Escherichia coli cells. Medical search. Frequent questions

Recently, it has been recognized that membrane-bound ribosomes are crucial for biogenesis of integral membrane proteins in E. coli , thus renewing interest in ribosome targeting to and association with the membrane in this organism. (rupress.org)
E. coli is the most widely studied prokaryotic model organism, and an important species in the fields of biotechnology and microbiology, where it has served as the host organism for the majority of work with recombinant DNA. (wikipedia.org)
Escherichia coli was the most frequently isolated organism (41.5%), and it was highly susceptible to chloram- phenicol, ciprofloxacin, ceftizoxime and amikacin. (who.int)
Escherichia coli is a versatile organism and very diverse. (intechopen.com)
E. coli has also been used as a model organism for most bacteria except a few. (intechopen.com)
Escherichia coli was the infecting organism in 83% of cases. (who.int)

One of the functions of the FtsZ ring is to recruit other cell division proteins to the septum to produce a new cell wall between the dividing cells. (joplink.net)
In Escherichia coli , ribosomes must interact with translocons on the membrane for the proper integration of newly synthesized membrane proteins, cotranslationally. (rupress.org)
Two different periplasmic carrier proteins, AcrA from C. jejuni and a toxoid form of Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin were glycosylated with Shigella O antigens in E. coli . (biomedcentral.com)
The presented data demonstrate that glycosylated proteins can be produced in recombinant E. coli at a larger scale. (biomedcentral.com)
The Escherichia coli cell division proteins FtsY, FtsE and FtsX are inner membrane-associated. (ox.ac.uk)
Commonly known as HEK293 cells they are actually an excellent protein source, especially for secreted proteins. (uni-konstanz.de)
Quite easy to scale up the volume still using attached cells, in special plastic bottles that present a large surface area: thats most useful especially for secreted proteins. (uni-konstanz.de)
There are two main ways to express your gene in HEK293 cells: Producing intracellular proteins in HEK293 cells requires to grow the cells in suspension which can be a bit more of an art and requires a CO2 shaking incubator. (uni-konstanz.de)
This combination inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to penicillin-binding proteins. (medscape.com)
In this direction, our first immuno-proteomic study on MI led to the identification of 33 immunoreactive proteins, including 4 secretory, 6 associated with the cell wall, 11 membranous, and 12 cytosolic. (cdc.gov)
In the present study, we generated soluble recombinant forms of 3 cell wallassociated proteins (arbitrarily designated antigens A through C [Ag A through Ag C]) and 2 secretory proteins (Ag D and Ag E) in Escherichia coli Rosetta Blue (DE3) cells. (cdc.gov)

Ren Q, Henes B, Fairhead M, Thöny-Meyer L. High level production of tyrosinase in recombinant Escherichia coli. (harvard.edu)
In vivo enzymatic coupling using the general glycosylation pathway of Campylobacter jejuni in recombinant Escherichia coli has been suggested as a simpler method for producing conjugate vaccines. (biomedcentral.com)

Frederick C. Neidhardt AND H. Edwin Umbarger, Chemical Composition of Escherichia coli, chapter 3 table 1 in Neidhardt F.C. Escherichia coli and Salmonella: Cellular and Molecular Biology. (harvard.edu)
In this study, the molecular basis of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium flagella binding to epithelial cell cultures was investigated. (ed.ac.uk)
In addition, the presence of available nutrients in necrotic tumor tissues attracts facultative anaerobes like Salmonella and Escherichia to the cancerous site via chemotaxis. (nature.com)
Moreover, genetically diverse commensal and pathogenic E. coli strains and Salmonella typhimurium responded with cell filamentation and modulation in colony morphotype formation to CapV Q329R expression. (nih.gov)

Using an E. coli strain deficient with ALKB, we found that ALKBH6 complements ALKB deficiency and increases resistance after alkylating agent treatment. (frontiersin.org)
The adherence of EPEC strain E2348/69 on HEp-2 and Caco-2 cells, in the presence of fructooligosaccharides, inulin, galactooligosaccharides (GOS), lactulose, and raffinose was determined by cultural enumeration and microscopy. (unl.edu)
Tryptophan requirement in the Escherichia coli strain (Tryptophan operon). (europa.eu)

This work reports the formulation of a semi-defined medium that enabled aerobic high cell density cultivation of Escherichia coli DH5α (ATCC 53868) in shake flasks. (peerj.com)
High cell density cultivation (HCDC) is developed for the production of microbial biomasses and their products. (pfeiffertheface.com)
What is high cell density cultivation? (pfeiffertheface.com)
High-cell-density cultivation (HCDC) is required to improve microbial biomass and product formation substantially. (pfeiffertheface.com)

Our results with E. coli , in conjunction with recent observations made with the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae , raise the possibility that the SRP receptor-mediated formation of intracellular membrane networks is governed by evolutionarily conserved principles. (rupress.org)
At 48 hours, an OD 600nm of 11 was attained with yeast extract providing the necessary nutrients for cell growth and biomass formation. (peerj.com)

Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) O157:H7 based on characterization of whole bacterial genomes by infections have substantial medical, public health, and using macrorestriction digestion patterns that are separated economic effects ( 1 , 2 ). (cdc.gov)
In Germany, E . coli O157:H7, which is the most frequent ased by subjective interpretation of band patterns ( 7 , 8 ). (cdc.gov)
Motor mutants of E. coli O157:H7 and S. Typhimurium caused reduced haemolysis compared to wild-type, indicating that membrane disruption was in part due to flagella rotation. (ed.ac.uk)
Flagella from E. coli O157 (H7), EPEC O127 (H6) and S. Typhimurium (P1 and P2 flagella) were shown to bind to purified intracellular components of the actin cytoskeleton and directly increase in vitro actin polymerization rates. (ed.ac.uk)
We propose that flagella interactions with host cell membranes and cytoskeletal components may help prime intimate attachment and invasion for E. coli O157:H7 and S. Typhimurium, respectively. (ed.ac.uk)

Previous in vivo studies indicated that unlike the E. coli signal recognition particle (SRP), the SRP receptor FtsY is required for membrane targeting of ribosomes. (rupress.org)
Here we show that in cells depleted of the SRP protein, Ffh or the translocon component SecE, the ribosomal targeting pathway is blocked downstream and unprecedented, membrane-bound FtsY-ribosomal complexes are captured. (rupress.org)
Membrane-bound ribosomes in E. coli were extensively studied over 20 years ago. (rupress.org)
E. coli stains Gram-negative because its cell wall is composed of a thin peptidoglycan layer and an outer membrane. (wikipedia.org)
The outer membrane surrounding the cell wall provides a barrier to certain antibiotics such that E. coli is not damaged by penicillin. (wikipedia.org)
Flagella interactions with host cell surfaces were intimate and crossed cellular boundaries as demarcated by actin and membrane labelling. (ed.ac.uk)
The outer membrane lipoprotein of the Escherichia coli cell envelope has characteristic lipid modifications at an amino-terminal cysteine and can exist in a form bound covalently to the peptidoglycan through a carboxyl-terminal lysine. (rcsb.org)
It seems that NR reduction is largely taking place within the cytoplasmic membrane of the bacterial cells, serving as a substrate of enzymes that typically reduce quinones. (uconn.edu)
These results are in agreement with the hypothesis that FtsE may act at the inner membrane, in a "septalsome" complex, by coupling ATP hydrolysis to the process of bacterial cell division. (ox.ac.uk)

E.coli strains: DH5a (E. coli Genetic Stock Center), BLR (Novagen) and JM109 (New England BioLabs). (harvard.edu)
Fecal Microbiota Transplantation, Commensal Escherichia coli and Lactobacillus johnsonii Strains Differentially Restore Intestinal and Systemic Adaptive Immune Cell Populations Following Broad-spectrum Antibiotic Treatment. (uni-kiel.de)
O157:H- (nonmotile) strains cause 20% of all cases of chia coli (EHEC) O157. (cdc.gov)
Most E. coli strains are harmless, but some serotypes such as EPEC, and ETEC are pathogenic and can cause serious food poisoning in their hosts, and are occasionally responsible for food contamination incidents that prompt product recalls. (wikipedia.org)
For example, some strains of E. coli benefit their hosts by producing vitamin K2 or by preventing the colonization of the intestine by pathogenic bacteria. (wikipedia.org)
E. coli and other facultative anaerobes constitute about 0.1% of gut microbiota, and fecal-oral transmission is the major route through which pathogenic strains of the bacterium cause disease. (wikipedia.org)
To make this possible in Eshcrichia coli, which is one of the best organisms to understand cellular systems comprehensively based on the vast amount of accumulation of biological knowledge, we setup an easy and reliable system for construction double knockout strains by conjugation and for analysis of their growth effects. (cam.ac.uk)

By repressing the expression of the genes involved in metabolizing the less preferred sugars, cells will usually first consume the sugar yielding the highest growth rate, followed by the sugar yielding the next highest growth rate, and so on. (wikipedia.org)
However, prior to commitment, it has been cells, it is evident that GATA-1 and PU.1 are able to specify observed that many genes are expressed at intermediate or basal erythroid and myeloid cell fates (see [16] and references therein). (lu.se)
The cell division genes ftsY, ftsE and ftsX form an operon mapping at 76 min on the Escherichia coli chromosome. (ox.ac.uk)

While investigating the physiological roles of serine deamination in different growth conditions, we discovered that Escherichia coli cells lacking the sdaCB operon, which encodes the serine transporter SdaC and the serine deaminase SdaB, lyse upon glucose depletion in a medium containing no exogenous serine but all other amino acids and nucleobases. (fredhutch.org)

Extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli ( ExPEC ) is one of the leading causes of bloodstream infections in a broad spectrum of birds and mammals , thus poses a great threat to public health , while its underlying mechanism causing sepsis is not fully understood. (bvsalud.org)
The interaction between A‐type interflavan bonds from cranberry proanthocyanidins (PAC) and surface virulence factors of extra‐intestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) was studied. (researchgate.net)

Since many pathways in mixed-acid fermentation produce hydrogen gas, these pathways require the levels of hydrogen to be low, as is the case when E. coli lives together with hydrogen-consuming organisms, such as methanogens or sulphate-reducing bacteria. (wikipedia.org)
Bacteria dynamically regulate cell size and growth to thrive in changing environments. (nature.com)
In rod-shaped bacteria, morphological plasticity occurs in response to stress, which blocks cell division to promote filamentation. (nih.gov)
This type of UTI is usually caused by Escherichia coli (E. coli), a type of bacteria commonly found in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. (pfeiffertheface.com)
Reliable studies, showing negative results with and without metabolic activation, are available on genetic toxicity in bacteria and mammalian cells. (europa.eu)
Escherichia coli was the most commonly isolated bacteria followed by Klebsiella . (bmj.com)
Cranberry proanthocyanidins (PAC) contain unusual double A-type linkages, which are associated with strong interactions with surface virulence factors found on UTI-causing bacteria such as extra-intestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (E. (researchgate.net)

Calculated for an average cell of E. coli B/r at 37 degrees celsius in aerobic glucose with a 40 minute mass doubling time. (harvard.edu)
specifically, higher cell yield as well as a shorter diauxic lag phase and total culture period achieved through a small reduction in D-Glucose and NH 4 Cl concentrations in the medium composition. (peerj.com)
Although the EDP is the more thermodynamically favourable of the three pathways, E. coli do not use the EDP for glucose metabolism, relying mainly on the EMPP and the OPPP. (wikipedia.org)
Furthermore, it seems that under the experimental conditions used here, E. coli 's catabolism of glucose is rather inefficient. (uconn.edu)
The standard procedure for growing E. coli cells to high cell densities is the fed-batch technique, where the carbon substrate, e.g. glucose, controls the growth as a limiting factor. (pfeiffertheface.com)

Under the conditions of the study the test material did not induce a significant level of chromosome aberrations in Chinese hamster V79 cells either with or without metabolic activation. (europa.eu)
Macromolecular synthesis (chromosome structure, cell division and its control). (lu.se)

The role of Ser 167 of Escherichia coli thymidylate synthase (TS) in catalysis has been characterized by kinetic and crystallographic studies. (rcsb.org)
In contrast, coexpression of GLD with the proteinaceous electron transfer components of P450cam resulted in about tenfold improvement in the substrate conversion, implying that the whole cell biocatalyst utilized molecular oxygen, endogenous NADH, and glycerol in the cell for catalysis. (elsevierpure.com)

The experimental part focus on the model organisms, Bacillus subtilis , Escherichia coli and Streptomyces coelicolor . (lu.se)

Phylogenetic Analysis of Enterohemorrhagic E . coli plifi ed by using PCRs, and resulting fragments are sized amplicons obtained with primers FSa1 and rFSa1 ( 29 , 30 ) to determine the number of repeats. (cdc.gov)
Shiga toxin 2 from enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli is the etiologic agent of bloody diarrhea, hemolytic uremic syndrome and derived encephalopathies that may result to death in patients. (biomedcentral.com)
Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) is an illness characterized by a triad of events that include nonimmune haemolytic anaemia, thrombocytopenia and acute renal failure caused by Shiga toxin 2 (Stx2) from enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC). (biomedcentral.com)

Physiology of the Bacterial Cell: a Molecular Approach. (harvard.edu)
These growth strategies, together with optimization of media composition and the application of molecular biology methods, made it possible to grow E. coli to cell densities of up to 190 g/l (dry weight), while avoiding media precipitation and preventing acetate accumulation. (pfeiffertheface.com)
Both enzymes were purified from E. coli cells and partially characterized by determining their specific activity, apparent molecular weight and pI. (lu.se)
Many molecular components involved in plant cell wall polymer synthesis have been identified, but it remains largely unknown how these molecular players function together to define the length and decoration pattern of a polysaccharide. (mdpi.com)

Here, we evaluated the efficacy of BC-, nanosilver-amended biochar- (Ag-BC) and ZVI-sand filters, in reducing contaminants of emerging concern (CECs), Escherichia coli (E. coli) and total bacterial diversity from wastewater effluent. (springer.com)
Recombinant COMT was produced in Escherichia coli up to 10% of total bacterial protein after the induction of the T7 RNA polymerase gene with isopropyl-β-d-thiogalactopyranoside. (lu.se)

Sufficient quantities of cells of consistent characteristics are needed for studying biologicalprocesses (at the population level ) in many areas of applied microbiology. (peerj.com)

Overall, our data suggest that ALKBH6 is required to maintain the integrity of the genome and promote cell survival of pancreatic cancer cells. (frontiersin.org)
I would like to summarize our analyses after genome project of E. coli and will report the present situation in Systems approaches, focusing on genetic interaction. (cam.ac.uk)

Our recent study using a murine alveolar macrophage cell line demonstrated that MI can multiply intracellularly and induce inflammatory mediators implicated in HP.6 Hence, machinists repeatedly exposed to the inciting mycobacterial antigens, preformed or generated de novo during infection, are at risk for developing HP. (cdc.gov)

What is Escherichia coli in urine culture? (pfeiffertheface.com)
This case-control study was performed with diabetes mellitus, sickle-cell trait or a on 100 women with positive urine culture past history of UTI. (who.int)

Aim of this study was to examine the ability of defined Gram-positive and Gram-negative intestinal commensal bacterial species, namely Escherichia coli and Lactobacillus johnsonii, respectively, to restore immune functions in mice that were immunosuppressed by antibiotics-induced microbiota depletion. (uni-kiel.de)
Meanwhile less efficient than FMT, both species increased the frequencies of regulatory T cells and activated dendritic cells and completely restored intestinal memory/effector T cell populations at d28. (uni-kiel.de)
However, defined intestinal commensals such as E. coli and L. johnsonii have the potential to restore individual functions of intestinal and systemic immunity. (uni-kiel.de)

You need standard cell culture equipment that in most cases is available in any biology department. (uni-konstanz.de)
The book has been divided into four main sections representing the different facets of E. coli applications, which include disease, biotechnology, environmental engineering and innovative approaches to detection, and lastly its physiology and cell biology. (intechopen.com)

In doing so the cells ensure that their limited metabolic resources are being used to maximize the rate of growth. (wikipedia.org)

Porcine extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli delivers two serine protease autotransporters coordinately optimizing the bloodstream infection. (bvsalud.org)
Together, our results reveal that the serine transporter SdaC plays a critical role in maintaining amino acid homeostasis during shifts in nutrient availability in E. coli . (fredhutch.org)

It interferes with bacterial cell wall synthesis during active replication, causing bactericidal activity against susceptible organisms. (medscape.com)

Protein expression Collagen peptide Human skin fibroblasts cells UVA. (ajol.info)
In this study, we reported the cloning and over expression of a gene coding for human collagen peptide (CP6) in Escherichia coli and investigated the protective effects of CP6 on UVA-irradiated human skin fibroblasts cells. (ajol.info)

Escherichia coli (/ˌɛʃəˈrɪkiə ˈkoʊlaɪ/ ESH-ə-RIK-ee-ə KOH-ly) is a Gram-negative, facultative anaerobic, rod-shaped, coliform bacterium of the genus Escherichia that is commonly found in the lower intestine of warm-blooded organisms. (wikipedia.org)
Cells are able to survive outside the body for a limited amount of time, which makes them potential indicator organisms to test environmental samples for fecal contamination. (wikipedia.org)
E. coli and Klebsiella are the common organisms isolated. (bmj.com)

Purified GOS exhibited the greatest adherence inhibition on both HEp-2 and Caco-2 cells, reducing the adherence of EPEC by 65 and 70%, respectively. (unl.edu)
These observations suggest that some prebiotic oligosaccharides may have antiadhesive activity and directly inhibit the adherence of pathogens to the host epithelial cell surface. (unl.edu)

However, generating the requisite biomass by cell culture is usually the rate-limiting step of a project given the relatively low biomass yield of many commercial culture media in shake flask culture systems. (peerj.com)

Front Cell Infect Microbiol;13: 1138801, 2023. (bvsalud.org)

Clagett-Dame, M & Repa, JJ 1997, ' Generating and characterizing retinoid receptors from Escherichia coli and insect cell expression systems ', Methods in Enzymology , vol. 282, pp. 13-24. (elsevierpure.com)
Contrary to urban legend, they are significantly cheaper than insect cells to culture. (uni-konstanz.de)
contrary to insect cells, the DNA can be used directly for transient transfections . (uni-konstanz.de)

After induction glycoconjugates generally appeared later than unglycosylated carrier protein, suggesting that glycosylation was the rate-limiting step for synthesis of conjugate vaccines in E. coli . (biomedcentral.com)
Glycoconjugate synthesis, in particular expression of oligosaccharyltransferase PglB, strongly inhibited growth of E. coli cells after induction, making it necessary to separate biomass growth and recombinant protein expression phases. (biomedcentral.com)
Penicillin G interferes with the synthesis of cell wall mucopeptide during active multiplication, resulting in bactericidal activity against susceptible microorganisms. (medscape.com)

While the vast majority of these enzymes display broad activity towards canonical dNTPs, exemplified by Sterile Alpha Motif (SAM) and Histidine-aspartate (HD) domain-containing protein 1 (SAMHD1), which blocks reverse transcription of retroviruses in macrophages by maintaining dNTP pools at low levels, Escherichia coli (Ec)- dGTPase is the only known enzyme that specifically hydrolyzes dGTP. (biorxiv.org)

The only previously reported site of interaction between E. coli cells and NR is at the hydrogenases. (uconn.edu)

Des prélèvements d'urine ont fait l'objet d'un examen microbi- ologique (examen au microscope et mise en culture) à la recherche d'une infection urinaire, et des tests de sensibilité ont été réalisés avec divers antibiotiques pour les germes isolés. (who.int)
coli can cause an infection even if you ingest only small amounts. (pfeiffertheface.com)
coli , no current treatments can cure the infection, relieve symptoms or prevent complications. (pfeiffertheface.com)

We demonstrate here that overexpression of the patatin-like phospholipase variant CapV Q329R , but not CapV, causes pronounced sulA-independent pyridoxine-inhibited cell filamentation in the Escherichia coli K-12-derivative MG1655 associated with restriction of flagella production and swimming motility. (nih.gov)

Conventional mice were subjected to broad-spectrum antibiotic treatment for 8 weeks and perorally reassociated with E. coli, L. johnsonii or with a complex murine microbiota by fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT). (uni-kiel.de)
E. coli is expelled into the environment within fecal matter. (wikipedia.org)
As an important indicator of fecal contamination, E. coli has been used by many organizations to establish guidelines and standards for irrigation water quality. (springer.com)

1. Equipped with HlyE, EcNe significantly caused tumor regression in mice xenografted with human colorectal cancer cells. (nature.com)

To understand the dynamics of bacterial growth physiology and size control in dynamic nutrient environments, we have developed a coarse-grained proteome sector model which connects gene expression to growth rate and division control, and accurately predicts the cell-level E. coli response to nutrient perturbations in both exponential and stationary phase seen in experimental data 5 , 25 . (nature.com)

In such environments, cell size and growth are regulated by trade-offs between prioritization of biomass accumulation or division, resulting in decoupling of single-cell growth rate from population growth rate. (nature.com)

1994. Investigations of the genotoxicity and cell proliferative activity of dichlorvos in mouse forestomach. (cdc.gov)

Systemic sublethal administration of Shiga toxin 2 produced a deterioration of the cells that integrate the vascular unit displaying astrocytic and microglial reactive profiles, while edema and lipid peroxidation were also observed. (biomedcentral.com)

On the other hand, the maximum OD 600nm of E. coli grown in three commonly used complex media: Nutrient Broth, LB Lennox, and Tryptic Soy Broth (TSB) were 1.4, 3.2 and 9.2, respectively, under identical culture conditions. (peerj.com)

Herein, we report a facile way to significantly enhance the catalytic efficiency of the P450cam system by the coupling of its native electron transfer system with enzymatic NADH regeneration catalyzed by glycerol dehydrogenase (GLD) in Escherichia coli whole cell biocatalysts. (elsevierpure.com)
The present approach may also be useful for E. coli whole cell biocatalysts with the other NADH-dependent oxygenases and oxidoreductases. (elsevierpure.com)

Rosetta and Rosetta 2 cells (available from Novagen) are designed to overcome this problem. (uni-konstanz.de)

Analyses at days (d) 7 and 28 revealed that immune cell populations in the small and large intestines, mesenteric lymph nodes and spleens of mice were decreased after antibiotic treatment but were completely or at least partially restored upon FMT or by recolonization with the respective bacterial species. (uni-kiel.de)
Remarkably, L. johnsonii recolonization resulted in the highest CD4+ and CD8+ cell numbers in the small intestine and spleen, whereas neither of the commensal species could stably restore those cell populations in the colon until d28. (uni-kiel.de)

Periodically 'cleansed' of spontaneous mutants: Prior to dose-range finding and mutagenicity testing, the mouse lymphoma cells were grown for 1 day in R10-medium containing hypoxanthine, aminopterine and thymidine to reduce the amount of spontaneous mutants, followed by a recovery period of 2 days on R10-medium containing hypoxanthine and thymidine only. (europa.eu)

In the current work, the deleterious effects of Shiga toxin 2 and lipopolysaccharide are investigated in detail in hippocampal cells for the first time in a translational murine model, providing conclusive evidences on how these toxins may damage in the observed clinic cases. (biomedcentral.com)

While dNTPases display activity towards dNTPs, such as SAMHD1 -which blocks reverse transcription of HIV-1 in macrophages- Escherichia coli (Ec)-dGTPase is the only known enzyme that specifically hydrolyzes dGTP. (biorxiv.org)

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