• Although low-dose vaccination enhanced the functional profiles of both epitope-specific CD8 T cell populations, greater polyfunctionality was apparent within the Pol-LI9/H-2D(d) specificity. (nih.gov)
  • Collectively, these data indicate that the functional and phenotypic properties of vaccine-induced CD8 T cell populations are sensitive to dose manipulation, yet constrained by epitope specificity in a clonotype-dependent manner. (nih.gov)
  • The affinity of a TCR for a given peptide epitope and the specificity of the binding are governed by the heterodimeric αβ T-cell receptors ( 2 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • We will be investigating the antigen specificity and function of these CD8 T cells, in particular examining the influence of persistent viruses such as HCMV. (cardiff.ac.uk)
  • Defining the epitope specificity of CD8+ T cells is an important goal in autoimmune and immune-mediated disease research. (elsevierpure.com)
  • We propose that a similar molecular approach could also be used to determine the antigen specificity of suppressor CD8 T cells by the measurement of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) production. (elsevierpure.com)
  • In addition, with a randomly generated library and peripheral blood or isolated CSF CD8+ T cells, this would be an effective method of predicting the epitope specificity of CD8+ T cells in human inflammatory CNS diseases, in animal models of MS or other organ-specific inflammatory diseases with a protective or pathogenic role of CD8 T cells. (elsevierpure.com)
  • The epitope specificity of the antibodies in relapsing polychondritis differs from those in RA, suggesting different mechanisms for formation and pathophysiologic roles. (medscape.com)
  • The saga of MHC-bound peptides: a renaissance for antigen presentation? (jci.org)
  • The kinetics and products of degradation of HIV-1 Gag favored the production of peptides encompassing the immunodominant epitope and destruction of the subdominant one. (jci.org)
  • peptides bound to HLA-DR17 from bronchoalveolar lavage cells of sarcoidosis patients were analyzed in order to identify target antigens of the autoimmune response (see the related article beginning on page 3576). (jci.org)
  • the modulation of epitope immunodominance and the processing and presentation of HIV peptides for MHC class I recognition were shown to be dependent on flanking residues that were N terminal to the natural epitopes (see the related article beginning on page 3563). (jci.org)
  • A set of standard tests are defined for the performance of peptide-TCR binding, including the detection of TCRs binding to a given peptide/antigen, choosing among a set of candidate peptides for a given TCR and determining whether any pair of TCR-peptide bind. (frontiersin.org)
  • Following specific binding of T cell receptors to viral and bacterial-derived peptides bound to MHC ( 5 ), or from neo-antigens ( 8 - 10 ), the appropriate T cells expand, resulting in the increased frequency of T cells carrying such receptors. (frontiersin.org)
  • Methods Homocitrullinated peptides were identified and assessed in vitro for HLA-A2 binding and in vivo in human leukocyte antigen (HLA) transgenic mouse models for immunogenicity. (bmj.com)
  • Results Homocitrullinated peptides from aldolase and cytokeratin were identified, that stimulated CD8-mediated responses in vivo. (bmj.com)
  • Modified peptides showed enhanced binding to HLA-A2 compared with the native sequences and immunization of HLA-A2 transgenic mice generated high avidity modification specific CD8 responses that killed peptide expressing target cells. (bmj.com)
  • We first screened healthy Chinese donors against Chinese strain EBNA1, LMP1 and LMP2 sequences in Elispot assays of interferon-gamma release and identified the immunodominant CD4+ and CD8+ epitope peptides presented by common Chinese HLA alleles. (birmingham.ac.uk)
  • METHODS: We developed TRAP (T-cell recognition potential of HLA-I presented peptides), a robust deep learning workflow for predicting CD8 + T-cell epitopes from MHC-I presented pathogenic and self-peptides. (ox.ac.uk)
  • To estimate the immunogenicity of pathogenic peptides with low-confidence predictions, we further developed a novel metric, RSAT (relative similarity to autoantigens and tumour-associated antigens), as a complementary to 'dissimilarity to self' from cancer studies. (ox.ac.uk)
  • RESULTS: TRAP was used to identify epitopes from glioblastoma patients as well as SARS-CoV-2 peptides, and it outperformed other algorithms in both cancer and pathogenic settings. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Whole protein and defined CD8(+) and CD4(+) peptides linked to penetratin targets both MHC class I a. (edu.au)
  • Cytoplasmic delivery and cross-presentation of proteins and peptides is necessary for processing and presentation of antigens for the generation of cytotoxic T cells. (edu.au)
  • TCR of CD8 T cells recognizes peptides of 8-9 amino acids in length (epitope) complexed with MHC class I. Peptide ligands differing from an epitope by one or two amino acids are thought to modulate the immune response specific to that epitope. (molcells.org)
  • We characterized two immunodominant CD8 T cell populations generated in response to immunization of BALB/c mice with a replication-deficient adenovirus serotype 5 vector expressing the HIV-derived Gag and Pol proteins at equivalent levels. (nih.gov)
  • However, limited data are available about sequence variability in CD8 + T cell epitope regions of mumps virus (MuV) proteins. (mdpi.com)
  • This is based on the concept that aberrant proteasomal degradation of key regulatory proteins induced by viral infection/transformation will generate novel epitopes. (cardiff.ac.uk)
  • Endogenous synthesis of antigen results in efficient proteolytic peptide processing and presentation of peptide antigen on MHC class I proteins. (jci.org)
  • Background Post-translational modification of proteins has the potential to alter the ability of T cells to recognize major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class -I and class-II restricted antigens, thereby resulting in altered immune responses. (bmj.com)
  • This study provides the first evidence that homocitrullinated proteins in tumors can also be targets for CD8 T-cell responses. (bmj.com)
  • This research suggests that post-translational modification of proteins provide efficient targets in tumors for both CD4 and CD8 T-cell-mediated therapies. (bmj.com)
  • We investigated the T cell recognition of both the oncogenic proteins, Large and Small T antigen and the capsid protein VP1 that is profoundly expressed also in the non-symptomatic MCPyV infected healthy individuals. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The tumour cells are HLA class I- and II-positive and express a limited subset of EBV latent proteins, namely the nuclear antigen EBNA1 and the latent membrane proteins LMP2 and (in some cases) LMP1. (birmingham.ac.uk)
  • 70 healthy controls on peptide epitope mini-panels, we found that T cell memory to CD4 epitopes in all three proteins was unimpaired in the blood of patients at diagnosis. (birmingham.ac.uk)
  • Multiepitope vaccines based on 100% conserved epitopes of multiple proteins of all SARS-CoV-2 variants, rather than a single highly mutating antigen, could offer more long-lasting protection. (jcvi.org)
  • It is composed of highly promiscuous and strong HLA binding CD4 and CD8 T cell epitopes of the S, M, N, E, ORF1ab, ORF 6 and ORF8 proteins. (jcvi.org)
  • In addition to these autoantibodies, patients with thymoma-associated MG produce autoantibodies to various neuromuscular antigens, including antibodies to the skeletal muscle calcium release channel (ryanodine receptor of sarcoplasmic reticulum) and antibodies to cytoplasmic filamentous proteins (particularly titin) or neurofilaments. (medscape.com)
  • Antibodies recognize specific configurations (epitopes, or antigenic determinants) on the surfaces of antigens (eg, proteins, polysaccharides, nucleic acids). (msdmanuals.com)
  • Although a limited number of immunodominant peptide epitopes are consistently observed in diseases such as HIV-1 infection, the relationship between immunodominance and antigen processing in humans is largely unknown. (jci.org)
  • They function through TCR recognition of antigens (peptide epitopes) presented by the class I MHC (HLA in humans) molecules. (biolegend.com)
  • Defining antigen targets to dissect vaccinia virus and monkeypox virus-specific T cell responses in humans. (jcvi.org)
  • Healthy humans develop spontaneous CD8+ T cell responses to melanoma associated antigens (MA) expressed by normal melanocytes. (mdpi.com)
  • In this study, we have used tetrameric major histocompatibility complex-peptide complexes to directly visualize antigen-specific cluster of differentration (CD)8+ T cells during the primary immune response to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection in humans. (ox.ac.uk)
  • This association afforded us a unique opportunity to identify a sarcoidosis-specific antigen recognized by AV2S3+ T cells. (jci.org)
  • To identify candidates for the postulated sarcoidosis-specific antigen, lung cells from 16 HLA-DRB1*0301pos patients were obtained by bronchoalveolar lavage. (jci.org)
  • CD8 + T cells play a critical role in immunity to viruses. (mdpi.com)
  • Neoadjuvant anti-OX40 (MEDI6469) therapy in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma activates and expands antigen-specific tumor-infiltrating T cells. (bepress.com)
  • Analyses of CD8+ TIL show increases in tumor-antigen reactive, proliferating CD103+ CD39+ cells in 25% of patients with evaluable tumor tissue (N = 4/16), all of whom remain disease-free. (bepress.com)
  • CD8 + T cells are essential components of the immune system. (biolegend.com)
  • The T-cell mediated innate immune response is defined by the interaction between antigen presenting cells and T cells, through the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) and the T cell receptor (TCR). (biolegend.com)
  • MHC molecules present a peptide to antigen-specific T cells that recognize this peptide. (biolegend.com)
  • However, by making a tetramer through a fluorescently labeled streptavidin conjugate, the complex binds to several TCRs, creating a more stable interaction and making it useful for flow cytometric detection of antigen specific T cells. (biolegend.com)
  • Novel epitopes were identified by establishing T antigenipecific CD4 and CD8 T-cell clones from healthy donors which recognised antigen expressing cells. (bham.ac.uk)
  • However MCC tumours and lines were found to have low levels of surface HLA Class I and Class II and could poorly process and present epitope to T-cells. (bham.ac.uk)
  • Consistent with this, preliminary experiments showed that small-T inhibited epitope presentation suggesting that small-T function must be inhibited for efficient T cell targeting of infected cells. (bham.ac.uk)
  • Here, we review some of the recent advances and studies that highlight the roles of these changes as well as antigen presentation and stress response pathways in beta cells in the onset and propagation of the autoimmune process in type 1 diabetes. (springer.com)
  • and CD8 + T cells play a major role as beta cell killers [ 6 , 7 ]. (springer.com)
  • We advance the hypothesis that antigen presentation by beta cells, their stress responses and functional heterogeneity are critical factors that will provide clues towards solving the enigma posed by islet autoimmunity in type 1 diabetes. (springer.com)
  • In this study, we comprehensively screened HLA-A2 restricted MAGE-A3 tumor epitopes and characterized the corresponding TCRs using in vitro artificial antigen presentation cells (APC) system, single-cell transcriptome and TCR V(D)J sequencing, and machine-learning. (thno.org)
  • We identified the HLA-A2 restricted T cell epitopes from MAGE-A3 that could effectively induce the activation and cytotoxicity of CD8+ T cells using artificial APC in vitro . (thno.org)
  • A cohort of HLA-A2+ NSCLC donors demonstrated that the number of epitope specific CD8+ T cells increased in NSCLC than healthy controls when measured with tetramer derived from the candidate MAGE-A3 epitopes, especially epitope Mp4 (MAGE-A3: 160-169, LVFGIELMEV). (thno.org)
  • or from functionally distinct subsets such as CD4 and CD8 T-cells. (elifesciences.org)
  • Autologous as well as allogeneic CD8 + T cells transduced with tumor antigen specific T cell receptors (TCR) may cause significant tumor lysis upon adoptive transfer. (oncotarget.com)
  • We hypothesized lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein 1 (LAMP1, CD107a) to be a marker for fratricide in TCR transgenic CD8 + T cells. (oncotarget.com)
  • We developed techniques to detect weak T cell responses against HPV, define CD8 and CD4 epitopes and to isolate T cell clones capable of killing cervical cancer cells. (cardiff.ac.uk)
  • In this study, we tested whether preventative and therapeutic vaccination could be achieved by direct injection of antigen-expressing lentiviral vector, obviating the need for ex vivo transduction of dendritic cells. (jci.org)
  • Homocitrullination occurs in the tumor microenvironment and CD4-mediated immune responses to Hcit epitopes can target stressed tumor cells and provide a potent antitumor response in mouse models. (bmj.com)
  • Importantly, we show for three different epitopes that MCC specific T cells are capable of killing target cells expressing Large T antigen, including HLA-matched MCC cell lines, indicating that these T cells could provide functional activity upon in vivo transfer, and thus be employed in adoptive T cell therapy for MCC. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Targeting these epitopes are therefore likely to lead to specific recognition of the tumor cells bearing the Large T integration - that is essential for growth and survival of the tumor cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • the therapeutic goal must therefore be to re-direct the existing memory repertoire more effectively against antigen-expressing tumour cells. (birmingham.ac.uk)
  • Patients were monitored for donor engraftment of myeloid and lymphoid cells, for clinical response by serial imaging, and for immunologic response by in vitro isolation of donor-derived CD8 + CTLs recognizing recipient minor histocompatibility (H) antigens. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Clones from three patients with a partial response or stable disease recognized antigens expressed on renal cell carcinoma tumor cells. (aacrjournals.org)
  • CD8 + CTL-recognizing minor H antigens on tumor cells can be isolated posttransplant and could contribute to the graft- versus -tumor effect. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Antigen-specific ligation of T-cell receptors induces effector mechanisms that either directly or indirectly promote lysis of infected cells. (cdc.gov)
  • The cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) typically express CD8 and induce apoptosis of cells on which they recognize foreign antigens presented by MHC class I molecules, providing a defense against intracellular pathogens such as viruses. (cdc.gov)
  • Immunization with a lentivector that targets tumor antigen expression to dendritic cells induces potent CD8+ and CD4+ T-cell responses. (ox.ac.uk)
  • To improve safety while retaining efficacy, we constructed a lentivector in which transgene expression was restricted to antigen-presenting cells using the mouse dectin-2 gene promoter. (ox.ac.uk)
  • As immunization with the optimal dose of the dectin-2 lentivector was similar to that stimulated by a lentivector containing a strong constitutive viral promoter, targeting antigen expression to dendritic cells can provide a safe and effective vaccine. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Both brain-infiltrating and spleen-derived CD8+ T cells expressed IFN-γ when Cos-7 cells were co-transfected with D b class I molecule and the TMEV genomic segment that encoded the immunodominant TMEV epitope. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Flow cytometric analysis showed aFP treatment elicited an increase of CD3+, CD4+, CD8+ vand epitope specific CD8+ T cells. (medicalrecords.com)
  • reported laser irradiation of photodynamic therapy (PDT) to treat mice subcutaneously inoculated with CT26.CL25 colon carcinoma cells inducing local remission and antigen-specific immune response systemically, promoting regression of a remote and untreated tumor 9 . (medicalrecords.com)
  • However CT26.CL25 cells are artificially transduced with the lacZ gene to stably express a tumor antigen (beta-gal). (medicalrecords.com)
  • BACKGROUND: T-cells play a crucial role in the adaptive immune system by triggering responses against cancer cells and pathogens, while maintaining tolerance against self-antigens, which has sparked interest in the development of various T-cell-focused immunotherapies. (ox.ac.uk)
  • However, the identification of antigens recognised by T-cells is low-throughput and laborious. (ox.ac.uk)
  • We previously described the use of the 16 amino acid peptide penetratin from the Drosophila Antennapedia homeodomain (penetratin, Antp) to transport cytotoxic T lymphocyte epitopes derived from ovalbumin (OVA) or the Mucin-1 tumor-associated antigen into cells. (edu.au)
  • We have now shown that penetratin covalently conjugated to OVA protein and linked in tandem to CD4(+) and/or CD8(+) T-cell epitopes from OVA-stimulated T cells in vitro (B3Z T-cell hybridoma and OT-I and OT-II T cells). (edu.au)
  • Furthermore, interferon (IFN)-γ-secreting CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells were induced which suppressed B16.OVA tumor growth in C57BL/6 mice. (edu.au)
  • Alternatively, 40 days after a boost immunization, the presence of CD4(+) help enhanced antigen-specific IFN-γ-secreting CD8(+) T cells and tumor protection in mice challenged with B16.OVA. (edu.au)
  • SARS-CoV-2-specific CD4 + and CD8 + T cells were each associated with milder disease. (nih.gov)
  • Coordinated SARS-CoV-2-specific adaptive immune responses were associated with milder disease, suggesting roles for both CD4 + and CD8 + T cells in protective immunity in COVID-19. (nih.gov)
  • When bound to the specific antigens in the kidneys and lungs, the antibodies initiate an inflammatory destruction of tissues by complement activation and recruitment of proinflammatory cells, leading to rapidly proliferative glomerulonephritis, often accompanied by pulmonary hemorrhage. (medscape.com)
  • Proinflammatory cells and CD4 + and CD8 + cells are recruited to the site, and, subsequently, proinflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and proteolytic enzymes are released. (medscape.com)
  • Direct visualization of antigen-specific CD8+ T cells during the primary immune response to Epstein-Barr virus In vivo. (ox.ac.uk)
  • We show that massive expansion of activated, antigen-specific T cells occurs during the primary response to this virus. (ox.ac.uk)
  • In one individual, T cells specific for a single EBV epitope comprised 44% of the total CD8+ T cells within peripheral blood. (ox.ac.uk)
  • The majority of the antigen-specific cells had an activated/memory phenotype, with expression of human histocompatibility leukocyte antigen (HLA) DR, CD38, and CD45RO, downregulation of CD62 leukocyte (CD62L), and low levels of expression of CD45RA. (ox.ac.uk)
  • After recovery from AIM, the frequency of antigen-specific T cells fell in most donors studied, although populations of antigen-specific cells continued to be easily detectable for at least 3 yr. (ox.ac.uk)
  • However, some of the TCRs did overlap between the H60H- and H60-specific CD8 T cells, suggesting that H60H might modulate the H60-specific response. (molcells.org)
  • COVID-19: Attacks Immune Cells and Interferences With Antigen Presentation Through MHC-Like Decoy System. (cdc.gov)
  • γ interferon expression in CD8+ T cells is a marker for circulating cytotoxic T lymphocytes that recognize an HLA A2-restricted epitope of human cytomegalovirus phosphoprotein pp65. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • The evidence for an autoimmune etiology includes pathological findings of infiltrating T cells, the presence of antigen-antibody complexes in affected cartilage, cellular and humoral responses against collagen type II and other collagen antigens, and the observation that immunosuppressive regimens most often suppress the disease. (medscape.com)
  • These cells can be characterized in their developmental progression by changes in expression of 3 cell surface markers: CD4, CD8, and the T-cell receptor (TCR)-CD3 complex. (medscape.com)
  • The lymphocytes' selection process and developmental progression are influenced by direct contact between the TCR-CD3 complex on the thymocyte and the major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-antigen complex on thymic epithelial cells, dendritic cells, and B lymphocytes. (medscape.com)
  • B cells The immune system consists of cellular components and molecular components that work together to destroy antigens. (msdmanuals.com)
  • and, in response to antigen, are subsequently secreted by plasma cells. (msdmanuals.com)
  • We observed a significant increase in IFN-γ-producing CD8 + T cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of immunocompetent mice that repeatedly aspirated A. fumigatus conidia in contrast to mice challenged with A. versicolor , a species that is not typically associated with invasive, disseminated disease. (cdc.gov)
  • Airway IFN-γ + CD8 + T-cells were decreased and lung germination was eliminated in mice that aspirated A. fumigatus conidia that were formaldehyde-fixed or heat-inactivated. (cdc.gov)
  • Furthermore, A. fumigatus particles exhibited greater persistence in the lungs of recipient mice when compared to non-viable A. fumigatus or A. versicolor , and this correlated with increased maintenance of airway memory-phenotype CD8 + T cells. (cdc.gov)
  • Adoptive cell therapy using engineered T-cell receptors (TCRs) targeting cancer-testis antigens, such as Melanoma-associated antigen 3 (MAGE-A3), is a potential approach for the treatment of NSCLC. (thno.org)
  • Diverse repertoires of hypervariable immunoglobulin receptors (TCR and BCR) recognize antigens in the adaptive immune system. (elifesciences.org)
  • T-cell receptors (TCR) and B-cell receptors (BCR) are hypervariable immunoglobulins that play a key role in recognizing antigens in the vertebrate immune system. (elifesciences.org)
  • However, systematic analysis of T cell immune responses to MAGE-A3 antigen and corresponding antigen-specific TCR is still lacking. (thno.org)
  • Anti-GBM antibodies are directed against an epitope located at the NC1 domain at the C-terminal of the alpha-3 chain of type IV collagen. (medscape.com)
  • Once the anti-GBM antibodies bind to the specific GBM antigen, complement is activated. (medscape.com)
  • Coexistence of ANCAs (mostly myeloperoxidase [MPO-ANCAs]) with anti-GBM antibodies is thought to occur when the renal involvement in ANCA vasculitis leads to the exposure of antigens from the basement membrane and the formation of anti-GBM antibodies. (medscape.com)
  • Contents: Antibody Cocktail (IFN-γ FITC, CD69 PE, CD8 PerCP-Cy™5.5, CD3 APC), Isotype Ctrl Cocktail, Co-Stimulatory Antibodies (CD28/CD49d), Brefeldin A (BFA) Solution, EDTA Solution, BD FACS™ Lysing Solution (10x), BD FACS Permeabilizing Solution 2 (10x). (bdbiosciences.com)
  • Antibodies and antigens fit tightly together because their shape and other surface properties (eg, charge) are complementary. (msdmanuals.com)
  • We have mapped the T cell recognition of MCPyV by use of a novel technology platform for T-cell enrichment and combinatorial encoding of histocompatibility antigen (HLA) class I multimers. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This phase I trial assessed the safety, efficacy, and immunologic responses to minor histocompatibility antigens following nonmyeloablative allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation as treatment for metastatic renal cell carcinoma. (aacrjournals.org)
  • H60 is a minor histocompatibility antigen for which the specific CD8 T-cell response dominates during alloresponse after MHC-matched allogeneic transplantation. (molcells.org)
  • The first US Food and Drug Administration-approved immunotherapy for type 1 diabetes, the anti-CD3 antibody teplizumab, delays symptomatic type 1 diabetes onset by 2-3 years [ 4 ], opening the door for the future clinical application of antigen-specific approaches with potentially superior immunoregulatory properties [ 5 ]. (springer.com)
  • We completed a combined examination of all three branches of adaptive immunity at the level of SARS-CoV-2-specific CD4 + and CD8 + T cell and neutralizing antibody responses in acute and convalescent subjects. (nih.gov)
  • A parsimonious explanation is that coordinated CD4 + T cell, CD8 + T cell, and antibody responses are protective, but uncoordinated responses frequently fail to control disease, with a connection between aging and impaired adaptive immune responses to SARS-CoV-2. (nih.gov)
  • The syndrome was subsequently shown to be caused by an antibody response against antigens present in the alveolar and glomerular basement membranes. (medscape.com)
  • The same antibody molecule can cross-react with related antigens if their epitopes are similar enough to those of the original antigen. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Our previous work with DPX-Survivac gives us confidence that DepoVax has the potential to induce strong immunological responses to their novel antigen to enable the vaccine in the clinic. (webpronews.com)
  • The induction of these responses was directly mediated by the penetratin peptide as linking a nonspecific 16-mer peptide to OVA or mixing did not induce CD8(+) or CD4(+) T-cell responses in vitro. (edu.au)
  • The immense diversity of the T-cell receptor (TCR) enables specific antigen recognition ( 3 , 4 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • The development of immunoglobulin receptor repertoire sequencing methods makes it possible to perform repertoire-wide disease association studies of antigen receptor sequences. (elifesciences.org)
  • SARS-CoV-2 infections in pediatric and young adult recipients of chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy: an international registry report. (cdc.gov)
  • TLR5-dependent immunogenicity of a recombinant fusion protein containing an immunodominant epitope of malarial circumsporozoite protein and the FliC flagellin of Salmonella Typhimurium. (wikipedia.org)
  • Despite recent developments, most immunogenicity algorithms struggle to learn features of peptide immunogenicity from small datasets, suffer from HLA bias and are unable to reliably predict pathology-specific CD8 + T-cell epitopes. (ox.ac.uk)
  • TRAP was especially effective at extracting immunogenicity-associated properties from restricted data of emerging pathogens and translating them onto related species, as well as minimising the loss of likely epitopes in imbalanced datasets. (ox.ac.uk)
  • By any rational standard, the mRNA vaccines are true vaccines in every sense of the word since they end up educating the human immune system to recognize a specific type of viral protein antigen which then causes this now educated immune system to specifically target the COVID-19 virus prior to an actual infection by the live virus. (educatetruth.com)
  • In the present study, sequences of 40 CD8 + T cell epitope candidates, including previously and newly identified, obtained from Jeryl-Lynn mumps vaccine strains were compared with genomes from 462 circulating MuV strains. (mdpi.com)
  • T cell epitopes from Large T antigen of MCPyV display a large sequence variation with other polyomaviruses, but are highly conserved among different strains of MCPyV. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This can most likely be explained by intergenotype sequence diversity leading to the loss of the immunodominant HLA-B27 epitope in viral strains other than genotype 1. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Analysis of the evolutionary forces in an immunodominant CD8 epitope in hepatitis C virus at a population level. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Failure of the adaptive immune response to control infection with the hepatitis C virus (HCV) can result from mutational escape in targeted T-cell epitopes. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Protective effect of human leukocyte antigen B27 in hepatitis C virus infection requires the presence of a genotype-specific immunodominant CD8+ T-cell epitope. (ox.ac.uk)
  • UNLABELLED: Human leukocyte antigen B27 (HLA-B27) is associated with protection in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. (ox.ac.uk)
  • We used a novel in vitro degradation assay involving cytosolic extracts as well as endogenous intracellular processing assays to examine 2 well-characterized HIV-1 Gag overlapping epitopes presented by the same HLA class I allele, one of which is consistently immunodominant and the other subdominant in infected persons. (jci.org)
  • CD8 responses were assessed in vitro for cytotoxicity and in vivo tumor therapy. (bmj.com)
  • Because the antigenic epitope is hidden within the triple helix of the collagen, an environmental factor (eg, smoking, hydrocarbon exposure) presumably is required to unmask the cryptic antigen to the immune system. (medscape.com)
  • The Gag-AI9/H-2K(d) epitope elicited high-avidity CD8 T cell populations with architecturally diverse clonotypic repertoires that displayed potent lytic activity in vivo. (nih.gov)
  • Identification of non-CSP antigens bearing CD8 epitopes in mice immunized with irradiated sporozoites. (wikipedia.org)
  • Injection of a lentiviral vector encoding an MHC class I-restricted T cell epitope of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) and CD40 ligand induced an antigen-specific cytolytic CD8 + T lymphocyte response that protected the mice from infection. (jci.org)
  • The injection of chronically infected mice with a lentiviral vector encoding LCMV MHC class I and II T cell epitopes and a soluble programmed cell death 1 microbody rapidly cleared the virus. (jci.org)
  • A dectin-2 lentivector encoding the human melanoma antigen NY-ESO-1 primed an NY-ESO-1-specific CD8(+) T-cell response in HLA-A2 transgenic mice and stimulated a CD4(+) T-cell response to a newly identified NY-ESO-1 epitope presented by H2 I-A(b). (ox.ac.uk)
  • Tumor protection was mediated by a CD8(+) T-cell-dependent mechanism and did not require CD4(+) help to protect mice 7 days after a boost immunization. (edu.au)
  • Immunization of female C57BL/6 mice with splenocytes from male H60H Tg induced a CD8 T cell primary response and memory respon-se after re-challenge. (molcells.org)
  • Statistical and machine-learning based analyses demonstrated that the MAGE-A3-Mp4 epitope-specific CD8+ T cell clones were mostly in effector and proliferating state. (thno.org)
  • CD8 + CTL clones recognizing minor H antigens were isolated from five patients studied. (aacrjournals.org)
  • In our cohort of subjects with chronic HCV infection (genotype 1b or 3a), it is a frequently recognized CD8 epitope in HLA-A*01-positive subjects. (ox.ac.uk)
  • The predominant Y1444F substitution seemingly impairs binding to the HLA-A*01 molecule, which may have an important impact on the ability to prime a functional CD8 response upon infection. (ox.ac.uk)
  • In order to define the relative contribution of a specific HLA-B27-restricted epitope to the natural course of HCV infection, we compared the biological impact of the highly conserved HCV genotype 1 epitope, for which the protective role has been described, with the corresponding region in genotype 3 that differs in its sequence by three amino acid residues. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Furthermore, patients with acute or chronic infection with HCV genotype 3a did not mount T-cell responses to this epitope region, and their autologous viral sequences showed no evidence of T-cell pressure. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Our results underline the central role of a single HLA-B27-restricted epitope-specific CD8+ T-cell response in mediating protection in HCV genotype 1 infection. (ox.ac.uk)
  • In the present study, we developed a transgenic mouse (designated H60H Tg) expressing a variant of H60, designated H60H, in which the arginine residue at position 4 of the H60 epitope sequence (LTFNYRNL) is replaced by a histidine residue (LTFHYRNL). (molcells.org)
  • However, there were no noteworthy phenotypic differences between epitope-specific CD8 T cell populations across vaccine doses or time points. (nih.gov)
  • Furthermore, specific point mutations in these portable flanking sequences modulated the production and antigenicity of epitopes. (jci.org)
  • Importantly, in vivo the homocitrullinated aldolase specific response was associated with efficient CD8 dependent antitumor therapy of the aggressive murine B16 tumor model indicating that this epitope is naturally presented in the tumor. (bmj.com)
  • Thus, Hcit-specific CD8 T-cell responses have potential in the development of future anticancer therapy. (bmj.com)
  • Numerous T cell responses were detected against MCPyV in both healthy donors and MCC patients, with a striking observation that T cell responses against Large and Small T antigens were found exclusively in MCC patients, suggesting that these oncoproteins are only presented to the immune system in the tumor-bearing host and represent highly specific targets for cancer immunotherapy of MCC. (biomedcentral.com)
  • TRAP uses transfer learning, deep learning architecture and MHC binding information to make context-specific predictions of CD8 + T-cell epitopes. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Long-term CD8 responses were equally enhanced by antigen-specific and universal CD4 help. (edu.au)
  • Limited knowledge is available on the relationship between antigen-specific immune responses and COVID-19 disease severity. (nih.gov)
  • Notably, coordination of SARS-CoV-2 antigen-specific responses was disrupted in individuals ≥ 65 years old. (nih.gov)
  • The magnitude of the antigen-specific component versus the bystander component of a primary T cell response remains controversial. (ox.ac.uk)
  • H60H challenge recruited broadly diverse TCRs to the specific response, shaping a TCR repertoire different from that of the natural H60 epitope. (molcells.org)
  • These results may provide a basis for the modulation of the H60-specific CD8 T-cell response. (molcells.org)
  • To overcome some of these limitations, computational methods for predicting CD8 + T-cell epitopes have emerged. (ox.ac.uk)
  • To determine from a repertoire whether its host had been exposed to a target, computational tools that predict TCR-epitope binding are required. (frontiersin.org)
  • Cross-reactivity risk analysis of the candidates TCRs showed high binding stability to MAGE-A3-Mp4 epitope and low risk of cross-reaction. (thno.org)
  • This work identified candidate TCRs potentially suitable for TCR-T design targeting HLA-A2 restricted MAGE-A3 tumor antigen. (thno.org)
  • The project will be called "Therapeutic CD8 vaccines against conserved E7 HPV epitopes identified by MS.", and the foundations will provide $1.2 million in grant monies for the project. (webpronews.com)
  • In most cases NPC patients also showed detectable responses to CD8 epitopes relevant to their HLA type, the one consistent exception being the absence in patients of a B*4001-restricted response to LMP2. (birmingham.ac.uk)
  • We have recently shown that abnormal expansion of CD8 T subsets in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) results in an inverted CD4:CD8 ratio, and correlates with poorer clinical prognosis (8). (cardiff.ac.uk)
  • Functionally distinct T-cell subsets are broadly identified according to their differential expression of CD4 and CD8 coreceptors. (cdc.gov)
  • Quantifying peripheral T-cell responses to the large- and small T-antigens in patient groups and healthy donors by ELISpot showed that like with other polyomaviruses, responses were weak. (bham.ac.uk)
  • or both chains is convergent selection in response to a common antigen. (elifesciences.org)
  • The response was CD4 help-depen-dent, demonstrating the potency of H60H as a cellular antigen. (molcells.org)
  • The response induced by the H60H cellular antigen was comparable to that induced by H60 in its peak magnitude and overall immune kinetics. (molcells.org)
  • Here, we have demonstrated that endogenous processing and presentation of a human immunodominant HIV-1 epitope is more efficient than that of a subdominant epitope. (jci.org)
  • Recently, the first set of naturally presented human leukocyte antigen Class I (HLA-I) epitopes of MuV was identified by us. (mdpi.com)
  • In addition, the homocitrullinated aldolase epitope was also detected in human tumor samples. (bmj.com)
  • In the second part of this review, we provide evidence that frequent exercise enhances-rather than suppresses-immune competency, and highlight key findings from human vaccination studies which show heightened responses to bacterial and viral antigens following bouts of exercise. (frontiersin.org)
  • How does the fact that there's an extra step involved in producing the vaccine's protein-based antigen(s) within the human body somehow mean that the final result isn't a true vaccine? (educatetruth.com)
  • In contrast, the Pol-LI9/H-2D(d) epitope elicited motif-constrained CD8 T cell repertoires that displayed lower levels of physical avidity and lytic activity despite equivalent measures of overall clonality. (nih.gov)
  • Analysis of CD8 T cell reactivity to cytomegalovirus using protein-spanning pools of overlapping pentadecapeptides. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • the viable epidermis has been achieved, and protein adducts have been formed, there is a need for antigen processing. (cdc.gov)