• These events include the duplication of its DNA (DNA replication) and some of its organelles, and subsequently the partitioning of its cytoplasm, chromosomes and other components into two daughter cells in a process called cell division. (wikipedia.org)
  • During the mitotic phase, the replicated chromosomes, organelles, and cytoplasm separate into two new daughter cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • Typically, when a diploid cell divides, it first duplicates each of its chromosomes. (jove.com)
  • Then, the cell distributes a copy of each chromosome between the two daughter cells so that each daughter cell receives a complete set of chromosomes. (jove.com)
  • These features exist in ordinary interphase chromosomes but are difficult to observe. (jove.com)
  • As each chromosome contains a single centromere, it remains unclear how acentric fragments derived from shattered chromosomes are inherited between daughter cells during mitosis 6 . (nature.com)
  • Here we tracked micronucleated chromosomes with live-cell imaging and show that acentric fragments cluster in close spatial proximity throughout mitosis for asymmetric inheritance by a single daughter cell. (nature.com)
  • Mechanistically, the CIP2A-TOPBP1 complex prematurely associates with DNA lesions within ruptured micronuclei during interphase, which poises pulverized chromosomes for clustering upon mitotic entry. (nature.com)
  • Mistakes in the duplication or distribution of the chromosomes lead to mutations that may be passed forward to every new cell produced from an abnormal cell. (openstax.org)
  • During the M phase, the duplicated chromosomes are separated and distributed to two genetically identical daughter cells. (jove.com)
  • Each cell (except for red blood cells) contains a nucleus that houses these chromosomes. (cdc.gov)
  • 2014) Stable C0T-1 repeat RNA is abundant and is associated with euchromatic interphase chromosomes. (forth.gr)
  • In cells with nuclei (eukaryotes, i.e., animal, plant, fungal, and protist cells), the cell cycle is divided into two main stages: interphase and the mitotic (M) phase (including mitosis and cytokinesis). (wikipedia.org)
  • During interphase, the cell grows, accumulating nutrients needed for mitosis, and replicates its DNA and some of its organelles. (wikipedia.org)
  • The eukaryotic cell cycle consists of four distinct phases: G1 phase, S phase (synthesis), G2 phase (collectively known as interphase) and M phase (mitosis and cytokinesis). (wikipedia.org)
  • M phase is itself composed of two tightly coupled processes: mitosis, in which the cell's nucleus divides, and cytokinesis, in which the cell's cytoplasm divides forming two daughter cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • Near simultaneous fluorescence and DIC light microscopy reveals that the amount of γ-tubulin associated with the centrosome remains relatively constant throughout interphase, suddenly increases during prophase, and then decreases to interphase levels as the cell exits mitosis. (silverchair.com)
  • The dynamic exchange of centrosome-associated γ-tubulin occurs throughout the cell cycle, including mitosis, and it does not require microtubules. (silverchair.com)
  • Before mitosis or meiosis occurs, interphase must happen. (naxlex.com)
  • During both these processes, mitosis, cell proliferation, differentiation and migration of cells have been observed in the endometrium (11). (jri.ir)
  • Here, we identify a further role for oncogenic Ras-ERK signaling in division by showing that RasV12 expression alters the shape, division orientation, and respreading dynamics of cells as they exit mitosis. (bvsalud.org)
  • In support of this idea, the RasV12 phenotype is reversed by inhibition of actomyosin contractility and can be mimicked by the loss of cell-substrate adhesion during mitosis. (bvsalud.org)
  • To avert this potential crisis, the cell devotes a substantial amount of energy during early mitosis to gradually reorganizing the sister chromatids into shorter structures that separate more easily. (jove.com)
  • The 3rd statement of cell theory had to wait until late in the century, when Louis Pasteur disproved notions of spontaneous generation, and German histologists observed mitosis and meiosis, the underlying events of cell division in eukaryotes: Cells come from pre-existing cells (i.e., they reproduce). (eduhyme.com)
  • This mode of cell death serves as a balance to mitosis in regulating the size of animal tissues and in mediating pathologic processes associated with tumor growth. (lookformedical.com)
  • ANLN is mainly localized in the nucleus during interphase and in the cell cortex during mitosis [ 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Nek1 is a mammalian ortholog of the fungal kinase NIMA (never in mitosis A in Aspergillus nidulans ), which functions in DNA damage responses, regulates G2-M phase progression, and helps keep chromosome transmission to daughter cells faithful [ 5 ]-[ 10 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Consistent with a cell-cycle regulatory function, CYLD localizes to microtubules in interphase and the midbody during telophase CYLD 's protein levels decrease as cells exit from mitosis. (medscape.com)
  • Hair follicle stem cells reside in their niche in a quiescent state, but become rapidly activated in response to homeostatic and injury signals to regenerate the tissue. (ad-astra.ro)
  • A tissue is a group of cells with similar structure and function and similar extracellular substances located between the cells. (naxlex.com)
  • reported that anti-RHAMM antibodies block the migration of endothelial cells, which is an important key to the process of tissue injury and angiogenesis (3). (jri.ir)
  • In contrast, symmetric divisions in epithelia divide cellular components equally, and usually results in both daughter cells remaining in the tissue. (elifesciences.org)
  • Thus, the induction of oncogenic Ras-ERK signaling leads to rapid changes in division orientation that, along with the effects of RasV12 on cell growth and cell-cycle progression, are likely to disrupt epithelial tissue organization and contribute to cancer dissemination. (bvsalud.org)
  • Here, using high-resolution timelapse imaging, we find that changes to cell geometry associated with dense tissue packing play a significant role in regulating differentiation rate in the zebrafish neural tube. (biologists.com)
  • Tissue or cell-specific expression of the Nek1 protein was never reported, since no anti-Nek1 antibodies were available then, and the association of Nek1 with pleiotropic abnormalities including PKD was not made in mice until later [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This may be due to late diagnosis of these tumors in our patients as most cases diagnosed at advanced stage and the sections were taken from deep tumor tissue to increase the number of tumor cells in our samples. (researchgate.net)
  • However, most GEP studies have typically been performed on whole tissue samples, containing varying degrees of tumor cell content, which results in uncertainties in data analysis. (lu.se)
  • It may be that katanin severs microtubules throughout the cell body to keep them sufficiently short to be efficiently transported into developing processes. (silverchair.com)
  • Consistent with this idea, there were significantly fewer free ends of microtubules in the cell bodies of neurons that had been injected with the katanin antibody compared with controls. (silverchair.com)
  • The GAP activity of Tum is required for cytokinesis: in its absence cytokinesis fails early even though Tum is present on microtubules at the cell equator where the furrow should form. (biologists.com)
  • Disruption of the Pebble-interacting domain leaves Tum localised to the cell equator on cortically associated microtubules, again with no evidence of furrowing. (biologists.com)
  • it is often a biochemical alternative to the self-destruction of such a damaged cell by apoptosis. (wikipedia.org)
  • Resveratrol could play a toxic role through inducing apoptosis of the cancer cell in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. (mdpi.com)
  • Apoptosis is the mechanism responsible for the physiological deletion of cells and appears to be intrinsically programmed. (lookformedical.com)
  • Kidney development in kat2J homozygous mice is aberrant early, before the appearance of gross cysts: developing cortical zones are thin, populated by immature glomeruli, and characterized by excessive apoptosis of several cell types. (biomedcentral.com)
  • When cells are deficient in NIMA or in certain NIMA-related kinases, they undergo apoptosis because of major errors in chromosome segregation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Interphase is a series of changes that takes place in a newly formed cell and its nucleus before it becomes capable of division again. (wikipedia.org)
  • Like cardiac muscle cells, smooth muscle cells contain one nucleus. (naxlex.com)
  • These cells contain one nucleus, are branched, and are rectangular. (naxlex.com)
  • Inactivation of CIP2A-TOPBP1 caused acentric fragments to disperse throughout the mitotic cytoplasm, stochastically partition into the nucleus of both daughter cells and aberrantly misaccumulate as cytoplasmic DNA. (nature.com)
  • The first two precepts of Cell Theory were enunciated near the middle of the 19th century, after many observations of plant and animal cells revealed common structural features (e.g., a nucleus, a wall or boundary, a common organization of cells into groups to form multicellular structures of plants and animals and even lower life forms). (eduhyme.com)
  • Gel like substance enclosed within the cell membrane excluding nucleus. (eduhyme.com)
  • The cell that lacks a distinct nucleus and other specialized membrane bound organelles. (eduhyme.com)
  • An organism whose cell contains a membrane bound distinct nucleus along with other specialized organelles enclosed in membranes. (eduhyme.com)
  • A checkpoint is one of several points in the eukaryotic cell cycle at which the progression of a cell to the next stage in the cycle can be halted until conditions are favorable. (openstax.org)
  • showed, for the first time, that RHAMM is differentially expressed during all stages of preimplantation human embryos and human embryonic stem cells (hESC), and indicated that RHAMM knockdown results in down-regulation of several pluripotency markers in hESCs, induction of early extraembryonic lineage, loss of cell viability, and changes in hESC cycle (2). (jri.ir)
  • Mechanism for switch of embryonic stem cells from 'fast' cell cycle to 'normal' cell cycle? (stackexchange.com)
  • It is well-known that embryonic stem cells have a fast cell cycle (very roughly about 12 hours), while typically normal cells have a much longer cell cycle (very roughly about 24 hours). (stackexchange.com)
  • Interphase movements of a DNA chromosome region modulated by VP16 transcriptional activator. (ad-astra.ro)
  • Certain cells undergo multiple cycles of chromosome duplication without undergoing any cell division. (jove.com)
  • Such cells, called polyploid cells, contain multiple sets of each chromosome. (jove.com)
  • Here, hundreds to thousands of copies of each chromosome are generated without any cell division. (jove.com)
  • The stochastic inheritance of chromosome fragments by both newly formed daughter cells could in part contribute to the alternating DNA copy-number states that are characteristic of chromothripsis 2 . (nature.com)
  • Separating the sister chromatids in this state could lead to chromosome breaks, improper segregation, and even cell death. (jove.com)
  • We found that amplification of chromosome 6p22.3 is significantly associated with the muscle-invasive transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder (TCC-UB) (22%) in contrast to superficial TCC-UB (9%) (p=7.2-04). (oncotarget.com)
  • In mammals, X chromosome dosage compensation involves heterochromatization and transcriptional silencing of one of two copies of the X chromosome in female cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The centrosome determines the plane of cell division. (powershow.com)
  • In most cells, the centriolar component of the centrosome can function as a basal body supporting the formation of a primary cilium, a non-motile sensory organelle that monitors information from the extracellular matrix and relays stimuli into the cell via associated signaling pathways. (biomedcentral.com)
  • GW/P bodies are found throughout the cytoplasm and previously published live cell imaging data suggested that in a malignant cell type (U2OS), two GW/P bodies reside at the centrosome during interphase. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This study confirms and extends a previously published report that GW/P bodies reside at the centrosome in U2OS cells and documents that GW/P bodies are resident at the centrosome in diverse non-malignant cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Most vertebrate cells contain a single non-motile primary cilium that is assembled in a step-wise manner from the distal end of a mature centriole within the centrosome. (biomedcentral.com)
  • These data are the first to characterize the dynamics of centrosome-associated γ-tubulin in vertebrate cells in vivo and to demonstrate the microtubule-independent nature of these dynamics. (silverchair.com)
  • They reveal that the additional γ-tubulin required for spindle formation does not accumulate progressively at the centrosome during interphase. (silverchair.com)
  • Why do nearby cells have similar meiosis periods? (stackexchange.com)
  • During the experiment, I observed that cells in similar locations have similar meiosis period. (stackexchange.com)
  • We are analyzing the physiological role of several genes implicated in different aspects of stem cell activation, self-renewal, and differentiation. (ad-astra.ro)
  • and cell differentiation ( SOX2 and TGFB3 ) as well as immunohistochemical assay for VEGFA, TP53, Bcl2, TGFB1, and Ki67 protein expression have been performed in 85 FFPE RCC tumor specimens. (hindawi.com)
  • It is involved in p53 pathways and is implicated in cell death/survival signaling, the cell cycle, and differentiation, thereby playing a regulatory role in carcinogenesis [ 12 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • SM-AP1-3 cells were immunopositive for keratin only, indicating their duct-epithelial or squamous cell differentiation, while SM-AP4/5 cells were positive for both keratin and S-100 protein, indicating their myoepithelial cell differentiation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Using simulations we show that interplay between progenitor density, cell shape and changes in differentiation rate could naturally result in negative-feedback control on progenitor cell number. (biologists.com)
  • Transcription factors (TFs) are critical for B-cell differentiation, affecting gene expression both by repres- sion and transcriptional activation. (lu.se)
  • In this study, highly purified, flow-cytometry sorted, classified in relation to normal B-cell differentiation [1]. (lu.se)
  • Transplanted cells in nude mice formed subcutaneous tumors, which had histological features of squamous cell carcinoma with apparent keratinizing tendencies. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The histological features of squamous cell carcinoma from the transplanted cell systems in nude mice might suggest a secondary onset of malignancy from a pre-existing benign adenoma. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Other studies in oral cancer [23,24] reported that there is no relationship between the histopathological grade of oral epithelial dysplasia or oral squamous cell carcinoma and the ploidy status. (researchgate.net)
  • Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) incidence has increased over the past two decades. (hindawi.com)
  • Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) accounts for approximately 3% of human malignancies, and its incidence appears to be increasing globally [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • although it is derived from cells of the renal tubular epithelium, it has several histological subtypes which differ in their clinical outcome and biological features. (hindawi.com)
  • Background Loss of function of fumarate hydratase (FH), the mitochondrial tumor suppressor and tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle enzyme, is associated with a highly malignant form of papillary and collecting duct renal cell malignancy. (immune-source.com)
  • Renal cysts were recognized by the presence of a cuboidal epithelial lining and those with a diameter above 50?m were scored while positive. (immune-source.com)
  • Late in life, kat2J heterozygous mice form renal cysts and the cells lining these cysts lack staining for Nek1. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Here we report that Nek1 is expressed most strongly in the distinct subset of renal epithelial cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Although the various stages of interphase are not usually morphologically distinguishable, each phase of the cell cycle has a distinct set of specialized biochemical processes that prepare the cell for initiation of the cell division. (wikipedia.org)
  • Polarization is a fundamental cellular property that plays a vital role in various biological processes in multi-cellular as well as single-cell organisms. (elifesciences.org)
  • Cell polarization involving the Par-complex in situ is linked to various other processes. (elifesciences.org)
  • Because of such association between Par-dependent polarization and other processes, the Par-complex exhibits different behavioral characteristics in an individual context, making it difficult to determine general features of the dynamic process taking place during cell polarization by the Par-complex. (elifesciences.org)
  • Two processes take place during cell reproduction. (studyinnovations.com)
  • All of the processes involved in increasing CELL NUMBER including CELL DIVISION . (lookformedical.com)
  • By the time the cell reaches metaphase, the sister chromatids are only loosely connected along the arms but are still tightly linked at the centromeres. (jove.com)
  • In addition, they had ductal arrangements or plasmacytoid appearances of tumor cells and myxoid or hyaline stromata, indicating some characteristics of pleomorphic adenoma. (biomedcentral.com)
  • A cell line derived from cultured tumor cells. (lookformedical.com)
  • GEP analyses were performed on highly purified, flow-cytometry sorted tumor-cells from eight subgroups of BCLs. (lu.se)
  • This enabled identification of TFs that can be uniquely associated to the tumor cells of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), follicular lymphoma (FL), hairy cell leukemia (HCL), and mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). (lu.se)
  • Here, we present a simplified metabolite extraction (SiMeEx) method, to efficiently and quickly extract metabolites from adherent mammalian cells. (frontiersin.org)
  • For adherent mammalian cells in culture the normal procedure involves their detachment from the surface. (frontiersin.org)
  • In this current study, we present a new and shorter method, termed as simplified metabolite extraction (SiMeEx), to extract metabolites from adherent mammalian cells. (frontiersin.org)
  • When fast-dividing mammalian cells are grown in culture (outside the body under optimal growing conditions), the length of the cycle is about 24 hours. (openstax.org)
  • Three isoforms have been described in mammalian cells. (lookformedical.com)
  • Deacetylation of H4-K16Ac during senescence may explain reported decreases in this mark during mammalian aging and in cancer cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Dendrite pruning requires the developmentally regulated degradation of the cell adhesion molecule Neuroglian , and loss of Rab11 causes defects in the developmental degradation of Neuroglian and another target, the ion channel Ppk26 . (sdbonline.org)
  • There is no apparent difference in morphology between normal and carcinoma cells, e.g., the human prostatic carcinoma epithelial cell (PC-3) line and human prostate epithelial cell (PREC), human hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines (Hep3B, PLC, HLF, and Huh7), and human cryopreserved hepatocytes (HCHs). (mingsheng88.org)
  • Examination of consecutive slides actually revealed small assemblies of carcinoma cells that required a final diagnosis as non-invasive carcinoma in pleomorphic adenoma. (researchgate.net)
  • Further, defects in early stages of ciliogenesis were reported as a common feature in astrocytoma/glioblastoma cells including highly malignant T98G glioblastoma multiforme cells which expressed abnormally long centrioles and no primary cilia as evidenced by ultrastructure analysis [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • What is the correct order of the stages of the cell cycle? (naxlex.com)
  • Interphase is completed in to three successive stages. (studyinnovations.com)
  • Fig : Different stages of cell cycle (Mitotic cycle). (studyinnovations.com)
  • PRECs and PC-3 cells were purchased from the Applied Cell Biology Research Institute (ACBRI, Kirkland, WA, USA). (mingsheng88.org)
  • This article provides a quick review of the important definitions and terms used in the study of Cell and Molecular Biology. (eduhyme.com)
  • Dr. Mukhopadhyay did his doctoral studies in Biochemistry at the Department of Biochemistry from Calcutta University and received the postdoctoral training in the Department of Cell Biology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, USA. (jnu.ac.in)
  • Nek1 is detectable in all murine tissues but its expression in wild type and kat2J heterozygous kidneys decrease as the kidneys mature, especially in tubular epithelial cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Tsikala G, Karagogeos D, Strigini M. (2014) Btk-dependent epithelial cell rearrangements contribute to the invagination of nearby tubular structures in the posterior spiracles of Drosophila. (forth.gr)
  • Aim: How do prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells differ? (powershow.com)
  • The inflammatory phase of alveolitis is initiated by epithelial and/or endothelial injury involving the structures of the alveolar wall. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In three cases which initially were taken for pleomorphic adenomas by routine histological examination, aneuploid cell populations exposed by DNA flow cytometric analysis gave rise to a closer inspection of the suspect lesions. (researchgate.net)
  • One of the mechanisms by which CELL DEATH occurs (compare with NECROSIS and AUTOPHAGOCYTOSIS). (lookformedical.com)
  • It is the biological membrane that separates the interior of the cell from the outside environment. (eduhyme.com)
  • The in-folding of plasma membrane in some bacterial cells that carry respiratory enzymes. (eduhyme.com)
  • The process of intake of liquid into a cell by the budding of small vesicles from the cell membrane is called pinocytosis, also called drinking of cell. (eduhyme.com)
  • A microscopic membrane made up of lipids and proteins which forms the external boundary of the cytoplasm of a cell or encloses a vacuole, and regulates the passage of molecules in and out of the cytoplasm. (eduhyme.com)
  • A cell divides when it has grown to a certain maximum size which disturb the karyoplasmic index (KI)/Nucleoplasmic ratio (NP)/Kernplasm connection. (studyinnovations.com)
  • Mature cell divides into two cells). (studyinnovations.com)
  • Although the positioning signal is likely to be transmitted via the anaphase microtubule array to the cell cortex, exactly how the microtubule array determines the site of contractile ring formation remains unresolved. (biologists.com)
  • These data support a model in which Tum/RacGAP, via its interaction with Pbl, provides a critical link between the anaphase microtubule spindle and cytokinetic furrow formation in Drosophila cells. (biologists.com)
  • This led us to investigate if a similar relationship exists in primary cells and if the inhibition of the miRNA pathway impairs primary cilium formation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Sequencing of daughter cell pairs derived from micronucleated mother cells demonstrated that complex rearrangements are indeed a common outcome of micronucleus formation. (nature.com)
  • Cell growth and colony formation as well as senescence induction were quantified after treatment. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We demonstrate that SiMeEx achieves the same metabolite recovery as using a standard method containing a scraping step, in various immortalized and primary cells. (frontiersin.org)
  • Two GW/P bodies as marked by GW182 and hAgo2 colocalized to the basal body of primary human astrocytes as well as human synoviocytes during interphase and specifically with the distal end of the basal body in the pericentriolar region. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Updating and significantly expanding upon the previous editions, Basic Cell Culture Protocols, Fourth Edition provides the novice cell culturist with sufficient information to perform the basic techniques, to ensure the health and identity of their cell lines, and to be able to isolate and culture specialized primary cell types. (dattanibookagency.in)
  • Materials and methods Cells Primary normal human prostate epithelial cells (PRECs), a human prostatic carcinoma epithelial cell line (PC-3), human cryopreserved hepatocytes (HCHs), two kinds of human hepatocellular carcinoma cell [Hep3B (ATCC (Manassas, VA, USA) Edoxaban (tosylate Monohydrate) HB8064 (Takagi et al. (mingsheng88.org)
  • The primary cilia of cells lining cysts in kat2J homozygous mice are morphologically diverse: in some cells they are unusually long and in others there are multiple cilia of varying lengths. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Type I cells function as a physical barrier, whereas type II cells produce surfactant and act as progenitors to replace injured alveolar epithelial cells type I [ 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Here, we reconstructed Par-dependent polarity using non-polarized Drosophila S2 cells expressing all three components endogenously in the cytoplasm. (elifesciences.org)
  • In estrous cycle and on day 4 of pregnancy, the rat endometrial stroma has two morphologically distinct compartments, denominated supepithelium and deep stroma. (jri.ir)
  • B-cell lymphomas (BCLs) constitute a diverse set of tially identify new functional, diagnostic, and therapeutic tumors, both morphologically and clinically, that are mainly targets. (lu.se)
  • Our general focus is on stem cell fate choice by epigenetic regulation, transcription regulation via specific developmental transcription factors, and chromatin modifying factors. (ad-astra.ro)
  • Das D, Tapryal N, Goswami S.K., Fox P.L, and Mukhopadhyay C.K. Regulation of Ceruloplasmin in human hepatic cells by redox active copper: Identification of a novel AP-1 site in ceruloplasmin gene. (jnu.ac.in)
  • Variable DNA compaction observed during senescence is explained in part by cell-type specific regulation of H4 deacetylation and HMGA1/2 expression. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Cell To Cell Communication - Cell To Cell Communication * Figure 11.5 Local and long-distance cell signaling by secreted molecules in animals. (powershow.com)
  • The term "oncotarget" encompasses all molecules, pathways, cellular functions, cell types, and even tissues that can be viewed as targets relevant to cancer as well as other diseases. (oncotarget.com)
  • In the process of exocytosis materials are exported outside the cell by using energy from ATP molecules. (eduhyme.com)
  • The focus of my laboratory is the understanding of basic mechanisms that regulate the fate of stem cells within tissues. (ad-astra.ro)
  • We are currently studying skin and hair follicle stem cells using cell culture and the mouse as model systems. (ad-astra.ro)
  • Know the Basics of Stem Cells - How are Cord Blood Stem Cells Different? (powershow.com)
  • Stem cell transplantation has been considered promising in treating problems related to several life-threatening diseases and disorders. (powershow.com)
  • Read this to know how are umbilical cord blood stem cells different. (powershow.com)
  • Visit https://www.cordlifeindia.com/ to know more about stem cells. (powershow.com)
  • Stem cells, cancer, and cancer stem cells - Stem cells, cancer, and cancer stem cells 113 lab seminar 1 Stem cells? (powershow.com)
  • Cancer indices along the major axis of fibroblast-like cells of normal mesenchymal stem cells and the osteosarcoma cell line were negative and positive, respectively. (mingsheng88.org)
  • 1975))], mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and an osteosarcoma cell line (HuO-3N1, RIKEN (Wako, Japan) RCB2104) were used. (mingsheng88.org)
  • Interestingly, a cell population was identified that displayed an epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and which had a stem cell phenotype. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In addition, a subpopulation of therapy resistant cells with EMT and cancer stem cell features was identified that was resistant to the standard treatment regimen but sensitive to pemetrexed pretreatment combined with cisplatin. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We used Drosophila Schneider cells (S2 cells) of mesodermal origin, as host cells for cell-autonomous reconstruction of cell polarity ( Schneider, 1972 ). (elifesciences.org)
  • By analysing tum/RacGAP50C mutant Drosophila embryos we show that cells lacking Tum do not form furrows and fail to localise the key cytokinetic components Pebble (a RhoGEF), Aurora B kinase, Diaphanous, Pav-KLP and Anillin. (biologists.com)
  • Here, we identify Pins-mediated planar cell polarized divisions in several of the mitotic domains of the early Drosophila embryo. (elifesciences.org)
  • In the salivary gland cells of Drosophila larvae, this process is taken to an extreme. (jove.com)
  • Typically interphase lasts for at least 91% of the total time required for the cell cycle. (wikipedia.org)
  • In rapidly dividing human cells with a 24-hour cell cycle, the G 1 phase lasts approximately nine hours, the S phase lasts 10 hours, the G 2 phase lasts about four and one-half hours, and the M phase lasts approximately one-half hour. (openstax.org)
  • A number of direct and indirect radiation interaction pathways can produce damage to the DNA of irradiated cells. (cdc.gov)
  • To determine how this molecule behaves during the cell cycle, we have established several vertebrate somatic cell lines that constitutively express a γ-tubulin/green fluorescent protein fusion protein. (silverchair.com)
  • In symmetric epithelial cell divisions, spindle orientation also depends on Pins, which is recruited to the lateral cortex by the lateral domain protein, Discs large (Dlg). (elifesciences.org)
  • It is known that RHAMM plays an important role in several cellular events, but the role of RHAMM during estrous cycle and embryo implantation has not been investigated much. (jri.ir)
  • Asymmetric cell divisions, in which cellular components, such as existing adherens junctions, are distributed unequally to daughter cells can result in one daughter cell leaving the epithelium. (elifesciences.org)
  • Specialized cell structures called ribosomes are the cellular organelles that actually synthesize the proteins (RNA transcription). (cdc.gov)
  • Non-proliferative (non-dividing) cells in multicellular eukaryotes generally enter the quiescent G0 state from G1 and may remain quiescent for long periods of time, possibly indefinitely (as is often the case for neurons). (wikipedia.org)
  • Mitotic clustering drives the unequal inheritance of acentric fragments by a single daughter cell, providing an explanation for the origins of distinct patterns of chromothripsis found across diverse cancer types and congenital disorders. (nature.com)
  • Oncogenic Ras has been shown to change the way cancer cells divide by increasing the forces generated during mitotic rounding. (bvsalud.org)
  • In this way, RasV12 enables cancer cells to divide across a wider range of mechanical environments than normal cells. (bvsalud.org)
  • However, in most cases, these patterns of chromothripsis differed from those in cancer genomes as the rearrangements were largely restricted to a single daughter cell and lacked the canonical oscillations in DNA copy-number states 2 . (nature.com)
  • Cancer index is defined as the deduction of sums of the squared difference between a real cell and the typical profiles for a PREC and a PC-3 cell. (mingsheng88.org)
  • The cancer indices for PC-3 and hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines were positive, while those for PRECs and human normal cryopreserved hepatocytes were unfavorable. (mingsheng88.org)
  • Consequently, several cancer cells Edoxaban (tosylate Monohydrate) could be noninvasively discriminated from normal cells by calculating the cancer index employing phase shift for all those pixels inside the cells. (mingsheng88.org)
  • 2007). Because it is important to determine whether cultured cells include cancer cells, a noninvasive evaluation method to determine whether cancer cells are present is necessary. (mingsheng88.org)
  • Consequently, we proposed the noninvasive discrimination of cancer cells from normal cells by measuring phase shift by PLM. (mingsheng88.org)
  • However, the sensitivity and specificity should be improved, because the histograms of phase shifts in normal and cancer cells overlapped. (mingsheng88.org)
  • Therefore, it was proposed that adherent PC-3 cancer cells could be noninvasively discriminated with high sensitivity and specificity from normal adherent PRECs by the periodical measurement of phase shift during culture using PLM (Takagi and Shibaki 2012). (mingsheng88.org)
  • However, periodical measurement of phase shift in many cells requires a long time, and it is desired Edoxaban (tosylate Monohydrate) to discriminate cancer cells precisely and noninvasively by one-time measurement of the phase shift in each cell. (mingsheng88.org)
  • Consequently, in this study, we investigated the noninvasive discrimination of cancer cells from normal cells using phase shift data for all those pixels in a cell acquired by one-time measurement by PLM. (mingsheng88.org)
  • In this study, by comparing the activity of normal cell lines and cancer cell lines after treating with resveratrol, it was found that resveratrol has more significant cytotoxicity in cancer cell lines. (mdpi.com)
  • Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for approximately 85 % of all lung cancers, with the current standard regimen of care for NSCLC including chemotherapy with pemetrexed as a single agent or in combination with platinum-based agents, e.g. cisplatin. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We hypothesized that prolonged pretreatment with pemetrexed could be beneficial, as prior depletion of nucleotide pools could sensitize cancer cells to subsequent treatment with cisplatin. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry were used to determine ANLN mRNA and protein expression in colorectal cancer (CRC), gastric cancer (GC), and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell lines. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Kougioumtzi A, Tsaparas P, Magklara A. (2014) Deep sequencing reveals new aspects of progesterone receptor signaling in breast cancer cells. (forth.gr)
  • In humans, the frequency of cell turnover ranges from a few hours in early embryonic development, to an average of two to five days for epithelial cells, and to an entire human lifetime spent in G 0 by specialized cells, such as cortical neurons or cardiac muscle cells. (openstax.org)
  • The group of benign tumours included 164 pleomorphic adenomas, 51 Warthin's tumours, 7 basal cell adenomas, 2 lipomas as well as 5 other different tumours. (researchgate.net)
  • Other lesions reported with BSS include parotid basal cell adenomas, organoid nevi, syringomas, and basal cell carcinomas. (medscape.com)
  • Some cells enter the G0 phase semi-permanently and are considered post-mitotic, e.g., some liver, kidney, and stomach cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • By using Fh1-deficient mouse epithelial kidney cells we have recently demonstrated that in the absence of Fh1, the TCA cycle is definitely truncated causing an build up of fumarate and succinate paralleled by a decrease of malate and citrate. (immune-source.com)
  • In the embryonic kidney, Nek1 expression is most prominent in cells that will become podocytes and proximal tubules. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Mechanisms regulating cardiomyocyte cell cycle arrest are of great interest partly because reversing this process could provide a way to stimulate cardiac regeneration after injury [ 17 ]. (springer.com)
  • The timing of events in the cell cycle is controlled by mechanisms that are both internal and external to the cell. (openstax.org)
  • If the checkpoint mechanisms detect problems with the DNA, the cell cycle is halted, and the cell attempts to either complete DNA replication or repair the damaged DNA. (openstax.org)
  • While the mechanisms of tumorigenesis in FH-deficient cells have been extensively looked into, the metabolic changes caused by the loss of FH activity have only been partially tackled. (immune-source.com)
  • We have proposed a model whereby these features of the axonal and dendritic microtubule arrays are established within the cell body of the neuron. (silverchair.com)
  • The morphology and functions of dendritic cells (DC). (powershow.com)
  • The morphology of cultured dendritic cells, the location of dendritic cells (Langerhans cells) in the epidermis. (powershow.com)
  • C, The role of dendritic cells in capturing microbial antigens from epithelia and - The morphology and functions of dendritic cells (DC). (powershow.com)
  • CC chemokines/CCL attract monocytes, eosinophils, basophils, dendritic and T cells and signal through chemokine receptors CCR1 to CCR10. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Psarrou M, Stefanou SS, Papoutsi A, Tzilivaki A, Cutsuridis V, Poirazi P. (2014) A simulation study on the effects of dendritic morphology on layer V prefrontal pyramidal cell firing behavior. (forth.gr)
  • The length of the cell cycle is highly variable, even within the cells of a single organism. (openstax.org)
  • Even the growth and development of every living organism depends on the growth and multiplication of its cells. (studyinnovations.com)
  • In multicellular organism also, new individual develop from a single cell. (studyinnovations.com)
  • The word "post-mitotic" is sometimes used to refer to both quiescent and senescent cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • Treatment of senescent cells with trichostatin A, a class I/II histone deacetylase inhibitor, also induced rapid and reversible decondensation of SAHFs. (biomedcentral.com)
  • However, the PC-3 and human hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines show markedly lower phase shifts, as measured by PLM, than PRECs and HCHs (Tokumitsu et al. (mingsheng88.org)
  • An event may be as simple as the death of a nearby cell or as sweeping as the release of growth-promoting hormones, such as human growth hormone (HGH). (openstax.org)
  • In this study we determined gene expression and secretion patterns for monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1/CCL2) and T-cell specific CXCR3 agonistic chemokines (Mig/CXCL9, IP-10/CXCL10, and I-TAC/CXCL11) in TNF-α-, IFN-γ-, and IL-1β-stimulated human alveolar epithelial cells type II (AEC-II). (biomedcentral.com)
  • The human body has nearly 1013 cells. (cdc.gov)
  • SIRT2, an NAD-dependent class III histone deacetylase, contributes to H4-K16Ac deacetylation and DNA compaction in human fibroblast cell lines that assemble striking senescence-associated heterochromatin foci (SAHFs). (biomedcentral.com)
  • The span of viability of a cell characterized by the capacity to perform certain functions such as metabolism, growth, reproduction, some form of responsiveness, and adaptability. (lookformedical.com)
  • It plays a major role in cell metabolism, growth, and survival as a core component of SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION . (lookformedical.com)
  • reported that ANLN may be a therapeutic target in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma HCC owing to its effects on carcinogenesis in HCC cell lines [ 12 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The D period refers to the stage between the end of DNA replication and the splitting of the bacterial cell into two daughter cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • e.g. 20 minutes for bacterial cel l, 8-10 hours for intestiona l epithelial cell, and onion root tip cells may take 20 hours. (studyinnovations.com)
  • When the genetic material is transferred from one bacterial cell to other either by direct contact or by a bridge like connection between two cells is called conjugation. (eduhyme.com)