Estrous cycle in rats. Medical search. Frequent questions

Adult female Sprague Dawley rats (8-10 weeks old) housed in groups of three to six were food restricted before training, maintained at 85% of their ad libitum feeding weight (weight was recorded on a daily basis). (jneurosci.org)
We supplemented Sprague-Dawley female rats with 10% w / v fructose in drinking water or with isocaloric glucose solution for 7 months. (springer.com)
Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed (parental, F1, and F2 generations) from gestation day 0 of the parental generation to postnatal day (PND) 6 of the F2 generation to a realistically proportioned mixture of THMs and HAAs at 0, 500×, 1,000×, or 2,000× of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's maximum contaminant levels (MCLs). (europa.eu)
Timed-pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats (Charles River Laboratories, Raleigh, NC) were obtained on gestation day (GD) 0. (europa.eu)

The rats bearing implants of NE in the median eminence-arcuate nucleus region (MAR) showed irregular estrous cycles or prolonged diestrus and their ovaries had few follicles and atrophic corpora lutea. (karger.com)
The effect of the pineal hormone melatonin (MT) on morphological organization of the follicular apparatus and the vasculature of the ovaries was studied in rats after overheating achieving a rectal temperature of 43.5 degrees C. It was found that hyperthermic exposure lead to an increase of the relative areas of the arteries, veins and lymph vessels of the ovaries. (nih.gov)
The female rat has two ovaries that release eggs into the Fallopian tubes, where fertilization happens if she has mated with a male. (qualitycage.com)
Juraska's lab previously had shown in studies using the water maze that rats with high levels of hormones, either naturally occurring in the estrous cycle or with high doses administered into rats whose ovaries had been removed, do less well finding the platform. (eurekalert.org)
Typically, the human ovaries produce a single dominant follicle that results in a single ovulation each menstrual cycle (Fig. 1). (glowm.com)

The study was conducted on 155 female Wistar rats (aged 3 months, body mass--180-200 g), in diestrus phase of the sexual cycle. (nih.gov)
To this end we tested the effect of 1.25 and 2.5 mg/kg olanzapine and 0.25 and 0.4 mg/kg risperidone using female and male Wistar rats in the CAR test. (lu.se)
The present study aimed to determine the influence of orofacial pain in superficial and deep tissue on anxiety levels in male Wistar rats. (bvsalud.org)
Orofacial pain was induced by injecting 50 µ L of 1% formalin in the lip (superficial tissue) and in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) (deep tissue) of male Wistar rats. (bvsalud.org)

The rats implanted with DB in MAR had prolonged diestrus, and their uteri showed decidual reaction, indicating that an α-adrenergic mechanism is involved in the release of PTF from the median eminence. (karger.com)
Compared to vehicle exposure, 5 mg/kg/day PFHxS prolonged the estrous cycle, especially the duration of diestrus, after 42 days of treatment. (researchsquare.com)

The extent and time course of the response to SD did not differ between the two phases of the estrous cycle. (uzh.ch)
The utreri of rats were collected according to estrous cycle phases (menstruation group). (jri.ir)
Estrous cycles start after sexual maturity in females and are interrupted by anestrous phases, otherwise known as "rest" phases, or by pregnancies. (wikipedia.org)

In this study, we focus on the expression of RHAMM in the rat uterus during estrous cycle and implantation period. (jri.ir)
The uterus undergoes extensive remodeling during estrous cycle and embryo implantation (10). (jri.ir)
Together, the results indicate that arsenic disrupted the circulating levels of gonadotropins and estradiol, led to degeneration of luminal epithelial, stromal and myometrial cells of the rat uterus and downregulated the downstream components of the estrogen signaling pathway. (biomedcentral.com)
CONCLUSIONS: The exposure to hyperglycemia in uterus and during lactation caused delays in physical and sexual development, and affected the reproductive physiology of female rats negatively. (scielo.br)

Local Changes in Immunoreactive Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone in the Rat Median Eminence during the Estrous Cycle. (karger.com)

Sleep homeostasis in the female rat during the estrous cycle. (uzh.ch)
To investigate whether sleep homeostasis in the female rat is modulated by the estrous cycle, the vigilance states, EEG power spectra and cortical temperature (TCRT) were assessed on the basis of 4-day continuous recordings. (uzh.ch)
This cycle usually lasts four to five days, with 12 hours of estrus phase, when the female rat is sexually receptive and can mate with a male rat. (qualitycage.com)
A female rat can produce up to five litters annually, each with 6-12 rat babies, depending on her health, age, and genetics. (qualitycage.com)
OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to evaluate physical and sexual development and reproductive physiology in female rat offspring that developed in hyperglycemia conditions in utero and during lactation. (scielo.br)
In order to stagger delivery dates, male rats were paired with more than one female rat between 70 and 90 days of dosing with JP-8. (europa.eu)

A regulatory response was elicited by 6-h sleep deprivation (SD) during the proestrous (PRO) and the estrous (EST) day and compared to the baseline recordings. (uzh.ch)
Proestrous rats, which have high hormone levels, did better when the water was warm, presumably because they were less stressed. (eurekalert.org)
Proestrous rats are fertile and ready to mate, while estrous rats have low hormone levels and won't mate. (eurekalert.org)

Ozbilgin K, Boz B, Tuğyan K, Inan S, Vatansever S. RHAMM Expression in the Rat Endometrium during the Estrous Cycle and following Implantation. (jri.ir)
One difference is that animals that have estrous cycles resorb the endometrium if conception does not occur during that cycle. (wikipedia.org)
Mammals that have menstrual cycles shed the endometrium through menstruation instead. (wikipedia.org)
Therefore, in the present study we established a rat model of endometriosis to evaluate the effect of KTC on the growth of ectopic and eutopic endometrium and preliminarily investigate the underlying mechanism. (hindawi.com)

The estrous cycle (from Latin oestrus 'frenzy', originally from Ancient Greek οἶστρος (oîstros) 'gadfly') is a set of recurring physiological changes induced by reproductive hormones in females of mammalian subclass Theria. (wikipedia.org)
But what factors regulate their reproductive cycle? (qualitycage.com)

Methods: The female adult rats were divided into six groups following estrous cycle determination (n=36). (jri.ir)
In adult male rats, spinal nucleus of the bulbocavernosus (SNB) motoneurons shrink after castration and are restored in size after androgen treatment. (jneurosci.org)
has shown that within rats mosaic for wild-type and defective androgen receptors, only those SNB motoneurons with functional androgen receptors responded to adult androgen treatment with an increase in soma size. (jneurosci.org)
The effect of chronic oral exposure to arsenic at the dose of 4 microg/ml for 28 days was evaluated on adult female albino rats. (biomedcentral.com)

In any given cycle, the dominant follicle must complete all the steps in folliculogenesis in a timely manner. (glowm.com)
Folliculogenesis is the process in which a recruited primordial follicle grows and develops into a specialized graafian follicle with the potential to either ovulate its egg into the oviduct at mid-cycle to be fertilized or to die by atresia. (glowm.com)
1 , 2 , 3 In each menstrual cycle, the dominant follicle that ovulates its egg originates from a primordial follicle that was recruited to initiate growth almost 1 year earlier (Fig. 2). (glowm.com)
The dominant follicle of the cycle appears to be selected from a cohort of class five follicles, and it requires about 20 days to develop to the ovulatory stage. (glowm.com)

These cycles are widely variable in duration and frequency depending on the species. (wikipedia.org)
duration of the estrous cycle, sexual behavior, and fertility after natural mating. (scielo.br)

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Maternal diabetes was induced in female rats by a single IV injection of streptozotocin before mating. (scielo.br)

It is known that RHAMM plays an important role in several cellular events, but the role of RHAMM during estrous cycle and embryo implantation has not been investigated much. (jri.ir)

In contrast, females of species with menstrual cycles can be sexually active at any time in their cycle, even when they are not about to ovulate. (wikipedia.org)
Humans have menstrual cycles rather than estrous cycles. (wikipedia.org)

In species with estrous cycles[citation needed], females are generally only sexually active during the estrus phase of their cycle. (wikipedia.org)
Nalox one-HCl produced a more pronounced suppression of nociceptive behavior in male rats, suggesting that gravity loading may activate endogenous opioids more readily in males than in females. (scirp.org)
Male rats were given 0, 750, 1500 or 3000 mg/kg neat JP-8 daily by gavage for 70 days prior to mating with naive females to assess fertility and sperm parameters. (europa.eu)
The results of these studies clearly revealed that male rats are more sensitive than females to methacrylonitrile treatment. (nih.gov)

Remarkably, rats can begin breeding at just three months old due to their early onset of sexual maturity. (qualitycage.com)
2002. The effects of atrazine on the sexual maturation of female rats. (cdc.gov)

In estrous cycle and on day 4 of pregnancy, the rat endometrial stroma has two morphologically distinct compartments, denominated supepithelium and deep stroma. (jri.ir)
On days 5 and 6 of pregnancy, rat endometrial stroma has five compartments. (jri.ir)
SD rats were implanted with endometrial tissues and treated with KTC for three weeks. (hindawi.com)

Many mammals used in commercial agriculture, such as cattle and sheep, may have their estrous cycles artificially controlled with hormonal medications for optimum productivity. (wikipedia.org)
Rats are mammals. (qualitycage.com)

Estrous cycle influences the response of female rats in the elevated plus-maze test. (bvsalud.org)

In rats, these motoneurons and their targets are necessary for ejaculation and male copulatory behavior ( Sachs, 1982 ). (jneurosci.org)
In this study, sex-related differences in pain responding were investigated in a gravity-induced analgesia model, where the effects of stressful high-gravity loading (1.5G or 2.0G for 10 min) on nociceptive behavior in male and female rats were investi gated. (scirp.org)
M. N. Girardot and F. A. Holloway, "Intermittent Cold Water Stress-Analgesia in Rats: Cross-Tolerance to Morphine," Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior, Vol. 20, No. 4, 1984, pp. 631-633. (scirp.org)

Ten male and ten female rats and mice from each group were evaluated on day 32. (nih.gov)
Designed for inducing convulsions in research mice and rats for epilepsy studies and many more e.g., neurochemical and neuropharmacological research such as evaluating the depressant or stimulating action of drugs on the CNS. (ugobasile.com)
Parameters have been selected as the most suitable range for mice or rats. (ugobasile.com)
The animal cage is available in different dimensions for rats and mice, plus the observational learning version to allow two animals to see each other. (ugobasile.com)

The male rat has testes in an external pouch called the scrotum. (qualitycage.com)
Bucks, the male rats, start producing sperm as early as 10 weeks old but usually reach full maturity around two to three months. (qualitycage.com)
Older rats may experience decreased cycle frequency, but male pheromones can stimulate more regular cycles in female rats. (qualitycage.com)
Whereas there were no significant differences between the female and male rats in response to either dose of olanzapine administration, an injection of 0.4 mg/kg risperidone significantly suppressed avoidance more in female rats than in male rats. (lu.se)
In conclusion, we show that there are sex-specific differences as well as similarities between female and male rats in the CAR test and novel APDs should be tested on female and male rats in the future. (lu.se)
Following estrous cycle monitoring, each A-female (see further for explanation) was transferred to the cage of a randomly selected non sibling A-male of the same treatment group for up to 14 days. (europa.eu)
Male rats were gavaged during cohabitation and returned to individual cages after successful mating. (europa.eu)
Male rats were cohabitated with one female at a time. (europa.eu)
During the 13-week studies, groups of 20 male and 20 female F344/N rats were administered 0, 7.5, 15, 30, 60, or 120 mg methacrylonitrile/kg body weight in deionized, purified water by gavage. (nih.gov)
At the 32-day interim evaluation, a minimal dose-related anemia was evidenced by decreases in hematocrit values, hemoglobin concentrations, and erythrocyte counts in male and female rats. (nih.gov)
Administration of methacrylonitrile resulted in dose-related increases in serum thiocyanate and blood cyanide concentrations of male and female rats. (nih.gov)
There was also biochemical evidence of increased hepatocellular leakage and/or altered function in dosed male rats, suggesting that the liver may be a target organ for toxic effects of methacrylonitrile. (nih.gov)
Minimal, but significant, decreases in absolute right kidney and thymus weights (32-day interim evaluation) and increases in liver and stomach weights (week 13) occurred in male rats that received 60 mg/kg compared to the vehicle controls. (nih.gov)
however, the mortality in male rats administered 120 mg/kg made it difficult to assess the dose-response relationship in males. (nih.gov)

Reporting in the August issue of Behavioral Neuroscience, four researchers show the introduction of a single stressor -- water temperature -- into a water maze prompted opposite responses among female rats with either high or low levels of estrogen and progesterone. (eurekalert.org)
Concomitantly, downregulation of estrogen receptor (ER alpha), the estrogen-responsive gene - vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and G1 cell cycle proteins, cyclin D1 and CDK4, was also observed. (biomedcentral.com)

This rat breeding guide will explore the intricacies of rat breeding cycles in greater depth and discuss their various states and the internal and external influences that affect them. (qualitycage.com)

We evaluated the effectiveness of Kuntai Capsule (KTC) for treating endometriosis using rat model and investigated its preliminary mechanism of action involved. (hindawi.com)

For the study -- funded by a grant to Juraska from the National Science Foundation -- 44 female rats were divided into four groups. (eurekalert.org)
In the rat study, 19 males and one female administered 120 mg/kg and two males administered 60 mg/kg died during the first week of the study. (nih.gov)
This ADI was based on a marginal reduction in body-weight gain at a dose of 100 mg/kg bw per day in a long-term study in rats. (inchem.org)
The NOELs in these studies were 5.4 mg/kg bw per day (expressed as nitrite ion) in a 90-day study in rats, in which hypertrophy of the zona glomerulosa was observed, and 6.7 mg/kg bw per day (expressed as nitrite ion) in a 2-year study, in rats in which effects on the heart and lungs were observed. (inchem.org)

This report evaluates the effect and mode of action of chronic oral arsenic exposure on the uterine physiology of mature female albino rats. (biomedcentral.com)

Provides precise information on the optimum day for mating during estrous cycle in the rats. (ugobasile.com)

M. Kimoto, J. Zeredo, Z. Nihei, H. Yamashita, K. Kaida and K. Toda, "Sex Differences in Antinociceptive Effects Induced by Gravity Stress in Rats," Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science , Vol. 3 No. 2, 2013, pp. 179-187. (scirp.org)

Evidence suggests that long term stress facilitates pain perception and sensitizes pain pathways, leading to a feed-forward cycle promoting chronic visceral pain disorders such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). (frontiersin.org)
L. Aloe, P. Tirassa and E. Alleva, "Cold Water Swimming Stress Alters Ngf and Low-Affinity Ngf Receptor Distribution in Developing Rat Brain," Brain Research Bullutin, Vol. 33, No. 2, 1994, pp. 173-178. (scirp.org)

Female rats have an estrous cycle every four to five days, with the receptive estrus phase lasting about 12 hours. (qualitycage.com)

Relevant cellular senescence markers, such as X-gal staining, cell cycle regulator levels, and the percentage of cell cycle-arrested cells, were found to be reduced in the presence of naringenin. (hindawi.com)
Various cellular senescence hallmarks (the percentage of X-gal staining cells, the mRNA levels of the p16 and p21 cell cycle regulators, and the percentage of cell cycle-arrested cells) were investigated. (hindawi.com)

In addition, we found that the estrous cycle of the female rats did not have a significant effect on the avoidance response. (lu.se)

Animals with estrous cycles often have unmistakable outward displays of receptivity, ranging from engorged and colorful genitals to behavioral changes like mating calls. (wikipedia.org)
A four-phase terminology is used in reference to animals with estrous cycles. (wikipedia.org)
Larger breeds tend to take longer than small ones and malnourished or sickly rats might have delayed maturity compared to healthier animals. (qualitycage.com)
For stereotaxic surgery using rats or other small animals. (ugobasile.com)

It is concluded that despite the marked baseline variations of the vigilance states and the EEG, homeostatic regulation is little affected by the estrous cycle. (uzh.ch)

Methacrylonitrile was nominated for toxicity and carcinogenicity testing by the National Cancer Institute due to its high production volume and extensive use, the lack of chronic or carcinogenicity data, and its structural resemblance to the known rat carcinogen acrylonitrile. (nih.gov)

Rats can reproduce quickly and even sexually mature at a surprisingly young age, so a rat mating season is essentially year-round. (qualitycage.com)
The rat spinal nucleus of the bulbocavernosus (SNB) in the lower lumbar spinal cord is a sexually dimorphic group of motoneurons that innervates the bulbocavernosus and levator ani muscles (BC/LA) attached to the base of the penis ( Breedlove and Arnold, 1981 ). (jneurosci.org)

The results suggest that the orofacial nociceptive response induced by the injection of 1% formalin in the lip or TMJ region increases the anxiety level in rats and that Diazepam ® can reduce it. (bvsalud.org)

Very recently, beneficial effects of naringenin have been demonstrated in old rats. (hindawi.com)
A very recent publication has also provided evidence that Nar has beneficial effects in the livers of old rats [ 18 ]. (hindawi.com)

Galanin is colocalized with GnRH in neurons of the hypothalamus and basal forebrain of female rats, and this neuropeptide may play a role in the generation of the midcycle surge of gonadotropin secretion. (washington.edu)

Estrous rats did better when the water was cold, presumably because they are not as prone to get stressed during this time. (eurekalert.org)

Anatomy25

Organisms18

Diseases6

Chemicals and Drugs62

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment24

Psychiatry and Psychology2

Phenomena and Processes50

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science2

Health Care4

Sprague Dawley4

Ovaries5

Wistar4

Diestrus2

Phases3

Uterus4

Median Eminence1

Female rat6

Proestrous3

Endometrium4

Reproductive2

Adult4

Follicle4

Duration2

Methods1

Embryo1

Menstrual2

Females4

Sexual2

Endometrial3

Mammals2

Elevated plus1

Behavior3

Mice4

Male14

Estrogen2

Influences1

Mechanism1

Study4

Exposure1

Optimum1

Differences1

Stress2

Estrus phase1

Levels2

Avoidance1

Animals4

Variations1

Chronic1

Sexually2

Injection1

Effects2

Play a role1

Time1