AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and Processes
DesmosomesDesmoplakinsDesmogleinsDesmocollinsgamma CateninPlakophilinsDesmoglein 1Desmoglein 3Intercellular JunctionsDesmoglein 2PlakinsPemphigusIntermediate FilamentsCytoskeletal ProteinsDesmosomal CadherinsMicroscopy, ElectronKeratinsEpidermisCadherinsAcantholysisEpitheliumCell AdhesionKeratinocytesAdherens JunctionsFluorescent Antibody Techniquealpha CateninEpithelial CellsMicroscopy, ImmunoelectronArmadillo Domain ProteinsCytoskeletonTongueSkinDogsPlectinFreeze FracturingTight JunctionsVimentinCattleKeratoderma, PalmoplantarCell Adhesion Molecules
Polarized Epithelial CellsInfluenced intercellularAdherensIntercellular JunctionsBasal epithelial cellsThymic epithelial cellsProteinsHemidesmosomesPolarityTransitionTissueJunctionalAdhesionCytoplasmEpitheliumTissuesFibrilsCornealDifferentiationAdjacentElectronProteinActinPemphigusEpidermisMesenchymalKeratinocytesMembraneIntestinalMechanisms2023MicroenvironmentRivetsStructuresInteractionLineageCancersRegulationBarriersPromotesCells togetherImportanceStructuralFunctionallyTonofilamentsAnimal Cells
Polarized Epithelial Cells2
  • CSPP-L Associates with the Desmosome of Polarized Epithelial Cells and Is Required for Normal Spheroid Formation. (nih.gov)
  • Polarized epithelial cells compartmentalize tissue cavities and are often exposed to inflammatory challenges such as toxics or infections in non-lymphoid tissues. (hindawi.com)
Influenced intercellular1
  • Further experiments showed that the actin cytoskeleton influenced intercellular adhesive strength, demonstrating the importance of a cross-talk between actomyosin and desmosome regulation. (manchester.ac.uk)
Adherens7
Intercellular Junctions1
Basal epithelial cells3
  • In resting cornea two isotypes of gap junctions, confined to different regions in the same basal epithelial cells, were detected. (nih.gov)
  • At this time, basal epithelial cells at the limbal region, adjacent to the wound and those migrating over the wounded area all expressed membrane bound epidermal growth factor receptor and they were highly proliferating. (nih.gov)
  • Multiprotein complexes that facilitate the stable adhesion of basal epithelial cells to the underlying basement membrane. (edu.au)
Thymic epithelial cells5
  • For example, mouse thymic epithelial cells react with antibodies for keratin 5, keratin 8, and keratin 14. (wikipedia.org)
  • These antibodies are used as fluorescent markers to distinguish subsets of mouse thymic epithelial cells in genetic studies of the thymus . (wikipedia.org)
  • Cortical thymic epithelial cells (cTECs) are found in the outer region of the thymic cortex, while medullary thymic epithelial cells (mTECs) are located within the inner thymic medulla. (0nol.com)
  • Consequently, thymic epithelial cells (TECs) present an appealing target for cell therapies aimed at restoring efficient immune system function. (0nol.com)
  • The pathways and molecular regulators that govern the development of thymic epithelial cells are becoming more evident, along with their impacts on specific phases of T cell development. (0nol.com)
Proteins6
  • Correlative light electron microscopy and immunostainings revealed that all major desmosomal proteins were co-localising at whole internalised desmosomes. (manchester.ac.uk)
  • To gain insight into the molecular regulation I analysed the composition of whole internalised desmosomes and the potential cross- talk with the actin cytoskeleton and actin-linked cell-cell junction proteins. (manchester.ac.uk)
  • To elucidate the molecular mechanisms of the actomyosin crosstalk with desmosome, I depleted cells of proteins that could provide the potential link of desmosomes to the actomyosin machinery (α-catenin, β-catenin). (manchester.ac.uk)
  • The particular type of intermediate filaments attached tothe desmosomes depends on the cell type: they are keratin filaments in mostepithelial cells, for example, and desmin filaments in heart muscle cells.The junction hasa dense cytoplasmic plaque composed of a complex of intracellular anchorproteins (plakoglobin and desmoplakin) that are responsible for connecting thecytoskeleton to the transmembrane adhesion proteins. (ostatic.com)
  • These desmosomal family members, along with the desmogleins, are found primarily in epithelial cells where they constitute the adhesive proteins of the desmosome cell-cell junction and are required for cell adhesion and desmosome formation. (nih.gov)
  • Proteins related to DNA replication, cell cycle, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) were identified by Western blot test. (bvsalud.org)
Hemidesmosomes2
  • Tonofibrils are cytoplasmic protein structures in epithelial tissues that converge at desmosomes and hemidesmosomes. (wikipedia.org)
  • In the healing process particular attention was focused on the epithelium where gap junction expression and the rearrangement of desmosomes and hemidesmosomes were correlated with cell proliferation and epidermal growth factor receptor expression. (nih.gov)
Polarity6
  • Indeed, a common feature of epithelial dysfunction is the loss of polarity. (hindawi.com)
  • We also discuss recent findings showing that the loss of apicobasal polarity increases leukocyte adhesion to epithelial cells and the consequences that this could have for the inflammatory response towards damaged, infected or transformed epithelial cells. (hindawi.com)
  • Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a key cellular process in which immotile epithelial cells transform into mesenchymal cells through cell polarity loss, cell-cell junction disassembly, and extracellular matrix (ECM) alteration. (bmbreports.org)
  • Our data indicate that Tiam1-mediated activation of Rac in PAs controls TJ biogenesis and polarity in epithelial cells by association with and activation of the Par3-Par6-aPKC polarity complex. (rupress.org)
  • Normal epithelial cells, particularly in simple epithelium, have apical and basal-lateral polarity and form barrier against environmental challenges. (biomedcentral.com)
  • During oncogenesis, cancer cells undergo epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), lose their polarity, and gain higher migratory and invasive abilities. (biomedcentral.com)
Transition3
  • Their down-regulation is a key step during epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), during which cells become more migratory. (manchester.ac.uk)
  • Metastatic spread is responsible for the majority of cancer-associated deaths and is affected by a variety of factors, including the deregulation of gene expression, signal transduction, and epigenetic modification, as well as epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and the transformation of tumor cells into stem/progenitor cells. (jcancer.org)
  • Karyopherin-α3 (KPNA3), a karyopherin- α isoform, is intimately associated with metastatic progression via epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). (bmbreports.org)
Tissue7
  • Tonofilaments are keratin intermediate filaments that makes up tonofibrils in the epithelial tissue. (wikipedia.org)
  • Through desmosomes, the intermediatefilaments of adjacent cells are linked into a net that extends throughout themany cells of a tissue. (ostatic.com)
  • Where would the bulk of the epithelial tissue be found? (powershow.com)
  • Desmosomes spot weld that holds cells together and enables a tissue to resist mechanical stress. (powershow.com)
  • Considering the locations of epithelial tissue, is it likely to get damaged? (powershow.com)
  • Desmosomes *act as rivets to hold adjacent cells together when epithelial tissue moves Gap junctions *allow movement of cytosol, ions, and small molecules between animal cells Plasmodesmata *openings through the cell walls of plant cells that allow adjacent cells to share materials. (conceptsmedias.com)
  • the green-colored pigment chlorophyll that converts the energy of sunlight into gap junctions adhering junctions tight junctions free surface of epithelial tissue plasmodesma ER cytoplasm plasma membrane cell wall B Plasmodesmata are channels that connect the cytoplasm and ER of adjacent plant … cell to function properly. (conceptsmedias.com)
Junctional1
  • To address this problem, we have initiated a study of the regulation of assembly of one component of the junctional complex, the desmosome, during induction of cell-cell contact in cultures of Madin-Darby canine kidney epithelial cells. (silverchair.com)
Adhesion1
  • Epithelial integrity requires the adhesion of cells to each other as well as to an underlying basement membrane. (biologists.com)
Cytoplasm2
  • These cells possess a prominent, vesicular nucleus, tonofilament-rich cytoplasm, and an abundance of desmosomes. (0nol.com)
  • Keratin filaments bundle into tonofilaments that span the cytoplasm and bind to desmosomes and other cell membrane structures (Waschke 2008). (uni-freiburg.de)
Epithelium2
  • Here we demonstrate the existence of adult stem cells in the human fallopian tube epithelium, which gives rise to a monolayer of differentiated epithelial cells in a complex 3D organoid in vitro . (nature.com)
  • Unlike in the related pemphigoid , pemphigus manifests as intra-epithelial clefting, meaning the spinous cells of the epithelium break apart, a phenomenon known as acantholysis . (wikidoc.org)
Tissues3
  • Desmosomes are the principal intercellular adhesive links in tissues that undergo substantial mechanical stress, e.g. skin. (manchester.ac.uk)
  • Endothelial and epithelial barriers determine the different stages of leukocyte migration in its journey towards the inflammatory focus in complex tissues. (hindawi.com)
  • This reflects their primary function, maintaining the mechanical stability of individual cells and epithelial tissues (Moll et al. (uni-freiburg.de)
Fibrils2
Corneal3
  • Mitotic activity in the migrating corneal epithelial cells is also a novel finding which is probably the sign of the excessive demand for new epithelial cells in larger wounds not met alone by the proliferating limbal stock. (nih.gov)
  • One of several epithelial cell types oriented in layers from anterior to posterior of the corneal structure. (eyepatient.net)
  • Corneal epithelial wing cells are formed from the aging layer of basal cells, which flatten and form the superbasal wing-like cells as they leave the basal layer. (eyepatient.net)
Differentiation3
  • SCC of the prostate is a rare malignant epithelial neoplasm arising in the prostate, with squamous differentiation of the neoplastic cells. (medscape.com)
  • This pattern of expression suggests an involvement in epithelial differentiation. (medicaljournals.se)
  • 2006). They have highly specific expression patterns, related to the epithelial type and stage of differentiation. (uni-freiburg.de)
Adjacent2
  • The area of an epithelial cell adjacent to the exterior or to a body cavity is the apical side and the opposite area is the basal side. (powershow.com)
  • During EMT, the strong AJs formed by E-cadherin are replaced by weak N-cadherin interaction, allowing epithelial cells to escape from the homotypic interactions that tie them to adjacent cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Electron1
Protein3
  • Innate immunity in gastrointestinal system includes epithelial cell layers that express tight cell-cell contact, secreted mucous layer which prevent entry of microbes, protective plasma protein, and circulating leukocytes, such as phagocytic macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells (DC), natural killer (NK) cells, NK T-cell, and innate lymphoid cells. (frontiersin.org)
  • Tight junctions (TJ) are multi-protein complexes that hold epithelial cells together and form structural and functional barriers for maintaining proper biological activities. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Our study revealed that DUSP3 is an important TJ regulatory protein and its decrease may be involved in progression of epithelial cancers. (biomedcentral.com)
Actin2
  • Overall, this work revealed the importance of actin and actomyosin during desmosome internalisation and further supports the idea of a cross-talk between desmosomes and actin. (manchester.ac.uk)
  • Intriguing data suggest a key role for β-catenin during desmosome internalisation, potentially by linking the desmosome complex to the actin cytoskeleton. (manchester.ac.uk)
Pemphigus1
  • They interact through their extracellular domains to hold theadjacent plasma membranes together.The importance of desmosome junctions is demonstrated by some forms of thepotentially fatal skin disease pemphigus. (ostatic.com)
Epidermis1
Mesenchymal1
  • By contrast, Hepatocyte growth factor (Hgf), a well-known promoter of epithelial-mesenchymal transitions and a prime target of Matriptase1 activity, plays no major role. (biologists.com)
Keratinocytes1
Membrane3
  • The ductal system is coated by a chain of luminal epithelial cells (LECs) situated on a layer of myoepithelial cells (MECs) and encompassed by a distinguished basement membrane. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Two major cell types cooperate to build up the ductal units: inner polarized luminal epithelial cells (LECs) embraced by a layer of myoepithelial cells (MECs), both cell types are rimmed by a cohesive basement membrane (BM) [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • cell-cell communication The tight junctions and desmosomes are absent between cells, though Animal cells are eukaryotic cells with a membrane-bound Plas… There are different types of animals per se, depending on the type of environment they live in and the kind of lifestyle they have. (conceptsmedias.com)
Intestinal3
  • Single layered intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) establish a semipermeable intestinal barrier (IB) which allows the dual role of transporting nutrients and avoiding the passage of pathogens. (frontiersin.org)
  • Dysregulation in intestinal epithelial monolayer cause abnormal interaction with immune cells and perturb the intestinal immune homeostasis which is associated with the clinical symptoms of IBD. (frontiersin.org)
  • surround the apical regions of epithelial cells as in intestinal mucosa, choroid plexus, and renal tubules. (vivekkarn.com.np)
Mechanisms2
  • The pathways and molecular mechanisms that regulate thymic epithelial cell development are becoming more apparent, along with their effects on specific stages of T cell development. (0nol.com)
  • Overall, the Stahley lab aims to provide key insights into the mechanisms that coordinate PCP and how epithelial junction organization at the molecular level is regulated during development, epidermal homeostasis and human disease. (psu.edu)
20231
  • COSEM Project Team 2023, ' Architecture and dynamics of a desmosome-endoplasmic reticulum complex ', Nature Cell Biology , vol. 25, no. 6, pp. 823-835. (psu.edu)
Microenvironment1
  • Therefore, damaging the MECs layer resulted in the release of various factors (such as SDF1/CXCL12, CXCL14, MMP, and tenascin) [ 11 , 12 ] with a potential to modify the tumour microenvironment and facilitate the paracrine communication between the tumour epithelial cells and the enclosed stroma enhancing the tumour aggressiveness [ 11 , 13 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Rivets1
Structures1
Interaction1
  • Surprisingly, β-catenin was found significantly enriched in proximity of internalised desmosomes, suggesting a potential interaction. (manchester.ac.uk)
Lineage1
  • Over the past decades, luminal epithelial cell lineage has gained considerable attraction as the functionally milk-secreting units and as the most fruitful acreage for breast cancer launching. (biomedcentral.com)
Cancers1
  • therefore, abnormalities of TJ are frequently observed in epithelial cancers [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Regulation3
  • However, the precise mechanism of desmosome down-regulation/ internalisation is unknown. (manchester.ac.uk)
  • Kinetics of desmosome assembly in Madin-Darby canine kidney epithelial cells: temporal and spatial regulation of desmoplakin organization and stabilization upon cell-cell contact. (silverchair.com)
  • Here we demonstrated the role of DUSP3 in regulation of epithelial TJ. (biomedcentral.com)
Barriers2
  • These areas are often made up of polarized parenchymal epithelial cells that form barriers to compartmentalize functions in cavities of the liver, intestine or lungs (Figure 1 ). (hindawi.com)
  • Polarized epithelial barriers establish two types of interactions. (hindawi.com)
Promotes1
  • The defects of hai1 mutants can be phenocopied by overexpression and can be fully rescued by simultaneous inactivation of the serine protease Matriptase1a(St14a), indicating that Hai1 promotes epithelial integrity by inhibiting Matriptase1a. (biologists.com)
Cells together1
Importance1
  • The epithelial lining of the fallopian tube is of critical importance for human reproduction and has been implicated as a site of origin of high-grade serous ovarian cancer. (nature.com)
Structural1
  • Thymic epithelial reticular cells (TERCs) are stellate-shaped cells that contribute to the cytoreticulum, a cellular network that provides structural support for lymphocytes in the thymus. (0nol.com)
Functionally1
  • Thymic Epithelial Reticular Cells (TECs) and thymocytes are the principal components required for the development of functionally competent T lymphocytes and self-tolerance. (0nol.com)
Tonofilaments1
Animal Cells2