• Another proposed mechanism of action is that angiostatin binds to Angiomotin (AMOT) and activating focal adhesion kinase (FAK). (wikipedia.org)
  • SCARA5 expression is significantly downregulated in various tumor tissues including liver cancer (LC), rectal cancer, and glioblastoma [ 15 , 16 ] and might affect cell proliferation and invasion abilities by the focal adhesion kinase (FAK) signaling pathway and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) [ 5 , 17 - 20 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • JNK is a nonreceptor kinase involved in the early events that signal cell migration after injury. (uky.edu)
  • We show that epithelial cell migration was regulated by this signaling cascade through oxidative inactivation of the regulatory phosphatases PTEN and PTP-PEST, with consequent activation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and paxillin. (phoenixbiotech.net)
  • Podosomes are structurally divided into a core, which mainly contains proteins involved in actin polymerization (such as WASP, the Arp2/3 complex and cortactin ), and a surrounding ring populated by integrin receptors and adhesion proteins (for example, paxillin and focal adhesion kinase (FAK/Pyk2) ) [15] . (cellmigration.org)
  • 105:14436) and the focal adhesion kinase FAK (Choi et al. (ucsf.edu)
  • Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) is a tyrosine kinase localized at the site of focal adhesions (FA). (aacrjournals.org)
  • Here, we show that vinculin null (vin −/− ) cells and cells expressing a vinculin Y822F mutant have increased survival due to up-regulated activity of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK). (rupress.org)
  • Both vinY822F and vin −/− cells exhibit increased interaction between paxillin and focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and increased paxillin and FAK phosphorylation. (rupress.org)
  • Moreover, Wnt-5a is known to inhibit migration of breast epithelial cells in culture and expression of Wnt-5a potentiates activation of the receptor tyrosine kinase DDR1, a collagen receptor implicated in cell adhesion and migration. (lu.se)
  • We demonstrate that DARPP-32 inhibits MCF-7 cell migration and that this effect requires phosphorylation of Threonine-34, an event catalyzed by protein kinase A (PKA) and strongly induced by detachment of cells from the culture substrate. (lu.se)
  • Finally, we found that phospho-DARPP-32 inhibited the activity of the focal adhesion kinase (FAK) in MCF-7 breast cancer cells, and that MCF-7 cells expressing phospho-DARPP-32 displayed less filopodia formation. (lu.se)
  • The focal adhesion kinase (FAK) is an intracellular tyrosine kinase associated with the regulation of cell growth, migration, and survival. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Tyrosine-protein kinase that acts as a cell-surface receptor for VEGFA, VEGFC and VEGFD. (drugbank.com)
  • Bae KM, Wang H, Jiang G, Chen MG, Lu L, Xiao L. Protein kinase C epsilon is overexpressed in primary human non-small cell lung cancers and functionally required for proliferation of non-small cell lung cancer cells in a p21/Cip1-dependent manner. (famri.org)
  • Chemical genetics reveals the requirement for Polo-like kinase 1 activity in positioning RhoA and triggering cytokinesis in human cells. (famri.org)
  • Protein Tyrosine kinase 6 (PTK6/BRK) is overexpressed in the majority of human breast tumors and breast tumor cell lines. (oncotarget.com)
  • Cytokines, growth factors, Wnt ligands, SPMs, and MMPs released in the wound microenvironment in response to injury support epithelial cell proliferation as well as migration. (jci.org)
  • The K1 side is believed to be primarily responsible for the inhibition of cellular proliferation, while the K2-K3 sides is believed to be primarily responsible for the inhibition of cell migration. (wikipedia.org)
  • There is still considerable uncertainty on its mechanism of action, but it seems to involve inhibition of endothelial cell migration, proliferation and induction of apoptosis. (wikipedia.org)
  • FAK has been shown to promote the inhibition of cell proliferation and cell migration, but lack of knowledge on how angiostatin and angiomotin function necessitate that addition research is required. (wikipedia.org)
  • SCARA5 promoted cell proliferation and migration but inhibited apoptosis in ESCC. (hindawi.com)
  • However, excessive mechanical force (450 Pa) could drive stem-like cancer cells into a quiescent state, with the removal of mechanical forces leading to vigorous proliferation in quiescent cancer stem cells. (bvsalud.org)
  • Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) inhibits proliferation and promotes cell migration. (nih.gov)
  • Mechanistically, WKYMVm effectively decreases intestinal permeability by stimulating colon epithelial cell proliferation. (phoenixbiotech.net)
  • WKYMVm stimulated chemotactic migration, angiogenesis, and proliferation ability of human ECFCs in vitro. (phoenixbiotech.net)
  • FAK seems also to have a role in the proliferation of tumor cells by its biochemical and biological association to cytoplasmic kinases such as src and ERK. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Treatment of an high proliferative melanoma cell line with the Rock inhibitor Y27632 partially decreased the levels of P-FAKSer732, the cellular proliferation and impaired the mitotic spindle formation. (aacrjournals.org)
  • MIR significantly inhibited cell proliferation in several breast cancer cells but did not affect the growth of normal breast epithelial cells. (tmu.edu.tw)
  • Cells sense the mechanical properties of their surrounding environment and activate intracellular signaling pathways that play important roles in cell survival, proliferation, differentiation, and migration. (abe-journal.org)
  • In the synthetic niche, interactions with the functionalized scaffold are expected to provide the signals needed for T-cell activation (with or without antigen specificity), lineage selection, proliferation, and survival. (weizmann.ac.il)
  • Promotes proliferation, survival, migration and differentiation of endothelial cells. (drugbank.com)
  • Rho GTPases represent a family of small GTP-binding proteins involved in cell cytoskeleton organization, migration, transcription, and proliferation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • They are endowed with GTP hydrolytic activity, mainly involved in cytoskeleton rearrangements and cell motility, but also involved in cell proliferation, transformation and differentiation [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Apoptosis is also implicated in homoeostasis by fine-tuning the balance between cell death and proliferation like in gonad size control in rodents [ 11 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Accumulating evidence in many metazoans suggest that apoptotic cells can emit caspase-dependent signals to their neighbours, modulating their fate (survival/death, differentiation or proliferation) or behaviour (migration) [ 12 , 13 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Apoptotic-induced proliferation was reported in several organisms, such as in the cnidarian Hydra , where apoptosis promotes proliferation of adjacent cells through emission of Wnt3 signalling in a caspase-dependant manner during head regeneration [ 14 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Proliferation and cell viability were assayed by means of the enzymatic cleavage of the tetrazolium salt WST-1 to formazan dye by cellular mitochondrial dehydrogenases. (scirp.org)
  • Cell proliferation was tested by MTT assay. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • It is reportedly involved in many physiological functions of cells, including apoptosis, proliferation, invasion and angiogenesis ( 5 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Gα12 couples to numerous G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and regulates multiple epithelial responses, including proliferation, apoptosis, permeability and the actin cytoskeleton. (medscape.com)
  • Angiostatin is known to bind many proteins, especially to angiomotin and endothelial cell surface ATP synthase but also integrins, annexin II, C-met receptor, NG2 proteoglycan, tissue-type plasminogen activator, chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans, and CD26. (wikipedia.org)
  • Although focal adhesions are similar, in terms of molecular composition, to nascent adhesions and focal complexes, several adhesion proteins appear to change as focal adhesions evolve in response to tension, e.g., zyxin and vinculin . (cellmigration.org)
  • Furthermore, GSOs protected cells against GLU-induced apoptosis by reducing the expression of the mitochondrial apoptosis-associated Bcl-2 family effector proteins and protected cells from GLU-induced oxidative damage by increasing the nuclear translocation of Nrf2 and HO-1 expression. (sdbonline.org)
  • We have revealed the design principles and functions of "pH sensors" described as endogenous proteins regulated within the cellular pH range, including guanine nucleotide exchange factors regulating cell polarity (Frantz et al. (ucsf.edu)
  • The finding that activation of G12 proteins promotes cancer cell migration and invasion has highlighted the need to understand the biologic processes underlying this phenomenon. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Both the transforming ability and the impact on cell invasion and metastasis of G12 proteins appear to be dependent, at least in part, on their ability to engage Rho GTPases. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Adhesion complexes (i.e., focal adhesions and focal complexes) and cell-cell contacts are specialized structures that harbor a large number of cytoskeletal proteins and one of the highest concentrations of signaling molecules in cells ( Ruoslahti and Obrink, 1996 ). (rupress.org)
  • Furthermore, the altered manifestation of Personal computer1 in MDCK cells offers been proven to market EMT-like features, such as for example cytoskeletal adjustments, rearrangement of cell adhesion proteins, and modified cell migration [21]. (biotech2012.org)
  • These properties will act mediating the action of cell adhesion proteins, regulating cell behavior and causing tissue regeneration. (bvsalud.org)
  • To occur the adhesion of CAMs to the biomaterial, it is necessary their interaction with some components of extracellular matrix, such as proteoglycans, collagen and proteins 23 . (bvsalud.org)
  • In addition we found a reduction in key proteins responsible for mechanosignalling within the lung epithelial cells. (lungdevelopmentandrepair.org)
  • It is now clear that Armadillo and beta-catenin bind directly to members of the T-cell factor/lymphoid enhancer factor subfamily of HMG box DNA-binding proteins, forming bipartite transcription factors that regulate Wingless/Wnt responsive genes in both Drosophila and vertebrates. (embl.de)
  • For example, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), such as MMP-2 and −9, have been shown to be typical NF-κB target proteins that are responsible for extracellular matrix breakdown and cell invasion ( 7 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • A mechanical force of ~45 Pa derived from the extracellular substrate activated integrin ß1/3 receptors, stimulating stem cell signaling pathways through the cytoskeleton/AIRE axis and promoting tumorigenic potential and stem-like phenotypes. (bvsalud.org)
  • Migration of cells into an injury site is crucial for repair after injury and requires cytoskeletal reorganization and remodeling of focal adhesions that connect the cytoskeleton to the extracellular matrix. (abe-journal.org)
  • We further found that cell migration for wound closure was improved most efficiently by cyclic stretching parallel to the wound direction, which facilitated polymerization of actin cytoskeleton aligning in the migration direction and vinculin-actin interactions. (abe-journal.org)
  • A common theme of these processes is a dynamic reorganization of actin cytoskeleton which has now emerged as a major switch control mainly carried out by Rho and Rac GTPase subfamilies, playing an acknowledged role in adaptation of cell motility to the microenvironment. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Thus, it is critical to understand how cells orient the cytoskeleton to produce forces that deform tissues. (nature.com)
  • Dr. Yamada's group explores how coordination between the three-dimensional (3D) extracellular matrix of connective tissue or basement membranes, integrins, signal transduction, and cytoskeleton mediates or regulates key biological processes - cell adhesion, migration, matrix remodeling, tissue morphogenesis, and cancer cell invasion. (nih.gov)
  • Directed cell migration is a complex process that involves front-rear polarization, characterized by cell adhesion and cytoskeleton-based protrusion, retraction, and contraction of either a single cell or a cell collective. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
  • In MCF10A/HER2 cells, TGF-beta enhanced cell motility, FAK phosphorylation, F-actin assembly, and focal adhesion formation and inhibited RhoA activity. (nih.gov)
  • Expression of AND-34 regulates epithelial cell growth pattern, motility, and growth factor dependence. (molvis.org)
  • These adhesions are usually physically linked to large, readily visualized actomyosin bundles [13] , and their appearance correlates inversely with motility, such that they are conspicuously absent in cells migrating within a three-dimensional (3D) substrate. (cellmigration.org)
  • The enhanced motility of vin −/− and vinY822F cells is also shown to be due to a similar mechanism. (rupress.org)
  • Collective motility leads to movement of cohorts of cells which maintain the adherens junctions and move by photolytic degradation of matrix barriers. (biomedcentral.com)
  • These two modes of cell movement are interconvertible and several moving cells, including tumor cells, show an high degree of plasticity in motility styles shifting ad hoc between mesenchymal or amoeboid movements. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This review will focus on the role of Rac and Rho small GTPases in cell motility and in the complex relationship driving the reciprocal control between Rac and Rho granting for the opportunistic motile behaviour of aggressive cancer cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Among other members, we will focus our attention on the Rac and Rho subfamilies, as they are the main effectors of cell motility. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Journal of Muscle Research & Cell Motility, 22, 5-49. (scirp.org)
  • Journal of Muscle Research and Cell Motility, 36, 147-153. (scirp.org)
  • One of the key processes in tumor progression and metastasis is epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), in which TGF-ß signaling plays important roles. (muni.cz)
  • Cell invasion is a crucial step of tumor metastasis , finding new regulators of which offers potential drug targets for cancer therapy. (sdbonline.org)
  • FAK plays a prominent role in tumor progression and metastasis regulating cellular processes including migration, invasion, epithelial to mesenchymal transition, and angiogenesis. (aacrjournals.org)
  • These findings have provided compelling evidence that G12 signaling is an important regulator of cancer cell invasion and metastasis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Breast cancer metastasis is initiated when cells break through basement membrane and migrate through the surrounding tissue before spreading throughout the body to colonize secondary sites. (vanderbilt.edu)
  • Taken together, this work identifies a key link between metabolism and confined migration in breast cancer cells and highlights potential avenues for therapeutics to treat breast cancer metastasis. (vanderbilt.edu)
  • In invasion and metastasis, NF-κB regulates the gene transcription of proteolytic enzymes, cytokines and signaling molecules associated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) ( 6 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • In addition, immunofluorescence showed the formation of stress fibers and vinculin foci in cells without AGR2 and in response to TGF-ß treatment, with synergistic effects observed. (muni.cz)
  • We find that this priming in confinement correlates with increased mitochondrial localization at the leading edge of the cell, and that disrupting focal adhesion formation by knocking out vinculin inhibits memory and mitochondrial localization. (vanderbilt.edu)
  • Cells lacking vinculin are highly metastatic and motile. (rupress.org)
  • A vinculin fragment (amino acids 811-1066) containing the paxillin binding site restored apoptosis and suppressed ERK activity in vin −/− cells. (rupress.org)
  • Other adhesion substances, such as for example ZO-1, -catenin and vinculin weren't modified by ouabain. (biotech2012.org)
  • Caco-2 cells labeled for tight junction molecule cingulin (green), actin (red), vinculin (pink) and DNA (blue). (weizmann.ac.il)
  • 202:849) controlling cell-substrate adhesion. (ucsf.edu)
  • Inhibition of cell/substrate adhesion with specific anti-integrin antibodies demonstrated that P-FAKSer732 activation is not induced by integrin clustering. (aacrjournals.org)
  • We controlled the direction of scratched wound in cell tissue to be i) perpendicular to the stretch direction (perpendicular stretch), ii) parallel to the direction of the zero normal strain in the substrate θ 0 (~60º) (oblique stretch), and iii) parallel to stretch direction (parallel stretch). (abe-journal.org)
  • Gradients of substrate stiffness direct the migration of cellular clusters in a process called collective durotaxis, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
  • Our study demonstrates a physical mechanism of collective durotaxis, through both cell-cell and cell-substrate adhesion ligands, based on the wetting properties of active droplets. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
  • Western blot analysis and in situ hybridization confirmed the presence of AND-34 RNA and protein in lens epithelial cells, particularly at the lens equator. (molvis.org)
  • While Akt Ser 473 phosphorylation was readily detectable in AND-34 +/+ lens epithelial cells, it was markedly reduced in the AND-34 −/− lens epithelium. (molvis.org)
  • These results demonstrate the loss of AND-34 dysregulates focal adhesion complex signaling in lens epithelial cells and suggest that AND-34-mediated signaling is required for maintenance of the structural integrity of the adult ocular lens. (molvis.org)
  • The main outcome measure was the mean number of lens epithelial cells attached to each lens type after 24 hours of incubation. (arvojournals.org)
  • Coating the lenses with fibronectin caused a significant increase in attachment of lens epithelial cells for all three lens types. (arvojournals.org)
  • These findings imply that both AGR2 downregulation and TGF-ß have a role in focal adhesion formation and cancer cell migration and invasion. (muni.cz)
  • This study aims to understand the function and mechanism of Drosophila Glycine N-acyltransferase (GLYAT) in cell invasion. (sdbonline.org)
  • dGLYAT was found to regulate Gadd45 -mediated JNK pathway activation and cell invasion. (sdbonline.org)
  • However, despite a well characterized role of Rho GTPases, the potential role of secreted factors in the capacity of G12 signaling to promote invasion of cancer cells is just beginning to be addressed. (biomedcentral.com)
  • MDA-MB-231 and MCF10A breast cancer cell lines were employed as a model system to explore the involvement of secreted factors in G12-stimulated cell invasion. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Factors secreted by cells expressing dominant-active Gα12 were identified by protein array, and their involvement in breast cancer cell invasion was assessed through both RNAi-mediated knockdown and antibody neutralization approaches. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We found that signaling through the Gα12 in MDA-MB-231 and MCF10A breast cancer cell lines enhances expression of interleukins (IL)-6 and −8, and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, and that these secreted factors play a role in G12-stimulated cell invasion. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Inhibition of IL-6 and IL-8, or MMP-2 activity significantly decreased Gα12-mediated cell invasion. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Numerous studies have identified the GTPase Rho as a major mediator of G12 signaling via its ability to effect changes in cytoskeletal dynamics required for cell migration, invasion and engagement of the cellular transcriptional machinery [ 4 , 10 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • From the constructed functionally enriched network, we confirmed that MIR caused G2/M cell cycle arrest, remodeled the microtubule network to an astral pole arrangement, altered the actin filament formation and focal adhesion molecule localization, and reduced cell migration activity and invasion ability. (tmu.edu.tw)
  • Invasion assays after transfections were used to assess the effect of increased FAK expression on invasive potential of oral tumor cells. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Overexpression of FAK in low-invading SCC15 cells resulted in a 4.5-fold increase in the rate of invasion compared with untransfected or neotransfected control SCC15 cell lines and a nearly 1.5-fold greater rate compared with the highly invasive untransfected SCC25 cell line. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Cell migration was detected by wound healing and Transwell assays, while cell invasion was detected by a Matrigel‑coated Transwell method. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • The directed migration of cellular clusters enables morphogenesis, wound healing and collective cancer invasion. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
  • These results suggest that DARPP-32 restricts the migration of breast epithelial cells via both a transcription dependent mechanism that involves CREB and a transcription independent mechanism affecting FAK. (lu.se)
  • Right here, we established whether physiological concentrations of ouabain induces EMT in human being renal epithelial cells from individuals with ADPKD. (biotech2012.org)
  • Secretion of IL-2 by activated T-cells induces an autocrine- and paracrine-induced proliferative effect on adjacent T-cells. (weizmann.ac.il)
  • Finally, apoptotic cells modulate death or survival balance, as was observed in the Drosophila imaginal disc, by producing the Tie ligand Pvf1, that induces death resistance of neighbouring cells [ 17 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In the renal glomeruli, VEGFA is mainly expressed in and secreted from podocytes and tubular epithelial cells, which induces renal injury through binding to the receptor VEGFR, mainly VEGFR2, which is expressed on the surface of endothelial cells [ 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Coimmunoprecipitation and pulldown analyses, protein deubiquitination assay, tissue microarray, bioinformatic analysis and molecular biology methods were then used to determine the significance of PD-L1 in NSCLC chemoresistance and associated signaling pathways in several different cell lines, mouse models and patient tissue samples. (bvsalud.org)
  • We further determined USP51 as a bona fide deubiquitinase that targeted the deubiquitination and stabilization of the PD-L1 protein in chemoresistant NSCLC cells. (bvsalud.org)
  • In TGF-beta-treated MCF10A mammary epithelial cells overexpressing HER2 and by chromatin immunoprecipitation, we identified novel Smad targets including protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type kappa (PTPRK). (nih.gov)
  • AND-34/BCAR3 (Breast Cancer Anti-Estrogen Resistance 3) associates with the focal adhesion adaptor protein, p130CAS/BCAR1. (molvis.org)
  • Our work bridges protein electrostatics and structure with cell biology to reveal how pHi dynamics regulates cell behaviors through protonation of titrating amino acids as a post-translational modification to regulate protein structure and function (Schönichen et al. (ucsf.edu)
  • The high impact our pioneering work bridging protein electrostatics and cell biology is highlighted by our publication h-index of 46. (ucsf.edu)
  • Indeed, P-FAKSer732 co-localized with microtubules of the mitotic spindle in proliferating cells and immunoprecipitated with the motor protein dynein and with the acetylated tubulin of polymerized microtubules. (aacrjournals.org)
  • PTEN exhibits protein phosphatase activity and can suppress the growth of glioma cells. (bio-rad-antibodies.com)
  • These results are mediated from the binding of ouabain to its receptor, Na,K-ATPase (NKA), a plasma membrane protein complicated also mixed up in energetic exchange of Na+ and K+ over the cell surface area [30]. (biotech2012.org)
  • Background: Tropomyosin 1 alpha chain (Tm1) is an actin-binding protein that regulates the endothelial cell response to oxidative stress following its phosphorylation at Serine 283 (S283). (scirp.org)
  • We detected PTK6 mRNA and protein expression in the immortalized normal MCF-10A human mammary gland epithelial cell line, and examined PTK6 expression and activation in a normal human breast tissue microarray, as well as in human breast tumors. (oncotarget.com)
  • To demonstrate differences in human lens epithelial cell adhesion to different intraocular lens biomaterials in vitro and to determine whether these differences can be influenced by coating the intraocular lens surface with commercially available fibronectin. (arvojournals.org)
  • Cell attachment was more prominent in the acrylic lenses, but the fibronectin coating negated differences in lens type and caused a significant increase in cell attachment across all groups. (arvojournals.org)
  • Basement membrane regulates fibronectin organization using sliding focal adhesions driven by a contractile winch. (nih.gov)
  • Skin and intestinal epithelial barriers play a pivotal role in protecting underlying tissues from harsh external environments. (jci.org)
  • Endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFCs) are recruited to the sites of ischemic injury in order to contribute to neovascularization and repair of injured tissues. (phoenixbiotech.net)
  • Cell-cell adhesion maintains epithelial tissues, supports functional contacts between specialized cells, and can facilitate directed migration (for example, radial glia can guide neuronal progenitor cells to specific layers of the brain). (cellmigration.org)
  • Quantifying the mechanics and growth of cells and tissues in 3D using high resolution computational models. (crossref.org)
  • Tissue engineering is a strategy very used to obtain functional repairing through the development of biological substitutes that can restore, keep or substitute damaged tissues or organs 31 , through the combination of scaffolds biocompatible with live cells and/or bioactive molecules 19 . (bvsalud.org)
  • The term "oncotarget" encompasses all molecules, pathways, cellular functions, cell types, and even tissues that can be viewed as targets relevant to cancer as well as other diseases. (oncotarget.com)
  • Together, our in vivo and in silico data provide a framework for understanding how cells orient force generation, establishing a role for geometrical and mechanical patterning of force production in tissues. (nature.com)
  • Forces that shape cells and tissues can be produced by the contraction of actin filament (F-actin) meshworks by the molecular motor Myosin II (myosin). (nature.com)
  • The biological systems studied include human primary cells migrating in 3D, human tumor cells and tissues, and mouse organ development (salivary glands, lungs, and kidneys). (nih.gov)
  • Dendritic cells are present in the skin (as Langerhans cells), lymph nodes, and tissues throughout the body. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Macrophages are phagocytic cells present in tissues throughout the body. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Dynamic remodeling of focal adhesion complexes and actin promotes interactions with the ECM that facilitate the epithelial sheet's migration. (jci.org)
  • Focal complexes are adhesions in the early stages of maturation. (cellmigration.org)
  • they have receptors for the crystallizable fragment (Fc) region of immunoglobulin (Ig) G and for complement, which enable them to bind with immune complexes and present the complex to B cells in germinal centers of secondary lymphoid organs. (msdmanuals.com)
  • A major aspect our research program is determining in molecular detail how intracellular (cytoplasmic) pH (pHi) dynamics regulates cell behaviors, with a focus on epithelial plasticity. (ucsf.edu)
  • Patterned cell and matrix dynamics in branching morphogenesis. (nih.gov)
  • Nascent adhesions are the first observable adhesive structures, emerging within the lamellipodium. (cellmigration.org)
  • Nascent adhesions are small and highly transient - either maturing or disassembling ('turning over') - and are therefore not easily observed in every cell type [6] , [7] . (cellmigration.org)
  • They are larger than nascent adhesions, depend on myosin II for their formation and maintenance, and reside at the boundary of the lamellum and lamellipodium [10] , [11] . (cellmigration.org)
  • Like nascent adhesions, they also tend to either disassemble (turnover) or grow and elongate into focal adhesions. (cellmigration.org)
  • In this Review we focus on epithelial and innate immune cell interactions that mediate wound healing and restoration of tissue homeostasis in the skin and intestine. (jci.org)
  • In cells expressing RPTPkappa RNAi, phosphorylation of Src at Tyr527 was increased and (activating) phosphorylation of Src at Tyr416 was reduced. (nih.gov)
  • Previous studies in neural and endothelial cells (EC) have shown a new role for FAK in the regulation of centrosome functions during mitosis dependent on Ser732 phosphorylation. (aacrjournals.org)
  • We find that modulating glucose metabolism by inhibiting glycolysis or oxidative phosphorylation can shift EMT status to alter migration ability. (vanderbilt.edu)
  • In addition, we found that Wnt-5a could directly trigger a cAMP response that resulted in phosphorylation of DARPP-32 and stimulation with Wnt-5a was necessary for DARPP-32 mediated inhibition of cell migration in wound healing assay. (lu.se)
  • Conclusion: Phosphorylation of Tm1 at Ser283 contributes to its anti-tumor properties, and this effect results mainly from an increase in cell adhesion associated with a decrease in their migratory and invasive potentials. (scirp.org)
  • Simoneau, B., Houle, F. and Huot, J. (2012) Regulation of Endothelial Permeability and Transendothelial Migration of Cancer Cells by Tropomyosin-1 Phosphorylation. (scirp.org)
  • Similar to findings in the prostate, we detect nuclear and cytoplasmic PTK6 in normal mammary gland epithelial cells, but no phosphorylation of tyrosine residue 342. (oncotarget.com)
  • Transfection with paxillin Y31FY118F dominant-negative mutant in these cells inhibits ERK activation and restores apoptosis. (rupress.org)
  • The effects of TiO2 NPs exposure on cell viability and apoptosis were marginal with only a slightly decrease in cell viability and a subtle increase in apoptosis rate observed at a high concentration of TiO2 NPs (100 μg/mL). (abberior.rocks)
  • Apoptosis is a caspase regulated cell death present in all metazoans defined by a conserved set of morphological features. (biomedcentral.com)
  • A well-described function of apoptosis is the removal of excessive cells during development and homeostasis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In contrast to the apoptotic function of cell elimination, this new role of apoptosis is not well understood but seems caspase-dependent. (biomedcentral.com)
  • To deepen our understanding of apoptotic functions, it is necessary to work on a biological model with a predictable apoptosis pattern affecting cell fate and/or behaviour. (biomedcentral.com)
  • While the function of cell elimination by apoptosis is highly documented, apoptosis seems to have a broader morphogenetic function that goes beyond cells elimination. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Evaluating the capacity of caspases to affect gene expression and influence fate and/or behaviour of cells adjacent to apoptosis is the first fundamental step to better characterise this new function in animals. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Herein, we sought to better understand how ubiquitin-specific peptidase 51 (USP51)/PD-L1/integrin beta-1 (ITGB1) signaling performs a cell-intrinsic role in mediating chemotherapeutic resistance in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). (bvsalud.org)
  • Single cell mesenchymal-type movement is characterized by an elongated cellular shape and again requires extracellular proteolysis and integrin engagement. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We identified significant changes in transcripts associated with focal adhesion and eicosanoid production, in particular arachidonic acid metabolism. (muni.cz)
  • Since PGE2 is a product of arachidonic acid metabolism, its lowered concentration in media from AGR2-knockout cells was confirmed by ELISA. (muni.cz)
  • Scientists working in basic, translational, and clinical cancer metabolism research are invited to join the Academy in New York on April 17th to discuss the intersection between cell signaling and metabolism. (nyas.org)
  • The primary tumor microenvironment, composed primarily of collagen, imparts mechanical challenges upon cancer cells that regulate their migration ability, metabolism, and metastatic potential. (vanderbilt.edu)
  • In this dissertation, I investigate the interplay of confinement and cellular metabolism in breast cancer cell migration using an engineered collagen microtrack platform. (vanderbilt.edu)
  • We next investigate the role of glucose metabolism and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in migration through collagen microtracks. (vanderbilt.edu)
  • Further, inducing EMT can modulate cell metabolism to affect migration ability, indicating a link between cancer cell bioenergetics and EMT. (vanderbilt.edu)
  • Ouabain activates signaling occasions that result in adjustments in cell rate of metabolism, adhesion, and development inside a cell type particular way [25-29]. (biotech2012.org)
  • Our findings highlight the vital role of ECM-derived mechanical force in governing breast cancer cell stemness/quiescence transition and suggest the novel use of ECM signature in predicting the clinical prognosis of breast cancer. (bvsalud.org)
  • We describe a novel intestinal epithelial FPR signaling pathway that is activated by an endogenous FPR ligand, annexin A1 (ANXA1), and its cleavage product Ac2-26, which mediate activation of ROS by an epithelial NADPH oxidase, NOX1. (phoenixbiotech.net)
  • In vivo studies using intestinal epithelial specific Nox1(-/-IEC) and AnxA1(-/-) mice demonstrated defects in intestinal mucosal wound repair, while systemic administration of ANXA1 promoted wound recovery in a NOX1-dependent fashion. (phoenixbiotech.net)
  • These studies have served to highlight the role of AND-34/BCAR3 and p130Cas in cell adhesion and migration signaling pathways. (molvis.org)
  • When caspase activity was impaired, genes known to be involved in metamorphosis were downregulated along with other implicated in cell migration and survival molecular pathways. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In the current study, the anti‑invasive activities and associated signaling pathways of celastrol were determined in ovarian cancer cells. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Targeting activated Gα subunits to specific cells in vivo permits identification of downstream effector pathways independent of receptor activation, and thus permits insight into disease mechanisms otherwise impossible to study in vivo . (medscape.com)
  • Although pHi was previously thought to be relatively constant as a homeostatic mechanism, we now know that pHi changes during normal cell cycle progression, cell migration, and cell differentiation. (ucsf.edu)
  • We also found that increased pHi is necessary for adult and embryonic stem cell differentiation as well as lineage specification (Ulmschneider et al. (ucsf.edu)
  • Among additional features, the ADPKD phenotype contains cell de-differentiation and epithelial to mesenchymal changeover (EMT). (biotech2012.org)
  • We propose these results as a confirmation that apoptotic cells can control surrounding cells fate and as a reference database to explore novel apoptotic functions in animals, including those related to migration and differentiation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In order to be effective and integrated to the receiving area, the bone graft is required to allow a strong cell adhesion, interacting with several molecules to induce migration, differentiation, and thus the mineralization of the new bone on the graft. (bvsalud.org)
  • Notwithstanding, to achieve the effectiveness and integration of the grafted tissue to the receptor site, it is necessary a strong cell adhesion, so that it demands many molecules interaction to induce cell differentiation and the bone matrix mineralization formed onto the graft. (bvsalud.org)
  • NPCs were printed and differentiated for up to 15 days, and cell viability and neuronal differentiation markers were assessed throughout the culture.Results and Discussion: This composite biomaterial presented the desired physical properties to mimic the ECM of the brain with high water intake, low stiffness, and slow degradation while allowing the printing of defined structures. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
  • However, the levels of beta-III tubulin marker increased over time, demonstrating the compatibility of this biomaterial with neuronal cell culture and differentiation. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
  • Another proposed mechanism of action is that angiostatin is able to reduce epithelial cell migration by binding to avB3-integrins. (wikipedia.org)
  • However studies have shown that avB3-integrins are not critically essential for angiogenesis, so more investigation is require to ascertain how the inhibition of avB3-integrins inhibit epithelial cell migration. (wikipedia.org)
  • Prominent among the molecular adhesion components are integrins (β1 and β2), that mediate the interactions of a variety of immune cells to extracellular matrices, and to other immune cells, respectively. (weizmann.ac.il)
  • Several molecules are involved in the process of cell adhesion to bone grafts, highlighting the role of integrins, the focal adhesion mechanism, the influence of the collagen matrix, and the activity of alkaline phosphatase in bone matrix formation. (bvsalud.org)
  • Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Therefore, it is important to explore candidate genes that could have significance to the clinical diagnosis, as well as the treatment of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) at the molecular level [ 4 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Model for the molecular mechanism of ANXA1-induced NOX1-dependent redox signaling during epithelial wound repair. (phoenixbiotech.net)
  • Although their molecular composition is very similar to that of focal adhesions, their spatial distribution is radial, forming dot-like structures similar to 'suction cups' [14] . (cellmigration.org)
  • The molecular mechanisms mediating pHi-regulated cell behaviors, however, remain understudied and largely unknown. (ucsf.edu)
  • The mission of this unit is to understand the biogenesis of the cell compartments and the molecular mechanisms that govern normal cellular functions. (institut-curie.org)
  • We performed iTRAQ-coupled LC-MS/MS analysis to investigate the MIR-triggered molecular mechanisms in breast cancer cells. (tmu.edu.tw)
  • This process revealed that the Vangl2 Lp mutation caused disruption of the actomyosin network (a kind of scaffold present in cells that is analogous to the musculoskeletal system in the human body), as well as focal adhesions, which function as molecular clutches, enabling cells to attach to their surrounding matrix. (lungdevelopmentandrepair.org)
  • Notably, many natural compounds have been found to effectively suppress NF-κB signaling, providing an experimentally validated molecular explanation for their functional outcomes in tumor cells ( 14 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • The first proposed mechanism of action is that angiostatin binds to F1-FoATP synthase found both in the mitochondria and on the cellular membrane of epithelial cells which not only inhibits ATP production in tumor cells but also inhibits the cell's ability to maintain the acidic pH of tumor cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • A small percentage of AND-34 −/− mice show distinctive small white eye lesions resulting from the migration of ruptured cortical lens tissue into the anterior chamber. (molvis.org)
  • The levels of catalase (CAT) and glutathione (GSH) were measured in PC12 cells and Drosophila brain tissue. (sdbonline.org)
  • GSOs also mitigated the deleterious effects of GLU on the mitochondrial membrane potential and Cyt C release, thus alleviating mitochondrial dysfunction, and increased GSH levels and CAT activity in both cells and Drosophila brain tissue. (sdbonline.org)
  • Cancer cells migrating through the primary tumor microenvironment must navigate confined spaces in the tissue. (vanderbilt.edu)
  • Thus, it is possible that a directional cyclic stretch stimulation of cells may facilitate the wound healing process and establish ordered tissue formation. (abe-journal.org)
  • This paper is a systematic review of the literature on the mechanisms of cell adhesion to bone grafts associated to nanotechnology, describing the importance and the role of those molecules in the adhesion and thus in tissue regeneration. (bvsalud.org)
  • Accurate identification of these mechanisms of cell adhesion is essential for further advancement in tissue engineering, such as the production of biological bone substitutes that achieve a better clinical outcome. (bvsalud.org)
  • By monitoring in real time the movement of alveolar epithelial cells (an important cell type that form alveoli) in slices of lung tissue, we found that cells from the Vangl2 Lp/+ mutant mice had slower and more restricted movement compared to cells from normal healthy mice. (lungdevelopmentandrepair.org)
  • The magnitude, direction and timing of contractile force depend on the organization of the cellular actomyosin meshworks and how these networks are connected between cells at the level of the tissue. (nature.com)
  • How cells determine the direction in which they apply force is of critical importance to cell and tissue shape changes. (nature.com)
  • Previous work has shown that gradients or asymmetries in biochemical signals at the cell and tissue level can serve as instructive cues to pattern force generation. (nature.com)
  • How epithelial cells actively respond to mechanical constraints by adjusting how they generate force is important to understand tissue morphogenesis. (nature.com)
  • In the Drosophila embryo, apical constriction in a strip of epithelial cells along the ventral midline results in the folding of the tissue and the internalization of ventral cells, forming a ventral furrow (VF). (nature.com)
  • With regard to cancer treatment, celastrol has been shown to exert considerable cell-killing effects and to shrink xenografted tumors in tissue and animal models of various malignancies including cancers of the prostate ( 16 - 18 ), breast ( 19 ), liver ( 20 , 21 ) and lung ( 22 , 23 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Furthermore, it's been recommended that ADPKD renal epithelial cells display an irregular response to damage, signaling a wounded position, which initiates a futile wound-healing system that exacerbates the development of the condition [15]. (biotech2012.org)
  • E6 and Metabolic syndrome and risks of colon and rectal renal cell carcinoma. (who.int)
  • Herein, using a random positioning machine (RPM) to simulate microgravity, we investigated the behaviors of cells under simulated microgravity and also evaluated the possible toxicity of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs), a multifunctional nanomaterial with potential application in aerospace. (abberior.rocks)
  • The results showed that simulated microgravity had no significant effect on the viability of A549 cells as compared with normal gravity within 48 h. (abberior.rocks)
  • However, it was observed that the exposure to simulated microgravity could obviously reduce A549 cell migration compared with normal gravity. (abberior.rocks)
  • The disruption of F-actin network and the deactivation of FAK (Tyr397) might be responsible for the impaired mobility of simulated microgravity-exposed A549 cells. (abberior.rocks)
  • TiO2 NPs exposure inhibited cell migration under two different gravity conditions, but to different degrees, with a milder inhibition under simulated microgravity. (abberior.rocks)
  • Meanwhile, it was found that A549 cells internalized more TiO2 NPs under normal gravity than simulated microgravity, which may account for the lower cytotoxicity and the lighter inhibition of cell migration induced by the same exposure concentration of TiO2 NPs under simulated microgravity at least partially. (abberior.rocks)
  • Our study has provided some tentative information on the effects of TiO2 NPs exposure on cell behaviors under simulated microgravity. (abberior.rocks)
  • The system of actions of ouabain will not just involve adjustments in intracellular ion concentrations that derive from inhibition of NKA ion transportation activity, but it addittionally depends upon the stimulation of the cascade of supplementary messengers in the prospective cells that rely for the function of NKA like a cell sign transducer [31-33]. (biotech2012.org)
  • Intracellular antigens (eg, viruses) can be processed and presented to CD8 cytotoxic T cells by any nucleated cell because all nucleated cells express class I MHC molecules. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Our findings delineate a novel epithelial FPR1/NOX1-dependent redox signaling pathway that promotes mucosal wound repair. (phoenixbiotech.net)
  • These results further support the main element part that ouabain offers as one factor that promotes the cystic features of ADPKD cells. (biotech2012.org)
  • These adhesions generate signals that activate Rac, promoting actin polymerization and preventing myosin II engagement in the lamellipodium. (cellmigration.org)
  • Rho activation is thought to generate focal adhesions and actin bundling due to increased myosin II activity. (cellmigration.org)
  • In the Drosophila thorax, opposing gradients of Dachsous and Four-jointed expression, which are constituents of the Fat/Dachsous/Four-jointed planar cell polarity pathway, result in the polarized localization of the myosin Dachs 9 . (nature.com)
  • Scheme depicts the process of adhesion maturation. (cellmigration.org)
  • Fibrillar adhesions represent an extreme in the maturation of adhesions and are not generally seen in migrating cells. (cellmigration.org)
  • Furthermore, these cells showed increased maturation with corresponding functional properties, which was also demonstrated by the formation of a neuronal network that was observed by recording spontaneous activity via Ca2+ imaging. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
  • Porcine aortic endothelial cell, double-labeled for actin (green) and phospho-tyrosine (red). (weizmann.ac.il)
  • RESULTS: We provided evidence that cancer cell-intrinsic PD-L1 conferred the development of chemoresistance by directly binding to its membrane-bound receptor ITGB1 in NSCLC. (bvsalud.org)
  • Annexin A1, formyl peptide receptor, and NOX1 orchestrate epithelial repair. (phoenixbiotech.net)
  • WKYMVm-induced activation of formyl peptide receptor 2 stimulates ischemic neovasculogenesis by promoting homing of endothelial colony-forming cells. (phoenixbiotech.net)
  • a1) T cells can also interact with, and be activated by, DCs presenting via MHC/HLA a specific antigen matching the T-cell receptor, and accompanied by co-stimulatory (CD80/CD86 DCs, and CD28 T cells) and adhesive molecules (ICAM-1/LFA-3 DCs, and LFA-1/CD2 T cells). (weizmann.ac.il)
  • While caspase-dependent signals emitted by apoptotic cells start to be characterised, almost no target genes are identified in receptor cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • STARD12 co-expressed genes participated in cell cycle and DNA replication, and STARD14 were enriched in ECM-receptor interaction. (medsci.org)
  • Its signaling activity is distinct from its role in cadherin-mediated cell adhesion, and it probably acts either in the cytosol or in the nucleus. (embl.de)
  • Required for VEGFA-mediated induction of NOS2 and NOS3, leading to the production of the signaling molecule nitric oxide (NO) by endothelial cells. (drugbank.com)
  • Lastly, we tested a drug WNT5A, a molecule that belongs to the same pathway as VANGL2, and showed that it could improve wound healing ability in the mutant cells, suggesting that WNT5A could be a potential target for lung repair. (lungdevelopmentandrepair.org)
  • Here, we investigated the effects of directional cyclic uniaxial stretch on wound repair processes of monolayer epithelial-like cells that was scratch wounded. (abe-journal.org)
  • After the use of search strategies, 18 articles that describe processes of cell adhesion to bone grafts were selected. (bvsalud.org)
  • Our findings revealed that ECM-derived mechanical force regulated tumor stemness and cell quiescence in breast cancer cells. (bvsalud.org)
  • Mechanical force facilitated cell cycle arrest to induce quiescence, dependent on DDR2/STAT1/P27 signaling. (bvsalud.org)
  • Therefore, ECM-derived mechanical force governs breast cancer cell status and proliferative characteristics through stiffness alterations. (bvsalud.org)
  • Is the mechanical activity of epithelial cells controlled by deformations or forces? (crossref.org)
  • Finally, we establish cellular metabolic phenotype as a stable, heritable trait of cancer cells that can determine cell response to mechanical cues and migration ability. (vanderbilt.edu)
  • Improved understanding of crosstalk between epithelial and immune cells during wound repair is necessary for development of better pro-resolving strategies to treat debilitating complications of disorders ranging from inflammatory bowel disease to diabetes. (jci.org)
  • b) In a novel approach for construction of a synthetic immune niche, many of the cell-bound and ECM-associated ligands are transferred to a synthetic 2D (left) or 3D scaffold (right), to which T cells can bind. (weizmann.ac.il)
  • PTK6 is expressed in normal prostate epithelial cells where it is largely localized to the nuclei, but in prostate cancers PTK6 nuclear localization is lost [ 7 ]. (oncotarget.com)
  • Using our collagen microtrack platform, we find that breast cancer cells in confinement exhibit increased velocity and cell-generated matrix strains. (vanderbilt.edu)
  • In response to damage, epithelial wounds repair by a series of events that integrate epithelial responses with those of resident and infiltrating immune cells including neutrophils and monocytes/macrophages. (jci.org)
  • Podosomes are ring-shaped adhesions often found in fast-moving cells, such as macrophages. (cellmigration.org)
  • The internalized ventral cells give rise to the mesoderm that differentiates into muscle and other internal cell types such as the fat body, macrophages or lymph glands. (nature.com)
  • At infection sites, activated T cells secrete cytokines (eg, interferon-gamma [IFN-gamma]) that induce production of macrophage migration inhibitory factor, preventing macrophages from leaving. (msdmanuals.com)
  • These signals are also required for the dissolution of some adhesions (turnover) as the cell advances. (cellmigration.org)
  • Ali MA, Choy H, Habib AA, Saha D. SNS-032 prevents tumor cell-induced angiogenesis by inhibiting vascular endothelial growth factor. (famri.org)
  • PTK6 was identified in human metastatic breast cancer [ 2 ], and is overexpressed in the majority of human breast cancers and in most breast tumor cell lines [ 3 - 5 ]. (oncotarget.com)
  • Small interfering RNA-mediated silencing of FPR2, but not FPR3, abrogated WKYMVm-induced migration and angiogenesis of ECFCs. (phoenixbiotech.net)
  • Safety and Efficacy Study of rhAngiostatin Administered in Combination With Paclitaxel and Carboplatin to Patients With Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.gov Cao Y, Ji RW, Davidson D, et al. (wikipedia.org)
  • In this study, we aimed to explore the influence of ECM-derived biomechanical force on breast cancer cell status. (bvsalud.org)
  • Nevertheless, the function and underlying signaling network(s) of cancer cell-intrinsic PD-L1 action remain largely unknown. (bvsalud.org)
  • Recently, AGR2 was identified as a crucial component of the cellular machinery responsible for maintaining the epithelial phenotype, thereby interfering with the induction of mesenchymal phenotype cells by TGF-ß effects in cancer. (muni.cz)
  • Here, we performed transcriptomic profiling of A549 lung cancer cells with CRISPR-Cas9 mediated AGR2 knockout with and without TGF-ß treatment. (muni.cz)
  • In the present study, we explored the oncogenic roles of miR-183 in ESCC by gain and loss of function analysis in an esophageal cancer cell line (EC9706). (molcells.org)
  • We used middle infrared (MIR) with a wavelength range of 3-5 Îm to irradiate breast cancer cells. (tmu.edu.tw)
  • Myeloma cancer cell responding to shear flow (by scanning electron microscope). (weizmann.ac.il)
  • Methods: MDA MB231 breast cancer cells stably overexpressing wild type form of Tm1 or Tm1 mutants (S283A and S283E) were generated. (scirp.org)
  • Cell migration was evaluated by using the wound-healing assay and by measuring transendothelial migration of cancer cells. (scirp.org)
  • Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for 85-90% of cases, while lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the most common subtype [ 2 ]. (medsci.org)
  • Multi-omics biomarkers of response to the discovered drugs were identified using human breast cancer cell lines. (cdc.gov)
  • These partners not only play key roles in a variety of cell fate decisions during normal development but, when inappropriately activated, contribute to both colon cancer and melanoma. (embl.de)
  • In 2014, the American Cancer Society reported 21,550 cases of epithelial ovarian carcinoma and 14,600 disease-related mortalities, indicating that 69% percent of all patients with ovarian carcinoma succumbed to their disease. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Durotaxis by human cancer cells. (nih.gov)
  • We show that clusters of cancer cells dewet soft substrates and wet stiff ones. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
  • Cancer Lett, 300:215-224.doi:10.1016/j. squamous cell carcinoma in north-eastern Iran. (who.int)
  • 99:209 -215.doi:10.1007/s11060 - 010 - 0129 -5 cell carcinoma-a population-based study in with and without cervical cancer in Tbilisi, Georgia. (who.int)
  • DARPP-32 mediated inhibition of cell migration proved to be dependent on DDR1 expression, consolidating a functional relevance of the interaction between DARPP-32 and DDR1. (lu.se)