• Many of these transcription factors are related to regulation of the cell's progression through the cell cycle and longevity, suggesting that C8orf34 performs a function related to these processes. (wikipedia.org)
  • This process is known to occur only in the cell nucleus, suggesting that some Pandoravirus transcription occurs in that organelle. (virology.ws)
  • Coincident transcription and DNA replication causes replication stress and genome instability. (bvsalud.org)
  • Here, we study FOXD3, a transcriptional repressor enriched in pluripotent stem cells, and show that its repression of transcription upon S phase entry is critical to minimizing replication stress and preserving genome integrity. (bvsalud.org)
  • These results show how a transcriptional repressor can play a central role in maintaining genome integrity through the transient inhibition of transcription during S phase, enabling faithful DNA replication. (bvsalud.org)
  • Our findings reveal that TRAIP works in S-phase to prevent DNA damage at transcription start sites, caused by replication-transcription conflicts. (bvsalud.org)
  • In analyzing the stability of DNA replication origins in S. cerevisiae (see Stable vs. unstable ARSs in mcm1-1 mutant below) we faced the question of whether one set of sequences has more and/or better binding sites of a particular transcription factor than the other. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The activation, differentiation, and development of CD8+ T cells can be affected by numerous inflammatory cytokines, transcription factors, and chemokines. (frontiersin.org)
  • Various cytokines, transcription factors, and other regulatory molecules have been found to be differentially methylated in CD8+ T cells in autoimmune diseases. (frontiersin.org)
  • The activation, differentiation, and development of CD8+ T cells is accompanied by large-scale changes in the coordinated expression of numerous inflammatory cytokines, transcription factors (TFs) and chemokines that are correlated with their survival, effector function, and self-renewal ( 7 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • 2) What are the requirements for DNA replication and transcription at the beginning of mammalian development? (nih.gov)
  • DNA replication, transcription and translation. (entrance-exam.net)
  • The dynamic nature of chromatin establishes the access to the genetic material and, as a consequence, influences a large number of biological processes, such as DNA replication, repair and transcription [ 1 , 2 ]. (aging-us.com)
  • The Nuclear Receptor family is a large group of ligand-activated transcription factors with 48 members presently identified in the human genome. (jnu.ac.in)
  • The involvement of viral DNA-binding proteins in the regulation of virulence genes, transcription, DNA replication, and repair make them significant targets. (mdpi.com)
  • Classification and structure of eukaryotic, prokaryotic and viral genes. (unict.it)
  • These genomes share the structure of eukaryotic mRNA and so the viruses can use some host cell proteins during replication and gene expression which occurs in the cytoplasm of the host cell. (wikidoc.org)
  • Mitotic DNA synthesis (MiDAS) is an unusual form of DNA replication that occurs during mitosis. (bvsalud.org)
  • We demonstrated that DNA synthesis occurs discontinuously only on one arm of replication forks (the arm where the direction of synthesis is opposite to the direction of fork movement) through the repeated initiation, synthesis and joining of Okazaki fragments (transient nascent DNA chains of 40 to 300 nucleotides). (nih.gov)
  • The encoded protein acts as a homotrimer and helps increase the processivity of leading strand synthesis during DNA replication. (scientificlabs.co.uk)
  • The mTORC1, Myc, and noncoding RNA signaling pathways are the primary mediators that work jointly with RNA polymerases and ribosome proteins to control ribosome biogenesis and protein synthesis. (bvsalud.org)
  • Within the cell, C8orf34 is localized to the nucleus and nucleoli where it may play a role in the regulation of gene expression as well as the cell cycle. (wikipedia.org)
  • Within the cell, C8orf34 is expressed primarily in the nucleus. (wikipedia.org)
  • This nuclear localization suggests that C8orf34 protein may have a function related to the expression and regulation of genes in the nucleus. (wikipedia.org)
  • The protein kinase dimerization domain within C8orf34 in combination with its presence in the nucleus may indicate that it is a type of histone kinase. (wikipedia.org)
  • A cartoon of a section of chromatin in the nucleus with replication origins in three different states. (crick.ac.uk)
  • Within 2-4 hours the cell nucleus is reorganized, and by 8-10 hours new particles appear where the nucleus once was. (virology.ws)
  • How does each nucleus cycle independently? (iu.edu)
  • While most molecular biologists thought signaling pathways worked by sensing signals extrinsic to the cell and relaying the information to the nucleus, Elledge was proposing an internal signaling pathway that senses cell-intrinsic events. (the-scientist.com)
  • Eukaryotic DNA has a precise cell nucleus throughout cell development, and subsequently DNA is appropriately organized like a chromosome. (differencey.com)
  • The DNA present in prokaryotes lacks a proper nucleus in the cell and is not properly organized. (differencey.com)
  • The protein encoded by this gene is found in the nucleus and is a cofactor of DNA polymerase delta. (scientificlabs.co.uk)
  • The three dimensional organization of the genome in the nucleus, previously known to impact on gene expression, has recently emerged as a key regulator of DNA repair. (cea.fr)
  • During the last decade, the non-random spatial arrangement of the genome into the nucleus of eukaryotic cells, as emerged as a key regulator of genome functions and notably of the propagation of a stable genome. (cea.fr)
  • As scaffolding molecules, they significantly regulate the DNA packaging into the nucleus of all eukaryotic cells. (aging-us.com)
  • Eukaryotic cells compact their large genome into highly ordered chromatin structures within the nucleus. (aging-us.com)
  • We are using this to understand the mechanism of MCM helicase loading and activation, how the replisome is assembled and regulated by protein kinases and how the DNA replication machinery interfaces with other aspects of chromosome biology. (crick.ac.uk)
  • MCM2 a mini-chromosome maintenance protein, essential for the initiation of eukaryotic genome replication. (affbiotech.com)
  • The protein encoded by this gene is one of the highly conserved mini-chromosome maintenance proteins (MCM) that are essential for the initiation of eukaryotic genome replication. (nih.gov)
  • Prokaryotic DNA should not have any cell nuclei throughout the cell's development, and DNA thereafter does not organize properly as a chromosome. (differencey.com)
  • Single eukaryotic chromosome that bundles the thick pressure stream, encircled at home within an atomic film and is straightforward rather than plump buildings. (differencey.com)
  • http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201410061 ) report that DNA replication initiates at measurable frequency within the telomere of mouse chromosome arm 14q. (rupress.org)
  • thus protecting the chromosome ends from being recognized by the cell as double-strand breaks, in addition to protection by proteins that bind the telomere. (rupress.org)
  • However, at the end of the chromosome, the gap after removal of the 5′ terminal RNA primer on the lagging strand cannot be filled in, and the chromosome may become shorter with each ensuing round of replication. (rupress.org)
  • Sequencing the genomes of multiple, taxonomically diverse eukaryotes enables in-depth comparative-genomic analysis which is expected to help in reconstructing ancestral eukaryotic genomes and major events in eukaryotic evolution and in making functional predictions for currently uncharacterized conserved genes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • These conserved KOGs are often essential for survival and might approximate the minimal set of essential eukaryotic genes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Other KOGs show a variety of phyletic patterns, which points to major contributions of lineage-specific gene loss and the 'invention' of genes new to eukaryotic evolution. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The KOG analysis reveals a conserved core of largely essential eukaryotic genes as well as major diversification and innovation associated with evolution of eukaryotic genomes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • To efficiently extract functional and evolutionary information from multiple genomes, rational classification of genes based on homologous relationships is indispensable. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In each of these diseases, genes that play a role in the proliferation or activation of CD8+ T cells have been found to be affected by epigenetic modifications. (frontiersin.org)
  • These genes are involved in T cell regulation, including interferons, interleukin (IL),tumor necrosis factor (TNF), as well as linker for activation of T cells (LAT), cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4), and adapter proteins. (frontiersin.org)
  • In fact, amplification of genes by over replication of certain regions of DNA is one of the primary mechanisms by which cancer cells become resistant to drug therapy. (nih.gov)
  • The genomes of other chlorella virus isolates are probably co-linear with PBCV-1 and appear to share many, but not all, genes. (uml.edu)
  • Many of these genes encode proteins (e.g., enzymes involved in protein glycosylation) rarely associated with viruses. (uml.edu)
  • Analysis of two highly expressed genes from Chlorella virus PBCV-1: Protein characterization and the DNA sequences of the major capsid protein gene and the early/late 33-kDa protein gene. (uml.edu)
  • Expression and Activity of Methionine Cycle Genes Are Altered Following Folate and Vitamin E Deficiency Under Oxidative Challenge: Modulation by Apolipoprotein E-Deficiency. (uml.edu)
  • The S. cerevisiae ORC binds to specific DNA sequences throughout the cell cycle but becomes active only when it binds to the replication initiator Cdc6. (nature.com)
  • The P. salinus genome is at least 2.77 megabases in length (there is some uncertainty in the actual length due to the presence of repeated sequences at the ends of the DNA), while the P. dulcis genome is 2.47 megabases in length. (virology.ws)
  • Of the 2,556 putative protein coding sequences in the P. salinus genome, 93% have no recognizable counterparts among known proteins. (virology.ws)
  • In analyzing the stability of DNA replication origins in Saccharomyces cerevisiae we faced the question whether one set of sequences is significantly enriched in the number and/or the quality of the matches of a particular position weight matrix relative to another set. (biomedcentral.com)
  • NHEJ simply religates the broken ends whereas during HR a DNA break is repaired by copying homologous sequences present elsewhere in the genome. (cea.fr)
  • One feature of nuclear organization is the existence of subcompartments in which specific DNA sequences and proteins associate creating microenvironments that can be more or less favorable for specific processes. (cea.fr)
  • Researchers found that the RNA sequences they analyzed contained a signature gene called RdRp that codes for RNA-dependent RNA polymerase-a complex enzyme designed to catalyze replication. (icr.org)
  • Bioinformatic analyses of DNA- and protein sequences. (lu.se)
  • Tunability of DNA polymerase stability during eukaryotic DNA replication. (rockefeller.edu)
  • Polymerase chain reaction and CMV antigenemia studies have emerged as the studies of choice in monitoring the status of CMV replication and establishing the diagnosis of CMV disease in immunocompromised patients. (medscape.com)
  • Transient inhibition of RNA polymerase II in S phase reduces observed replication stress and cell cycle defects. (bvsalud.org)
  • Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) is an abundant and ubiquitous nuclear protein that uses NAD + to synthesize a multibranched polyanion composed of ADP-ribose moieties, giving rise to poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR), onto itself or a variety of target proteins. (nature.com)
  • Unlike many viruses they do not have any polymerase in the virus particle as the genome can be read directly as mRNA when it first enters the host cell. (wikidoc.org)
  • What evolutionary advantage does asynchronous mitosis bring to Plasmodium spp asexual replication? (iu.edu)
  • This form of division is termed closed mitosis, and it is considered to be the most ancient mechanism of eukaryotic cell division. (iu.edu)
  • Cell division: binary fission, mitosis and meiosis. (unict.it)
  • Mechanisms for maintaining genetic information during cell division and the generation of genetic variation: replication, mitosis, meiosis, recombination. (lu.se)
  • The histones also regulate how the genome is expressed in different tissues of an organism, a process referred to as epigenetic inheritance. (rockefeller.edu)
  • Cellular studies show the replisome is intimately involved with the inheritance of epigenetic information and cell fate, and the O'Donnell lab is working to understand the mechanistic details of these processes. (rockefeller.edu)
  • These studies can be expected to provide new insights into eukaryotic replication, repair, and epigenetic inheritance. (rockefeller.edu)
  • A new paradigm of epigenetic regulation linking cell. (umn.edu)
  • In recent years, epigenetic modifications have been shown to play an important role in the fate of CD8+ T cells. (frontiersin.org)
  • However, in recent years, the role for epigenetics in CD8+ T cells has been increasingly recognized, with a bulk of the currently available evidence demonstrating the significance of epigenetic modifications in the fate of CD8+ T cells ( 8 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • There are two types of cells, for which animals are called prokaryotes and eukaryotes. (differencey.com)
  • In prokaryotes, only two proteins are required to begin replication, although eukaryotes benefit from constructs made up of completely different protein subunits. (differencey.com)
  • Throughout evolution, eukaryotes adopted a network of highly conserved proteins that buffer the positive charges of histones, maintaining their solubility and, therefore, avoiding aberrant interactions with other cellular components. (aging-us.com)
  • Research from O'Donnell's lab has provided an overview of how the replication machine, or replisome, functions in Escherichia coli , yeast, and humans. (rockefeller.edu)
  • His recent work centers around humans and budding yeast, and understanding the dynamic behavior of the eukaryotic replisome components. (rockefeller.edu)
  • Most cellular proteins involved in genome replication are conserved in all eukaryotic lineages including yeast, plants and animals. (bvsalud.org)
  • Elledge had found that Rnr2 protein levels increased when yeast cells were grown in the presence of agents that damaged DNA. (the-scientist.com)
  • For this reason, the growth and cell division cycle of all eukaryotic cells, from baker's yeast to mammalian cells, are tightly regulated by several conserved signaling pathways that interact with each other. (noorderlink.nl)
  • Using budding yeast as a model organism, our goal in this project is to systematically identify and characterize components of the main growth-regulatory pathways (TORC1, TORC2, PKA and AMPK) that have the strongest effects on cell cycle progression. (noorderlink.nl)
  • Malaria parasites replicate inside the cells of their human host via 'schizogony', which is fundamentally different from conventional binary fission - the replication mode used by most cells from human cells to yeast cells. (europa.eu)
  • His lab studies how the replisome interacts with DNA repair and cell cycle checkpoint machinery, how initiation of replication is directed by nucleosomes, and how replication forks perform nucleosome inheritance, the process by which nucleosomes (the fundamental structural unit of chromosomal DNA) are passed down from parental to daughter DNA during replication. (rockefeller.edu)
  • the region where replication forks terminate directs the mode of separation for the two sibling molecules. (nih.gov)
  • Of particular importance were our studies on DNA replication forks. (nih.gov)
  • During ATR signaling in response to DNA damage, Rad17 forms a complex with 9-1-1 and loads onto stalled replication forks [ 4 - 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Previously it was thought that DNA replication began at an origin in chromosomal DNA adjacent to the telomere repeats, with the replication forks moving bidirectionally away from the subtelomeric origin ( Fig. 1 A ), thus replicating the telomere. (rupress.org)
  • The controlled assembly of replication forks is critical for genome stability. (imperial.ac.uk)
  • These initiation events do not occur synchronously but, rather, occur throughout the S phase in a cell cycle in a reasonably precise pattern. (crick.ac.uk)
  • Acts as component of the MCM2-7 complex (MCM complex) which is the putative replicative helicase essential for 'once per cell cycle' DNA replication initiation and elongation in eukaryotic cells. (nih.gov)
  • Alpha helices are a common motif in proteins that regulate gene expression and may support this function in C8orf34. (wikipedia.org)
  • Failure of mammalian cells to regulate their proliferation cycle leads to cancer. (nih.gov)
  • Mechanisms that regulate development from single cell to multicellular organisms. (lu.se)
  • The results provide quantitative support for major trends of eukaryotic evolution noticed previously at the qualitative level and a basis for detailed reconstruction of evolution of eukaryotic genomes and biology of ancestral forms. (biomedcentral.com)
  • To do this, we use a variety of approaches including genetics, cell biology and biochemistry. (crick.ac.uk)
  • We use a variety of human cell models to understand how the deregulation of normal replication control mechanisms leads to genomic instability and whether this plays a role in cancer biology. (crick.ac.uk)
  • The molecular replicative machinery utilized by the Plasmodium parasite, as well as whether the parasite uses local and global checkpoints to control the timing of DNA replication and nuclear division, remain a major gap of knowledge in the biology of the parasite. (iu.edu)
  • He mentioned this to David Stillman , who was at Stanford to interview for a faculty position, and who studied cell cycle regulation of proteins as a postdoc in Kim Nasmyth 's lab at the MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology in the U.K. Stillman pointed out that ribonucleotide reductase was cell cycle regulated-rather than remaining stable, the RNA and protein levels fluctuate throughout the cell cycle. (the-scientist.com)
  • My laboratory has developed new technologies and applied them towards understanding the molecular biology and enzymology of DNA replication in animal cells and viruses (SV40, polyomavirus, papillomavirus, and herpes simplex virus), and at the beginning of animal development (mouse preimplantation embryos and frog eggs). (nih.gov)
  • Dr. Mukhopadhyay did his doctoral studies in Biochemistry at the Department of Biochemistry from Calcutta University and received the postdoctoral training in the Department of Cell Biology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, USA. (jnu.ac.in)
  • The course is an optional second-cycle course for a degree of Bachelor or Master of Science in Biology and Molecular Biology. (lu.se)
  • Gene regulation in developmental biology and the cell cycle. (lu.se)
  • Their virions (750 nanometers) and DNA genomes (1,259,000 base pairs) were the biggest ever discovered, shattering the notions that viruses could not be seen with a light microscope, and that viral genomes were smaller than bacterial genomes. (virology.ws)
  • In the past, our research focused on viral genomes as models for DNA replication in mammalian cell nuclei. (nih.gov)
  • Initially, MiDAS was characterized as a process associated with intrinsically unstable loci known as common fragile sites that occurs after cells experience DNA replication stress (RS). (bvsalud.org)
  • The budding phase occurs when the multi-nucleated syncytium is subjected to an asynchronous round of karyokinesis, coinciding with the segmentation of dozens of daughter cells known as merozoites. (iu.edu)
  • The change of DNA between prokaryotic cells occurs in microorganisms and archaea, although it has been considered mainly in microscopic organisms. (differencey.com)
  • DNA replication occurs in reverse headings between the two new strands in the replication fork, however all DNA polymerases join DNA within the 5 ′ to 3 ′ course for the incorporated strand that is not far back. (differencey.com)
  • Semiconservative replication occurs before the action of telomerase. (rupress.org)
  • However, the genome can also be copied extremely rapidly during the sexual cycle, which occurs in the malaria-transmitting mosquito. (europa.eu)
  • Aim 1: detailed characterisation, at the whole-cell level, of the asynchronous genome replication that occurs in schizogony and gametogenesis. (europa.eu)
  • These proteinases are also responsible for activating/inactivating specific proteins at the correct time in the virus life cycle and so ensure replication occurs at the right time. (wikidoc.org)
  • Arguelles J, Lee J, Cardenas LV, Govind S, Singh S. In Silico Analysis of a Drosophila Parasitoid Venom Peptide Reveals Prevalence of the Cation-Polar-Cation Clip Motif in Knottin Proteins. (cuny.edu)
  • O'Donnell's laboratory studies these DNA metabolic mechanisms with the goal of understanding how the protein gears of DNA duplication act together with signal processes that function with repair and recombination factors to ensure genomic integrity. (rockefeller.edu)
  • Rapidly dividing mouse pluripotent stem cells are highly transcriptionally active and experience elevated replication stress, yet paradoxically maintain genome integrity. (bvsalud.org)
  • Over the years, TRAIP E3 ubiquitin ligase has been shown to play a role in various cellular processes that govern genome integrity and faultless segregation. (bvsalud.org)
  • The cellular response to DNA damage involves an intricate network of enzymes responsible for sensing, signaling, and repairing damaged DNA, as well as the regulation of cell cycle checkpoints that collectively maintain genomic integrity 2 . (nature.com)
  • Stephen Elledge has built a career studying how eukaryotic cells maintain genomic integrity. (the-scientist.com)
  • Genome integrity is constantly threatened by DNA lesions. (cea.fr)
  • Concerning the maintenance of genome integrity, recent data highlight the importance of nuclear architecture. (cea.fr)
  • Studies the molecular mechanisms of DNA replication, recombination, and repair. (rockefeller.edu)
  • However, the mechanisms controlling their availability during the cell cycle are less well defined. (bvsalud.org)
  • Integrated study of cells and living organisms, with emphasis on the basic mechanisms involved in the following processes: duplication and transmission of genetic information and its expression, development, differentiation, cell proliferation, biogenesis of organelles and cellular structures, interactions among cells, biomolecular bases of behavior and evolution. (unict.it)
  • Cell proliferation: the cycle and related control mechanisms. (unict.it)
  • Mechanisms of interaction between cells. (unict.it)
  • The MSB group, part of the Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute (GBB), aims at generating a systems-level understanding of cellular metabolism (Prof. Matthias Heinemann), growth regulation by signaling pathways (Prof. Andreas Milias-Argeitis) and the regulation of cell division mechanisms (Dr Julia Kamenz). (noorderlink.nl)
  • CD8+ T cells, also called cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL), are one subtype of T cell ( 6 ), characterized by robust production of interferon (IFN)-γ and cytolytic activities via perforin (PRF)/granzymes (GZM) or Fas mechanisms to kill target cells ( 7 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Given the considerable stability of the nucleosome, eukaryotic cells employ a staggering array of interconnected molecular mechanisms that locally modify the electrostatic interaction between the highly basic histones and the negatively charged DNA molecules. (aging-us.com)
  • While the contribution of these mechanisms to cell and tissue identity is widely accepted, their role in physiological and pathological contexts within tissues is just beginning to be appreciated. (imperial.ac.uk)
  • As a graduate student with Julius Adler, I identified the basal body of the bacterial flagellum, develop methods for its purification, and elucidate its fine structure and specific attachments to the bacterial cell envelope. (nih.gov)
  • This designed process helps to prevent bacterial population explosions as well as cycling carbon in the oceanic food webs. (icr.org)
  • We review the similarities and differences between eukaryotic and bacterial ribosomes and the molecular mechanism of ribosome-targeting antibiotics and bacterial resistance. (bvsalud.org)
  • Replication fork activation is enabled by a single-stranded DNA gate in CMG helicase. (rockefeller.edu)
  • In summary, our work provides fundamental insights into DDK structure, control and selective activation of the MCM2-7 helicase during DNA replication. (imperial.ac.uk)
  • Studying RNR2' s regulatory elements, he found those that were necessary to induce the production of higher protein levels in response to DNA damage and identified factors that bind these DNA elements to mediate the response of RNR2 to DNA damage. (the-scientist.com)
  • In response to DNA damage, this protein is ubiquitinated and is involved in the RAD6-dependent DNA repair pathway. (scientificlabs.co.uk)
  • These new genomes are twice as large as those of previously described viruses, and bigger than the genomes of intracellular bacteria such as Tremblaya (138,927 base pairs) and Rickettsia (1,111,523 bp), some free living bacteria, and many free living Archaea . (virology.ws)
  • Several PAR-binding modules orchestrate the relocation of DDR-associated factors in addition to the accumulation of intrinsically disordered proteins through an intracellular liquid demixing mechanism 11 , 12 . (nature.com)
  • Common flow cytometry-based methods used for functional assessment of antigen-specific T cells rely on de novo expression of intracellular cytokines or cell surface activation induced markers. (bvsalud.org)
  • Extracellular staining of these markers highly correlated with production of intracellular cytokines IL-2, TNF or IFNγ in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. (bvsalud.org)
  • 2022. Ribonucleotide incorporation by eukaryotic B-family replicases and its implications for genome stability. (nih.gov)
  • The protein product of the C8orf34 gene is 538 amino acids in length, with a predicted molecular weight of 59kDa and an isoelectric point of 5.9. (wikipedia.org)
  • Molecular modeling and computational analyses suggests that the Sinorhizobium meliloti periplasmic regulator protein ExoR adopts a superhelical fold and is controlled by a unique mechanism of proteolysis. (cuny.edu)
  • The results illuminate the molecular mechanism of a critical biochemical step in the licensing of eukaryotic replication origins. (nature.com)
  • Proteins with this domain are subunits of a multimer protein kinase. (wikipedia.org)
  • Nearly all these proteins are subunits of known or predicted multiprotein complexes, in agreement with the balance hypothesis of evolution of gene copy number. (biomedcentral.com)
  • 2003. Evolutionary connection between the catalytic subunits of DNA-dependent RNA polmerases and eukaryotic RNA-dependent RNA polymerases. (icr.org)
  • The team employs strategies such as super resolution microscopy to observe individual replisomes in real time during DNA replication in living cells, and cryo-electron microscopy of DNA-replisome and other replisome-associated complexes. (rockefeller.edu)
  • O'Donnell's lab recently succeeded in determining the architecture of the eukaryotic replisome, a feat not yet accomplished in a prokaryotic system. (rockefeller.edu)
  • CMG then nucleates assembly of a multi-component replisome which must copy not just the entire genome, but also its associated bound proteins. (crick.ac.uk)
  • The long-term research goal of the lab is to apply computer modeling to gain insight into cellular signal transduction pathways, specifically to provide deeper insight into both the normal and aberrant subcellular targeting of domains contained in proteins which are part of macromolecular complexes and function in various biological processes. (cuny.edu)
  • Project description: Cell growth and division are fundamental cellular processes whose proper coordination is essential for cell viability and organismal health. (noorderlink.nl)
  • DNA replication is the primary event that regulates cellular and viral proliferation. (nih.gov)
  • We were among the first to develop and exploit sub-cellular systems that allowed SV40 and polyomavirus to complete DNA replication in vitro. (nih.gov)
  • The ultrastructural study of the cellular modifications (during the life cycle reversion of T. nutricula) showed the presence of both degenerative and apoptotic processes. (researchgate.net)
  • The ultrastructural study of the cellular modifications (during the life cycle re version of T. (researchgate.net)
  • The topics covered include the appearance of the first genetic material, the origins of cellular life, evolution and development, selection and adaptation, and genome evolution. (cshlpress.com)
  • Calcium-Dependent Protein Kinase 5 Is Required for Release of Egress-Specific Organelles in Plasmodium falciparum . (iu.edu)
  • During the asexual stage of the life cycle, Plasmodium falciparum replicates via schizogony, a division mode that can be divided into a growth phase and a budding phase. (iu.edu)
  • Remarkably little is known about Plasmodium cell cycles, despite a wealth of knowledge on the subject in human cells. (europa.eu)
  • This project will reveal, with unprecedented resolution, how DNA replication is organised in Plasmodium and how it can be affected by changing conditions in the human host and exposure to antimalarial drugs. (europa.eu)
  • To do this, I have developed a method for labelling nascent DNA replication, which was not hitherto possible in Plasmodium. (europa.eu)
  • Cell division is the basis for the propagation of life and requires accurate duplication of all genetic information. (bvsalud.org)
  • The ancestral ORC1b gene, present before the partial duplication of the Arabidopsis genome, has retained the canonical function in DNA replication. (bvsalud.org)
  • The replication of eukaryotic DNA from chromosomal DNA is important for the duplication of a cell and is essential for the support of the eukaryotic genome. (differencey.com)
  • Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) controls the production of the leading and lagging strands, that are required for the duplication of DNA. (scientificlabs.co.uk)
  • Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) is a ring-shaped homotrimer protein that is located at the center of the faithful duplication of eukaryotic genomes. (scientificlabs.co.uk)
  • Here, we have determined the mechanism of inhibition of cell proliferation in TRAIP-depleted cells. (bvsalud.org)
  • The ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related protein (ATR) signaling cascade is an important pathway involved in the checkpoint control mechanism [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • While the huge sizes of the Pandoravirus virion and genomes are amazing, I find three other features of these viruses even more remarkable. (virology.ws)
  • Pandoravirus DNA and virions are synthesized and assembled simultaneously, in contrast to eukaryotic DNA viruses and phages which fill pre-formed capsids with DNA. (virology.ws)
  • In addition, the isolation of virophages has led us to discover previously unknown features displayed by their host viruses and cells. (mdpi.com)
  • 2 Viruses enter into a host cell for replication (the process of producing two identical replicas of RNA, ribonucleic acid or DNA, deoxyribonucleic acid) and take over the cell's biological machinery. (icr.org)
  • Genome condensation and packaging are essential processes in the life cycle of viruses. (mdpi.com)
  • This group consists of viruses which have (+) sense single stranded RNA genomes. (wikidoc.org)
  • This group of viruses express the structural proteins separately from the non-structural ones. (wikidoc.org)
  • This project is elucidating the spatio-temporal dynamics of DNA replication in these contrasting cell cycles. (europa.eu)
  • Mobile DNA elements and the dynamics of genomes. (lu.se)
  • C8orf34 protein lacks a signal peptide to allow it to sort outside of the nuclear membrane or to other organelles. (wikipedia.org)
  • The eukaryotic genome is housed by a double lipid bilayer called the nuclear envelope (NE). (iu.edu)
  • The nuclear genome - Cell organelles. (unict.it)
  • In mammals, mutation of proteins involved in the nuclear architecture (lamins and lamin associated proteins) results in diseases associated with genomic instability. (cea.fr)
  • In this review, we introduce the causes of RS, regions of the human genome known to be especially vulnerable to RS, and the strategies used to complete DNA replication outside of S phase. (bvsalud.org)
  • Introduction to genomic & Proteomics, Structural genomics and proteomics, Human Genome project and other sequencing projects, Biological databases and data mining, sequence similarity search and sequence alignment, Protein structure predication and structure analysis, use of software package in Bioinformatics. (bits-pilani.ac.in)
  • In chromosomal semiconservative replication, the short 5′ RNA primer is removed from the nascent strand and the gap is filled in by DNA that is ligated to the adjacent nascent DNA. (rupress.org)
  • Structural and functional organization of eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. (unict.it)
  • The structural proteins are encoded at the 3' region of the genome and are expressed from a set of subgenomic mRNAs . (wikidoc.org)
  • Here, we outline a novel methodological approach for generating SARS-CoV-2 vaccine using exosome that delivers antigens from the SARS-CoV-2 structural proteins. (bvsalud.org)
  • 2022. Ribonucleotide incorporation by eukaryotic B-family DNA replicases and its consequences. (nih.gov)
  • Through its interactions with other proteins via its BRCT domains, hTopBP1 performs diverse functions [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Towards Predicting Protein-Protein Interactions in Novel Organisms. (uml.edu)
  • These are extremely hazardous for a cell, because if left unrepaired, DSBs can have pathological consequences, such as cell death, or drive cells to genomic instability and tumor development. (nature.com)
  • It was also recently shown that PARP-1 is a sensor of unligated Okazaki fragments during DNA replication 16 and cells deficient in ribonucleotide excision repair are sensitized to PARP inhibition 17 . (nature.com)
  • Genome structure, comparative genomics, and bioinformatics. (lu.se)
  • Resection is accompanied by the binding of replication protein A (RPA) to the 3' single-stranded overhangs, which helps recruiting the checkpoint complexes. (cea.fr)
  • Our current research now focuses on two basic, interrelated questions: (1) How do mammalian cells decide where and when to initiate DNA replication? (nih.gov)
  • d) investigation of cell-cycle checkpoints and replicative responses to the changing environment in the human host and to antimalarial drugs. (europa.eu)
  • Classes for this protein according to Protein ANalysis THrough Evolutionary Relationships (PANTHER) Classification System. (nih.gov)
  • While many of these are non-functional pseudogenes, a few of these gene neighbors are functional and protein-coding. (wikipedia.org)
  • We have previously shown that staining of activated ß2-integrins either with multimers of their ligand ICAM-1 or with a monoclonal antibody can serve as a functional marker detectable on T cells after minutes (CD8+) or few hours (CD4+) of activation. (bvsalud.org)
  • In particular, we still lack an overview of i) which pathway components are implicated in this coupling and ii) which cell cycle phases and processes they affect. (noorderlink.nl)
  • The amount of DNA in all eukaryotic DNA is better maintained than in the other processes and is consistently higher than zero. (differencey.com)