Epigenome diseases in twins. Medical search. Frequent questions

Autoimmune diseases, the outbreak and/or course of which can be visible in the individual genome of the organism, include multiple sclerosis, diabetes type I, rheumatoid arthritis and Crohn's disease. (wikipedia.org)
Mattias Höglund and his staff have drawn up a classification system for bladder cancer based on information on genetic mutations and changes in gene expression in both the genome and the epigenome. (lu.se)
Four independent Center-Initiated Projects (CIPs) have been proposed, encompassing studies ranging from basic stem cell biology and differentiation, to investigations of disease mechanism and development of novel technologies for analysis of genome function. (ca.gov)
The current study investigated the role of dynamic methylation acting together with gene variants in an individual over time to gain insight into the evolving epigenome-genome interplay that affects biochemical pathways controlling physiological processes during aging. (fortuneonline.org)
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified a multitude of genetic variants associated with complex traits including common diseases. (ucl.ac.uk)
While the outcomes to date are promising, studies are ongoing, and the next decade promises to be a time of productive research into the complex interactions between the genome, epigenome, and environment as they relate to metabolic disease. (wellnessdoctorrx.com)
These papers together use different approaches that point to a converging picture of Alzheimer's disease where the affected neurons have defects in their 3D genome, and that is causal to a lot of the disease phenotypes we see. (scitechdaily.com)
IARC researchers have shared genetic data from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and epigenomic data from epigenome-wide association studies (EWAS) from all of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study cohorts in Italy with researchers in Turin, who are using these data to investigate potential genetic susceptibility to infection with the COVID-19 virus and progression of the disease. (who.int)

It is now widely accepted that fatty liver disease is a heterogeneous trait shaped by the dynamic and complex interactions that occur between genetics, epigenetics and environmental factors, in addition to being impacted by both biological and chronological age, which determine the entire course of the disease. (xiahepublishing.com)
One way to illustrate the meaning of epigenetics is with identical twins. (askthescientists.com)
My colleagues and I have been interested in the role of epigenetics and human disease for decades," said Feinberg. (whatisepigenetics.com)
His research focus lies mainly in cancer, but he has also investigated the epigenetic basis of topics such as autoimmune disease, neuropsychiatric illness, and obesity ever since his lab branched into disease epigenetics more generally, about 15 years ago. (whatisepigenetics.com)
As our understanding of cancer and other diseases unfurls, Feinberg also indicates the importance of acknowledging the interplay between genetics and epigenetics, as their interaction together can provide valuable insight. (whatisepigenetics.com)
I think that purely genetic studies of common disease that ignore epigenetics are limited in their power, but also purely epigenetic studies that ignore genetics are also incomplete. (whatisepigenetics.com)
Visit this website on genetics for an engaging video primer on the epigenetics of twin studies. (coursehero.com)
Identical twins are the perfect example of epigenetics. (coursehero.com)

This project involved the development of eFORGE and eFORGE2 , computational tools for the analysis and interpretation of DNA methylation data from Epigenome-Wide Association Studies (EWAS). (ucl.ac.uk)
Among our main contributions to BLUEPRINT were an epigenome-wide association study (EWAS) in Type 1 Diabetes and an epigentic variability study in immune cells . (ucl.ac.uk)
This project aimed to integrate GWAS with epigenome-wide association studies (EWAS) to gain a more complete picture of the aetiology of common diseases, including T1D, T2D and UC. (ucl.ac.uk)
More recently, advances in epigenetic methodologies and the reduced cost of epigenome-wide association studies (EWAS) have led to a rapid expansion of studies in human populations. (wellnessdoctorrx.com)
The aim of this review is to summarize the most recent developments in this rapidly moving field, with a particular focus on human EWAS and studies investigating the impact of nutritional and lifestyle factors (both pre- and postnatal) on the epigenome and their relationship to metabolic health outcomes. (wellnessdoctorrx.com)
Recent advances and increased affordability of high- throughput technologies now allow for large-scale epigenome wide association studies (EWAS) and integration of different layers of genomic information to explore the complex interactions between the genotype, epigenome, transcriptome, and the environment [6-9]. (wellnessdoctorrx.com)
To the best of our knowledge, only three previous epigenome-wide association studies (EWAS) of cognitive abilities in population-based samples have been conducted. (biomedcentral.com)

With greater knowledge of the role of our genes in health and disease, some deterministic ideas have taken root among the public. (lu.se)
Reversible epigenetic changes within the loci of genes that regulate critical cell processes have recently emerged as important biomarkers of disease pathology. (fortuneonline.org)
We found 5258 disease-relevant genes that had been differentially methylated in this individual over 12 years. (fortuneonline.org)
Another study that compared a pair of twins with discordant HIV infection status showed that several other genes are also differentially methylated, including insulin-like growth factor binding protein 6 ( IGFBP6 ) [ 19 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
In an attempt to reverse their progeny ' s fate, the researchers fed a female mouse a healthy diet with produce that would prevent genes that cause disease from switching on. (sfh.com)
This is due to individual variations in diet, lifestyle, environment, disease state, and other factors that influence the way their cells read the genes. (askthescientists.com)
2018) Genetic regulation of disease risk and endometrial gene expression highlights potential target genes for endometriosis and polycystic ovarian syndrome. (allanmcrae.com)
Several of the identified genes, for example, RYR1 , ALLC , PTPRN2 , LRRC3B , PAX2 and VTRNA2-1 , are genes previously linked to either pesticide exposure or lung-related diseases. (bmj.com)
Some of those inactive genes could cause disease. (curtisnutrition.com)
In addition, studies with identical twins have suggested that genes are not the source of most chronic illnesses. (curtisnutrition.com)
This inversion directly disrupted two genes, CPNE9 and BRPF1, the latter of which attracted our attention because pathogenic BRPF1 variants have been identified in autosomal dominant intellectual developmental disorder with dysmorphic facies and ptosis (IDDDFP), which later turned out to be clinically found in the twins. (pacb.com)
In other words, environmental factors can alter the way our genes are expressed, making even identical twins look dramatically different. (medleafrx.com)
Every biological response, disease or otherwise, originates directly or indirectly from the genes within our cells. (medleafrx.com)
By binding what is called the epigenome-the combination of the DNA wrapped around the histone protein-we regulate the action of our genes. (medleafrx.com)
Thousands of genes are directly associated with some disease or other condition. (medleafrx.com)
Researchers are discovering more connections between genes and disease. (medleafrx.com)
According to these reports, there are more genes or hereditary units responsible for breast cancer, colon cancer, liver cancer, Alzheimer's disease, etc. (medleafrx.com)
Studies relating differential methylation with intermediate phenotypes and disease endpoints may be useful in identifying additional candidate genes and mechanisms involved in disease. (biomedcentral.com)
Thus, studies relating differential methylation with intermediate phenotypes and disease endpoints may be useful in identifying additional candidate genes and mechanisms involved in these diseases [ 22 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Retrospective studies of the survivors of famines, such as those exposed to the Dutch Hunger Winter of 1944-45, have linked exposures around conception to later disease outcomes, some of which correlate with DNA methylation changes at certain genes. (frontiersin.org)

In this study, we focus on DNA methylation study and use twins discordant for BMI to control the genetic factors. (sdu.dk)
Gemini) served as an important example of "discordant" twins. (springer.com)

This review summarizes and integrates research on vitamin D and CD4 + T-lymphocyte biology to develop new mechanistic insights into the molecular etiology of autoimmune disease. (frontiersin.org)
A deep understanding of molecular mechanisms relevant to gene-environment interactions is needed to deliver etiology-based autoimmune disease prevention and treatment strategies. (frontiersin.org)
Finally, unanswered questions and potentially informative future research directions are highlighted to speed delivery of etiology-based strategies to reduce autoimmune disease. (frontiersin.org)
A deep understanding of disease mechanisms will be needed to deliver etiology-based strategies to reverse this vexing trend. (frontiersin.org)
Indeed, "functional and mechanistic work on the molecular etiology of disease remains one of the major challenges in modern biology" ( 5 ). (frontiersin.org)
Finally, unanswered questions relating to vitamin D mechanisms in CD4 + T cells are highlighted to promote further research that may lead to a deeper understanding of autoimmune disease molecular etiology. (frontiersin.org)
Verstraeten A., Theuns J., Van Broeckhoven C. Progress in unraveling the genetic etiology of Parkinson disease in a genomic era. (annaly-nevrologii.com)
As a result, twin studies of psychiatric disorders are greatly contributing to the elucidation of genetic and environmental factors in the etiology of psychiatric conditions. (springer.com)
A growing body of research has demonstrated associations between specific neurodevelopmental disorders and variation in DNA methylation (DNAm), implicating this molecular mark as a possible contributor to the molecular etiology of these disorders and/or as a novel disease biomarker. (biomedcentral.com)
The fact that the concordance rate for RA in monozygotic twins is less than 20% suggests that environmental factors may be highly involved in the etiology of the disease. (biomedcentral.com)

Body mass index is an important indicator for determining obesity, which is highly correlated with cardiometabolic problem like coronary heart disease. (sdu.dk)
Comorbidities such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes and obesity increase the chances of fatal disease, but they alone do not explain why age is an independent risk factor. (aging-us.com)
Obesity is a complex, multifactorial disease, and better understanding of the mechanisms underlying the interactions between lifestyle, environment, and genetics is critical for developing effective strategies for prevention and treatment [1]. (wellnessdoctorrx.com)
It has been argued that the epigenome may represent the mechanistic link between genetic variants and environmental factors in determining obesity risk and could help explain the "missing heritability. (wellnessdoctorrx.com)
Obesity is a multifactorial chronic disease that cannot be addressed by simply promoting better diets and more physical activity. (springermedizin.at)
Integrating multi-omics approaches will enable a paradigm shift from the one size fits all approach towards precision obesity management, i.e. (1) precision prevention of the onset of obesity, (2) precision medicine and tailored treatment of obesity, and (3) precision risk reduction and prevention of secondary diseases related to obesity. (springermedizin.at)
Understanding that relationship could help researchers identify nutritional elements that might help prevent or treat diseases such as obesity, diabetes, coronary artery disease, cancer, and Alzheimer's. (medleafrx.com)

Humans have 25,000 genomes in their bodies which determine everything from their hair color to predispositions for certain diseases. (sfh.com)
Overlaying our incredibly complex genomes are our epigenomes. (claremontcreek.com)
Even identical twins that have identical genomes can have distinct epigenomes. (claremontcreek.com)
Our revolutionary sequencing technologies combine the completeness of long reads with the accuracy of short reads to provide the most comprehensive view of genomes, transcriptomes, and epigenomes. (pacb.com)

There was a J-shaped correlation between birth weight and CVD, in which low birth weight was strongly correlated with the occurrence of CVD, and macrosomia (high birth weight) also had a certain increase in the risk of CVD, notably coronary heart disease. (scientificarchives.com)
Furthermore, low birth weight was found to be directly associated with CVD subtype, e.g. coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke. (scientificarchives.com)

states that an abnormal environment early in life can alter an individual's organ structure, biochemistry, genetics and/or physiology, thereby increasing the risk of diseases later in life, namely that cardiovascular disease can be programmed in early life [ 3 , 4 ]. (scientificarchives.com)

Evidence linking sunlight, vitamin D, and the risk of multiple sclerosis and type 1 diabetes is summarized to develop the thesis that vitamin D is the environmental factor that most strongly influences autoimmune disease development. (frontiersin.org)
The global burden has risen with the near tripling in the last half-century of multiple sclerosis (MS) ( 2 , 3 ), type 1 diabetes (T1D) ( 4 ), and other autoimmune diseases. (frontiersin.org)
Autoimmune diseases, such as type 1 diabetes, are complex genetic traits which result from defects in the immune system. (wikipedia.org)
1 More than 50% of patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and 30% of those with Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) develop kidney disease, and a considerable number of cases can progress to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). (emjreviews.com)

Registry-based twin studies, using well-established methods to estimate the relative genetic (nature) versus environmental (nurture) determinants of asthma, suggest that genetic factors account for approximately 60%-80% of asthma susceptibility, with only a modest or no effect attributable to environmental effects shared between family members. (bmj.com)
Karimi‐Moghadam A., Charsouei S., Bell B., Jabalameli M.R. Parkinson disease from mendelian forms to genetic susceptibility: new molecular insights into the neurodegeneration process. (annaly-nevrologii.com)
Epigenetic modifications such as DNA methylation play a key role in gene regulation and disease susceptibility. (bcu.ac.uk)
This commentary discussed the role of various causes of birth weight changes, such as preterm birth, intrauterine growth restriction, and multiple births, in increasing susceptibility to cardiovascular disease in adults. (scientificarchives.com)
In addition, environmental factors also influence disease susceptibility. (biomedcentral.com)

Feinberg's early work concentrated on the variation of DNA methylation in cancer and other potential epigenetic variants that could play a role in population-attributable risk of the disease. (whatisepigenetics.com)
We report monozygotic twin girls with syndromic intellectual disability who underwent exome sequencing but with negative pathogenic variants. (pacb.com)

9 ] studied blood DNA methylation in relation to level and 10-year linear change in general cognitive ability in 243 monozygotic twin pairs with a mean age of 70 at last measurement. (biomedcentral.com)
A meta-analysis has shown that monozygotic twin is increased after transfer at the blastocyst stage. (parents-life.com)

The only exception is identical twins, who are born with identical DNA sequences. (lu.se)

The research of the past ten years has shown that changes to the epigenetic pattern can play a role in the development of diseases such as cancer and type 2 diabetes. (lu.se)
In addition, it has also been linked to extrahepatic consequences, such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and various types of cancers. (xiahepublishing.com)
Projects 1-3 will use multi-level genomics approaches to study stem cell derivation and differentiation in heart, tumors and the nervous system, with implications for understanding disease processes in cancer, diabetes, and cardiac and mental health. (ca.gov)
Increased human life expectancy has resulted in higher morbidity rates, as advanced age is the predominant risk factor for several diseases, including cancer, dementia, diabetes, and Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) [1]. (fortuneonline.org)
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a lethal microvascular complication associated with Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes mellitus, and is the leading single cause of end-stage renal disease. (emjreviews.com)
Oxidative stress has been related to type 2 diabetes (T2D) and cardiovascular disease (CVD), the leading global cause of death. (biomedcentral.com)

Health systems need to look beyond controlling the pandemic and incorporate measures to return to normal the temporarily derailed control measures for noncommunicable diseases, to avoid a twin tragedy of large numbers of premature deaths occurring from both communicable and noncommunicable diseases (DOI 10.31557/APJCC.2020.5.S1.1.1-3 ). (who.int)

Low birth weight (LBW) can have an impact on health outcomes in later life, especially in relation to pre-disposition to metabolic disease. (cambridge.org)
Many pregnancy complications are linked to placenta function and birth outcomes can have a large effect on later disease risk. (frontiersin.org)

Gene-environment interactions, sunlight and vitamin D, and T lymphocytes as autoimmune disease initiators and vitamin D targets are discussed to explain the rationale for reviewing vitamin D mechanisms in T cells. (frontiersin.org)
Current research topics particularly deal with forecasts on the course of diseases and therapy recommendations due to genetic dispositions and how these dispositions can be affected by agents (gene therapy). (wikipedia.org)
Our results showed widespread population invariability yet sequence dependence on adipose DNA methylation but that incorporating maps of regulatory elements aid in linking CpG variation to gene regulation and disease risk in a tissue-dependent manner. (bcu.ac.uk)
Thus, differences within twin pairs in gene expression and phenotype, including behavior, can be attributed in the majority of cases to environmental effects rather than genetic influence. (cambridge.org)
These processes influence gene expression patterns or cellular phenotypes and disease states with no underlying change in DNA sequence. (emjreviews.com)
By analyzing epigenomic and gene expression changes that occur in Alzheimer's disease, researchers identify cellular pathways that could become new drug targets. (scitechdaily.com)
Sickle Cell Disease and Gene Therapy - Patient and Physician Perspectives. (cdc.gov)
In this short documentary video, patients and physicians partner both to highlight the experience of living with sickle cell disease and to discuss the pathophysiology of the disease and new treatment strategies, including gene therapy. (cdc.gov)
The epigenome is the immediate cellular surroundings, the presence or lack of certain enzymes, proteins, that modulates the level of gene expression over time. (jeroen2307.com)
Before a gene can manifest in a disease or other condition, its "hidden" message must be expressed. (medleafrx.com)

We now know that most of the mutations in DNA sequence affect the epigenetic machinery of the cell, and we also know that many environmental exposures and even aging itself can affect the epigenome in ways that can increase the risk of cancer and/or the progression of cancer," Feinberg said. (whatisepigenetics.com)
Such epigenetic modifications may thus provide a possible biological link between environmental exposures, genetic variations, and the disease. (biomedcentral.com)
According to the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease hypothesis, environmental exposures in early life affects later life risk. (frontiersin.org)

The incidence of Parkinson's disease: a systematic review and meta‐analysis. (annaly-nevrologii.com)
They can give us useful information about the increased risk of a disease, but in most cases they will not determine the actual cause of the disease, or the actual incidence of somebody getting it. (curtisnutrition.com)

Recently, researchers have focused more on epigenetic mechanisms and their significance in multifactorial diseases. (annaly-nevrologii.com)
Although genetic influences are important, epigenetic mechanisms have been implicated in several aspects of the disease. (emjreviews.com)
Certainly, his research has helped set the groundwork for further exploration into epigenetic mechanisms and disease. (whatisepigenetics.com)

Other autoimmune diseases are included where robust mechanistic data exist. (frontiersin.org)

in contrast, fraternal twins develop from two different eggs fertilized by different sperm, so the genetic material varies as with non-twin siblings). (coursehero.com)
In the late 1980's the Hollywood classic Twins , Arnold Schwarzenegger and Danny DeVito, star as fraternal twins Julius and Vincent Benedict. (medleafrx.com)

This review highlights recent advances in vitamin D and T-lymphocyte biology in an effort to harness vitamin D's potential to reduce the impact of autoimmune diseases. (frontiersin.org)
Autoimmune diseases represent a failure of self-identification leading to an immune-mediated assault on host tissues. (frontiersin.org)
We drew mainly on MS and T1D research because intensive investigation has generated detailed insights into vitamin D mechanisms in these diseases and provided valuable guidance for research on other autoimmune diseases. (frontiersin.org)
A recent chapter ( 6 ) and a review ( 7 ) have summarized vitamin D mechanisms in autoimmune diseases more generally. (frontiersin.org)
A special focus is often laid on the forecast regarding and therapy of genetically based autoimmune diseases, which include all diseases caused by an extreme reaction of the immune system against the body's own tissue. (wikipedia.org)
Autoimmune diseases have also been linked to epigenetic aberrations, as well as certain psychiatric and mood disorders, ranging from schizophrenia to bipolar disorder to autism. (sfh.com)

We investigated the contribution of oxidative stress-associated CpGs to development of cardiometabolic disease. (biomedcentral.com)

Evidence for CD4 + T-cell involvement in autoimmune disease pathogenesis and for paracrine calcitriol signaling to CD4 + T lymphocytes is summarized to support the thesis that calcitriol is sunlight's main protective signal transducer in autoimmune disease risk. (frontiersin.org)
Aberrant expression of many specific lncRNAs was reported to be correlated to the pathogenesis of various diseases in human and model animals [ 16 , 17 ]. (researchsquare.com)
Objectives Occupational pesticide exposure is associated with a wide range of diseases, including lung diseases, but it is largely unknown how pesticides influence airway disease pathogenesis. (bmj.com)
Further research should reveal whether this differential methylation plays a role in the airway disease pathogenesis induced by pesticides. (bmj.com)
Millions of workers worldwide are exposed daily to occupational pesticide exposure, but it is largely unknown how pesticides influence airway disease pathogenesis. (bmj.com)

We utilized the Multiple Tissue Human Expression Resource (MuTHER) and generated Illumina 450K adipose methylome data from 648 twins. (bcu.ac.uk)

We also discuss several biological age clocks that could be used in conjunction with genetic tests to identify both the mechanisms of the disease and individuals most at risk. (aging-us.com)
DNA methylation is thus an important mechanism in tissue-specific transcriptional regulation, and studying differences and changes in DNA methylation can help us understand biological mechanisms underlying health and disease. (biomedcentral.com)

The prevalence of metabolic (dysfunction)-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is rapidly increasing and affects up to two billion individuals globally, and this has also resulted in increased risks for cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and liver transplants. (xiahepublishing.com)
Metabolic (dysfunction)-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) currently affects up to two billion people worldwide, and its prevalence has been found to be increasing. (xiahepublishing.com)
The conceptual framework behind the recent redefinition of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) as MAFLD (which stresses the metabolic dysfunction aspect) aims to embrace this diagnostic and therapeutic paradigm, enhance the identification of high-risk patients and improve the referral pathways, and it also promises clinical care strategies that are tailored to the individual variability of patients. (xiahepublishing.com)

MIT scientists conducted an in-depth study on Alzheimer's, analyzing the genomic, epigenomic, and transcriptomic changes in the disease. (scitechdaily.com)

With this knowledge, we are able to identify biomarkers as well as develop novel epigenetic therapeutics for the treatment of various diseases. (whatisepigenetics.com)
Hot Topics of the Day are picked by experts to capture the latest information and publications on public health genomics and precision health for various diseases and health topics. (cdc.gov)

This project provided a better understanding of how aberrant DNA methylation can affect the aetiology of bladder cancer and how we can use this information to identify novel epigenetic biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of the disease. (ucl.ac.uk)

Alzheimer's disease affects more than 6 million people in the United States, and there are very few FDA-approved treatments that can slow the progression of the disease. (scitechdaily.com)
Many efforts to develop drugs for Alzheimer's disease have focused on the amyloid plaques that develop in patients' brains. (scitechdaily.com)

4 , 11 - 19 Notably, a number of studies have provided evidence that the criteria associated with MAFLD are more effective than the criteria associated with NAFLD when it comes to identifying patients with significant fibrosis as well as chronic kidney and cardiovascular diseases, including those with fatty liver disease and other concomitant liver diseases. (xiahepublishing.com)

DN is a complex multifactorial disease caused by multiple genetic and environmental factors. (emjreviews.com)

Twin studies of psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorder have employed epidemiological approaches that determine heritability by comparing the concordance rate between monozygotic twins (MZs) and dizygotic twins. (springer.com)
In epidemiological twin studies, comparisons of the concordance rate between monozygotic twins (MZs) and dizygotic twins (DZs) are very important. (springer.com)
For instance, the concordance between identical twins for breast cancer was found to be only 20% (5). (curtisnutrition.com)

At the end of the nineteenth century, Francis Golton was the first to consider twins as a useful scientific model, questioning whether human traits originated from genetic or environmental causes. (springer.com)
Contributions of environmental factors such as oxidative stress on complex traits and disease may be partly mediated through changes in epigenetic marks (e.g. (biomedcentral.com)

We conducted two epigenome-wide association studies in individuals with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) (aged 4-18 years) using DNA extracted from saliva. (biomedcentral.com)

The current therapeutic methods to treat DN are limited to slowing disease progression without repair and regeneration of the damaged nephrons. (emjreviews.com)

Researchers began comparing young and old individuals and it is here that the identical twins come in. (lu.se)
This is why, over time, identical twins come to look and behave differently. (coursehero.com)

Multiple sclerosis and T1D have distinct target organs, genetic risk factors, onset ages, and female to male ratios, but target organ-specific T cells as initiators unite these diseases. (frontiersin.org)

Apart from these external effects on the organism, there are also defense reactions regarding the body's own cells, e.g. in the scope of the bodily reactions on cancer and the lacking reaction of a body on healthy cells in the scope of immune-mediated disease. (wikipedia.org)
However, the question of why one twin gets cancer and the other not cannot be explained by inherited differences in DNA. (lu.se)
One example of epigenetic change with a damaging effect is a disease like cancer. (sfh.com)
The naked mole rat ( Heterocephalus glaber ) is a long-lived rodent that can live more than 30 years with sustained reproduction, resistance to common age-related diseases such as cancer, and no age-related increase in mortality rate 13 . (nature.com)
Novel data have only just begun to peel back the layers of mystery surrounding topics such as disease, aging, and, particularly, cancer. (whatisepigenetics.com)
The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) continues to closely monitor the COVID-19 situation and is currently involved in various initiatives and collaborations to assess the impact of the disease on cancer and cancer prevention. (who.int)
The team used head and neck cancer, a known time-dependent disease, as a model for the tool ( PMID 33704627 ). (who.int)

Overall, the center activities will create a game-changing network effect for the state, propelling technology development, biological discovery and disease treatment in the field. (ca.gov)
In their new set of studies, the MIT team sought to uncover other possible approaches by analyzing the molecular drivers of the disease, the cell types that are the most vulnerable, and the underlying biological pathways that drive neurodegeneration. (scitechdaily.com)
An animal model is a non-human species used in biomedical research because it can mimic aspects of a biological process or disease found in humans. (genome.gov)

We also highlight the importance of initiating longitudinal and experimental studies with MZ twins during pregnancy. (cambridge.org)
Animal models (e.g., mice, rats, zebrafish and others) are sufficiently like humans in their anatomy, physiology or response to a pathogen that researchers can extrapolate the results of animal model studies to better understand human physiology and disease. (genome.gov)
Subjects covered include how to establish and maintain twin registries, accurately assess zygosity, collect biospecimens, and other important issues related to twin studies. (cambridge.org)
This special issue shows that over 1.5 million twins and their families are participating in twin studies worldwide. (cambridge.org)

Monozygotic (MZ) twin study designs are unique in their ability to control for genetic differences because each pair of MZ twins shares essentially the same genetic sequence with the exception of a small number of de novo mutations and copy number variations. (cambridge.org)
In this article, we review the literature showing how MZ twin designs can be used to study basic epigenetic principles, contributing to understanding the role of early in utero and postnatal environmental factors on the development of psychopathology. (cambridge.org)
This study found that subjects who consumed whole fruit versus fruit juice had significantly different chemical signatures (known as methylation or the epigenome) on specific regions of their DNA. (askthescientists.com)
We conducted an epigenome-wide association study of leukocyte DNA methylation in relation to level and change in cognitive abilities, from midlife through late life in 535 Swedish twins. (biomedcentral.com)
Twin and sibling designs present the opportunity to study DNA methylation while adjusting for the effects of meQTLs and examine the extent of familial confounding [ 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Among many other projects, Feinberg is currently involved in an ongoing collaborative outer space study of twins Mark and Scott Kelly. (whatisepigenetics.com)
Twins can provide unique opportunities to study causal influences on variation in human behaviors, development, and diseases. (cambridge.org)
This study clearly indicates that submicroscopic copy-neutral inversions are important but often uncharacterized culprits in monogenic disorders and that long-read sequencing is highly advantageous for detecting such inversions involved in genetic diseases. (pacb.com)

This research was based on analyzing three monovular pairs of twins, of which one twin has contracted multiple sclerosis whereas the other one has not. (wikipedia.org)
We have collected 30 twin pairs and measure their methylation level using reduced presentation bisulfite sequencing (RRBS) technology. (sdu.dk)

Asthma is the most common chronic disease among children globally and the number of children affected is increasing in developing countries. (bmj.com)

The scope of the project is to develop a broad scale understanding of epigenetic processes in common disease. (ucl.ac.uk)

However, their effect sizes are modest and the majority of causality remains unexplained for most common diseases. (ucl.ac.uk)

Key transcription factors involved in DN that can be targeted to halt disease progression are also described. (emjreviews.com)

However, the knowledge could also be turned against the individual - if you smoke or eat unhealthily, you run a much higher risk of suffering from disease. (lu.se)
From the perspective of society, it is of course possible that we could see discrimination against those who increase their risk of disease by their lifestyle. (lu.se)
It is more likely that there is a risk of a new hype - overconfidence that I can influence my epigenome to achieve a better life, a life more in line with the prevailing norms. (lu.se)
Liang J, Gu1 A. Commentary on Association between Birth Weight and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease: Evidence from UK Biobank. (scientificarchives.com)
Early identification of individuals at risk of cardiovascular disease is critical for developing effective preventions. (scientificarchives.com)
Early identification of individuals at risk of cardiovascular disease is crucial to develop effective preventions. (scientificarchives.com)
Placenta-associated pregnancy complications, such as preeclampsia and intrauterine growth restriction, are all associated with aberrant patterns of DNA methylation and expression which are only now being linked to disease risk later in life. (frontiersin.org)
This review will summarise current knowledge on the effect of early environmental exposure on later disease risk, especially where this may be mediated by DNA methylation. (frontiersin.org)

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease that leads to inflammation of the joints and surrounding tissues. (biomedcentral.com)

It is necessary to further subdivide the low birth weight caused by different causes, so that it may be easier to find the important factors causing low birth weight and its important influence on cardiovascular disease. (scientificarchives.com)

The involvement of DNA methylation in health and disease is well established but not yet fully understood. (ucl.ac.uk)

RA is a complex inflammatory disease affecting up to 1% of the population. (biomedcentral.com)

In addition, diabetic patients with ESRD are more likely to develop adverse macrovascular complications such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, and peripheral and cerebrovascular disease leading to an increased mortality rate. (emjreviews.com)

Knowledge of your epigenome could also reveal that certain medical treatments will not have any effect, or alternatively, will be particularly effective. (lu.se)

Anatomy10

Diseases12

Chemicals and Drugs19

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment17

Psychiatry and Psychology3

Phenomena and Processes45

Disciplines and Occupations5

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena3

Information Science3

Named Groups6

Health Care7

Publication Characteristics1

Geographicals2

Genome8

Epigenetics8

EWAS7

Genes20

Discordant2

Etiology10

Obesity7

Genomes4

Coronary heart d2

Genetics1

Type 1 diabet4

Susceptibility5

Variants2

Monozygotic twin2

Sequences1

Diabetes6

Noncommunicable diseases1

Outcomes2

Gene10

Environmental exposures3

Incidence2

Epigenetic mechanisms3

Mechanistic1

Fraternal twins2

Autoimmune diseases6

CpGs1

Pathogenesis5

450K1

Mechanisms2

Metabolic3

Genomic1

Various diseases2

Biomarkers1

Alzheimer's2

Cardiovascular diseases1

Multifactorial disease1

Concordance3

Traits2

Association studies1

Methods1

Identical twins come2

Distinct1

Cancer7

Biological3

Studies4

Study8

Pairs2

Chronic disease1

Processes1

Common diseases1

Progression1

Risk8

Rheumatoid arthritis1

Influence1

Health and dis1

Inflammatory1

Atherosclerosis1

Treatments1