Epithelial cell proliferation and differentiation. Medical search. Frequent questions

Fibronectin plays a major role in cell adhesion, growth, migration, and differentiation, and it is important for processes such as wound healing and embryonic development. (wikipedia.org)
Junctional adhesion molecule 3 (JAM3) is involved in epithelial cell junction, cell polarity, and motility. (bioone.org)
The apical junctional complex comprises tight junctions, adhesion junctions, and desmosomes, which seal adjacent cells, regulate paracellular transportation, and maintain intestinal barrier function, acting as a dynamic mechanical barrier [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Integrins are cell adhesion molecules that mediate cell-extracellular matrix and cell-cell interactions. (embl.de)
We also discuss recent findings showing that the loss of apicobasal polarity increases leukocyte adhesion to epithelial cells and the consequences that this could have for the inflammatory response towards damaged, infected or transformed epithelial cells. (hindawi.com)
On the other hand, these barriers contain damaged or infected cells that are part of the inflammatory focus and the endpoint of the leukocyte migratory journey, so some sort of footprint, which is not completely understood, must exist in these cells to promote a preferential adhesion with infiltrated leukocytes. (hindawi.com)
First, we characterized the cell surface receptors for matrix proteins on stem cells and identified specific proteins that will support adhesion and growth of the cells. (ca.gov)
Second, using an interdisciplinary approach, we developed a novel method to screen peptides from these proteins for their ability to support adhesion and proliferation of the stem cells. (ca.gov)
Based on our characterization of cell surface receptors for matrix proteins on stem cells completed in the first year, we went on to test specific, purified proteins that will support adhesion and growth of the cells. (ca.gov)
Second, using an interdisciplinary approach, we developed novel hydrogels using click chemistry that support adhesion and proliferation of the stem cells. (ca.gov)
Its interaction with DPP4 regulates lymphocyte-epithelial cell adhesion (PubMed:11772392). (qedbio.com)
CTGF stimulates the proliferation and differentiation of chondrocytes, induces angiogenesis, promotes cell adhesion of fibroblasts, endothelial and epithelial cells, and binds to IGF, TGF-β1 and BMP-4. (peprotech.com)
Cell migration and adhesion are signaled through binding to specific cell surface integrins and to heparin sulfate proteoglycans. (peprotech.com)
CTGF (98 a.a.), a lower molecular weight isoform containing the C-terminal portion of the full length CTGF protein, exerts full heparin binding, cell adhesion, and mitogenic CTGF activity. (peprotech.com)
Little is known about molecular mecha- desmosomal glycoproteins, resulting in the nisms affecting mast cell and T lympho- loss of keratinocyte cell-cell adhesion [ 1 ]. (who.int)

bcl-2 an anti-apoptotic protein, prolongs the life span of epithelial cells and allows proliferation, differentiation and morphogenesis. (uwi.edu)
The WT1 protein mediates the mesenchymal-epithelial transition and differentiation during morphogenesis of the kidney and gonad by repressing genes that encode cell proliferation factors and by activating genes that encode markers of epithelial cell differentiation. (medscape.com)
The mechanisms of action of natural vitamin A metabolites on human skin are based on the time- and dose-dependent influence of morphogenesis, epithelial cell proliferation and differentiation, epithelial and mesenchymal synthetic performance, immune modulation, stimulation of angiogenesis and inhibition of carcinogenesis. (nih.gov)

We also show that Col4a1 and Col4a2 mutants displayed disrupted myofibroblast proliferation, differentiation and migration. (biomedcentral.com)
Lastly, we revealed that addition of type IV collagen protein induced myofibroblast proliferation and migration in monolayer culture and increased the formation of mesenchymal-epithelial septal-like structures in co-culture. (biomedcentral.com)
In addition to its role in the formation of epithelium and vasculature, type IV collagen appears to be key for alveolar myofibroblast development by inducing their proliferation, differentiation and migration throughout the developing septum. (biomedcentral.com)
Gastrin and its derivates have been reported to regulate epithelial cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation. (tum.de)
We show that loss of Erk1/2 in intestinal epithelial cells results in defects in nutrient absorption, epithelial cell migration, and secretory cell differentiation," the authors wrote. (genengnews.com)
In addition, overexpression of ZYX in hepatoma cell lines (PLC/PRF/5, HCCLM3) enhanced their proliferation, migration and invasion, whereas ZYX knockdown had the opposite effects (SK HEP-1, Huh-7). (techscience.com)
So far, most of the in vivo and in vitro approaches to study leukocyte migration across the tissue parenchyma have addressed the role of each single tissue barrier that immune cells encounter in their journey to the inflammatory focus. (hindawi.com)
We believe that successfully combining our current knowledge about leukocyte extravasation, three-dimensional migration through the stroma and the sequential interactions with parenchymal cell barriers, which include adopting unified experimental models, will help shed light on the entire migratory route of each immune cell type and on the specificity of the innate inflammatory responses in each type of tissue. (hindawi.com)
Endothelial and epithelial barriers determine the different stages of leukocyte migration in its journey towards the inflammatory focus in complex tissues. (hindawi.com)
Signaling through CysLT1R results in increased proliferation, survival and migration of intestinal epithelial cells, whereas signaling through CysLT2R leads to differentiation of colorectal cancer cells. (lu.se)

Transcriptome analysis showed that SL and GOS both induced pathways that regulate cell cycle control. (monash.edu)
Recently, genetic analyses in Drosophila have revealed various genes that regulate the competitive behavior of cells. (fsu.edu)
The altered protein cannot regulate cell proliferation effectively and allows DNA damage to accumulate in cells. (medlineplus.gov)

It is secreted by various cells, primarily fibroblasts, as a soluble protein dimer and is then assembled into an insoluble matrix in a complex cell-mediated process. (wikipedia.org)
The collagen content of the BTC and cellular proliferation of fibroblasts were assessed using colorimetric assays. (researchgate.net)
Results: No significant effect on cellular proliferation was noted with the addition of AMA to fibroblasts in culture (p = 0.7). (researchgate.net)
Using real-time, quantitative PCR, laser capture microdissection, and immunohistochemistry, distinctive patterns of expression of the hedgehog pathway members patched 1 (PTCH1), smoothened, GLI1, GLI2 and the 3 hedgehog ligands were identified for epithelial cells and stromal fibroblasts in benign breast and breast cancer. (rti.org)
However, cyclopamine reduced viability of cancer epithelial cell lines, including MDA-MB-435, but did not specifically affect fibroblasts or epithelial cells from benign breast, including MCF10AT. (rti.org)
In the liver, this regulation requires the constant integration of signals by epithelial cells from non-epithelial, niche cells, which includes inflammatory cells and fibroblasts. (ed.ac.uk)
Studies have shown that periodontitis is associated with altered expression of inflammatory mediators in gingival fibroblasts and periodontal membrane cells ( 3 , 4 ). (spandidos-publications.com)

Stimulation of hedgehog signaling induces carcinogenesis or promotes cell survival in cancers of multiple organs. (rti.org)
A series of caspases proteins have been shown to be activated by the death induced signal complex [a form of death ligand that binds to the corresponding death receptor on the cell surface ( 13 )], which in turn induces apoptosis. (spandidos-publications.com)
Loss of Mahj function induces cell competition in Drosophila wing disc epithelium. (fsu.edu)

However, the effects of NAC on LPS‑induced apoptosis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and the associated mechanisms are not well characterized. (spandidos-publications.com)
However, few studies have investigated LPS-induced apoptosis of vascular endothelial cells. (spandidos-publications.com)
Furthermore, periodontitis has been shown to be associated with systemic cardiovascular disease ( 5 - 7 ), which suggests its close association with vascular endothelial cells. (spandidos-publications.com)
The apoptosis of endothelial cells is a key event that may impair the integrity of the vessel wall and lead to the formation of atherosclerotic plaques ( 9 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
K. Kokame, H. Kato and T. Miyata, "Homocysteine-Respondent Genes in Vascular Endothelial Cells Identified by Differential Display Analysis. (scirp.org)
On the one hand, similar to endothelial cells, parenchymal epithelia must guide leukocytes to traverse them in order to reach a localized inflammatory focus, for example, in the lung or intestinal mucosa. (hindawi.com)
The virus localizes in epithelial and endothelial cells at many sites as well as within macrophages and reticuloendothelial cells. (iastate.edu)
CTGF is a member of the CCN family of secreted cysteine-rich regulatory proteins, and is the major mitogenic and chemoattractant protein produced by umbilical vein and vascular endothelial cells. (peprotech.com)

In mice, intestinal-specific Pcdh20 knockout causes defects in enterocyte proliferation and differentiation, while causing morphological abnormalities. (biomedcentral.com)
By administering a selective ATF6 activator, the impairment of intestinal barrier integrity and dysregulation of CHOP/β-catenin/p-p120-catenin pathway was reversed in Pcdh20 -ablated mice with colitis and PCDH20 -deficient colonic cell lines. (biomedcentral.com)
PCDH20 is an essential factor in maintaining intestinal epithelial homeostasis and barrier integrity. (biomedcentral.com)
Intestinal-specific deletion of Pcdh20 damages epithelial cell proliferation and differentiation and causes morphological changes, including shortened crypts and microvilli. (biomedcentral.com)
Immunofluorescent staining of intestinal epithelium tissue shows cell growth (green). (genengnews.com)
However, intestinal epithelial cell proliferation is not impeded, implying compensatory mechanisms. (genengnews.com)
Furthermore, targeting both pathways causes a more effective suppression of cell proliferation in murine intestinal organoids and human CRC lines. (genengnews.com)
The findings from this study were published recently in Nature Communications in an article entitled "ERK5 Signalling Rescues Intestinal Epithelial Turnover and Tumour Cell Proliferation upon ERK1/2 Abrogation. (genengnews.com)
Many subsets of CD4 + T cells have been identified as players in perpetuating chronic intestinal inflammation. (frontiersin.org)
Given the importance of CD4 + Th cells in the disease process, this review will focus on how Th cells differentiate in the inflamed intestinal tract during IBD and how the Th lineage-specific cytokines and transcription factors (TFs) contribute to disease. (frontiersin.org)
In IBD, however, Th1 cells accumulate in the intestinal tract of individuals with CD and are directly associated with disease. (frontiersin.org)
Wang Z, Qu YJ, Cui M. Modulation of stem cell fate in intestinal homeostasis, injury and repair. (wjgnet.com)
These Lgr5+ intestinal stem cells reside at the bottom of the crypts and are wedged between Paneth cells, which protect and nurture stem cells. (wjgnet.com)
The signaling network in the niche establishes the baseline for self-renewal, fate determination, proliferation, and differentiation of intestinal stem cells. (wjgnet.com)

JAM3 knockdown additionally inhibited trophoblast proliferation and increased the number of trophoblasts in the sub-G1 and G2/M phases, indicating cell-cycle disturbance and apoptosis. (bioone.org)
The results of CCK‑8 and flow cytometric analyses showed that pretreatment of HUVECs with NAC or p38MAPK inhibitor (SB203580) attenuated LPS‑induced decrease in cell viability and increase in cell apoptosis. (spandidos-publications.com)
Apoptosis refers to the self-regulated and orderly death of cells controlled by genes in order to maintain the stability of internal environment ( 8 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
The death receptor pathway plays an important role in cell apoptosis ( 12 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Propidium iodide staining and flow cytometry analysis of Annexin V binding was utilized to measure the progression of the cell cycle and the induction of apoptosis. (techscience.com)
Abstract Fos-related antigen 1 (Fra-1) is a nuclear transcription factor that regulates cell growth, differentiation, and apoptosis. (techscience.com)
It is involved in the proliferation, invasion, apoptosis and epithelial mesenchymal transformation of malignant tumor cells. (techscience.com)
Fra-1 is highly expressed in gastric cancer (GC), affects the cycle distribution and apoptosis of GC cells, and participates in GC occurrence and development. (techscience.com)
Twenty-nine of these genes were significantly regulated in UC-in-remission subjects compared with non-IBD controls, including a large number of epithelial cell-expressed genes such as REG4, S100P, SERPINB5, SLC16A1, DEFB1, AQP3 and AQP8, which modulate epithelial cell growth, sensitivity to apoptosis and immune function. (bmj.com)
Among the genes that remain deregulated during remission, we identify several that are expressed by epithelial cells and are involved in epithelial cell proliferation, resistance to apoptosis and response to stress. (bmj.com)
p53 participates in relevant aspects of cell biology, including apoptosis and cell cycle control and must be strictly regulated to maintain normal tissue homeostasis. (molvis.org)
In the mosaic Drosophila wing imaginal discs, mahj-/- or lgl-/- cells adjacent to wild-type cells undergo apoptosis, whereas mahj-/- or lgl-/- cells that are not adjacent to wild-type cells do not. (fsu.edu)
The nonautonomous apoptosis in these mutant cells is suppressed by inhibition of the JNK pathway. (fsu.edu)
Furthermore, overexpression of Mahj in lgl-/- mutant cells suppresses JNK activation and blocks apoptosis of lgl-/- mutant cells in the wild-type wing-disc epithelium. (fsu.edu)
G) Quantification of apoptotic cells in the mahj1 mosaic wing discs showing non-cell-autonomous apoptosis in mahj−/− cells. (fsu.edu)
When DNA becomes damaged, p53 helps determine whether the DNA will be repaired or the cell will self-destruct ( undergo apoptosis ). (medlineplus.gov)

Evaluation of the efficacy of proposed agents in an in vitro model is convenient and allows assessment of the mechanical properties of the bone-tendon interface as well as the effect on fibroblast proliferation and collagen content of the tissue. (researchgate.net)
Neuregulin1α, which drives mucus cell differentiation in vitro, was expressed in normal airway submucosal glands and in lungs from patients with IPF. (bmj.com)
A defined synthetic mixture of amino acids, salts, carbohydrates, vitamins and serum was shown to support cells in vitro[ 3 ], thus unifying a major variable in cell culturing experiments and providing a possibility for rapid development of this novel method. (intechopen.com)
The effect of GOS and SL on epithelial barrier functioning and microbiota composition was investigated using in vitro models. (monash.edu)
SL and GOS also promoted re-epithelialization in an in vitro epithelial wound repair assay. (monash.edu)
We show that single epithelial stem cells in vitro can give rise to differentiated organoids containing ciliated and secretory cells. (nature.com)
The presence of 'stem cell-like' cells has previously been postulated based on sphere-forming capacity and differentiation in vitro 1 and evidence for the presence of label-retaining cells in the distal fallopian tube 2 . (nature.com)
Here we demonstrate the existence of adult stem cells in the human fallopian tube epithelium, which gives rise to a monolayer of differentiated epithelial cells in a complex 3D organoid in vitro . (nature.com)
Their self-renewing potential was investigated by colony forming cells assays and in vitro organotypic culture models. (who.int)

Using mouse models, we discovered that mutations in murine Col4a1 and Col4a2 genes affected the balance between lung epithelial progenitors and differentiated cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Mutations in the epithelial cadherin (E-cadherin) gene have been shown to be associated with the occurrence of diffuse gastric carcinomas in affected families. (tum.de)
Point mutations in the WT1 gene result in loss of its regulatory function, with the consequent abnormalities in glomerular formation and gonadal differentiation seen in Denys-Drash syndrome. (medscape.com)
Mutations that disrupt the second alternative splicing site of the WT1 gene alter the normal ratio of KTS-positive/negative isoforms from 2:1 to 1:2 and result in abnormalities in glomerular formation and gonadal differentiation seen in Frasier syndrome. (medscape.com)
Mutations in these proteins may alter the function of renal cilia, which enable tubular cells to sense flow rates. (msdmanuals.com)
Cancers occur when genetic mutations build up in critical genes, specifically those that control cell growth and division (proliferation) or the repair of damaged DNA. (medlineplus.gov)
Somatic mutations in many different genes have been found in lung cancer cells. (medlineplus.gov)
In rare cases, the genetic change is inherited and is present in all the body's cells (germline mutations). (medlineplus.gov)

Objectives Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) regulates vascular endothelial cell differentiation and angiogenesis, and maturation of epithelial cells of the developing lungs. (bmj.com)

OBJECTIVE: In this study we investigated the histopathological and molecular findings in the gastrointestinal wall of a patient with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 with malignant duodenal gastrinoma and multiple gastric ECL cell tumors, who additionally developed a signet-ring cell carcinoma of the stomach. (tum.de)
Given the strong link between the regulation of some of these genes and the growth and dissemination of gastrointestinal cancers, we believe their aberrant expression in UC may provide a mechanism for epithelial hyper-proliferation and, in the context of malignant transformation, for tumour growth. (bmj.com)
1,25(OH) (2)D (3) is not only essential for mineral homeostasis and bone integrity, but also for numerous further physiologic functions including regulation of growth and differentiation in a broad variety of normal and malignant tissues, including cells derived from prostate, breast and bone. (nih.gov)
Malignant proliferation showing large monomorphic cells with some epithelioid (A1E/AE3) or angiocentric aspects without clear vascular differentiation. (medscape.com)
By definition, pseudomesotheliomatous carcinoma refers to an epithelial neoplasm that secondarily involves the pleura and encases the lung, thereby simulating the radiologic and macroscopic appearance of malignant mesothelioma. (medscape.com)

Negative expression of GUCY2C protein in HCT 116 cells is consistent with published observations. (cellsignal.com)
Immunoprecipitation of GUCY2C protein from T84 cell extracts. (cellsignal.com)
This kinase is a catalytic subunit of the protein kinase complex that is important for cell cycle G1 phase progression and G1/S transition. (cancerindex.org)
Estrogens are important regulators of growth and differentiation in (range, 0 -9 fmol/mg protein, median 0.7). (lu.se)
The TP53 gene provides instructions for making a protein, called p53, that is located in the nucleus of cells throughout the body, where it attaches (binds) directly to DNA. (medlineplus.gov)
The protein regulates cell growth and division by monitoring DNA damage. (medlineplus.gov)
The EGFR and KRAS genes each provide instructions for making a protein that is embedded within the cell membrane. (medlineplus.gov)

In this work, pathways governing mucus cell differentiation were investigated in lung tissues from patients with IPF and other chronic pulmonary disorders. (bmj.com)
The scope of the special issue is to summarize and enlarge the knowledge in signalling processes and networks in diverse cells and tissues. (mdpi.com)
Here, we reported that mammalian target of rapamycin complex 2 (mTORC2) kinase is overexpressed in pancreatic cancer tissues and promotes pancreatic cancer cell growth and invasion. (techscience.com)
Polarized epithelial cells compartmentalize tissue cavities and are often exposed to inflammatory challenges such as toxics or infections in non-lymphoid tissues. (hindawi.com)
Vitamin A and its two important metabolites, retinaldehyde and retinoic acids, are fat-soluble unsaturated isoprenoids necessary for growth, differentiation and maintenance of epithelial tissues, and also for reproduction. (nih.gov)
Tissues and Cells. (lu.se)

The hedgehog pathway regulates epithelial-mesenchymal interactions, differentiation, proliferation and survival during development. (rti.org)
Hedgehog-mediated transcription, as indicated by a reporter of GLI-dependent promoter activity and by expression of GLI1 transcripts, was reduced by the hedgehog pathway inhibitor cyclopamine in both MDA-MB-435 cancer epithelial cells and MCF10AT epithelial cells, a cell line derived from benign breast. (rti.org)
In a normal mouse model (left), cell growth is controlled, but in a mouse model with the ERK1/2 pathway blocked (right) increased cell proliferation and loss of organization occurred. (genengnews.com)
The UCSD team found that an alternative pathway immediately emerges when ERK1/2 is halted, thus allowing tumor cell proliferation to continue. (genengnews.com)
Since we were genetically deleting the ERK1/2 pathway, we expected to see less cell proliferation," explained co-lead study author Petrus R. de Jong, M.D., Ph.D., translational scientist at Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute. (genengnews.com)
The exciting part of this new study is investigators found that treating both ERK1/2 and the compensatory pathway ERK5 concomitantly with a combination of drug inhibitors halted CRC growth more effectively in both mouse models and human CRC cell lines. (genengnews.com)
The ERK pathway plays a critical role in embryonic development and tissue repair because it instructs cells to multiply and start dividing, but when overactivated cancer growth often occurs. (genengnews.com)
Therapies aimed at targeting ERK1/2 likely fail because this mechanism is allowing proliferation through a different pathway," noted senior study author Eyal Raz, M.D., professor of medicine at UC San Diego School of Medicine. (genengnews.com)
This is an underappreciated escape pathway for tumor cells. (genengnews.com)
If you block one pathway, cancer cells usually mutate and find another pathway that ultimately allows for a recurrence of cancer growth," remarked co-lead study author Koji Taniguchi, M.D., Ph.D., senior researcher at the Keio University School of Medicine in Tokyo. (genengnews.com)
These results revealed that NDRG1 is functional in prostate cancer cells and able to induce expression of differentiation factors through p53 independent pathway. (scirp.org)
However, the pathway downstream NDRG1, involving p21 and c8/18, regulating cell cycle progression and DNA synthesis is unfunctional. (scirp.org)
CTGF facilitates cell-cell communication in chondrocytes via PI3K/Akt signalling pathway. (peprotech.com)
Our data reveal a significant overlap between Notch-dependent genes in the fallopian epithelium and the defined 'stem cell signature' of the mouse intestine, suggesting the existence of a conserved pathway that regulates tissue renewal and directly controls cell fate specification and differentiation in the organoid by inhibiting cilliogenesis. (nature.com)
Vasopressin promotes cell growth and fluid secretion via the cyclic AMP pathway, which leads to increase in the size and number of cysts in polycystic kidney disease. (msdmanuals.com)

Methods Pathways governing airway mucus cell differentiation include SRY (sex determining region Y)-box 2 (SOX2), Notch, forkhead box A3(FOXA3)/SAM pointed domain containing ETS transcription factor (SPDEF), epidermal growth factor (EGF) and the EGF-related neuregulins NRG1α and NRG1β. (bmj.com)
Through the study of temporal and spatial regulation of important genes and pathways in our model systems, we will develop a more comprehensive picture of the molecular mechanisms orchestrating egg development and gain a deeper understanding of how basic cellular functions such as proliferation, differentiation, and growth are regulated in development. (fsu.edu)
When these proteins are turned on (activated) by binding to other molecules, signaling pathways are triggered within cells that promote cell proliferation. (medlineplus.gov)

These antibodies are used as fluorescent markers to distinguish subsets of mouse thymic epithelial cells in genetic studies of the thymus . (wikipedia.org)
Therefore, we hypothesized that CRC cancer stem cell markers (CRCSC) will identify a group of patients at high risk for progression. (jcancer.org)
This resulted in over-expression of NDRG1, which in turn markedly up regulated two differentiation markers of the prostate tissue, p21 and cytokeratin 8/18. (scirp.org)
DESIGN: Proliferation, mitosis and the expression of progenitor lineage markers were assessed in normal squamous oesophagus from 10 patients by immunofluorescence on 3D epithelial whole mounts. (who.int)
Cells expressing differential levels of epithelial and progenitor markers were isolated using flow cytometry sorting and characterised by qPCR and IF. (who.int)
CD133+), but are rarely codetected with the neural stem dents, very few human-specific NSC markers have been cell (NSC) marker CD15. (lu.se)
2000). In *Correspondence to: Perrine Barraud, Department of Veterinary Medi- contrast, several cell surface markers have been used to cine, Neurosciences, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 OES, United enrich for NSCs in the rodent CNS. (lu.se)

Total and conditional knock out of PPARγ in hair follicle bulge stem cells showed similar result where scarring alopecia was observed in mice with the loss of pilosebaceous units and inflammatory cells infiltration 18 , 19 . (nature.com)
Cancer stem cells are thought to be responsible for tumor initiation, dissemination and treatment failure. (jcancer.org)
Our research uncovered at least four distinct transcriptional states in the epidermal basal layer as part of a 'hierarchical-lineage' model of the epidermal homeostasis, or stable state of the skin, clarifying a long-term debate in the skin stem cell field," said Dai. (sciencedaily.com)
Epithelial tissue maintenance is driven by resident stem cells, the proliferation and differentiation dynamics of which need to be tailored to the tissue's homeostatic and regenerative needs. (sciencedaily.com)
Above the stem cell zone is the lineage-committed progenitor cells, also known as the transit amplifying zone, divided to fuel the rapid epithelial cell turnover. (wjgnet.com)
The Wnt and Notch signaling exhibit high activity in the stem cell niche. (wjgnet.com)
Besides, Paneth cells provide essential Notch signals to stem cells by expressing Notch ligands. (wjgnet.com)
Both exogenous (inflammation, chemoradiotherapy, and diet) and endogenous factors (mitochondrial dysfunction, extracellular matrix, and enteric nervous system) have vital effects on stem cell fate modulation. (wjgnet.com)
We proposed to develop novel, well-defined, synthetic extracellular matrices that support survival and proliferation of human embryonic stem cells. (ca.gov)
This is an important, unmet need in the field and development of such a substrate would aid in moving stem cell therapies to the clinic. (ca.gov)
Finally, we identified a cyclic RGD peptide that supports growth of human embryonic stem cells. (ca.gov)
There is a critical need for new technologies to facilitate growth and differentiation of human embryonic stem cells (hESC) using clinically acceptable, animal-free reagents. (ca.gov)
Among these is the isolation of the first line of murine stem cells [ 5 , 6 ] in 1981, followed by establishment of the first human embryonic stem cell lines by Thompson [ 7 ]. (intechopen.com)
Exosomes from tendon stem cells promote injury tendon healing through balancing synthesis and degradation of the tendon extracellular matrix. (peprotech.com)
Here we report on the establishment of long-term, stable 3D organoid cultures from human fallopian tubes, indicative of the presence of adult stem cells. (nature.com)
Microarray analysis reveals that inhibition of Notch signalling causes downregulation of stem cell-associated genes in parallel with decreased proliferation and increased numbers of ciliated cells and that organoids also respond to oestradiol and progesterone treatment in a physiological manner. (nature.com)
Furthermore, Notch is responsible for the regulation of known stem cell factor genes. (nature.com)
Cell Stem Cell. (cdc.gov)
Development: For advances in developmental biology and stem cells. (lu.se)
2005). Notch1 and syndecan-1 potent human embryonic stem (ES) cells. (lu.se)

During tissue homeostasis and regeneration epithelial cells must balance proliferation, cell death and differentiation to maintain a functional organ. (ed.ac.uk)
Where polyclonal antibodies are purified directly from the serum of the immunized host, and monoclonals are purified from either hybridoma-derived tissue culture supernatant or ascites, recombinant antibodies are instead purified from the tissue culture supernatants of transfected host cell lines. (cellsignal.com)
CONCLUSION: Our immunohistochemical studies might suggest that the gastrinoma-associated excessive progastrin tissue concentrations led to diminished expression of E-cadherin within the gastric mucosa and promoted tumor development of a signet-ring cell carcinoma. (tum.de)
However, our understanding of tissue-specific cellular dynamics in vivo at single-cell and tissue scales is often very limited. (sciencedaily.com)
CD4 + T cells are enriched in lesional tissue from patients with CD and UC and blockade or depletion of CD4 + T is effective in treating patients with IBD. (frontiersin.org)
During the inflammatory response, immune cells egress from the circulation and follow a chemotactic and haptotactic gradient within the tissue, interacting with matrix components in the stroma and with parenchymal cells, which guide them towards the sites of inflammation. (hindawi.com)
Particular attention has been paid to elucidating how leukocytes can migrate through the stroma, the way these cells remodel their morphology and sense cues that guide them towards dysfunctional tissue areas. (hindawi.com)
Compared to the endothelium, the molecular mechanisms involved in the interaction of infiltrated or tissue-resident immune cells with parenchymal barriers have not been so extensively studied. (hindawi.com)
Vitamins A and D are the first group of substances that have been reported to exhibit properties of skin hormones, such as organized metabolism, activation, inactivation, and elimination in specialized cells of the tissue, exertion of biological activity, and release in the circulation. (nih.gov)
Among these, the neoplastic tumor-suppressor genes (nTSGs) have been shown to fulfill two significant functions requisite for organ size control: first, establishing apicobasal cell polarity as a principle of epithelial tissue organization and appropriate timing of terminal differentiation and, second, exerting cell-proliferation control as a primary factor in tissue growth. (fsu.edu)
The epithelial-connective tissue interface was rather flat and devoid of rete ridges. (bvsalud.org)
The capsular tissue was made up of dense fibrous connective tissue with scanty chronic inflammatory cell infiltration. (bvsalud.org)
SFTs of the pleura are localized mesenchymal neoplasms composed of fibroblastlike cells believed to arise from the subpleural connective tissue. (medscape.com)

In cancer, these interactions become deregulated and epithelial cells can either be regulated independent of their microenvironment or the niche becomes permissive to tumour formation. (ed.ac.uk)
In the developing lung, the specific temporal-spatial interactions between mesenchymal and epithelial cells are carefully orchestrated to permit the gradual establishment of an effective blood-gas barrier (BGB) [ 1 , 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Leukocyte recruitment into the inflamed parenchyma requires successive interactions with cellular and stromal barriers that establish mechanical, chemotactic and haptotactic gradients to guide immune cells towards the inflammatory focus. (hindawi.com)
Polarized epithelial barriers establish two types of interactions. (hindawi.com)
CD117 by immunohistochemical methods sion molecules, involved in cell-cell and in order to clarify the role of the infiltrating cell matrix interactions and thought to take inflammatory cells in the pathomechanisms part in cell motility [ 2,3 ]. (who.int)
During the process of airway inflammation, complex interactions of innate and adaptive immune cells as well as structural cells and their cytokines have many important roles. (cdc.gov)

Cell viability was assessed using the Cell Counting Kit‑8 (CCK‑8) assay. (spandidos-publications.com)
Even though its sequence along with its expressional pattern in cancer cell lines are evident, the functional aspects concerning cell proliferation, viability, differentiation and cell cycle regulation of NDRG1 remains vague. (scirp.org)

These results demonstrate modulation of GLI-mediated transcription in both cancer and benign-derived epithelial cells by cyclopamine and sonic hedgehog, and further suggest that hedgehog signaling contributes to the survival of only the cancer epithelial cells. (rti.org)
Our approach is to first understand how hESC interact with extracellular matrix materials by analyzing candidate adhesive substrate proteins and integrin receptors that mediate attachment, survival, proliferation and differentiation. (ca.gov)

N-myc downstream regulated gene 1 (NDRG1), also known as differentiation related gene 1, was previously identified as an up - regulated gene upon cellular differentiation. (scirp.org)
Current knowledge of cellular behavior is mainly acquired by studies concerning homogenous populations of cells cultured as monolayers. (intechopen.com)
It is strongly recommended that when using a reagent for the first time, users compare the spillover on cells and BD CompBead to ensure that BD CompBeads are appropriate for your specific cellular application. (bdbiosciences.com)
It changes the permeability of the fungal cell membrane after binding to cell membrane sterols, causing cellular contents to leak. (medscape.com)

After cloning the antibody genes into an expression vector, this is then transfected into an appropriate host cell line for antibody expression. (cellsignal.com)
N. van Belzen, W. N. Dinjens, B. H. Eussen and F. T. Bosman, "Expression of Differentiation-Related Genes in Colorectal Cancer: Possible Implications for Prognosis," Histology and Histopathology, Vol. 13, No. 4, 1998, pp. 1233-1242. (scirp.org)

Here, we investigate its transformation potential using organoids from primary murine colon epithelial cells. (uni-muenchen.de)

Neuronal differentiation and cell-cycle programs mediate response to BET-bromodomain inhibition in MYC-driven medulloblastoma. (cancerindex.org)

The authors sought to identify mechanisms driving the differentiation of mucus cells during the bronchiolisation process. (bmj.com)
This simplified approach towards understanding the essence of the mechanisms, underlying the processes determining life and death of a cell has undoubtedly provided scientists with enormous amount of knowledge. (intechopen.com)
however, the molecular mechanisms of renewal and differentiation remain obscure in many cases, including the fallopian tube, a central organ of human reproduction. (nature.com)

and negative regulation of cell population proliferation. (nih.gov)
We demonstrate the concurrent up-regulation of PPARGC1a in the epithelial compartment and androgen receptor in the dermal papilla of miniaturized hair. (nature.com)
Das D, Tapryal N, Goswami S.K., Fox P.L, and Mukhopadhyay C.K. Regulation of Ceruloplasmin in human hepatic cells by redox active copper: Identification of a novel AP-1 site in ceruloplasmin gene. (jnu.ac.in)
In summary, the three major areas of research in my lab are independent yet connected-proper differentiation of follicle cells is key to the establishment of oocyte polarity, and cell competition involves intercellular communication and regulation of cell proliferation. (fsu.edu)

Our results show that SL and GOS can both modulate epithelial barrier function by inducing differentiation and epithelial wound repair, but differentially promote the growth of specific genera in the microbiota, which is associated with differential changes in SCFA profiles. (monash.edu)

This study evaluates the effect of A. montana leaves hexane extract on several signaling cascades and gene expression in metastatic breast cancer cells upon insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) stimulation. (techscience.com)
This gene-expression profile translated to a phenotype of halted proliferation and included the induction of alkaline phosphatase activity, a marker of epithelial cell differentiation. (monash.edu)

Indeed, a common feature of epithelial dysfunction is the loss of polarity. (hindawi.com)
A mutation in this gene resulting in reduced cell proliferation, and impaired cell motility and polarity, and has been identified in patients with primary microcephaly. (cancerindex.org)

The self-renewal capacity, the balance of proliferation and differentiation are tightly controlled in the process of epithelial repair and regeneration. (wjgnet.com)
Regeneration can occur in some simple glands by proliferation and differentiation of ductal cells. (iastate.edu)

At physiologic pH, salt dissociates to a cation that binds to bacterial cell walls. (medscape.com)

Conclusion Expression of SOX2 and MUC5B and lack of SPDEF in atypically differentiated cells of bronchiolised distal airspaces are consistent with abnormal programming of airway epithelial cells in IPF. (bmj.com)
Activation of abnormal respiratory epithelial differentiation programs may contribute to the expression of MUC5B and bronchiolisation of the distal lung, a salient feature of IPF. (bmj.com)
JAM3 expression in cell-cell junctions decreased with the formation of syncytiotrophoblasts. (bioone.org)
Furthermore, H 2 O 2 -induced oxidative stress reduced JAM3 expression in trophoblasts and cell culture supernatants. (bioone.org)
RESULTS: Immunohistochemical studies of gastric ECL cell tumors showed a largely diminished E-cadherin expression in comparison to gastric surface mucosa cells and a loss of E-cadherin expression in the cells of the signet-ring carcinoma. (tum.de)
Dynamic Ppargc1a expression in the mouse hair cycle suggests a possible role in regulating hair growth and differentiation. (nature.com)
In an anagen human hair follicle PPARγ expression is detected in the mesenchymal DP cells, epithelial cells of the outer root sheath (ORS), inner root sheath and matrix 16 . (nature.com)
In CaCo-2 colonic epithelial cells, the expression of this gene increases with cell differentiation. (aacrjournals.org)
STAT4 also signals activation of the TF T-bet, a lineage-defining factor for Th1 differentiation, which upregulates the IL-12 receptor, IFN-γ expression, and causes further expansion of Th1 cells (Figure 1 ) ( 12 ). (frontiersin.org)
Furthermore, human cDNA of NDRG1 from normal placenta was cloned into a eukaryotic expression vector and transfected into the three cancer cell lines. (scirp.org)
Unpredictably, cell cycle progression, cell proliferation and DNA synthesis were unaffected fol lowing NDRG1 expression. (scirp.org)
Enhances dendritic cell immunogenicity by affecting dendritic cell costimulatory molecule expression and cytokines and chemokines secretion (By similarity). (qedbio.com)
BT-474 cells, obtained expression of the receptor has important implications for their biology from American Type Culture Collection, were maintained in RPMI 1640 and therapy (1). (lu.se)
Cells which lack ER expression at diagnosis arise from an ER compart- were harvested at 60 - 80% confluency and used as a reference in all hybrid- ment within the mammary epithelium or represent evolution from an izations. (lu.se)

There was more cell growth and loss of organization within the cells. (genengnews.com)
Integrators of epidermal growth and differentiation: distinct functions for beta 1 and beta 4 integrins. (embl.de)
Retinoic acids are major oxidative metabolites of vitamin A and can substitute for it in vitamin A-deficient animals in growth promotion and epithelial differentiation. (nih.gov)
In keratinocytes and other cell types, 1,25(OH) (2)D (3) regulates growth and differentiation. (nih.gov)
Different reports have described the role of VEGF in lung cells proliferation, differentiation, growth and permeability. (bmj.com)
WNT, R-spondin, epidermal growth factor, and mammalian target of rapamycin are secreted by Paneth cells or mesenchymal cells. (wjgnet.com)
This surface proved to be efficient at supporting growth of undifferentiated hESC as well as differentiation of useful cell types. (ca.gov)
We propose to develop novel, well-defined, synthetic extracellular matrices for growth and differentiation of hESC. (ca.gov)
Continuous growth and differentiation of organoids depend on both Wnt and Notch paracrine signalling. (nature.com)
Clotrimazole is a broad-spectrum antifungal agent that inhibits yeast growth by altering cell membrane permeability, causing death of fungal cells. (medscape.com)
Complete media with and without growth factors (CMGF+ and CMGF-, respectively), differentiation media, and Wnt3a- R-spondin- and Noggin -conditioned media were prepared as reported previously ( 1,2 ). (cdc.gov)

It was shown to inhibit keratinocyte proliferation and promotes terminal differentiation 17 . (nature.com)

Organoids recovered from short-term infection with pks+ E. coli show characteristics of CRC cells, e.g., enhanced proliferation, Wnt-independence, and impaired differentiation. (uni-muenchen.de)
Figure 1: Single fallopian epithelial cells give rise to organoids that can be maintained long term. (nature.com)

Conditional systems for gene targeting have been developed for study of lung formation and function, as well as for identifying lung progenitor cells and their fates in the mouse. (cincinnatichildrens.org)
1983) and the multipotent progenitor cells from fetal disease (Bjorklund and Lindvall, 2000). (lu.se)

MTT assay was performed to determine the proliferation of cancer cells. (techscience.com)

Carcinogenic hypergastrinemia: signet-ring cell carcinoma in a patient with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 with Zollinger-Ellison's syndrome. (tum.de)
This immunophenotype excluded a carcinoma, a lymphoid, melanocytic, germ cell, or neuroglial proliferation, and the diagnosis of sellar and suprasellar epithelioid angiosarcoma was made. (medscape.com)
Non-small cell lung cancer is divided into three main subtypes: adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and large cell lung carcinoma. (medlineplus.gov)
Large cell carcinoma arises from epithelial cells that line the lungs. (medlineplus.gov)
Large cell carcinoma encompasses non-small cell lung cancers that do not appear to be adenocarcinomas or squamous cell carcinomas. (medlineplus.gov)

CSF-1 signaling through CSF-1R regulates the proliferation and differentiation of cells in the monocytic lineage. (thermofisher.com)
Immunohistochemically, the tumor demonstrated epithelial-myoepithelial dual lineage differentiation, which confirmed the diagnosis of metastatic ACC. (hindawi.com)

Results In IPF, the bronchiolised and enlarged distal airspaces stained for SOX2 are consistent with epithelial differentiation characteristic of conducting airway epithelium. (bmj.com)
Abnormal differentiation of the respiratory epithelium is a feature of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). (bmj.com)
Accordingly, immunohistochemistry with specific antibodies shows that HMGCS2 is expressed mainly in differentiated cells of human colonic epithelium. (aacrjournals.org)
It is lined by simple columnar epithelium containing secretory and ciliated cells, which produce tubular fluid and facilitate transport of gametes, respectively. (nature.com)

The study, titled, "Defining epidermal basal cell states during skin homeostasis and wound healing using single-cell transcriptomics," was published this week in Cell Reports . (sciencedaily.com)

He did his Ph.D. in Biochemistry at All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, working on reproductive immunology, with the focus on trophoblast invasion and differentiation and their role in human blastocyst implantation. (stanford.edu)

The lung is a complex, precisely structured organ in which the vascular network is intimately associated with epithelial-lined tubes and sacs for the prime purpose of gas exchange. (biomedcentral.com)
Lung cancer is a disease in which certain cells in the lungs become abnormal and multiply uncontrollably to form a tumor . (medlineplus.gov)
Lung cancer is generally divided into two types, small cell lung cancer and non-small cell lung cancer, based on the size of the affected cells when viewed under a microscope. (medlineplus.gov)
Non-small cell lung cancer accounts for 85 percent of lung cancer, while small cell lung cancer accounts for the remaining 15 percent. (medlineplus.gov)
In nearly all cases of lung cancer, these genetic changes are acquired during a person's lifetime and are present only in certain cells in the lung. (medlineplus.gov)

Finally, a number of biologics that target CD4 + T cell differentiation into inflammatory subsets or their byproducts (i.e., cytokines) have shown efficacy in treating patients with IBD ( 5 - 7 ). (frontiersin.org)

The stage-specific embryonic antigen 4 (SSEA4) is com- isolate the NSCs from neonatal mice and rats (Campos monly used as a cell surface marker to identify the pluri- et al. (lu.se)

At higher magnification, the tumor cells showed minimal cytological atypia, scant cytoplasm, fine chromatin, small inconspicuous nucleoli, and rare mitotic figures (Figure 2 ). (hindawi.com)
The tumor cells were round to oval with fine chromatin, small inconspicuous nucleoli, indistinct cell borders, and light nongranular cytoplasm. (hindawi.com)
Histologic examination revealed a hypercellular tumoral proliferation formed by large atypical monomorphic cells with large vesicular nuclei, prominent nucleoli, and abundant light eosinophilic cytoplasm. (medscape.com)

For example, mouse thymic epithelial cells react with antibodies for keratin 5, keratin 8, and keratin 14. (wikipedia.org)
Traditional polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies are the product of normal B cell development and genetic recombination. (cellsignal.com)
While polyclonal antibodies are secreted by many different B cell clones and recognize multiple antigenic epitopes, monoclonals originate from a single B cell clone and are specific for just one epitope. (cellsignal.com)
In these studies, CD4 + T cell-depleting and blocking antibodies caused remission from disease in a number of CD and UC patients examined, suggesting a prominent role of CD4 + T cells in propagating disease ( 1 , 2 ). (frontiersin.org)
When fluorochrome conjugated antibodies are bound to BD CompBeads, they have spectral properties very similar to cells. (bdbiosciences.com)

CONTEXT: Gastric neuroendocrine tumors are rare neoplasms that originate from gastric enterochromaffin-like (ECL) cells in the oxyntic mucosa. (tum.de)
Mature epithelial cells originate from the crypt and move up toward the villus tip. (wjgnet.com)

These cells primarily produce interferon (IFN)-γ and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) that, respectively, activate macrophages and direct cytotoxic CD8 + T cell responses, that in turn promote elimination of intracellular pathogens such as viruses and bacteria ( 8 ). (frontiersin.org)
Interleukin (IL)-12 and IL-23, cytokines induced during early stages of IBD, play important roles in differentiation of interferon (IFN)-γ/tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-producing Th1 cells as well as IL-17-producing Th17 cells. (frontiersin.org)
Interleukin (IL)-9-producing subset called Th9 cell, Th22 cells which primarily secrete IL-22, IL-13 and tumor necrosis factor- and Th25 cells via producing IL-25 are believed to be important for initiating allergic reactions and developing airway inflammation. (cdc.gov)

Using single-cell RNA sequencing coupled with RNAScope and fluorescence lifetime imaging, the team identified three non-proliferative and one proliferative basal cell state in homeostatic skin that differ in metabolic preference and become spatially partitioned during wound re-epithelialization, which is the process by which the skin and mucous membranes replace superficial epithelial cells damaged or lost in a wound. (sciencedaily.com)

Inflammatory bowel disease is a complex set of diseases that includes Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), each with multiple bacterial, immune, and non-immune cell types contributing to inflammation. (frontiersin.org)

Anatomy56

Organisms11

Diseases14

Chemicals and Drugs91

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment37

Phenomena and Processes49

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science3

Adhesion15

Morphogenesis3

Migration10

Regulate3

Fibroblasts7

Induces3

Endothelial cells8

Intestinal14

Apoptosis16

Vitro9

Mutations8

Angiogenesis1

Malignant5

Protein7

Tissues6

Pathway15

Pathways3

Markers7

Stem20

Tissue13

Interactions6

Viability2

Survival2

Cellular4

Genes2

Murine1

Mediate1

Mechanisms3

Regulation4

Modulate1

Gene expression2

Polarity2

Regeneration2

Binds1

Expression14

Growth11

Promotes1

Organoids2

Progenitor cells2

Assay1

Carcinoma5

Lineage2

Epithelium4

Homeostasis1

Trophoblast1

Lung5

Subsets1

Embryonic1

Cytoplasm3

Antibodies5

Originate2

Tumor necros3

Wound1

Inflammation1