stranded binding proteins) are required for the replication process. (online-sciences.com)
The genetic information found in DNA is copied and transmitted to daughter cells through DNA replication. (slideshare.net)
The involvement of viral DNA-binding proteins in the regulation of virulence genes, transcription, DNA replication, and repair make them significant targets. (mdpi.com)
1. Describe the process of DNA replication based on Chargaff rules. (ppt-online.org)
2. Know and understand the process of DNA replication. (ppt-online.org)
4. When does DNA replication occur in a eukaryotic cell? (ppt-online.org)
There were three theories of how DNA might replication. (ppt-online.org)
Eukaroyotic genomes are so large that replication must occur simutaniously on many parts of the strand to ensure that it is complete. (ppt-online.org)
During what process does replication take place in a eukaryotic cell? (ppt-online.org)
Resection is accompanied by the binding of replication protein A (RPA) to the 3' single-stranded overhangs, which helps recruiting the checkpoint complexes. (cea.fr)
HR comprises different pathways: gene conversion (GC) that accurately repair the lesion by copying the homologous sequence, single strand annealing (SSA) or break induced replication (BIR) that can both lead to loss of genetic information. (cea.fr)
We have reconstituted chromatin replication with purified proteins, which is providing unprecedented insights into chromosome biology. (crick.ac.uk)
DNA replication in eukaryotic cells initiates from a large number of chromosomal sites known as origins. (crick.ac.uk)
We have reconstituted the process of chromatin replication with purified proteins. (crick.ac.uk)
We are using this to understand the mechanism of MCM helicase loading and activation, how the replisome is assembled and regulated by protein kinases and how the DNA replication machinery interfaces with other aspects of chromosome biology. (crick.ac.uk)
Typically plasmids contain the minimum essential DNA sequences for this purpose, which includes a DNA replication origin, an antibiotic-resistance gene, and a region in which exogenous DNA fragments can be inserted. (addgene.org)
Shortening of the 5'-terminus of the daughter strand, caused by the removal of the terminal RNA-primer and the subsequent incomplete replication of linear DNA molecules, is observed during the genome replication occurring upon cell fission. (actanaturae.ru)
Journal Article Genes (Basel) · December 16, 2021 Origins of DNA replication are specified by the ordered recruitment of replication factors in a cell-cycle-dependent manner. (duke.edu)
Journal Article · November 18, 2021 ABSTRACTOrigins of DNA replication are specified by the ordered recruitment of replication factors in a cell cycle dependent manner. (duke.edu)
Local nucleosome dynamics and eviction following a double-strand break are reversible by NHEJ-mediated repair in the absence of DNA replication. (duke.edu)
It has a small (4500 nucleotides) genome that encoding four DNA helicases that are required for viral DNA replication and efficient packaging of single stranded DNA into virions. (utoledo.edu)
Rep78 and Rep68 also have a site specific nuclease activity, residing in an N-terminal structure, that creates a priming site in the template for DNA replication. (utoledo.edu)
The smaller replication proteins, Rep40 and Rep52, require ATP to bind DNA, show no sequence specificity in DNA binding and lack the N-terminal nuclease domains. (utoledo.edu)
Thus, after replication, the new DNA molecule will be checked through stringent proofreading and repair mechanisms. (biologyonline.com)
DNA replication begins with the unwinding of the DNA strands. (biologyonline.com)
The point at which the strands separate is referred to as the replication fork (replication fork is a Y-shaped region in a chromosome that serves as the growing site for dna replication.) . (biologyonline.com)
Eukaryotic DNA replication with Bruce Stillman- BioTechniques. (biologyonline.com)
Know the fundamental structure of DNA and the process of DNA replication in this tutorial. (biologyonline.com)
Also included are topics on DNA replication during interphase of the cell cycle, DNA mutation and repair mechanisms, gene pool, modification, and diseases. (biologyonline.com)
If you asked PostgreSQL users three years ago what were their top ten list of missing features, built-in easy replication and in-place upgrades would have been on every single user's list," Josh Berkus, PostgreSQL core team member, told chúng tôi "Now, with 9.0, we have both of those things. (kientrucdochoi.com)
Berkus also noted that the new replication features in PostgreSQL 9.0 require much lower administration than older replication tools, allowing a single sysadmin or lead developer to manage a large cluster of replicated servers without needing a full-time database expert. (kientrucdochoi.com)
While canonical histones H3.1 and H3.2 are synthetized and loaded during DNA replication, the histone variant H3.3 is expressed and deposited into the chromatin throughout the cell cycle. (aging-us.com)
The dynamic nature of chromatin establishes the access to the genetic material and, as a consequence, influences a large number of biological processes, such as DNA replication, repair and transcription [ 1 , 2 ]. (aging-us.com)
It entails several kDNA replication specific proteins that have been primarily characterized in T. brucei Leishmania and Crithidia fasciculata [2]. (healthandwellnesssource.org)
Recently a 38 kDa protein (p38) of T. brucei [10] was proposed to participate in kDNA replication and maintenance. (healthandwellnesssource.org)
Mitochondrial dna replication, mrna transcription, and protein translation occur independently, including the synthesis of polypeptides encoded. (caisouthern.com)

A family of structurally-related DNA helicases that play an essential role in the maintenance of genome integrity. (lookformedical.com)
Genome integrity is constantly threatened by DNA lesions. (cea.fr)
The three dimensional organization of the genome in the nucleus, previously known to impact on gene expression, has recently emerged as a key regulator of DNA repair. (cea.fr)
NHEJ simply religates the broken ends whereas during HR a DNA break is repaired by copying homologous sequences present elsewhere in the genome. (cea.fr)
During the last decade, the non-random spatial arrangement of the genome into the nucleus of eukaryotic cells, as emerged as a key regulator of genome functions and notably of the propagation of a stable genome. (cea.fr)
CMG then nucleates assembly of a multi-component replisome which must copy not just the entire genome, but also its associated bound proteins. (crick.ac.uk)
In order to isolate a particular gene from human chromosomal DNA, it would be necessary to isolate a sequence of a few hundred or few thousand basepairs from the entire human genome. (addgene.org)
Digesting the human genome with restriction enzymes would yield about two million DNA fragments, which is far too many to separate from each other for the purposes of isolating one specific DNA sequence. (addgene.org)
Journal Article Genome Res · June 2022 Over a thousand different transcription factors (TFs) bind with varying occupancy across the human genome. (duke.edu)
Journal Article Genome Res · June 2021 Though the sequence of the genome within each eukaryotic cell is essentially fixed, it exists within a complex and changing chromatin state. (duke.edu)
Journal Article Genome Res · May 2021 We interrogated at nucleotide resolution the spatiotemporal order of chromatin changes that occur immediately following a site-specific double-strand break (DSB) upstream of the PHO5 locus and its subsequent repair by nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ). (duke.edu)
Journal Article · June 29, 2020 AbstractThough the sequence of the genome within each eukaryotic cell is essentially fixed, it exists within a complex and changing chromatin state. (duke.edu)
Eukaryotic cells compact their large genome into highly ordered chromatin structures within the nucleus. (aging-us.com)
Translation across the human genome reveal that isoforms from the same gene can differ in protein production by two orders of magnitude. (caisouthern.com)
The telomeres are the DNA-protein structures at the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes, which serve to protect and stabilize the genome. (lu.se)

This keeps DNA unwound for the polymerase to replicate it. (wikipedia.org)
Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) is an abundant and ubiquitous nuclear protein that uses NAD + to synthesize a multibranched polyanion composed of ADP-ribose moieties, giving rise to poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR), onto itself or a variety of target proteins. (nature.com)
In eukaryotes the initiation of transcription of protein encoding genes by polymerase II (Pol II) is modulated by general and specific transcription factors. (embl.de)
This published article-format thesis focusses on a recently discovered primase-polymerase, and member of the archaeo-eukaryotic primase (AEP) superfamily, involved in DNA damage tolerance, known as PrimPol. (figshare.com)
In the third chapter, a novel PrimPol binding protein, polymerase delta-interacting protein 2 (PolDIP2), is identified and characterised as a stimulatory factor for PrimPol's primer extension activities. (figshare.com)
Proteins called repressors bind to these regions, preventing polymerase-promoter association, inhibiting transcription. (jove.com)
Nucleotides are incorporated by DNA polymerase III from the 5′ end to the 3′ end. (microbiologynote.com)
DNA polymerase I is responsible for eliminating the RNA primer. (microbiologynote.com)
DNA polymerase, like DNA polymerase, needs an RNA primer to synthesise the new DNA strand and then removes the primer after synthesis is complete. (microbiologynote.com)
DNA polymerase γ synthesizes mitochondrial DNA . (online-sciences.com)
DNA polymerase ε removes the primers of Okazaki fragments on the lagging strand. (online-sciences.com)
4. The leading strand is synthesized continually in the 5' to 3' direction by DNA polymerase III. (ppt-online.org)
Primase synthesizes a short RNA primer, which is extended by DNA polymerase I to form and Okazaki fragment. (ppt-online.org)
Thus, the polymerase in the lagging strand tends to create short fragments (called Okazaki fragments ) that are later joined together by DNA ligase . (biologyonline.com)

Telomeres are specialized DNA-protein structures on the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes. (bioskinrevive.com)
In humans and other eukaryotic organisms, DNA is contained within structures called chromosomes. (elifesciences.org)
An enzyme called telomerase adds structures called telomeres to the ends of the chromosomes, which protect the DNA from damage. (elifesciences.org)
Dispersed between the chromosomes are over 20,000 genes, sometimes separated by vast stretches of non-coding DNA, or that which does not encode proteins. (jove.com)
DNA is present not only in chromosomes in the nucleus of eukaryotic organisms, but also in mitochondria and the chloroplasts of plants. (slideshare.net)
DSBs are first detected and signaled by the DNA damage checkpoint that triggers cell cycle arrest, providing time for the cell to repair damaged chromosomes before entering mitosis. (cea.fr)
We aim to understand how the 46 chromosomes in our cells are precisely duplicated in each cell cycle, how this process responds to DNA damage and how it is misregulated in cancer. (crick.ac.uk)
Over the next 100 years, many significant discoveries lead to the conclusions that genes encode proteins and reside on chromosomes, which are composed of DNA. (addgene.org)
The genetic information in eukaryotic cells is stored in linear DNA molecules known as chromosomes [ 1 ]. (actanaturae.ru)
currently, these chromosomes cannot increase single download the heritage of egypt issue 4 of 6-24h authors. (scoutconnection.com)

Overall, this work defines human telomerase DNA binding and synthesis properties at single-molecule level and establishes conserved telomerase subunit architecture from single-celled organisms to humans. (elifesciences.org)
Threats to genomic integrity occur at the ends of every linear chromosome, including incomplete DNA synthesis by the replisome and the potential for inappropriate DNA break repair. (elifesciences.org)
At the heart of the replisome lie the replicative DNA polymerases which catalyse synthesis of daughter DNA strands with astonishing accuracy and efficiency. (figshare.com)
HTBS recruits HIV reverse transcriptase, which nucleates DNA synthesis and is aided in elongation by murine leukemia reverse transcriptase. (nature.com)
Okazaki fragments are constantly being generated because the lagging strand requires RNA primers in order to synthesis DNA in the 5′ to 3′ orientation. (microbiologynote.com)
These processes are responsible for genetic continuity and protein synthesis, enabling life as we know it. (aboutdarwin.com)
On the other hand, RNA is a single chain of nucleotides primarily involved in protein synthesis following the master plan outlined by DNA. (aboutdarwin.com)
The RNA-primed synthesis of DNA demonstrating the template function of the complementary strand parental DNA . (online-sciences.com)
The synthesis of a DNA molecule can be divided into three stages: initiation, elongation, and termination. (online-sciences.com)
Aminoacyl tRNA synthetases are a class of enzymes that ensure the fidelity of protein synthesis by attaching amino acids to their cognate tRNAs. (utoledo.edu)
Genes are expressed through the process of protein synthesis. (biologyonline.com)
Part of the genetic information is devoted to the synthesis of proteins. (biologyonline.com)
mRNA, a type of RNA, is produced as a transcript that carries the code for protein synthesis. (biologyonline.com)
The genetic code is a system of specific base sequences that specify which amino acids are to be used for the synthesis of a protein during translation. (caisouthern.com)
Protein synthesis is the process of creating protein molecules. (caisouthern.com)
Dna is housed within the nucleus, and protein synthesis takes place in the cytoplasm, thus there must be some sort of intermediate messenger. (caisouthern.com)
Protein synthesis is tightly regulated at each step of translation. (caisouthern.com)
Protein synthesis is a process of synthesizing proteins in a chain of amino acids known as polypeptides. (caisouthern.com)
Three specific modifications, N1-methyladenosine (m1A), N3-methylcytosine (m3C), and N1-methylguanosine (m1G), are abundant in eukaryotic tRNAs and are particularly problematic for reverse transcriptases (RTs) by causing cDNA synthesis to stop or misincorporate. (cdc.gov)

Zinc finger (Znf) domains are relatively small protein motifs which contain multiple finger-like protrusions that make tandem contacts with their target molecule. (embl.de)
The process by which a DNA molecule is duplicated. (lookformedical.com)
In this study, we describe new approaches of subunit labeling for single-molecule imaging, applied to determine the TERT content of complexes assembled in cells or cell extract. (elifesciences.org)
It had previously been suggested that TERT is only an active enzyme when it is bound to another TERT molecule, but Wu et al. (elifesciences.org)
The cytoplasm of prokaryotes contains a circular molecule of DNA with two strands of DNA. (microbiologynote.com)
DNA, a double-stranded molecule, is the primary genetic material directly responsible for development and inheritable traits. (aboutdarwin.com)
It aims at the formation of a copy of the parent DNA molecule for the daughter cell. (online-sciences.com)
Exception - few viruses that contain single-stranded (ss) DNA, DNA exists as a double stranded (ds) molecule, in which the two strands wind around each other, forming a double helix. (slideshare.net)
In the DNA helix, the hydrophilic deoxyribose- phosphate backbone of each chain is on the outside of the molecule, whereas the hydrophobic bases are stacked inside. (slideshare.net)
A method based on atomic force microscopy is used to delineate the properties that determine single-molecule adhesion onto solid substrates in aqueous environment. (cipsm.de)
The combination of a DNA fragment with a plasmid or vector DNA backbone generates a recombinant DNA molecule, which can be used to study DNA fragments of interest, such as genes. (addgene.org)
This means that the new DNA molecule will consist of two strands: one that is newly created and the other is the original strand. (biologyonline.com)
Genes encode proteins, and the instructions for making proteins are decoded in two steps: first, a messenger rna (mrna) molecule is produced through the. (caisouthern.com)

RecQ helicases were originally discovered in E COLI and are highly conserved across both prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms. (lookformedical.com)
Eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms normally contain DNA in a double-stranded state, yet several important biological processes transiently involve single-stranded regions. (lookformedical.com)
Here we show that unlike these groups of organisms, the Euryarchaeota has exploited the potential in the OB fold to re-invent single-stranded DNA-binding proteins many times. (johnshopkins.edu)
Although the diversity shown by archaeal single-stranded DNA-binding proteins is unparalleled, the presence of their simplest form in many organisms across all domains of life is of greater evolutionary consequence. (johnshopkins.edu)
• The flow of information from DNA to RNA to protein is termed the "central dogma" of molecular biology and is descriptive of all organisms, with the exception of some viruses that have RNA as the repository of their genetic information. (slideshare.net)
Chloroplasts, like mitochondria, evolved from free-living prokaryotic organisms that entered the eukaryotic cell through endosymbiosis. (frontiersin.org)
Iron is essential micronutrient for all the organisms because of its ability to function as a protein bound red-ox element. (jnu.ac.in)
Background Trypanosoma cruzi the protozoan responsible for Chagas disease belongs to a group of organisms that branched very early in eukaryotic development. (healthandwellnesssource.org)

Further experiments used a mutant form of the TERT protein that cannot interact with other TERT molecules and found that complexes that contain this mutant protein still have normal enzyme activity. (elifesciences.org)
All eukaryotic DNA molecules are double-stranded and linear. (microbiologynote.com)
Two double-stranded DNA molecules. (aboutdarwin.com)
MicroRNAs are small molecules that bind to and block messages that act as protein blueprints from being translated into proteins. (eviltheists.com)
M phase), each daughter cell receives one of the two identical DNA molecules. (online-sciences.com)
3. Analyze structure of RNA and DNA molecules. (ppt-online.org)
Techniques in chemistry enable isolation and purification of cellular components, such as DNA, but practically this isolation is only feasible for relatively short DNA molecules. (addgene.org)
Thus, DNA molecules have to be replicated prior to cell division to ensure that the two cells after cell division will have the same genetic content. (biologyonline.com)
As scaffolding molecules, they significantly regulate the DNA packaging into the nucleus of all eukaryotic cells. (aging-us.com)
Given the considerable stability of the nucleosome, eukaryotic cells employ a staggering array of interconnected molecular mechanisms that locally modify the electrostatic interaction between the highly basic histones and the negatively charged DNA molecules. (aging-us.com)
Among them the mitochondrial DNA forms a unique network structure known as kinetoplast that is composed of two types of topologically catenated circular DNA molecules: maxicircles (20 to 37 kb) and minicircles (0.5 to 2.8 kb). (healthandwellnesssource.org)

The Bloom syndrome gene (BLM) encodes a RecQ-like DNA helicase. (lookformedical.com)
The six subunit Origin Recognition Complex (ORC) together with Cdc6 and Cdt1, load the MCM replicative helicase as a double hexamer around double stranded DNA at origins. (crick.ac.uk)
During origin firing, the MCM helicase is activated, which involves a remodeling of the MCM ring to encircle single-stranded DNA, accompanied by assembly of a stable CMG (Cdc45-MCM-GINS) complex. (crick.ac.uk)
Through the action of the enzyme helicase , a portion of the helix will "open" as the two strands separate. (biologyonline.com)

During mRNA elongation, Pol II can encounter DNA sequences that cause reverse movement of the enzyme. (embl.de)
At least four phylogenetically distinct groups of bacteria encode repeat proteins with the common ability to bind specific DNA sequences with a unique but conserved code. (uni-muenchen.de)
These grooves provide access for the binding of regulatory proteins to their specific recognition sequences along the DNA chain. (slideshare.net)
One feature of nuclear organization is the existence of subcompartments in which specific DNA sequences and proteins associate creating microenvironments that can be more or less favorable for specific processes. (cea.fr)
The telomeres consist of repeating sequences and a set of special proteins, which interact with these repeats and spatially organize them in a specific manner, resulting in the formation of the nucleoprotein complex known as telomeric heterochromatin [ 6 , 7 ]. (actanaturae.ru)
We shown that this protein has solitary stranded DNA binding capabilities and that it shows a preferential binding to poly [dT-dG] sequences. (healthandwellnesssource.org)

Chapter 4 focusses on the development and use of a gel-based fluorescent primase assay to assess PrimPol's ability to reprime downstream of DNA damage lesions and secondary structures. (figshare.com)
Using the template strand as a template, the enzyme RNA primase creates a five to ten base pair long RNA primer. (microbiologynote.com)

When this enzyme recognizes a nearby transcription initiation site, it begins to generate a strand of RNA, using DNA as a template. (jove.com)
In particular, the formation of the basic cap-binding complex, eukaryotic initiation. (caisouthern.com)

The dynamic turnover of PAR within seconds to minutes is executed by poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase, the main PAR-degrading enzyme, which possesses both endoglycosidic and exoglycosidic activities, thereby enabling a new round of DNA damage signaling 14 . (nature.com)
Some enzymes are made of just one component protein that works on its own, but others are made of multiple proteins that are all required for the enzyme to work properly. (elifesciences.org)
However, many enzymes can bind to different combinations of proteins to form groups (or 'complexes') with a variety of three-dimensional shapes, so there may be a variety of enzyme complexes in the solution. (elifesciences.org)
The star enzyme that plays a critical role in synthesizing new DNA strands by following the older DNA as a template. (aboutdarwin.com)
Dr. Behlke explains that if Cas9 is expressed from DNA or even messenger RNA, the enzyme persists in a cell for a long time, increasing chances of cleavage at nonspecific sites. (genengnews.com)
Studies of the thermodynamics of binding of ligands to glycyl tRNAs suggest that the formation of glycyl adenylate, an obligate intermediate on the reaction pathway, is accompanied by a significant conformation change in the protein that alters the affinity of the enzyme for tRNA. (utoledo.edu)
Author Manuscript and RNA repair protein AlkB-derived enzyme mixture was first used to remove methylations at the Watson-Crick face. (cdc.gov)

A single-stranded DNA-binding protein that is found in EUKARYOTIC CELLS. (lookformedical.com)
Therefore, a future challenge will be to refine the method to allow experiments to use much less protein, which would more closely reflect how telomerase is produced in cells. (elifesciences.org)
Genetically encoding DNA nanostructures provides a route for their production as well as applications in living cells. (nature.com)
The ability to create nanostructures within living cells using DNA has the potential to be a powerful tool for basic biology, biomedical engineering and medicine ( Fig. 1a ). (nature.com)
Although it may seem counterintuitive that it is difficult to make DNA in cells, the production of short ssDNAs with precisely defined length and sequence has proven challenging. (nature.com)
In a report published in the March 2 issue of Cell, the researchers said certain microRNAs-genetic elements that control which proteins get made in cells- are the key to controlling the actions of so-called brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), long linked to brain cell survival, normal learning and memory boosting. (eviltheists.com)
During the learning process, cells in the brain's hippocampus release BDNF, a growth-factor protein that ramps up production of other proteins involved in establishing memories. (eviltheists.com)
Prokaryotic cells, which lack nuclei, have a single chromosome, but may also contain nonchromosomal DNA in the form of plasmids. (slideshare.net)
B cells use unconventional strategies for the production of a seemingly unlimited number of antibodies from a very limited amount of DNA. (cipsm.de)
In the early stages of mitosis (prophase) and meiosis (prophase I), DNA is replicated in preparation for the late stages where the cell divides to give rise to two cells containing copies of DNA. (biologyonline.com)
This is because it is some 5S cells affecting for stable Eukaryotic infection. (scoutconnection.com)

Most unexpectedly, genes coding for similar proteins were found in the genomes of eukaryotes, including humans. (johnshopkins.edu)
The eukaryotic transactivation domain, which lends this group their name, allows them to activate specifically targeted host genes for the benefit of the bacterial invader. (uni-muenchen.de)
Interestingly, other types of non-coding DNA like silencers also associate with genes. (jove.com)
A strand of DNA is comprised of genes and intergenic regions. (jove.com)
Genes themselves consist of protein-coding exons and non-coding introns. (jove.com)
In eukaryotic genomes, genes are separated by large stretches of DNA that do not code for proteins. (jove.com)
Plasmids are fragments of double-stranded DNA that typically carry genes and can replicate independently from chromosomal DNA. (addgene.org)
Plasmids that are used most commonly in the field of recombinant DNA technology have been optimized for their use of studying and manipulating genes. (addgene.org)
The prin2.2 and csp41b-2 single mutants displayed pale phenotypes, abnormal chloroplasts with reduced transcript levels of photosynthesis genes and defects in embryo development. (frontiersin.org)

It is structurally different from TELOMERIC REPEAT BINDING PROTEIN 1 in that it contains basic N-terminal amino acid residues. (lookformedical.com)
The CST binds single-stranded telomeric repeats through OB folds, a common motif in ssDNA and RNA binding proteins (Number 1B) 47. (bioskinrevive.com)
DNA was extracted from each individual candida strain and telomere size was assessed by Southern blot, using as probes telomeric repeats that hybridize towards the terminal limitation fragment 82,83,84. (bioskinrevive.com)
Results By using specific Isosilybin antibodies we found that Tc38 protein from epimastigote components participates in complexes with the poly [dT-dG] probe as well as with the general minicircle series (UMS) a related repeated series within maxicircle DNA as well as the telomeric do it again. (healthandwellnesssource.org)
In addition the Leishmania amazonensis orthologous protein (LaGT2) was later on purified from nuclear and S100 components using solitary stranded G telomeric oligonucleotide affinity chromatography [13]. (healthandwellnesssource.org)
Since telomerase is recruited to and elongates the single-stranded telomeric 3 ′ overhangs, the generation of 3 ′ overhangs is an essential step in the maintenance process. (lu.se)

Here we describe an African swine fever virus (ASFV) protein encoded by the open reading frame 5-AR that shares structural and functional similarities with the family of bacterial histone-like proteins which include histone-like DNA binding proteins, integration host factor, and Bacillus phage SPO1 transcription factor, TF1. (illinois.edu)
The retinoblastoma protein, Rb, is detected in extracts of monkey CV-1cells complexed with Pur alpha, a sequence-specific single-strandedDNA-binding protein implicated in control of gene transcription and DNAreplication. (embl-heidelberg.de)
The heterochromatin-enriched HP1 proteins play a critical role in regulation of transcription. (cipsm.de)
From dna to rna: transcription. (caisouthern.com)

Their binding properties depend on the amino acid sequence of the finger domains and of the linker between fingers, as well as on the higher-order structures and the number of fingers. (embl.de)
Zinc-binding motifs are stable structures, and they rarely undergo conformational changes upon binding their target. (embl.de)
To clarify functions of the Mre11/Rad50 (MR) complex in DNA double-strand break repair, we report Pyrococcus furiosus Mre11 crystal structures, revealing a protein phosphatase-like, dimanganese binding domain capped by a unique domain controlling active site access. (rcsb.org)
These structures unify Mre11's multiple nuclease activities in a single endo/exonuclease mechanism and reveal eukaryotic macromolecular interaction sites by mapping human and yeast Mre11 mutations. (rcsb.org)
We created several deletion mutants of this protein based on its conserved motifs, and from these structures functional chimeras were synthesized, supporting the hypothesis that gene duplication and recombination could lead to novel functional forms of single-stranded DNA-binding proteins. (johnshopkins.edu)
Nevertheless, these enzymes are prone to stalling upon encountering DNA damage lesions and secondary structures. (figshare.com)
The field of DNA nanotechnology has harnessed the programmability of DNA base pairing to direct single-stranded DNAs (ssDNAs) to assemble into desired 3D structures. (nature.com)
Repeat arrays of these proteins have been demonstrated or predicted to form almost identical tertiary structures: a right-handed super helix that wraps around the DNA double strand with the base specifying residue of each repeat positioned in the major groove next to its cognate target base. (uni-muenchen.de)
We determined subnanometer-resolution cryo-electron microscopy structures of eukaryotic ribosome-Sec61 complexes. (cipsm.de)
The larger Rep proteins, Rep78 and Rep68, assemble into stable, hexameric oligomers on specific secondary structures on the 3' and 5' termini of the single stranded viral DNA. (utoledo.edu)
Our studies are aimed at understanding how these proteins assemble on DNA structures and the specificity of their interaction with DNA. (utoledo.edu)
The structures of many DNA quadru- magnetization ( 11 - 13 ). (lu.se)

We show that full-length and C-terminal Nanos proteins bind to RNA in vitro with high affinity, but with little sequence specificity. (embl.de)
Sequence of cDNA comprising the human pur gene and sequence-specificsingle-stranded-DNA-binding properties of the encoded protein. (embl-heidelberg.de)
Working together with others I was able to show that repeats from each group of TALE-likes mediate sequence specific DNA binding, revealing a conserved code in each case. (uni-muenchen.de)
Introns are excised once the sequence is transcribed to mRNA, leaving only exons to code for proteins. (jove.com)
Background Tc38 of Trypanosoma cruzi has been isolated as a single stranded DNA binding protein with high specificity for the poly [dT-dG] sequence. (healthandwellnesssource.org)
A beta-hairpin comprising the nuclear localization sequence sustains the self-associated states of nucleosome assembly protein 1. (colorado.edu)
Minimum size of protein sequence orfs trimmed to met-to-stop. (caisouthern.com)
Explore how a protein is made from an mrna sequence. (caisouthern.com)

DNA ligase joins the cuts in the DNA. (microbiologynote.com)
By the 1970s the combined discoveries of restriction enzymes, DNA ligase, and gel electrophoresis allowed for the ability to move specific fragments of DNA from one context to another, such as from a chromosome to a plasmid. (addgene.org)

Hypersensitivity to DNA damaging agents can be caused by mutations in the RPA gene. (wikipedia.org)
Sometimes these binding sites can be located far away from the associated gene. (jove.com)
DNA methylation and histone modifications play a central role in the epigenetic regulation of gene expression and cell differentiation. (cipsm.de)
CRISPR gene-editing technology is taking biology by storm," points Mark Behlke, M.D., Ph.D, chief scientific officer, Integrated DNA Technologies (IDT). (genengnews.com)
and a DNA repair template, which enables gene replacements and insertions. (genengnews.com)
The arrangement of different protein complexes along the DNA modulates and is modulated by gene expression. (duke.edu)
This elaborate tutorial provides an in-depth review of the different steps of the biological production of protein starting from the gene up to the process of secretion. (biologyonline.com)

The Drosophila Nanos protein is a localized repressor of hunchback mRNA translation in the early embryo, and is required for the establishment of the anterior-posterior body axis. (embl.de)
Mutations affecting the hunchback mRNA target sites for Nanos-dependent translational repression were found to disrupt translational repression in vivo, but had little effect on Nanos RNA binding in vitro. (embl.de)

Nucleic-acid-binding motif in transcriptional elongation factor TFIIS and RNA polymerases. (embl.de)
Endonucleases can begin to degrade at any internal site in a nucleic acid strand, reducing it to smaller and smaller fragments. (online-sciences.com)
The research of my laboratory is focused on nucleic acid enzymology, nucleic acid protein interaction and more recently on the development of modified human albumin for the treatment of shock. (utoledo.edu)
NMR spectroscopy or X-ray crystallography, but important width measurements at a single resonance frequency (or questions remain concerning the energetics, stability, and magnetic field strength), making it difficult to separate dynamics of this structurally diverse nucleic acid class. (lu.se)

In vitro, RPA shows a much higher affinity for ssDNA than RNA or double-stranded DNA. (wikipedia.org)
nanos mutations disrupting metal binding at either of these two sites in vitro abolish Nanos translational repression activity in vivo. (embl.de)
Moreover, PRIN2 and CSP41b form a distinct protein complex in vitro that binds DNA. (frontiersin.org)

DBDs A, B, C and D are the sites that are involved in ssDNA binding. (wikipedia.org)
RPA also binds to ssDNA during the initial phase of homologous recombination, an important process in DNA repair and prophase I of meiosis. (wikipedia.org)
RPA binds to ssDNA in two conformational states with opposing affinities for DNA and proteins. (anl.gov)

Some viral proteins also contain the TFIIS zinc ribbon C-terminal domain. (embl.de)
Pur-alpha can influence viral interaction through functional associations, for example with the Tat protein and TAR RNA of HIV-1, and with large T-antigen and DNA regulatory regions of JC virus. (embl-heidelberg.de)

Because of this dynamic binding, RPA is also capable of different conformations that leads to varied numbers of nucleotides that it can engage. (wikipedia.org)
However, the desired nucleotides must be incorporated into a long DNA with complex secondary structure from which they would need to be cleaved as a second step. (nature.com)
DNA polymerases add additional nucleotides to the 3′ ends of preexisting strands during the elongation process. (microbiologynote.com)
Phosphodiester linkages between nucleotides (in DNA or RNA) can be cleaved hydrolytically by chemicals, or hydrolyzed enzymatically by a family of nucleases: deoxyribonucleases for DNA and ribonucleases for RNA. (slideshare.net)
The order of these 4 nucleotides makes up the genetic code and provides the instructions to make every protein within an organism. (addgene.org)
Another group of enzymes, called the DNA polymerases , will extend the primer, moving along the template strand from the 3' end to the 5' end while adding nucleotides to the previous nucleobase. (biologyonline.com)
DNA is a double helix structure comprised of nucleotides. (biologyonline.com)

DNA/RNA-binding repeats in PUR-alpha/beta/gamma and in hypothetical proteins from spirochetes and the Bacteroides-Cytophaga-Flexibacter bacteria. (embl-heidelberg.de)
Whereas the polypeptide serving this function in bacteria contains one OB fold, the eukaryotic functional homolog comprises a complex of three proteins, each harboring at least one OB fold. (johnshopkins.edu)
This unity of terminology belies disunity in the lifestyles of these different bacteria, and the biological roles fulfilled by these proteins. (uni-muenchen.de)
DNA in eukaryotes is roughly 50 times as abundant as DNA in bacteria. (microbiologynote.com)
Bacteria was grown until all DNA contained 15N as nitrogen source. (ppt-online.org)

DNA polymerases are enzymes responsible for replicating genetic material. (microbiologynote.com)
DNA polymerases I and II are responsible for repairing DNA and filling in gaps. (microbiologynote.com)
After that, the RNA primer is taken out of the way, and the free-floating DNA polymerases fill in the resulting void. (microbiologynote.com)
DNA polymerases require the presence of a primer (i.e. oligonucleotide of RNA with free 3´ hydroxyl group), a template (i.e single-stranded DNA), and deoxyribonucleotides (d ATP , d CTP, d GTP, and d TTP) in order to function. (online-sciences.com)
DNA polymerases utilize one deoxyribonucleoside triphosphate as a source of the deoxyribonucleoside monophosphate for the growing DNA strand by the removal of pyrophosphate. (online-sciences.com)
DNA polymerases, though, can move in only one direction, i.e. from 3' end to 5' end. (biologyonline.com)

For each type of virus, what is known about the roles of DNA methylation, histone modifications, nucleosome positioning, and regulatory RNA in epigenetic regulation of the virus infection will be discussed. (mdpi.com)
Each core nucleosome comprises 147bp of DNA bound to two copies of histones H2A, H2B, H3 and H4. (aging-us.com)

3. Single stranded binding proteins stabilize the unwound parental DNA. (ppt-online.org)

Surprisingly, telomerase reconstitutions yielded heterogeneous DNA-bound TERT monomer and dimer complexes in relative amounts that varied with assembly and purification method. (elifesciences.org)
The center of telomerase has a protein called TERT that forms complexes with other proteins. (elifesciences.org)
The experiments show that these complexes can contain either one or two TERT proteins. (elifesciences.org)
show that even complexes with a single TERT are able to add telomeres to DNA. (elifesciences.org)
Inthe absence of DNA, glutathione S-transferase-Pur alpha binds to p56RB, anNH2-terminal-truncated Rb protein purified from Escherichia coli,containing the T-antigen binding domain, to form multimeric complexes. (embl-heidelberg.de)
Although Sec complexes can form oligomers, it has been suggested that a single copy may serve as an active PCC. (cipsm.de)
Once recruited to DSB, these complexes get activated and induce the phosphorylation of numerous targets including transducing kinases, which subsequently phosphorylate downstream effectors to delay cell cycle and promote DNA repair. (cea.fr)

Using absorption spectroscopy and NMR we demonstrate that the CCHC motifs each bind one equivalent of zinc with high affinity. (embl.de)
Human Pur alpha, expressed as a glutathioneS-transferase fusion protein, specifically binds to the hypophosphorylatedform of Rb with an affinity as high as that of SV40 large T-antigen. (embl-heidelberg.de)
We report here the cloning and sequencing of a cDNA encodinga protein with strong affinity for the PUR element. (embl-heidelberg.de)

Through use of a series of deletion mutants, the DNAbinding activity of Pur alpha is localized to a series of modular aminoacid repeats. (embl-heidelberg.de)
Repeats are in most cases functionally compatible such that they can be assembled together into a single chimeric array. (uni-muenchen.de)

Unless a DSB is faithfully religated by Non-Homologous End Joining (NHEJ), it is processed into 3' single strand overhangs through the action of partially redundant nucleases. (cea.fr)

The associated conformational change and partial occlusion of the DBD-A-DBA-B protein-protein interaction site establish a mechanism for the allosteric coupling of RPA-DNA and RPA-protein interactions. (anl.gov)

A CCHC metal-binding domain in Nanos is essential for translational regulation. (embl.de)
Our results, therefore, place PARP-1 activation as a critical early event for DNA DSB repair activation and regulation of resection. (nature.com)
The cellular response to DNA damage involves an intricate network of enzymes responsible for sensing, signaling, and repairing damaged DNA, as well as the regulation of cell cycle checkpoints that collectively maintain genomic integrity 2 . (nature.com)
Plastid-specific ribosomal proteins (PSRPs) have been proposed to play roles in the light-dependent regulation of chloroplast translation. (cipsm.de)
It seems now clear that posttranslational modification of both DNA repair and checkpoint proteins is of importance for the regulation of their activities but how these modifications are regulated and how they affect the activity of the proteins only begins to be described. (cea.fr)
Dr. Amitabha Mukhopadhyay, National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi- Regulation of Rab proteins by cytokines. (jnu.ac.in)

Furthermore, histones bundle eukaryotic DNA firmly into the nucleus of the cell. (microbiologynote.com)
Histones are evolutionarily conserved DNA-binding proteins. (aging-us.com)
Among these regulatory processes, core and linker histones are subjected to a large pattern of posttranslational modifications (PTMs) that influence chromatin state and DNA accessibility [ 4 - 7 ]. (aging-us.com)
Along with PTMs, the partial or complete disassembly of nucleosomes allows the exchange and degradation of pre-existing histone proteins, with the incorporation of newly synthesised histones onto chromatin that can eventually result in the resetting of previous epigenetic marks. (aging-us.com)
Throughout evolution, eukaryotes adopted a network of highly conserved proteins that buffer the positive charges of histones, maintaining their solubility and, therefore, avoiding aberrant interactions with other cellular components. (aging-us.com)

Each repeat binds a single DNA base, and specificity is determined by the amino acid residue at position 13 of each repeat. (uni-muenchen.de)

Upon activation, PARP-1 synthesizes a structurally complex polymer composed of ADP-ribose units that facilitates local chromatin relaxation and the recruitment of DNA repair factors. (nature.com)
Additionally, the checkpoint kinases modify the chromatin surrounding DNA damages through phosphorylation of the H2A histone (H2AX in mammals). (cea.fr)
Journal Article Nucleic Acids Res · August 20, 2021 Chromatin is a tightly packaged structure of DNA and protein within the nucleus of a cell. (duke.edu)
These dedicated proteins are generally known as histone chaperones and effectively control histone supply and chromatin dynamics [ 8 ]. (aging-us.com)

Unrepaired or incorrectly repaired DNA damage may lead to loss of heterozygosity, mutations, deletions, genomic rearrangements and chromosome loss. (cea.fr)

Several PAR-binding modules orchestrate the relocation of DDR-associated factors in addition to the accumulation of intrinsically disordered proteins through an intracellular liquid demixing mechanism 11 , 12 . (nature.com)
Moreover, the Ku heterodimer helps in anchoring the telomeres to the perinuclear space 28 by a still strange mechanism that involves the small protein modifier SUMO 40. (bioskinrevive.com)
The mechanism of DNA binding is conserved. (uni-muenchen.de)

A bacterial homolog is called single-strand binding protein (SSB). (wikipedia.org)
Monospecific antiserum prepared to the 5-AR bacterial expression product specifically immunoprecipitated a protein of approximately 11.6kDa from ASFV infected swine macrophages at late times post-infection. (illinois.edu)
To our knowledge, p11.6 is the first bacterial histone-like DNA-binding protein found in an animal virus or eukaryotic cell system. (illinois.edu)
RipTALs are effector proteins delivered during bacterial wilt disease caused by R. solanacearum strains. (uni-muenchen.de)
In the case of the RipTALs this work should begin to unravel the role these proteins play in bacterial wilt disease, as a means to fight this devastating pathogen. (uni-muenchen.de)
In addition the TALEs and RipTALs may simply represent one face of the TALE-likes, a protein family mediating as yet unknown biological roles as bacterial DNA binding proteins. (uni-muenchen.de)
Like the bacterial chromosomal DNA, plasmid DNA is replicated upon cell division, and each daughter cell receives at least one copy of the plasmid. (addgene.org)

RPA also binds to DNA during the nucleotide excision repair process. (wikipedia.org)

abstract = "The architecture of single-stranded DNA-binding proteins, which play key roles in DNA metabolism, is based on different combinations of the oligonucleotide/oligosaccharide binding (OB) fold. (johnshopkins.edu)

Stabilizers at heart, these proteins prevent re-annealing (reunion) of single-stranded DNAs before it's their time to replicate. (aboutdarwin.com)
DNA must be able to not only replicate precisely each time a cell divides, but also to have the information that it contains be selectively expressed. (slideshare.net)
8. Meselson and Stahl - How does DNA replicate? (ppt-online.org)
Meselson and Stahl - How does DNA replicate? (ppt-online.org)
Semiconservative-Why does DNA replicate? (ppt-online.org)
13. Since DNA is antiparallel - it must replicate continuously and discontinuously. (ppt-online.org)

TFIIS is a protein of about 300 amino acids. (embl.de)
Proteins are made up of amino acids. (addgene.org)

The zinc finger folds in a conformation termed a zinc ribbon [ ( PUBMED:7626141 ) ] characterised by a three-stranded antiparallel beta-sheet and two beta-hairpins. (embl.de)
The DNA double helix is antiparallel, thus one strand travels in a 5′ to 3′ orientation (leading strand). (microbiologynote.com)

It is increasingly clear that DNA viruses exploit cellular epigenetic processes to control their life cycles during infection. (mdpi.com)

Studying tiny bits of genetic material that control protein formation in the brain, Johns Hopkins scientists say they have new clues to how memories are made and how drugs might someday be used to stop disruptions in the process that lead to mental illness and brain wasting diseases. (eviltheists.com)

Rb binding involves a Pur alpha region with limited homologyto the Rb-binding region of SV40 large T-antigen. (embl-heidelberg.de)

A ubiquitously expressed telomere-binding protein that is present at TELOMERES throughout the cell cycle. (lookformedical.com)
Among them a promoter, exons, introns, and regulatory elements, which together help to determine protein expression in a cell. (jove.com)
In both prokaryotic and eukaryotic DNA replications, one old and one new strand are present in the daughter cell, making them semi-conservative DNA replications. (microbiologynote.com)
Each new cell needs its very own complete set of DNA. (aboutdarwin.com)
Yet, by mechanisms that were never understood, BDNF is known to increase production of less than 4 percent of the different proteins in a brain cell. (eviltheists.com)
Many microRNAs in a cell shut down protein production, and, conversely, the loss of certain microRNAs can cause higher production of specific proteins. (eviltheists.com)
It is the process by which DNA makes a copy of itself during cell division . (online-sciences.com)
Preexisting antivector immunity can severely compromise the ability of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium live vaccines to induce protective CD8 T-cell frequencies after type III secretion system-mediated heterologous protein translocation in orally immunized mice. (cipsm.de)
Journal Article · June 4, 2020 AbstractChromatin is the tightly packaged structure of DNA and protein within the nucleus of a cell. (duke.edu)

DBDs C, D, and E make up the trimerization core of the protein with flexible linker regions connecting them all together. (wikipedia.org)
Due to these flexible linker regions RPA is considered highly flexible and this supports the dynamic binding that RPA is able to achieve. (wikipedia.org)
Electron microscopy, small angle X-ray scattering, and ultracentrifugation data of human and P. furiosus MR reveal a dual functional complex consisting of a (Mre11)2/(Rad50)2 heterotetrameric DNA processing head and a double coiled-coil linker. (rcsb.org)
The BC linker binds into the DNA-binding groove of DBD-B, mimicking DNA. (anl.gov)

Analysis of nanos mutants reveals that a small, evolutionarily conserved, C-terminal region is essential for Nanos function in vivo, while no other single portion of the Nanos protein is absolutely required. (embl.de)

A dna template strand is shown. (caisouthern.com)

The co-chaperone Hep1 is required to prevent the aggregation of mitochondrial Hsp70 proteins. (cipsm.de)
In fact this protein (then named Isosilybin TbRBP38) and the Leishmania tarentolae orthologue (LtRBP38) were proposed as mitochondrial RNA binding proteins involved in non-specific modulation of mitochondrial RNA stability [11]. (healthandwellnesssource.org)

The dual mutant, however, displays a lot longer and unregulated telomeres, indicating that both proteins take part in choice regulatory systems 32,34. (bioskinrevive.com)
That led Mollie Meffert, M.D., Ph.D., associate professor of biological chemistry and neuroscience at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine to track down how BDNF specifically determines which proteins to turn on, and to uncover the role of regulatory microRNAs. (eviltheists.com)
Protein conformation is critically linked to function and often controlled by interactions with regulatory factors. (cipsm.de)
E7 from human papil omavirus type 16 cooperate to cancer: the European prospective investigation into doi:10.1093/carcin/bgp321 PMID:20047954 target the PDZ protein Na/H exchange regulatory cancer and nutrition study. (who.int)

Briefly put, both DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid) and RNA (Ribonucleic Acid) carry genetic information of all life forms guiding their biological functions. (aboutdarwin.com)

No yeast two-hybrid interactions found for this protein. (yeastrc.org)

PARP-1 is rapidly recruited and activated by DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs). (nature.com)
Double strand breaks signaling and repair. (cea.fr)

1. Topoisomerase binds and relaxes the double helix. (ppt-online.org)

Anatomy14

Organisms20

Diseases1

Chemicals and Drugs115

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment28

Phenomena and Processes80

Information Science4

Health Care2

Replication93

Genome15

Polymerase14

Chromosomes10

Synthesis19

Molecule13

Organisms8

Molecules11

Helicase4

Sequences6

Primase2

Initiation2

Enzyme7

Cells11

Genes9

Telomeric6

Transcription4

Structures12

Sequence8

Ligase2

Gene7

MRNA2

Nucleic acid4

Vitro3

SsDNA3

Viral2

Nucleotides7

Bacteria5

Polymerases6

Nucleosome2

Unwound1

Complexes7

Affinity3

Repeats2

Nucleases1

Interaction1

Regulation6

Histones5

Specificity1

Chromatin4

Chromosome1

Mechanism3

Bacterial7

Nucleotide1

Abstract1

Replicate6

Amino2

Antiparallel2

Cellular1

Genetic material1

Involves1

Cell9

Linker4

Vivo1

Template strand1

Mitochondrial2

Regulatory4

Biological1

Yeast1

Double-strand breaks2

Topoisomerase1