• In contrast to the essential and beneficial role of most E coli isolates in the human intestine, pathogenic E coli are responsible for a broad spectrum of human disease. (medscape.com)
  • A randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) marker, localised to the glycine decarboxylase gene ( gcvP ) of Escherichia coli , has shown promise for use as a molecular marker for the identification E. coli isolates of human origin. (iwaponline.com)
  • Multiplex PCR was performed on E. coli isolates from each sample site using the marker-specific primers in conjunction with primers directed towards a region of the β-glucuronidase ( gusA ) gene which served as an internal PCR control. (iwaponline.com)
  • We isolated and whole-genome sequenced up to five colonies of faecal E. coli from 66 asymptomatic children aged three-to-five years in rural Gambia (n = 88 isolates from 21 positive stools). (peerj.com)
  • Several isolates encode putative virulence factors commonly found in Enteropathogenic and Enteroaggregative E. coli, and 53% of the isolates encode resistance to three or more classes of antimicrobials. (peerj.com)
  • These factors were evaluated in various phylogenetic groups (phylotypes) of E. coli isolates. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The ability of extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) production in E. coli isolates was detected using the combined disc diffusion method. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This study's results confirmed an explosion of antibiotic resistance amongst E. coli isolates from UTI against β-lactams and fluoroquinolones. (biomedcentral.com)
  • 4- Results 4.1The prevalence of E. coli isolates according to a source of water The results showed that there was a high frequency of E. coli isolates in tap water 40/46 (86.9%) and low frequency of isolates in Tank 1/46 (2.2%) as showed in figure 4-1. (bartleby.com)
  • Figure 4-1: The prevalence of E. coli isolates according to a source of water. (bartleby.com)
  • According to molecular detection, 9 E. coli isolates exhibited presence of fliC gene, ehlyA and eaeA gene. (abrinternationaljournal.org)
  • Epidemic profile of Shiga-toxin-producing Escherichia coli O104:H4 outbreak in Germany. (medscape.com)
  • The role of environmental transmission of typically foodborne pathogens like Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) O157 is increasingly recognized. (uu.nl)
  • Efficacy of antibiotic treatment of enteroinvasive E coli (EIEC) and enterohemorrhagic E coli (EHEC) is not established. (medscape.com)
  • STEC also are called verotoxigenic E. coli (VTEC), and the term enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) commonly is used to specify STEC strains capable of causing human illness, especially bloody diarrhea and hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). (cdc.gov)
  • EHEC, also known as Shiga-toxin producing E coli (STEC), induces an attaching and effacing (AE) lesion in the large bowel. (medscape.com)
  • E coli O157:H7 is the most virulent of the EHEC. (medscape.com)
  • In August 2012, Sapporo City and Hokkaido Prefectural Government announced an outbreak of 94 enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) cases, including a fatal case, in ten nursing homes. (who.int)
  • In the present study, 350 raw vegetable samples were investigated for the occurrence of Entero Hemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC), and only 44(12.6%) samples were detected to be harboring E. coli. (abrinternationaljournal.org)
  • Escherichia coli (abbreviated as E. coli ) are bacteria found in the environment, foods, and intestines of people and animals. (cdc.gov)
  • E. coli are a large and diverse group of bacteria. (cdc.gov)
  • Escherichia coli are gram-negative bacteria that inhabit the gastrointestinal tract. (cdc.gov)
  • Escherichia coli (abbreviated as E. coli ) are a large and diverse group of bacteria commonly found in the gut of humans and warm-blooded animals. (who.int)
  • For example, some strains of E. coli benefit their hosts by producing vitamin K2 or by preventing the colonization of the intestine by pathogenic bacteria. (wikipedia.org)
  • Since many pathways in mixed-acid fermentation produce hydrogen gas, these pathways require the levels of hydrogen to be low, as is the case when E. coli lives together with hydrogen-consuming organisms, such as methanogens or sulphate-reducing bacteria. (wikipedia.org)
  • Escherichia coli commonly known as e coli are Gram-negative dowel wrought bacteria that are found in the subordinate innards of the warm-blooded animals or rather the endothermic creature genus,Sussman, 154 . (bestwritingservice.com)
  • From Goodsell, 124, Escherichia coli are useful in that they aid the fabrication of Vitamin K2 and the prevention of harmful bacteria from growth. (bestwritingservice.com)
  • Patients with E coli intra-abdominal abscesses generally present as an abscess that is a combination of other enteric organisms to include potential anaerobic bacteria. (medscape.com)
  • To further analyze the capacity of mononuclear leukocytes to degrade E. coli DNA, chromosomal and plasmid DNA was isolated from ingested bacteria and subjected to agarose gel-electrophoresis. (jci.org)
  • Antibiotics can effectively treat E. coli infections outside the digestive tract and most intestinal infections but are not used to treat intestinal infections by one strain of these bacteria. (msdmanuals.com)
  • It was demonstrated by itrtmunofluorescence microscopy that in noimal (wild-type) and hyperS- fimbriated E. coli populaiions non-fimbriated cells also · exist, and that the percentage of Sfinibrlated and non-fimbriated bacteria was roughly identica1 in either population. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
  • Description Escherichia Coli is one kind of bacteria that lives in the humans and animals' alimentary tracts, most often find in the intestines. (bartleby.com)
  • There are many types of E. Coli bacteria and most of them are not harmful and can be found in the healthy intestines of people and animals. (bartleby.com)
  • The plasmid that will be used to transform the bacteria in this experiment is pGal and occurs naturally in E. coli. (bartleby.com)
  • E. coli is the most widely studied prokaryotic model organism, and an important species in the fields of biotechnology and microbiology, where it has served as the host organism for the majority of work with recombinant DNA. (wikipedia.org)
  • Recombinant expression in Escherichia coli could potentially circumvent these issues and offers a platform for efficient production of low molecular weight peptides. (boku.ac.at)
  • Recombinant, E. coli recombinant proteins are genetic recombinations in Escherichia coli, supplied as white sterile powder lyopillized. (gentaur.com)
  • Recombinant Escherichia coli NADPH-dependent 7-cyano-7-deazaguanine reductase(queF)-1mg - 1 kit is backordered and will ship as soon as it is back in stock. (dnamethsoc.com)
  • The Datasheet of Recombinant for Escherichia is available from Karlan upon request. (dnamethsoc.com)
  • Restriction maps of the recombinant plasmids, termed pTf100 and pTf110, respectively, were constructed, creating potential cloning vehicles for exchanging genetic information between E. coli and T. ferrooxidans. (unab.cl)
  • Escherichia coli O157:H7 is an emerging cause of foodborne illness. (cdc.gov)
  • Consumers can prevent E. coli O157:H7 infection by thoroughly cooking ground beef, avoiding unpasteurized milk, and washing hands carefully. (cdc.gov)
  • What is Escherichia coli O157:H7? (cdc.gov)
  • E. coli O157:H7 is one of hundreds of strains of the bacterium Escherichia coli. (cdc.gov)
  • How is E. coli O157:H7 spread? (cdc.gov)
  • Eating meat, especially ground beef, that has not been cooked sufficiently to kill E. coli O157:H7 can cause infection. (cdc.gov)
  • What illness does E. coli O157:H7 cause? (cdc.gov)
  • In the United States, hemolytic uremic syndrome is the principal cause of acute kidney failure in children, and most cases of hemolytic uremic syndrome are caused by E. coli O157:H7. (cdc.gov)
  • How is E. coli O157:H7 infection diagnosed? (cdc.gov)
  • Infection with E. coli O157:H7 is diagnosed by detecting the bacterium in the stool. (cdc.gov)
  • Most laboratories that culture stool do not test for E. coli O157:H7, so it is important to request that the stool specimen be tested on sorbitol-MacConkey (SMAC) agar for this organism. (cdc.gov)
  • All persons who suddenly have diarrhea with blood should get their stool tested for E. coli O157:H7. (cdc.gov)
  • Escherichia (E.) coli O157:H7 survival in dry cured (uncooked) meat products leading to human illness outbreaks is an international problem. (umanitoba.ca)
  • Their manufacture does not involve a heat kill step to ensure the destruction of the organism, and the adverse conditions created during processing may not be sufficient to prevent E. coli O157:H7 survival. (umanitoba.ca)
  • g-1 cocktail of E. coli O157:H7, surface applied with 4% or 6% (w/w) deodorized yellow mustard powder, and monitored for E. coli O157:H7 survival during 80d ham maturation. (umanitoba.ca)
  • g-1 E. coli O157:H7, whereas it took 80d to for numbers in control hams to be similarly reduced. (umanitoba.ca)
  • Since a 5 log kill of E. coli O157:H7 was achieved in control hams by the end of 80d, dry cured Westphalian ham manufacture would be considered capable of controlling the risk of E. coli O157:H7 survival by North American regulatory agencies. (umanitoba.ca)
  • One of hundreds of strains of the tiny germ Escherichia coli, E. coli O157:H7 is a newly-visible cause of food carried/held and waterborne sicknesses. (bartleby.com)
  • E. coli O157:H7 was first recognized as a cause of illness during an outbreak in 1982 traced to contaminated hamburgers. (bartleby.com)
  • In this study, we report an experimental system in which E. coli evolves into a bacterial mutualist that supports survival and reproduction of P. stali , thereby demonstrating that evolution of mutualism can proceed very easily and quickly via disruption of a global transcriptional regulator system. (nature.com)
  • Bacterial cancer therapy was developed using probiotic Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN) for medical intervention of colorectal cancer. (nature.com)
  • The differential diagnoses of acute E coli meningitis include bacterial meningitis (most common H influenza , N meningitidis , and S pneumoniae ), viral meningitis, sepsis , seizure disorder, brain abscess , ruptured aneurysm, and neonatal tetanus . (medscape.com)
  • The differential diagnoses of E coli pneumonia include congestive heart failure , pulmonary embolism , other bacterial pneumonias, and viral pneumonias. (medscape.com)
  • Here, we evaluated the efficacy of BC-, nanosilver-amended biochar- (Ag-BC) and ZVI-sand filters, in reducing contaminants of emerging concern (CECs), Escherichia coli (E. coli) and total bacterial diversity from wastewater effluent. (springer.com)
  • CusabioProtein Description: Full Length Alternative Name (s) : Bacterial nodulin-like intrinsic proteinGene Names: AQPZResearch Areas: MicrobiologySpecies: Escherichia coli. (joplink.net)
  • Little is known about the genomic diversity of Escherichia coli in healthy children from sub-Saharan Africa, even though this is pertinent to understanding bacterial evolution and ecology and their role in infection. (peerj.com)
  • Gould, 2011) E. coli 0157 is a member of a large group of bacterial germs that inhibit the intestinal tract of humans and other warm - blooded animals. (bartleby.com)
  • a 2-year-old boy died.¹ E. coli bacterial infection is a growing concern for public health officials in the North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services and other local health departments. (bartleby.com)
  • Comparative genomics reveal the mechanism of the parallel evolution of O157 and non-O157 enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli. (genome.jp)
  • Indicated for adults and pediatric patients aged 3 months or older for complicated intra-abdominal infections (cIAIs) in combination with metronidazole and for complicated urinary tract infections (cUTIs) including pyelonephritis caused by certain susceptible Gram-negative microorganisms, including Escherichia coli . (medscape.com)
  • Escherichia coli WDCM 00090 Vitroids ™ are Certified Microorganisms Standards (Certified Microbiological Reference Materials) which can be used as quantitative and qualitative control organisms. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • Most types do not cause illness, but 5 pathotypes are associated with diarrhea: enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC), Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC), enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC), enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC), and enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC). (cdc.gov)
  • Moreover, many clinical laboratories do not use methods that can detect diarrheagenic E. coli other than STEC in stool samples. (cdc.gov)
  • Diarrheagenic E. coli infections, other than STEC, have incubation periods ranging from 8 hours to 3 days. (cdc.gov)
  • Rates of infection vary by region, and certain types of diarrheagenic E. coli infections, mainly ETEC, are associated with travel to low- and middle-income countries. (cdc.gov)
  • The incidence of travel-associated diarrhea caused by E. coli is likely underestimated because many travelers do not seek medical care or have stool testing performed, particularly if diarrhea is non-bloody, as commonly occurs with ETEC infection. (cdc.gov)
  • Hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS) is a potentially devastating consequence of enteric infection with specific E coli strains. (medscape.com)
  • The differential diagnoses of E coli traveler's diarrhea include rotavirus infection, Norwalk virus infection, Salmonella infection, and Campylobacter diarrhea. (medscape.com)
  • Urinary tract infections are the most common infection caused by E. coli , and people may also develop intestinal infections by eating contaminated food (such as undercooked ground beef), touching infected animals, or swallowing contaminated water. (msdmanuals.com)
  • However, some strains of E. coli have acquired genes that enable them to cause infection. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Melzer M, Petersen I. Mortality following bacteraemic infection caused by extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing E. coli compared to non-ESBL producing E. coli. (medscape.com)
  • Community-associated extended-spectrum ß-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli infection in the United States. (medscape.com)
  • To identify Escherichia coli genes potentially regulated by filamentous phage infection, we used oligonucleotide microarrays. (lu.se)
  • Genome-wide comparison of phage M13-infected and uninfected E. coli, 2 and 20 min after infection, was performed. (lu.se)
  • The analysis revealed altered transcription levels of 12 E. coli genes in response to phage infection, and the observed regulation of phage genes correlated with the known in vivo pattern of M13 mRNA species. (lu.se)
  • Most E. coli strains are harmless, but some serotypes such as EPEC, and ETEC are pathogenic and can cause serious food poisoning in their hosts, and are occasionally responsible for food contamination incidents that prompt product recalls. (wikipedia.org)
  • E. coli and other facultative anaerobes constitute about 0.1% of gut microbiota, and fecal-oral transmission is the major route through which pathogenic strains of the bacterium cause disease. (wikipedia.org)
  • E coli has emerged as an important cause of diarrheal illness, with diverse phenotypes and pathogenic mechanisms. (medscape.com)
  • The characteristic serotype of this pathogenic E coli displays the K1 antigen, which is responsible for 40% of the cases of bacteremia and 80% of the cases of meningitis caused by E coli . (medscape.com)
  • Extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli ( ExPEC ) is the leading cause of adult life -threatening sepsis and urinary tract infections (UTI). (bvsalud.org)
  • Indicated for E coli (enterotoxigenic and enteroaggregative strains) associated with traveler's diarrhea. (medscape.com)
  • The Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli, found in human's does through the usage of its fimbriae, amassed the tissue culture cells in the human bodies. (bestwritingservice.com)
  • caused by enterotoxigenic E coli [ETEC] or enteroaggregative E coli [EAggEC]) may appear to be dehydrated. (medscape.com)
  • Some kinds of E. coli can cause diarrhea, while others cause urinary tract infections, respiratory illness and pneumonia, and other illnesses. (cdc.gov)
  • Faecal contamination of vegetables is one of the primary sources of E-coli infections. (who.int)
  • E coli is also a commonly identified cause of urinary tract infections (UTIs) , as well as neonatal sepsis and meningitis. (medscape.com)
  • Systemic infections caused by E coli are frequently seen in neonates either by means of vertical or horizontal transmission. (medscape.com)
  • In addition, S fimbriae have been associated with many of the E coli of patients with CNS infections. (medscape.com)
  • Many E. coli infections affecting areas outside the digestive tract develop in people who are debilitated, who are staying in a health care facility, or who have taken antibiotics. (msdmanuals.com)
  • In Escherichia coli, the colicin M protein kills E. coli after uptake into the periplasm. (mpg.de)
  • Two nucleotides were different between the E. coli (Tn3) and H. ducreyi (pCb) genes that affected the amino-acid sequence. (lu.se)
  • Thus, resident E. coli in these children may constitute reservoirs of virulence- and resistance-associated genes. (peerj.com)
  • No genes belonging to any known E. coli stress response pathways were scored as upregulated. (lu.se)
  • A pCb plasmid encoding a beta-lactamase from Haemophilus ducreyi was transferred to Escherichia coli, purified, and characterized. (lu.se)
  • Citations to Effect of human polymorphonuclear and mononuclear leukocytes on chromosomal and plasmid DNA of Escherichia coli. (jci.org)
  • Effect of human polymorphonuclear and mononuclear leukocytes on chromosomal and plasmid DNA of Escherichia coli. (jci.org)
  • Plasmid DNA of E. coli carrying a gene coding for ampicillin resistance remained intact for a 2-h period after ingestion, and was still able to transform recipient E. coli cells after this period. (jci.org)
  • The operon on plasmid in E. coli was found to result in the production of all three subunit polypeptides [7]. (lu.se)
  • The reason for the observed defective assembly in E. coli is probably not some unidentified mutation in the plasmid DNA because the same plasmid preparation complemented a B. subtilis sdhCAB deletion strain [7]. (lu.se)
  • In this experiment students attempt to transform E. coli with a plasmid. (bartleby.com)
  • The 6.7-kilobase plasmid (pTf1) was cloned separately into the HindIII or BamHI site of Escherichia coli plasmid pBR322. (unab.cl)
  • The combination of letters and numbers in the name of the bacterium refers to the specific markers found on its surface and distinguishes it from other types of E. coli. (cdc.gov)
  • Escherichia coli (/ˌɛʃəˈrɪkiə ˈkoʊlaɪ/ ESH-ə-RIK-ee-ə KOH-ly) is a Gram-negative, facultative anaerobic, rod-shaped, coliform bacterium of the genus Escherichia that is commonly found in the lower intestine of warm-blooded organisms. (wikipedia.org)
  • E. coli is a Gram-negative, facultative anaerobe, nonsporulating coliform bacterium. (wikipedia.org)
  • An Escherichia coli bacterium is found in the innards of endothermic animal genus. (bestwritingservice.com)
  • Escherichia (E-Coli) Escherichia coli, (E. coli) 0157 is a gram negative bacillus rod shaped bacterium it belongs to the Enterobacteriacea family. (bartleby.com)
  • Ampicillin and Streptomycin on Escherichia Coli Introduction Escherichia Coli is a bacterium that inhabits the gastrointestinal tract of both humans and animals. (bartleby.com)
  • E. coli isn't always a harmful bacterium. (bartleby.com)
  • Escherichia coli (E. coli) is a common bacterium that makes single celled plasmids exchange easy. (bartleby.com)
  • E. coli) BACKGROUND - E. coli is a food-borne bacterium that inhabits the bowels of warm blooded creatures such as humans and animals. (bartleby.com)
  • First described in 1885, E coli has become recognized as both a harmless commensal and a versatile pathogen. (medscape.com)
  • Analysis of the variability of S fimbriae expression in an Escherichia coli pathogen. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
  • E. Coli is the short term of Escherichia Coli that commonly used by people. (bartleby.com)
  • The clinical impact of fluoroquinolone resistance in patients with E coli bacteremia. (medscape.com)
  • The 2010 World Health Organization (WHO) Global Burden of Foodborne Diseases report estimated ≈111 million illnesses and ≈63,000 deaths caused by diarrheagenic E. coli globally each year. (cdc.gov)
  • Most strains of E. coli are harmless however, specific strains such as enterohaemorrhagic E. coli , can cause severe foodborne disease. (who.int)
  • German outbreak of Escherichia coli O104:H4 associated with sprouts. (medscape.com)
  • Although clinical microbiology typically relies on single-colony picks (which has the potential to underestimate species diversity and transmission events), within-host diversity of E. coli in the gut is crucial to our understanding of inter-strain competition and co-operation and also for accurate diagnosis and epidemiological analyses. (peerj.com)
  • Although most strains of E. coli are harmless and live in the intestines of healthy humans and animals, this strain produces a powerful poisonous chemical and can cause extreme illness. (bartleby.com)
  • E. coli QFR activity and the fast relaxing SQ species observed in the mutant enzyme are sensitive to the inhibitor 2-n-heptyl-4-hydroxyquinoline N-oxide (HQNO). (lu.se)
  • Also, this study adds significantly to the number of commensal E. coli genomes, a group that has been traditionally underrepresented in the sequencing of this species. (peerj.com)
  • Relationship between hospital antibiotic use and quinolone resistance in Escherichia coli. (medscape.com)
  • Available at http://www.who.int/vaccine_research/diseases/e_e_coli/en/ . (medscape.com)
  • Collectively, these results demonstrate that autotransporter antigens such as SinH may constitute promising ExPEC phylogroup-specific and sequence-type effective vaccine targets that reduce E. coli colonization and virulence . (bvsalud.org)
  • In addition, the presence of available nutrients in necrotic tumor tissues attracts facultative anaerobes like Salmonella and Escherichia to the cancerous site via chemotaxis. (nature.com)
  • Clinical manifestations of diarrheagenic E. coli vary by pathotype (see Table 5-02 ). (cdc.gov)
  • If a model microbe like Escherichia coli with elaborate molecular genetic tools and resources can establish a mutualistic association with a host organism via experimental evolution, such a 'model experimental symbiotic system' will be extremely useful for understanding the evolutionary processes of symbiosis towards mutualism. (nature.com)
  • I would like to summarize our analyses after genome project of E. coli and will report the present situation in Systems approaches, focusing on genetic interaction. (cam.ac.uk)
  • The outer membrane surrounding the cell wall provides a barrier to certain antibiotics such that E. coli is not damaged by penicillin. (wikipedia.org)
  • Although most strains of E. coli are harmless, others can make you sick. (cdc.gov)
  • To make this possible in Eshcrichia coli, which is one of the best organisms to understand cellular systems comprehensively based on the vast amount of accumulation of biological knowledge, we setup an easy and reliable system for construction double knockout strains by conjugation and for analysis of their growth effects. (cam.ac.uk)
  • In unicellular organisms like E. coli and yeast, the benefits of between potential cost and benefit, regulation can make the most a well-adapted regulatory system are readily quantified, as the difference to the long-term growth rate if the resource in question fitness of an individual can be estimated by its growth rate in is only available a similarly small fraction of the time. (lu.se)
  • E. coli stains Gram-negative because its cell wall is composed of a thin peptidoglycan layer and an outer membrane. (wikipedia.org)
  • The membrane anchor of SQR in mammalian mitochondria and proteobacteria, such as Escherichia coli , consists of two polypeptides (SdhC and SdhD) and contains one heme group. (lu.se)
  • SQR in E. coli and B. subtilis can be assembled in the membrane without covalently bound FAD but are enzymatically inactive [3, 4, 6]. (lu.se)
  • It is unexpected that B. subtilis SQR without covalently bound FAD is not assembled in the E. coli membrane provided that all other aspects of assembly, including iron-sulfur cluster biogenesis, are functional in the heterologous system. (lu.se)
  • E. coli serotypes are determined by surface antigens (O and H), and specific serotypes tend to cluster within specific pathotypes. (cdc.gov)
  • Diarrheagenic E. coli pathotypes can be passed in the feces of humans and other animals. (cdc.gov)
  • Transcriptomic and genomic analyses of 'mutualistic' E. coli lines revealed independent mutations that disrupted the carbon catabolite repression global transcriptional regulator system. (nature.com)
  • Broad protective vaccination against systemic Escherichia coli with autotransporter antigens. (bvsalud.org)
  • Each mutation reproduced the mutualistic phenotypes when introduced into wild-type E. coli , confirming that single carbon catabolite repression mutations can make E. coli an insect mutualist. (nature.com)
  • Uropathogenic E coli (UPEC) has the ability to colonize the uroepithelium by means of surface fimbriae. (medscape.com)
  • This then leads to translocation across the gut barrier, causing an E coli bacteremia and potential seeding of the meninges. (medscape.com)
  • A field trial was undertaken to investigate the suitability of the marker for detecting E. coli derived from sewage effluent discharged to a rural stream which already contained a substantial background level E. coli of animal origin. (iwaponline.com)
  • only a few insects survived, in which E. coli exhibited specific localization to the symbiotic organ and vertical transmission to the offspring. (nature.com)
  • This is the most recent condition on E. coli outbreaks in North Carolina. (bartleby.com)
  • Antimicrobial resistant strains of Escherichia coli ( E. coli ) are a common cause of UTI which were identified as a treatment challenge. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In the case of the lac operon of E. coli, a well-studied system for whether a gene is regulated. (lu.se)
  • E. coli is expelled into the environment within fecal matter. (wikipedia.org)
  • Therefore, we studied the fate of Escherichia coli DNA following phagocytosis of E. coli by polymorphonuclear and mononuclear leukocytes. (jci.org)
  • Although phagocytosis and killing by mononuclear leukocytes was less efficient than that by polymorphonuclear leukocytes, only mononuclear leukocytes were able to degrade E. coli PC2166 DNA. (jci.org)
  • As an important indicator of fecal contamination, E. coli has been used by many organizations to establish guidelines and standards for irrigation water quality. (springer.com)