Epithelial stem cells. Medical search. Frequent questions

In this study, we investigated the maintenance of hESCs and their differentiation into RPE using Synthemax II-SC, which is a novel, synthetic animal-derived component-free, RGD peptide-containing copolymer compliant with good manufacturing practices designed for xeno-free stem cell culture. (ca.gov)
Cancer stem cells, as a source in cancer invasion and metastasis, possess powerful potential of differentiation. (bmj.com)
Methods Spheroid culture with serum-free medium was used for enriching ovarian cancer stem cell-like cells (CSC-LCs) from 3AO cell line, and a medium with 10% fetal bovine serum was used to induce the differentiation of CSC-LCs. (bmj.com)
IQGAP1 expression was decreased in ovarian CSC-LCs compared with parental 3AO cells, but increased de novo during the differentiation of CSC-LCs. (bmj.com)
Conclusions Increased IQGAP1 expression during the differentiation of CSC-LCs is involved in an aggressive cell behavior, which may contribute to metastasis of ovarian cancer. (bmj.com)
CSCs may generate tumors through the stem cell processes of self-renewal and differentiation into multiple cell types. (wikipedia.org)
In different tumor subtypes, cells within the tumor population exhibit functional heterogeneity and tumors are formed from cells with various proliferative and differentiation capacities. (wikipedia.org)
In this study we investigated the role of epigenetic regulation of CD133 in epithelial differentiation and cancer. (biomedcentral.com)
This indicates that CD133 expression is not altered in prostate cancer and it is consistent with an important role for CD133 in the maintenance of the hierarchical cell differentiation patterns in cancer. (biomedcentral.com)
As in normal tissues, a small percentage of cancer cells can persist and initiate new tumour growth (tumour-initiating cells or cancer stem cells - CSCs), while most cells proceed to terminal differentiation [ 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
The authors sought to identify mechanisms driving the differentiation of mucus cells during the bronchiolisation process. (bmj.com)
Methods Pathways governing airway mucus cell differentiation include SRY (sex determining region Y)-box 2 (SOX2), Notch, forkhead box A3(FOXA3)/SAM pointed domain containing ETS transcription factor (SPDEF), epidermal growth factor (EGF) and the EGF-related neuregulins NRG1α and NRG1β. (bmj.com)
Results In IPF, the bronchiolised and enlarged distal airspaces stained for SOX2 are consistent with epithelial differentiation characteristic of conducting airway epithelium. (bmj.com)
In this work, pathways governing mucus cell differentiation were investigated in lung tissues from patients with IPF and other chronic pulmonary disorders. (bmj.com)
Neuregulin1α, which drives mucus cell differentiation in vitro, was expressed in normal airway submucosal glands and in lungs from patients with IPF. (bmj.com)
Activation of abnormal respiratory epithelial differentiation programs may contribute to the expression of MUC5B and bronchiolisation of the distal lung, a salient feature of IPF. (bmj.com)
To date, RUNX2 has been involved in diverse physiological processes, including osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells, chondrocyte hypertrophy, immunomodulation, vascular invasion and endothelial cell migration via modulating a variety of signaling cascades (e.g. (spandidos-publications.com)
Written by Kirsty E. Clarke, Victoria B. Christie, Andy Whiting and Stefan A. Przyborski, this review provides an overview of the use of small molecules in the control of stem cell growth and differentiation. (tocris.com)
This poster summarizes some key protocols demonstrating the use of small molecules across the stem cell workflow, from reprogramming, through self-renewal, storage and differentiation to verification. (tocris.com)
Written by Rebecca Quelch and Stefan Przyborski from Durham University (UK), this poster describes the isolation of pluripotent stem cells, their maintenance in culture, differentiation, and the generation and potential uses of organoids. (tocris.com)
Our Stem Cells review gives an overview of the use of small molecules in the control of stem cell growth & differentiation and somatic cell reprogramming. (tocris.com)
Toward this goal, we propose to compare the behavior of nerve cell differentiation in multiple lines of hESCs in one laboratory setting. (ca.gov)
We will further characterize molecular changes during directed cell differentiation and identify the cells that exhibit a pattern of DNA modification, namely DNA methylation, similar to primary neural cells in human brain. (ca.gov)
We are now ready to compare the property of different lines of nerve cells such as the efficiency of nerve cell differentiation and the preferential production of specific nerve cells in culture. (ca.gov)
By engineering stem cells carrying different levels of methylation, we aim to find the optimal levels of DNA methylation for efficient nerve cell differentiation. (ca.gov)
Aim: To detect the expression of molecules associated with Notch signaling pathway in stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) cultured in specific differentiation medium, namely, keratinocyte growth medium (KGM). (bvsalud.org)
Notch-1, Jagged-1, Jagged-2, and stem cell marker Nanog are expressed in SHED cultured in KGM which may be involved in the differentiation into epithelial-like cells in human dental pulp tissues. (bvsalud.org)
Since the Notch signaling pathway molecules play an important role in differentiation of epithelial cells, it is important to identify the presence of notch signaling molecules in SHED during the process of cell differentiation. (bvsalud.org)
The Notch signaling pathway provides important intercellular signaling mechanisms essential for cell fate specification and it regulates differentiation and proliferation of stem or progenitor cells by para-inducing effects 3-4 . (bvsalud.org)
Notch signaling pathway is also involved in the regulation of epithelial cell differentiation in various tissues 5-6 . (bvsalud.org)
Recent advances in live imaging and genetics of mammalian division, movement and cell differentiation leading to development which integrate observations of biochemical tissue formation [14 ]. (lu.se)

G. Shieh, W. Yang, C. Wu and A. Shiau, Lactate promoting cancer stem cell phenotype and inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition, Urological Science (2016). (scipedia.com)

Signals that regulate epithelial regeneration upon stem cell injury are largely unknown. (nature.com)
Upon Lgr5 + cell depletion, these cells are recruited to contribute to crypt regeneration. (nature.com)
Chemical injury induced by DSS leads to a loss of both Lgr5 + cells and Axin2 + cells and epithelial regeneration is driven by Axin2 − cells, including differentiated Krt20 + surface enterocytes. (nature.com)
Regeneration requires stromal Rspo3, which is present at increased levels upon injury and reprograms Lgr5 − but Lgr4 + differentiated cells. (nature.com)
This Rspo3-driven regeneration program is supported by injury-induced stromal remodeling, and is essential for epithelial recovery. (nature.com)
Thus, we find that endogenous Rspo3 signaling is a critical determinant of cellular fate within the crypt and stimulates rapid recruitment of differentiated cells for epithelial wound healing and crypt regeneration through induction of Wnt signaling. (nature.com)
To date little is known about these somatic stem cell niches or their contribution to pancreatic epithelial regeneration and cancer. (nebraska.edu)
This proposal is focused on characterizing the role of the PDG compartment in epithelial regeneration and carcinogenesis. (nebraska.edu)
SA1] The experiments proposed in this aim will determine the role of PDG as an epithelial progenitor stem cell niche responsible for epithelial renewal and regeneration. (nebraska.edu)
In order to better characterize this two stem cell population we propose a developmental sub-aim to evaluate the transcriptome by mRNA-Seq from minimal (10-cell) samples in order to identify unique markers for these cells, as well as understand key pathways that regulate this compartment during regeneration and inflammatory metaplasia. (nebraska.edu)
Residual pools of adult stem cells are hypothesized to be the source of lung regeneration and repair. (nih.gov)
The epithelial stem cells, when implanted into immunocompromised mice, regenerated the different cell types of human skin and hair follicles, and even produced structurally recognizable hair shaft, raising the possibility that they may eventually enable hair regeneration in people. (scienceblog.com)
Gregorieff and his colleagues exposed mice to 12 Grays of whole-body radiation and isolated single cells from their intestinal epithelium, including their intestinal crypts, for transcriptional profiling to tease out cells involved in epithelial regeneration. (genomeweb.com)
Victoria Ptasinski defended her Ph.D. thesis 'Alveolar Progenitor Cells in Lung Damage and Regeneration in Pulmonary Fibrosis' on Monday, November 27, 2023. (lu.se)
The scientists at the University of California San Diego report on a method of removing cataracts while preserving epithelial stem/progenitor cells (LECs), which have an important role in lens regeneration. (medscape.com)
Commenting on the study in a statement, Dr Dusko Ilic, reader in stem cell science at King's College London, says: "The basic science research led to the hypothesis that preserving and stimulating autologous stem cells in the eye might promote regeneration of a surgically removed lens. (medscape.com)
and stem cell regeneration. (lu.se)

The formation of CSCs is highly associated with cancer cell epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), which contributes to the plasticity of cancer cells and comprises an initial step for metastasis. (ku.edu)
In this study, we explored the role of lactate shuttle induced by HK2 in cancer stem cell formation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) between bladder cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. (scipedia.com)
Upon its transition to the precancerous Barrett's esophagus epithelium, however, a small dedicated stem cell compartment appears that supports proliferation of the epithelium while concomitantly evidence for a stochastically dividing compartment contributing to the maintenance of the tissue disappears. (wikipedia.org)
The effects of IL15 secreted by GCMSCs on GC development were evaluated by detecting the stemness, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and migration abilities of GC cell lines . (bvsalud.org)
TG2 expression correlated with tumour advancement and expression of markers of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). (oncotarget.com)
The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a key process in successful execution of many steps such as the invasion and metastasis for cancer cells. (elsevierpure.com)
The protein kinase C (PKC) activator phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) induces transition of the epithelial MCF-7 cell line to a mesenchymal phenotype. (edu.au)
We profiled the transcriptome changes associated with the epithelial to mesenchymal transition and those that occurred in the CSC subset. (edu.au)
Furthermore, EIF5B knockdown suppressed epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and the cancer stem cell (CSC) phenotype. (techscience.com)
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a dynamic process involved in cancer metastasis wherein cancer cells with epithelial characteristics acquire mesenchymal characteristics such as increased motility, invasion, and survival [ 6 ]. (techscience.com)

In these neurogenic niches, the adult neural stem cells (aNSCs) generate new neurons that are critical for establishing factual memories and mood control. (helmholtz.de)

The EasySep™ Mouse Epithelial Cell Enrichment Kit II is designed to isolate epithelial cells from freshly dissociated mouse mammary tissues by immunomagnetic negative selection. (stemcell.com)
Epithelial ovarian cancers (EOC) are a complex group of tumors that arise from multiple different precursor tissues, and the most common EOC subtype (high-grade serous) is now thought to originate in both the ovary and the fallopian tube. (ocrahope.org)
Hence, at least for certain neoplastic tissues, dedicated stem cell compartments maintain and enlarge the size of the transformed compartment The cancer stem cell model, also known as the Hierarchical Model proposes that tumors are hierarchically organized (CSCs lying at the apex (Fig. 3). (wikipedia.org)
The term "oncotarget" encompasses all molecules, pathways, cellular functions, cell types, and even tissues that can be viewed as targets relevant to cancer as well as other diseases. (oncotarget.com)
CD133 is a marker for adult stem cells in various tissues and tumour types. (biomedcentral.com)
It plays a crucial role in preserving the hierarchical structure of tissues and is involved in maintaining stemness and fate determination of adult stem cells [ 2 , 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Indeed, CD133 + cells from human primary tissues represent a very small subpopulation (0.1-3.0% of the total prostatic epithelium) located in the basal compartment. (biomedcentral.com)
Adult stem cell-based organoid technology is a versatile tool for the generation and long-term maintenance of near-native 3D epithelial tissues in vitro. (nature.com)
Here, we provide an overview of the protocols used by different groups to establish organoids from various epithelial tissues and cancers, plus the different protocols subsequently used to test the in vitro therapy sensitivity of these patient-derived organoids. (nature.com)
To investigate the involvement of stem cells in Epstein-Barr virus infection-related nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), we used double immunofluorescence staining to examine several cancer stem/progenitor cell markers (CD44v6, CD24, and ALDH1A1) in NPC tissues and NPC cell lines. (hindawi.com)
The staining intensity of 8-nitroguanine was significantly higher in cancer cells and inflammatory cells in the stroma of NPC tissues than in chronic nasopharyngitis tissues. (hindawi.com)
Expression levels of CD44v6 and ALDH1A1 were significantly increased in cancer cells of primary NPC specimens in comparison to chronic nasopharyngitis tissues. (hindawi.com)
8-Nitroguanine was detected in both CD44v6- and ALDH1A1-positive stem cells in NPC tissues. (hindawi.com)
In the present study, we investigated the expression profile and prognostic potential of EIF5B in HCC tissues and cell lines. (techscience.com)
Scientists have identified and described stem cells specific to several tissues and organs of the body -- key master cells that give rise to the specialized cell types characteristic of that organ. (sciencedaily.com)
Stem cells have potential as a source of cells and tissues for research and treatment of disease. (tocris.com)
Stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) are multipotent stem cells derived from the pulp tissues of extracted deciduous teeth 1 . (bvsalud.org)

Tumor cells can extrude and shuttle lactate to neighboring cancer cells, adjacent stromal cells, and vascular endothelial cells to induce signaling molecular change. (scipedia.com)
Essentially this theory proposes that all cells have the ability to be tumorigenic making all tumor cells equipotent with the ability to self-renew or differentiate, leading to tumor heterogeneity while others can differentiate into non-CSCs The cell's potential can be influenced by unpredicted genetic or epigenetic factors, resulting in phenotypically diverse cells in both the tumorigenic and non-tumorigenic cells that compose the tumor. (wikipedia.org)
According to the "stochastic model" (or "clonal evolution model") every cancer cell in a tumor could gain the ability to self-renew and differentiate to the numerous and heterogeneous lineages of cancer cells that compromise a tumor These mutations could progressively accumulate and enhance the resistance and fitness of cells that allow them to outcompete other tumor cells, better known as the somatic evolution model. (wikipedia.org)
Several studies show that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) homing to tumors not only provide the microenvironment for tumor cells but also promote tumor growth and metastasis . (bvsalud.org)
Cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) are associated with cancer progression, metastasis, and recurrence, and may also represent a subset of circulating tumor cells (CTCs). (biorxiv.org)

Effects of lactate exposure on cell proliferation, morphologic change and cancer stem cell phenotype were analyzed in human bladder cancer cells. (scipedia.com)
Stable HK2 overexpression induced cell proliferation, and showed morphologic changes with gain of cancer stem cell markers. (scipedia.com)
We demonstrate that CD117+ cells display increased proliferation and migration. (biorxiv.org)
Further, in cell lines, CD117 activation by SCF promotes faster proliferation and invasiveness, while blocking CD117 activation with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) decreased progression in a context-dependent manner. (biorxiv.org)
Down-regulation of EIF5B significantly decreased proliferation and invasiveness of the HCC cells. (techscience.com)
Epithelial Sodium Channel Regulates Adult Neural Stem Cell Proliferation in a Flow-Dependent Manner. (oeaw.ac.at)

Biologically indeterminate yet ordered promiscuous gene expression in single medullary thymic epithelial cells. (ox.ac.uk)
To induce central T-cell tolerance, medullary thymic epithelial cells (mTEC) collectively express most protein-coding genes, thereby presenting an extensive library of tissue-restricted antigens (TRAs). (ox.ac.uk)
Zhao Y.(2011).Mouse embryonic stem cell-derived thymic epithelial cell progenitors enhance T-cell reconstitution after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. (ioz.ac.cn)

The animal survival and lung metastasis were assessed in a mouse subcutaneous model using TSGH8301 cells with HK2-overexpression clones. (scipedia.com)
At least two populations of epithelial stem/progenitor cells give rise to the lung anlage, comprising the laryngo-tracheal complex versus the distal lung below the first bronchial bifurcation. (nih.gov)
Alternatively, exogenous stem/progenitor cells can be delivered into the lung either intravenously, intratracheally, or by direct injection. (nih.gov)
Sources of exogenous stem/progenitor cells that are currently under evaluation in the context of acute lung injury repair include embryonic stem cells, bone marrow- or fat-derived mesenchymal stem cells, circulating endothelial progenitors, and, recently, amniotic fluid stem/progenitor cells. (nih.gov)
Further work will be needed to translate stem/progenitor cell therapy for the lung. (nih.gov)
Image shows the expression of an adult stem cell signature marker (dark brown) in less aggressive lung cancer cells (left) and highly aggressive lung cancer cells (right). (ucla.edu)
Recent advances in isolating epithelial progenitor cells and stromal cells, as well as defining niche factors important for lung development, have led to the establishment of an in vitro 3D lung culture system: pulmonary (lung) organoids. (stemcell.com)
Recent progress isolating lung epithelial progenitor and stromal cells, as well as defining stem cell niche factors that are important for lung development, has led to the establishment of an in vitro three-dimensional (3D) culture system: lung organoids 2 , also known as airway organoids or pulmonary organoids. (stemcell.com)
The lung is a complex organ composed of many types of epithelial cells, immune cells, endothelial cells and stromal cells. (stemcell.com)
Induction of stem-like cells with malignant properties by chronic exposure of human lung epithelial cells to single-walled carbon nanotube s. (cdc.gov)
Methods: Non-tumorigenic human lung epithelial cells were chronically exposed to well-dispersed SWCNT for a period of 6 months at the physiologically relevant concentration of 0.02 mu g/cm(2) surface area dose. (cdc.gov)
Non-small cell lung cancer cells served as a positive control. (cdc.gov)
Results: We demonstrated for the first time the existence of CSC-like cells in all clones of chronic SWCNT-exposed lung epithelial cells. (cdc.gov)
These CSC-like cells, in contrary to their non-CSC counterpart, possessed all biological features of lung CSC that are central to irreversible malignant transformation, self-renewal, aggressive cancer behaviors, and in vivo tumorigenesis. (cdc.gov)
In vitro generation of human pluripotent stem cell derived lung organoids. (nature.com)
In doing so, I have turned my attention toward the cells that form the barrier of the lung facing the outer environment. (lu.se)

Defined culture of human embryonic stem cells and xeno-free derivation of retinal pigmented epithelial cells on a novel, synthetic substrate. (ca.gov)
Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) can generate an unlimited source of RPE for cellular therapies, and clinical trials have been initiated. (ca.gov)

We performed a controlled multicenter study to examine the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of allogeneic corneal epithelial stem cells in the treatment of bilateral LSCD. (liverpool.ac.uk)
Patients were randomized to receive corneal epithelial stem cells cultured on amniotic membrane (AM): investigational medicinal product (IMP) or control AM only. (liverpool.ac.uk)
This first randomized control trial of allogeneic corneal epithelial stem cells in severe bilateral LSCD demonstrates the feasibility and safety of this approach. (liverpool.ac.uk)
However, treatment with various approaches, including exogenous WNT5A methylation inhibitors and a nanoconjugate that inhibits WNT5A suppression, improved corneal epithelial wound healing as well as expression of the limbic epithelial stem cells. (medscape.com)
Overall, Wnt-5a is a new corneal epithelial wound healing stimulator that can be targeted to improve wound healing and stem cells in the diabetic cornea," write Ruchi Shah, PhD, of the Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, and colleagues. (medscape.com)

Autologous limbal stem cell transplantation is effective in unilateral or partial bilateral disease but not applicable in total bilateral disease. (liverpool.ac.uk)
Summary of Research Progress: Our research aims to identify the optimal culture conditions and the best hESC lines for the derivation of nerve lineage cells in therapeutic cell transplantation. (ca.gov)
Finally, cell transplantation in a mouse stroke model will be used to study the mechanisms and efficacy of different types of hESC-derived neural cells in neural repair. (ca.gov)
Finally, we also made excellent progress on the procedure of cell transplantation. (ca.gov)
We have found a suitable substrate that can be used to enhance neuronal survival after cell transplantation and we expect to publish a research paper in this new method of cell transplantation. (ca.gov)
Recent news of an impending clinical cell transplantation trial in Parkinson's disease using parthenogenetic stem cells as a source of donor tissue have raised hopes in the patient community and sparked discussion in the research community. (lu.se)
Based on discussions held by a global collaborative initiative on translation of stem cell therapy in Parkinson's disease, we have identified a set of key questions that we believe should be addressed ahead of every clinical stem cell-based transplantation trial in this disorder. (lu.se)

Scaffolding IQ domain GTPase-activating protein 1 (IQGAP1) plays a key role in the invasion and metastasis of cancer cells, but IQGAP1's role in cancer stem cells including ovarian cancer was unclear. (bmj.com)
Such cells are hypothesized to persist in tumors as a distinct population and cause relapse and metastasis by giving rise to new tumors. (wikipedia.org)
Our data proved that the high concentration of IL15 in tumor microenvironment , which was mainly secreted by GCMSCs, may contribute to tumor cell metastasis and offer a new opportunity to develop effective therapeutics for intercepting tumor progression. (bvsalud.org)

These pools have been located within the basal layer of the upper airways, within or near pulmonary neuroendocrine cell rests, at the bronchoalveolar junction as well as within the alveolar epithelial surface. (nih.gov)
Strategies to enhance endogenous alveolar epithelial repair could include protection of epithelial progenitors from injury and/or stimulation of endogenous progenitor cell function. (nih.gov)
The alveolar epithelium is lined with type I and II alveolar epithelial cells (AECs). (stemcell.com)

Limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD) is a disease resulting from the loss or dysfunction of epithelial stem cells, which seriously impairs sight. (liverpool.ac.uk)

One of the main characteristics of stem cells is their ability to self-renew to maintain a tissue for a lifetime. (whiterose.ac.uk)
Little is know about normal tissue stem cells in these organs, but we are able to selectively culture these cells in our laboratory. (ocrahope.org)
Unexpectedly, 50 modules of genes were robustly defined each showing patterns of co-expression within individual cells, which were mainly not explicable by chromosomal location, biological pathway or tissue specificity. (ox.ac.uk)
An allogeneic source of transplantable cells for use in total bilateral disease can be obtained from culture of donated cadaveric corneal tissue. (liverpool.ac.uk)
Tissue stem cells are restricted to the α 2 β 1 integrin hi population, have a high colony-forming ability and proliferative potential, and are able to regenerate fully differentiated prostate epithelium in vivo. (biomedcentral.com)
Inflammation-associated tissue injury may activate stem/progenitor cells, and mutagenic stimuli from inflammation can accumulate multiple mutations and epigenetic changes in stem/progenitor cells [ 3 , 10 ]. (hindawi.com)
Damage-induced expansion of revSCs - rather than a resident regenerative stem cell or general cell plasticity - may therefore be a key mechanism that underlies tissue repair in response to injury," the researchers wrote in their paper. (genomeweb.com)
of the most critical events which lead to tissue patterning involves mechanisms going beyond single cells. (lu.se)

The intricate molecular mechanisms involved in the regenerative process of the normal intestine and the identity of putative somatic intestinal stem cells have become clear. (mdpi.com)
Multipotent LGR5 + crypt-based columnar cells typically power intestinal epithelium turnover, but these cells are lost after injury like radiation, according to researchers led by Alex Gregorieff from Mount Sinai Hospital in Toronto. (genomeweb.com)
Despite their loss, the intestinal epithelium is able to recover, which has suggested that other cells step in to regenerate the epithelium. (genomeweb.com)
Through single-cell RNA sequencing of damaged mouse intestinal cells, Gregorieff and his colleagues uncovered a population of rare, typically quiescent cells they called revival stem cells (revSCs). (genomeweb.com)
As they reported today in Nature , these cells can give rise to the major intestinal cell types. (genomeweb.com)
One cluster of cells the researchers identified - dubbed SSC1 - encompassed most of the proliferating cells within undamaged intestinal crypts and was suppressed by irradiation. (genomeweb.com)
This, they added, indicated that CLU + SSC2c cells are rare, quiescent crypt cells that are induced by intestinal damage in a YAP1-dependent manner. (genomeweb.com)
These cells, which the researchers dubbed revSC, can reconstitute LGR5 + cells to restore intestinal crypts. (genomeweb.com)
Clearance of small intestinal crypts involves goblet cell mucus secretion by intracellular granule rupture and enterocyte ion transport. (gu.se)
Sigalling and trafficking of the cysteinyl leukotriene receptors in intestinal epithelial cells. (lu.se)
Regulation of survival and proliferationof human intestinal epithelial cells by leukotriene D4. (lu.se)

2018 . DOI : 10.1016/j.cell.2018.01.028. (epfl.ch)
Stem Cells Dev;27(17): 1203-1214, 2018 09 01. (bvsalud.org)
Cell 173 , 515-528 (2018). (nature.com)

In this study we will isolate and characterize stem cells from normal ovaries and fallopian tubes and compare the molecular profiles to stem cells from ovarian cancers, to identify common markers between the groups. (ocrahope.org)
The HK2 expression was significantly higher in bladder cancers compared with normal cells. (scipedia.com)
High HK2 expression in bladder cancers induced oversecretion of lactate, which was associated with metastatic behaviors through the cancer stem cell formation, EMT promotion and nuclear translocation of phosphorylated NF-κB and Twist1. (scipedia.com)
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are cancer cells (found within tumors or hematological cancers) that possess characteristics associated with normal stem cells, specifically the ability to give rise to all cell types found in a particular cancer sample. (wikipedia.org)
The ability to see and trace these cells gives a green light to efforts to understand the origins of one of the world's most common cancers. (sciencedaily.com)
In addition, since the stem cells are the longest-lived of the gastric cells, it is thought that these are the only cells that live long enough to accumulate the multiple mutations that can cause cancers. (sciencedaily.com)
Since gastric cancers often occur in the context of inflammation, we were interested to determine whether these progenitor cells are affected by inflammatory conditions," says Qiao. (sciencedaily.com)

Immunofluorescence was for detecting the stem markers OCT4 and SOX2. (bmj.com)
In response to lactate exposure, nuclear translocation of NF-κB phosphorylation and Twist1 as well as mesenchymal markers was promoted in human bladder cancer cells. (scipedia.com)
A subset of the resulting mesenchymal cells has surface markers characteristics of a cancer stem cell (CSC) population. (edu.au)
These cells also displayed aberrant stem cell markers, notably Nanog, SOX-2, SOX-17 and E-cadherin. (cdc.gov)
Furthermore, we identified specific stem cell surface markers CD24(low) and CD133(high) that are associated with SWCNT-induced CSC formation and tumorigenesis. (cdc.gov)
In conclusion, CD44v6 and ALDH1A1 are candidate stem cell markers for NPC, and the increased formation of DNA lesions by inflammation may result in the mutation of stem cells, leading to tumor development in NPC. (hindawi.com)
There were no effective markers or tags that we could use to clearly discriminate the stem or progenitor cells from other cells. (sciencedaily.com)
To spot and watch the progenitor cells at work, Gumucio's team, under lead author Xiaotan T Qiao, Ph.D., a U-M Medical School research associate, had to get past the hurdle that has deterred the search for stomach stem cells so far -- finding effective markers, which act like identification tags to make tracing possible. (sciencedaily.com)

Our data showed that knockdown of HuR in pancreatic cancer cells significantly inhibited cell migration, invasion, and stem-like features. (ku.edu)
Restoration of HuR in HuR deleted (KO) pancreatic cancer cells enhanced migration and enriched CSC population. (ku.edu)
As an HuR/mRNA disruptor, KH-3 treatment successfully mimicked the effects of HuR knockdown in pancreatic cancer cell lines: KH-3 significantly inhibited pancreatic cancer cell migration, invasion, tumor sphere formation and EMT. (ku.edu)
In this study we introduced micropockets into biodegradable microfabricated membranes and explored the potential contribution of these structures to limbal cell migration and their ability to deliver cells to a 3D cornea model. (whiterose.ac.uk)
Results indicate that the micropockets enhance the migration of cells from limbal explants and cells transfer readily from the membranes to the ex vivo cornea model. (whiterose.ac.uk)
We found that IL15 derived from GCMSCs enhanced stemness, induced EMT and promoted migration of GC cell lines . (bvsalud.org)
Cell migration and invasion were assessed using wound-healing assay and modified Boyden chamber assay, respectively. (elsevierpure.com)
Introduction of Snail induced EMT properties in HNSCC cells and enhanced cell migration and invasion. (elsevierpure.com)
CSC-like cells were isolated using fluorescence-activated cell sorting and were assessed for aggressive behaviors, including acquired apoptosis resistance and increased cell migration and invasion in vitro, and tumor-initiating capability in vivo. (cdc.gov)
The central corneal endothelium is removed, and the use of topical rho kinase inhibitors speeds the migration of peripheral corneal endothelium cells to fill the defect. (msdmanuals.com)
Role of DARPP-32 in Breast Cancer Cell Signalling and Migration. (lu.se)
Involvement of eicosanoid signalling in epithelial cell migration. (lu.se)

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is known to have a poor prognosis. (elsevierpure.com)
We also provide an in-depth protocol for the generation of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma organoids and their subsequent use in semi-automated therapy screens. (nature.com)

Conclusions: Our findings provide new and compelling evidence for the acquisition of CSC-like cells induced by chronic SWCNT exposure, which are likely to be a major driving force for SWCNT tumorigenesis. (cdc.gov)
These cells are defined as tumor-initiating cells or rare cells with indefinite potential for self-renewal that drives tumorigenesis [ 15 ]. (hindawi.com)

TGFβ1 regulation was not observed in the metastatic SW620 cell line, but TG2 knockdown or inhibition in SW620 reversed EMT. (oncotarget.com)
β-Catenin and TG2 was also upregulated in SW620 spheroid cells enriched with cancer stem cell marker CD44 and TG2 inhibition/knockdown reduced the spheroid forming potential of SW620 cells. (oncotarget.com)

Cancer Lett, 300:215-224.doi:10.1016/j. squamous cell carcinoma in north-eastern Iran. (who.int)

This constant replacement of the epithelium is driven by cells located in the base of colonic crypts, which constantly divide and give rise to the various differentiated cell types. (nature.com)
The major cell types of the large airway epithelium are goblet cells that produce and secrete mucus, ciliated cells that promote mucus motility through coordinated movement of their apical cilia, and basal cells that line the basement membrane and do not contact the apical surface of the epithelium. (stemcell.com)
In the bronchioles, the cuboidal epithelium contains secretory club cells and fewer ciliated cells than in more proximal airway regions. (stemcell.com)
The corneal epithelium is composed of stratified squamous epithelial cells on the outer surface of the eye, which acts as a protective barrier and is critical for clear and stable vision. (wjgnet.com)
In particular, they noted control crypts had 2.5-fold more LGR5 + CBC cells, as compared to the epithelium, but after radiation, 90 percent of those cells were lost. (genomeweb.com)

Pancreatic cancer is enriched with cancer stem cells (CSCs), which contribute to its high metastatic tendency and resistance to treatments. (ku.edu)
The data demonstrated that inhibition of HuR destabilized SNAI1 mRNA, and subsequently reduced Snail protein levels, resulting in the EMT and CSCs inhibition in pancreatic cancer cells. (ku.edu)
CSCs are therefore tumorigenic (tumor-forming), perhaps in contrast to other non-tumorigenic cancer cells. (wikipedia.org)
As CSCs form a small proportion of the tumor, this may not necessarily select for drugs that act specifically on the stem cells. (wikipedia.org)
A subset of cancer cells undergoing EMT acquire characteristics of stem cells and are designated as cancer stem cells (CSCs) [ 8 ]. (techscience.com)

We hypothesized that the acquisition of cancer stem cells (CSC), a subpopulation that drive tumor initiation and progression, may contribute to CNT carcinogenesis. (cdc.gov)
During inflammation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) are generated from inflammatory cells and are considered to play key roles in carcinogenesis [ 3 ]. (hindawi.com)
Recently, evidence has accumulated showing that stem cells are involved in inflammation-related carcinogenesis. (hindawi.com)

Now, for the first time, we have the experimental tools to ask important questions, like, 'Does stomach cancer really arise from mutations in this progenitor cell population? (sciencedaily.com)

Recently, it has been shown that Snail-induced EMT could induce a cancer stem cell (CSC)-like phenotype in a number of tumor types. (elsevierpure.com)

Before this work, we knew that stem cells existed in the stomach, but we had no way to precisely identify them," says Gumucio, who directs the U-M Center for Organogenesis and is a professor in the Department of Cell and Developmental Biology at the U-M Medical School. (sciencedaily.com)

This highlights the crucial choice of cell model systems when studying epigenetic control in cancer biology and stem cell biology. (biomedcentral.com)
Xu and his team, which includes researchers from Penn's departments of Dermatology and Biology, as well as the New Jersey Institute of Technology, started with human skin cells called dermal fibroblasts. (scienceblog.com)

Although cultured limbal epithelial cells have been used to regenerate scarred corneas for more than 15 years, the culture strategies do not deliver cells under the physiological conditions they experience in vivo. (whiterose.ac.uk)
We propose that normal stem cells, that usually regenerate the epithelia linings of the ovary and fallopian tube, may be cells of origin for EOC. (ocrahope.org)
Unlike the liver and skin, where cells divide to create new daughter cells and regenerate the organ, cells in the proximal tubules of the kidney are mitotically quiescent - they do not divide to create new cells. (scitechdaily.com)
In most scenarios, if kidney cells are severely injured, they will die, and they cannot regenerate," said Zheng, a Distinguished Chair in Natural Sciences and Mathematics. (scitechdaily.com)
One potential approach to reversing hair loss uses stem cells to regenerate the missing or dying hair follicles. (scienceblog.com)
Collectively, our results identify revSCs as a slow-cycling cell type that arises in damaged intestines following YAP1-dependent signaling to reconstitute LGR5 + CBCs and regenerate the intestine," they wrote. (genomeweb.com)

Our preliminary data suggests that this compartment has at least two populations of stem cells, label retaining cells (LRC) and transient amplifying cells (TA). (nebraska.edu)

This has been studied mainly in the small intestine, where different cell types such as enterocyte progenitors 4 , more differentiated secretory Bmi1 + cells 3 , or even fully differentiated Paneth cells can repopulate crypts upon injury. (nature.com)

As reported in a Penn news release , Xiaowei "George" Xu, MD, PhD, associate professor of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Dermatology at the Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, and colleagues published in Nature Communications a method for converting adult cells into epithelial stem cells (EpSCs), the first time anyone has achieved this in either humans or mice. (scienceblog.com)
The abnormal wound healing is due to impaired limbal epithelial stem cells, and the new research, published online July 18 in Diabetologia , involved isolation of those cells from 30 donor eyes of humans with and 23 without diabetes. (medscape.com)

Stem cells' unique characteristics are thought to be at least partially due to their location within enclosed protective microenvironments or niches. (whiterose.ac.uk)
This model suggests that only certain subpopulations of cancer stem cells have the ability to drive the progression of cancer, meaning that there are specific (intrinsic) characteristics that can be identified and then targeted to destroy a tumor long-term without the need to battle the whole tumor. (wikipedia.org)

Within the cancer population of the tumors there are cancer stem cells (CSC) that are tumorigenic cells and are biologically distinct from other subpopulations They have two defining features: their long-term ability to self-renew and their capacity to differentiate into progeny that is non-tumorigenic but still contributes to the growth of the tumor. (wikipedia.org)
The chronic inflammation eventually leads to changes in the character of the surrounding stomach cells and ultimately, over several years, to tumors. (sciencedaily.com)

By adding three genes, they converted those cells into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), which have the capability to differentiate into any cell types in the body. (scienceblog.com)
They can differentiate into cells of the mesodermal lineage, such as adipocytes, and osteocytes. (tocris.com)
SHED was able to differentiate into epithelial like cells when cultured in keratinocyte growth medium (KGM) 2 . (bvsalud.org)

We identify two populations of cells with active Wnt signaling: highly proliferative Lgr5 + /Axin2 + cells, as well as secretory Lgr5 − /Axin2 + cells. (nature.com)
Lgr5 is a well-established marker of these basal stem cells in the gastrointestinal tract 1 and lineage tracing experiments have demonstrated that Lgr5 + cells give rise to clonal cell populations establishing entire colonic crypts 2 . (nature.com)

In vitro and in viv strategies are also proposed to determine if these cells have multipotential capacity. (nebraska.edu)

rather, this property is limited to a subset of cells termed "cancer stem cells" [ 15 , 16 ]. (hindawi.com)
Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) are a heterogeneous subset of stromal stem cells that originate from the mesoderm layer of the fetus. (tocris.com)

Studies have highlighted a role for Hexokinase 2 (HK2) in facilitating tumor growth and lactate production, which is downstream product of HK2 reaction in cancer cells. (scipedia.com)
This functional heterogeneity among cancer cells has led to the creation of multiple propagation models to account for heterogeneity and differences in tumor-regenerative capacity: the cancer stem cell (CSC) and stochastic model. (wikipedia.org)
To determine how CD117 expression and activation by its ligand stem cell factor (SCF, kit ligand, steel factor) alter prostate cancer aggressiveness, we used LNCaP-C4-2 and PC3-mm human prostate cancer cells, which contain a CD117+ subpopulation. (biorxiv.org)
Our previous study was the first to demonstrate 8-nitroguanine formation in the cancer cells of NPC patients via iNOS activation [ 14 ], showing that inflammation is an important risk factor for NPC development. (hindawi.com)
Moreover, several studies have shown that cancer cells have genetic instability, epigenetic changes, and an accumulation of mutations, suggesting that cancer is a genetic disease [ 16 ]. (hindawi.com)
Furthermore, cancer cells undergoing EMT phenotypic changes also acquire drug resistance [ 7 ]. (techscience.com)
Crosstalk between colorectal cancer cells and tumour-associated macrophages. (lu.se)

To resolve mTEC diversity and whether promiscuous gene expression (PGE) is stochastic or coordinated, we sequenced transcriptomes of 6,894 single mTEC, enriching for 1,795 rare cells expressing either of two TRAs, TSPAN8 or GP2. (ox.ac.uk)
CD133 is tightly regulated by DNA methylation only in cell lines, where promoter methylation and gene expression inversely correlate. (biomedcentral.com)
In both 2D and 3D cultures, stemness marker gene expression is higher in CD117+ cells. (biorxiv.org)
Comparison of the gene expression patterns of the human iPSC-derived epithelial stem cells with epithelial stem cells obtained from human hair follicles showed that the team had succeeded in producing the cells they set out to make in the first place. (scienceblog.com)

The EasySep™ procedure involves labeling unwanted non-epithelial cells with biotinylated antibodies and magnetic particles. (stemcell.com)
What's more, the process Xu used to create iPSCs involves genetic modification of human cells with genes encoding oncogenic proteins and so needs more refinement. (scienceblog.com)
Diabetic keratopathy involves impairments in epithelial wound healing, barrier function, and tear production, along with epithelial erosions and keratitis. (medscape.com)
Scientists have described a cure for cataracts that involves regrowing the lens in the eye using stem cells. (medscape.com)

SHED has the ability to be differentiated to specific cell lineages such as odontoblasts and osteoblasts as well as epithelial like cells. (bvsalud.org)

In the glioma cells, EIF5B promotes cell survival by enhancing the translation of several IRES-containing mRNAs including those encoding anti-apoptotic proteins such as XIAP and Bcl-xL [ 4 ]. (techscience.com)
These data suggest that EIF5B functions as an oncogene that promotes cancer cell growth, survival, and progression. (techscience.com)

Key signaling pathways are highlighted, and the regulation of ES cell self-renewal and somatic cell reprogramming is discussed. (tocris.com)

We demonstrate that while Rspo3 from myofibroblasts maintains colonic Lgr5 + cells during homeostasis, during injury its main function is not to maintain Lgr5 + cells but to interact with more differentiated cells that express Lgr4 but not Lgr5 and are able to regain expression of Wnt target genes and generate new crypts. (nature.com)
To generate models of early cancer development we will introduce genetic changes into the stem cells, selectively altering genes that are common deregulated in high-grade serous EOCs. (ocrahope.org)
These glands uniquely express Shh and TFF2 as well as other developmental genes known to reside in progenitor stem cell niches. (nebraska.edu)
The SSC2 cluster, meanwhile, included cells from irradiated crypts that typically expressed genes involved in DNA damage response and cell survival like clusterin (Clu). (genomeweb.com)

Cells were treated with DNA demethylating agents and HDAC inhibitors. (biomedcentral.com)
Condensed chromatin was associated with CD133 downregulation in all of the cell lines, and treatment with HDAC inhibitors resulted in CD133 re-expression in both cell lines and primary samples. (biomedcentral.com)

First, a hair follicle contains epithelial cells - a cell type that lines the body's vessels and cavities - as well as a specific kind of adult stem cell called dermal papillae. (scienceblog.com)

Kretzschmar, K. & Clevers, H. Organoids: modeling development and the stem cell niche in a dish. (nature.com)

Stem cell specificity is maintained by tight regulation of CD133 expression at both transcriptional and post-translational levels. (biomedcentral.com)
Down-regulation of EIF5B also increased the sensitivity of HCC cells to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). (techscience.com)
Regulation of aNSCs is critical for cognitive brain functions and for development of future cell-based therapies of neurodegenerative diseases. (helmholtz.de)

For instance, RUNX2 is involved in the progression of various tumor types, such as osteosarcoma, renal cell carcinoma, gastric cancer and breast cancer ( 15 - 20 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Antigen labeling was detected in neurons in the cerebral hemispheres and brain stem and in glia cells throughout the brain ( Figure , panel B). Rare Purkinje cells and neurons in peripheral ganglia (e.g., of the gizzard) as well as cardiac myofibers and renal tubular epithelial cells were positive for viral antigen. (cdc.gov)
E6 and Metabolic syndrome and risks of colon and rectal renal cell carcinoma. (who.int)

Rspo proteins are secreted and can stabilize the effects of Wnt ligands by preventing ubiquitination and turnover of the Wnt receptor frizzled 9 , thereby dictating the size of the Lgr5 + stem cell pool by regulating self-renewal of Lgr5 + cells 10 . (nature.com)
DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Stem cell niches are responsible for life-long renewal of most epithelial surfaces throughout the body. (nebraska.edu)
From left: University of Texas at Dallas researchers Dr. Jie Zheng, Yingyu Huang PhD'20, and Dr. Mengxiao Yu recently published a study in Nature Nanotechnology describing a previously unknown self-renewal process in kidney cells. (scitechdaily.com)
The extrusion-mediated self-renewal mechanism is fundamentally different from other known regenerative processes - such as cell division - and housecleaning tasks like exocytosis. (scitechdaily.com)

The finding of Wnt-5a as a new diabetic corneal marker regulating wound healing and stem cell function may have implications for other diabetes complications involving impaired wound healing, including diabetic foot ulcers, as they share similar neurovascular, sensory, and immunological compromise with diabetic eye disease, Shah and colleagues say. (medscape.com)
RNA was reverse-transcribed to obtain the cDNA and then proceeded with PCR using specific primers for the Notch signaling pathway molecules (Notch1, Jagged-1, Jagged-2 and, Hes1) as well as stem cell marker (Nanog). (bvsalud.org)

Anatomy68

Organisms13

Diseases12

Chemicals and Drugs54

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment52

Phenomena and Processes44

Disciplines and Occupations4

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Information Science2

Named Groups1

Health Care1

Differentiation31

Inducing epithelial-mesenchyma1

Regeneration17

Transition10

Neural Stem1

Tissues17

Tumor cells5

Proliferation6

Thymic epithelial3

Lung16

Embryonic2

Corneal epithelial5

Transplantation7

Metastasis3

Alveolar epithelial3

Limbal stem1

Tissue8

Intestinal11

20183

Cancers7

Markers8

Migration12

Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carc2

Tumorigenesis2

Knockdown2

Squamous Cell Carc1

Epithelium5

CSCs5

Carcinogenesis3

Progenitor cell1

Phenotype1

Developmental Biology1

Biology2

Regenerate6

Least two populations1

Progenitors1

Humans2

Characteristics2

Tumors2

Differentiate3

Populations2

Vitro1

Subset2

Cancer cells7

Gene expression4

Involves4

Osteoblasts1

Promotes2

Pathways1

Genes4

Inhibitors2

Adult1

Niche1

Regulation3

Renal3

Renewal4

Marker2