Epidemiological social anxiety scale resilience psychological. Medical search. Frequent questions

These social determinants of the pandemic have impacted individual emotional distress ( 9 ). (frontiersin.org)
Exposure to trauma during disasters and conflict, together with the cascading effects of bereavement, forced displacement, injury and resource loss has the potential to cause long-term psychological distress (1-3). (who.int)
However, in a sizeable minority of cases, psychological distress remains high for months and even years (1, 14). (who.int)
In fact, it is typical for PTSD and other forms of psychological distress to develop some time after the acute crisis. (who.int)
Key risk factors for the cause or maintenance of psychological distress among survivors include severity of trauma exposure, female gender, pre-existing psychological conditions and the presence of ongoing chronic stressors in the post-disaster environment (11, 18). (who.int)
We address this gap in knowledge by investigating how gender moderates and mediates the influence of several sources of distress and resilience among 259 Afghan refugees residing in northern California. (preprints.org)
Future studies of similar populations should investigate gender differences in sources of distress and resilience, and efforts to assist new arrivals might inform them of changes in gender roles they may experience, and facilitate opportunities to renegotiate gender roles. (preprints.org)
Although a previous study reported that physical activity (PA) moderated psychological distress in parents of children with ASD during the COVID-19 pandemic, the effect of PA on the happiness levels of such parents during the pandemic remains unclear. (biomedcentral.com)
This study investigated the associations among PA, psychological distress, and happiness in mothers of children with ASD during the COVID-19 pandemic. (biomedcentral.com)
Psychological distress and happiness were assessed using the six-item Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K6) and the Subjective Happiness Scale (SHS). (biomedcentral.com)
The mothers had markedly higher K6 scores (6.49) and more than half of them had moderate-to-severe psychological distress, whereas the SHS scores (4.46) were similar to that of the general Japanese population. (biomedcentral.com)
The mothers of children with ASD during the COVID-19 pandemic had markedly higher psychological distress, though none of the PA items were associated with stress levels. (biomedcentral.com)
Depression and other forms of psychological distress are common among Vietnamese adolescents and increase the risk of mental health problems in adulthood. (biomedcentral.com)
To detect maladaptive anger coping in Vietnamese adolescents to facilitate intervention to prevent and diminish psychological distress, a measure of adolescent anger coping styles validated using a non-Western population is required. (biomedcentral.com)
Contemplative abilities including self-compassion, mindfulness, and related constructs such as distress tolerance are associated with adolescent psychological wellbeing. (bsl.nl)

These psychological manifestations are associated with personal, social, behavioral and cognitive variables that, taken together, encompass psychosocial determinants of how people respond to menacing situations ( 8 ). (frontiersin.org)
Virtual environments have been increasingly used in conjunction with traditional cognitive behavioral treatments for disorders, such as posttraumatic stress disorder and social anxiety disorder. (researchgate.net)
A cross-sectional survey was conducted as part of a behavioral health epidemiological consultation at a U.S. Army division (n=5,842) during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. (health.mil)
Due to this, schools are exploring feasible strategies to satisfy such social, emotional, behavioral as well as academic demands of their students. (wienmeditation.at)
As a parent's negative psychological status is linked to psychological and behavioral problems in their children [ 11 ], identifying the correlates of psychological status among mothers of children with ASD is important for supporting both their own well-being and that of their children. (biomedcentral.com)

I have particular clinical and research interests in PTSD, trauma, resilience and the mental health and wellbeing of high-risk occupational groups. (ucl.ac.uk)
A greater rate of SAD was found in veterans with than without post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (22.0% vs. 1.1%), and primary care providers detected anxiety problems in only 58% of veterans with SAD. (researchgate.net)
In a sample of 86 veterans diagnosed with PTSD, 73.3% had another anxiety disorder diagnosis (Magruder et al. (researchgate.net)
The rates of psychological disorders fol owing disasters vary widely (16), but consistent evidence indicates that up to one third of survivors develop PTSD, and one quarter report depression (11). (who.int)
Several studies suggest there is a meaningful relationship between FM and the psychological symptoms of depression and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). (spectrum-project.org)
The primary outcome was severity of PTSD symptoms, and secondary outcomes included measures of other mental health difficulties (depression, anxiety and anger), problems with alcohol, and social and occupational functioning. (bmj.com)
Treatments for veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) seem to be less effective than for matched populations, 1-3 and veterans with PTSD are at increased risk of high levels of dysfunction and social exclusion. (bmj.com)
Regression analyses were used to assess the contributions of age at capture, war trauma, and postwar social support to PTSD and the other diagnosed disorders. (trauma-pages.org)
Regression analyses indicated that age at capture, severity of trauma exposure, and postmilitary social support were moderately predictive of PTSD and only weakly predictive of other disorders. (trauma-pages.org)

The online anonymous survey collected information on sociodemographic data, compliance with PM, quality of life (QOL), and mental health via the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). (mdpi.com)
SD = 7.67), mostly female (67.8%), answered the Safety Climate Scale in Hospital Work, the Intentional Behavior to Take a Leave of Absence Scale adapted to the COVID-19 context, the Fear of COVID-19 Scale, and a sociodemographic questionnaire. (bvsalud.org)
The construct validity of the questionnaire with anxiety and motivation for sports was detected, for which it would be an instrument with evidence of properties for a rapid measurement of the construct. (bvsalud.org)
This measure was developed for use in the present study and includes 35 items modeled after the Sex Activity Questionnaire for Girls and Boys and 5 items modeled after the Fear of Sex subscale from the Children's Impact of Traumatic Events Scale (Wolfe, Gentile, Michienzi, & Sas, 1991). (ubbcluj.ro)
The development of a questionnaire for use in epidemiological studies of depression in children and adolescents. (ubbcluj.ro)
The sample was intentional, composed of 39 nursing professionals, with data col ected from January to May 2014 through the Effort-Reward Imbalance and Resilience Score questionnaire. (bvsalud.org)

Variations exist among adolescents' contemplative abilities and such differences are associated with demographic factors and psychological well-being. (bsl.nl)

This is the first report of the psychological impact of COVID-19 in the general Panamanian population and one of the only studies in the Latin American region and, therefore, contributes to research in the Latino population and lower-middle income countries. (frontiersin.org)

The current qualitative study compares the experiences of veterans with symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder and social anxiety disorder as they interact with a virtual grocery store environment. (researchgate.net)

Affiliates of the Institute of Mental Health with expertise in Psychological Interventions. (ucl.ac.uk)
I have also published research related to the acceptability and impact of psychological interventions as well as qualitative research on a variety of topics. (ucl.ac.uk)
Other research interests include examining the assessment of frailty in older people with mental health conditions, and evaluating psychological interventions for this population. (ucl.ac.uk)
These results highlight the burden of adolescent psychiatric disorders, the need for extensive interventions and the importance of resilience factors for a positive outcome. (biomedcentral.com)
Future studies are needed to investigate whether interventions targeting loneliness and social isolation can help to prevent two of the leading causes of death and disability in high-income countries. (bmj.com)

To examine the prevalence and correlates of social anxiety disorder (SAD) in veterans, 733 veterans from four VA primary care clinics were evaluated using self-report questionnaires, telephone interviews, and a 12-month retrospective review of primary care charts. (researchgate.net)
Women are more likely to experience depressive symptoms than men [ 8 ], and the prevalence of depressive and anxiety disorders displayed a greater increase in women than in men during the COVID-19 pandemic [ 4 , 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Self-perceived health status and self-perceived social support were negatively associated with depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms. (frontiersin.org)
Self-perceived social isolation was positively associated with depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms. (frontiersin.org)
Psychiatric illness and insomnia were positively associated with depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms, whereas psychological resilience was negatively associated with depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms. (frontiersin.org)
Studies have reported high-stress levels, sleep disturbances such as insomnia and nightmares, an increase in depressive and anxiety symptoms, and poor concentration, among others ( 4 ). (frontiersin.org)
Furthermore, the rise in psychological and psychiatric symptoms is also a result of COVID-19 related deaths and illnesses as well as social unrest and economic crises ( 14 , 15 ). (frontiersin.org)
When assessed for adult autism spectrum symptoms, despite not fulfilling a DSM-5 diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), he reported a score of 93/240 at the Ritvo Autism and Asperger Diagnostic Scale (RAADS-r) and of 88/160 at the Adult Autism Subthreshold Spectrum (AdAS Spectrum), both indicative of ASD. (spectrum-project.org)
The relationship between social media use, stress symptoms and burden caused by coronavirus (Covid-19) in Germany and Italy: A cross-sectional and longitudinal investigation. (ruhr-uni-bochum.de)
The top co-occurrence keywords were 'children', 'depression', 'anxiety' and 'attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)', 'scale', identifying the population, characteristics and commonly used assessment tools that are susceptible to certain symptoms relating to IGD of which influencing factors facilitate the understanding of the association of sociodemographic characteristics. (techscience.com)

Effective management of the global pandemic caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (also known as COVID-19), resulted in the implementation of severe restrictions in movement and enforcement of social distancing measures. (mdpi.com)
Research has shown that the social determinants related to worse psychological responses to the pandemic include being female, age, previous mental health diagnosis, lower income, racial and ethnic disparities, poor subjective and objective health status, and being a healthcare worker ( 10 - 13 ). (frontiersin.org)
I am also working on studies that explore the impact of social isolation on health and well-being during the covid-19 pandemic. (ucl.ac.uk)
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic may have severely impacted the psychological status of mothers of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). (biomedcentral.com)
Our results may reflect COVID-19-related health concerns and a lack of social support caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. (biomedcentral.com)
A systematic review and meta-analysis of eight studies using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) examined the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on anxiety and depression in pregnancy and the perinatal period [ 22 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
In addition, a study of 2740 pregnant women during the pandemic found that stopping face-to-face prenatal visits and modifications to birth plans were strongly associated with anxiety [ 20 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
As the virus spreads, it becomes gradually possible to assess its social, economic and political consequences, as well as witness the mediatization of the pandemic, the closure of schools and universities, libraries and museums, the cancellation of sports competitions, the loss of income by workers and entrepreneurs and the negative impact of the pandemic on informal work (Maranhão, 2020) . (scirp.org)
However, in light of the recent Covid-19 pandemic which resulted in a number of lockdowns, heightened anxiety and the loss of a great number of loved ones1, the necessity to address mental health issues and promote mental well-being has been increasingly put under the socio-political spotlight. (lu.se)

However, little research has addressed gender differences in the nature and influence of resettlement stressors and sources of resilience. (preprints.org)
instead, previous studies suggest that compared with women who are not clinically depressed, depressed mothers are exposed to higher rates of cumulative life stressors including socioeconomic disadvantage, Reference Pickett and Wilkinson 3 family violence and low social support, Reference Goodman and Gotlib 1 and they tend to follow riskier life-course pathways characterised by low educational attainment, teen pregnancy, substance use and criminal behaviours. (cambridge.org)
Other contributing factors have been identified, including prior trauma exposure (15), a history of childhood conduct problems (7), pre-trauma personality (16), heritability (17), age at trauma exposure (18, 19), and post-traumatic factors such as social support (20) and exposure to re-activating stressors (21). (trauma-pages.org)

Exposure to trauma has potential to induce a range of psychological and neuropsychiatric disorders. (who.int)

and the provision of psychosocial and community support during the early stages of recovery will likely reduce the incidence of more severe psychological issues (11-13). (who.int)
Conclusion Maternal interpersonal trauma exposures can negatively impact child social-emotional development, acting in part through maternal psychosocial factors. (ubbcluj.ro)
To verify the presence of psychosocial stress and resilience scores in nursing professionals who care for adults with multidrug-resistant germs. (bvsalud.org)
It was observed that 69.23% (27) of the professionals had high psychosocial stress and 56.41% (22), low resilience. (bvsalud.org)
The correlation between psychosocial stress and resilience was r=0.3 (p=0.001). (bvsalud.org)
A high percentage of professionals with psychosocial stress and low resilience was identified, indicating a risk of psychoemotional and physical illness. (bvsalud.org)

Measures include compulsory wearing of a mask (also in open air and during sporting activities, and in some municipalities even when there are no other people in the vicinity), physical distancing, social isolation, compulsory quarantine for some groups and hygiene measures. (stress.org)
Employment and economic uncertainty, chronic stress, anxiety, and social isolation are likely to have negative impacts on parent mental health, couple and family relationships, as well as child health and development. (frontiersin.org)
Consistent with government responses around the world, the Australian federal and state governments introduced an increasingly strict regime of social distancing/isolation measures to slow the rate of infection ( 1 ). (frontiersin.org)
Objective We undertook a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the association between loneliness or social isolation and incident coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke. (bmj.com)
2 Yet, compared with our understanding of these risk factors, we know much less about the implications of loneliness and social isolation for disease aetiology. (bmj.com)
3 , 4 Health-risk behaviours associated with loneliness and social isolation include physical inactivity and smoking. (bmj.com)
5 Loneliness is linked to lower self-esteem and limited use of active coping methods, 6 while social isolation predicts decline in self-efficacy. (bmj.com)

Resilience in Sri Lankans exposed to disasters: A qualitative study. (calstatela.edu)

Escala de Intención Comportamental de Alejarse de los Servicios, adaptadas para el contexto de la COVID-19, Fear of COVID-19 Scale y cuestionario sociodemográfico. (bvsalud.org)
Al dividir la muestra en dos grupos en forma aleatoria, los resultados -tanto de análisis factoriales exploratorios como confirmatorios- arrojaron una estructura unifactorial similar a la postulada por los autores del cuestionario. (bvsalud.org)
39 profesionales, con datos recopilados de enero a mayo de 2014 a través del cuestionario Effort-Reward Imbalance and Resilience Score. (bvsalud.org)

it is "the achievement of expected developmental cognitive, social, and emotional milestones and by secure attachments, satisfying social relationships, and effective coping skills" (p.123) [ 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Through systematic interrogation of large-scale genetic data, we review KLK8 regulation in the context of mental health and provide a summary of clinical and preclinical evidence supporting a role for neuropsin in the pathogenesis of mental illness. (preprints.org)
We aimed to examine symptom load in a clinical adolescent population at three-year follow-up and explore associations with standard care treatment procedures and resilience factors upon first presenting at Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services. (biomedcentral.com)
The dominance of clinical and epidemiological features of autoimmune hepatitis as a common causative pathology for chronic liver disease in young and middle-aged ladies may hide the presence of other serious different pathologies such as Wilson's disease. (bvsalud.org)

and external aspect (assessed using Pearson's correlation coefficients between the BARQC-V and Vietnamese translations of the Coping Self-Efficacy Scale, Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale Revised, Mental Health Continuum Short Form, and the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale). (biomedcentral.com)
We also celebrated one of our longest serving team members, Rebecca Rees , becoming a Professor of Social Policy and Head of the Social Science Research Unit (SSRU) where the EPPI Centre is based! (ioe.ac.uk)

The aims of this study are to assess the levels of perceived threat (susceptibility, severity, impact), negative emotions (fear, worry), and self-efficacy of pregnant women in China related to COVID-19 and to examine their associations with mental health (depression and anxiety) and personal protective behavior (wearing a face mask). (jmir.org)
The results of the multivariate multinominal logistic regression analyses showed that perceived severity, perceived impact, fear, and worry were risk factors for probable depression and anxiety, while self-efficacy was a protective factor. (jmir.org)
Depression and Anxiety 26:711-717, 2009. (findmedarticle.com)

Following the conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan, large-scale epidemiological studies explored the health outcomes within the Coalition forces involved. (bmj.com)
The three profiles differed on all psychological well-being outcomes, with high CC reporting greatest psychological well-being, followed by moderate CC, and then low CC. Lastly, CC profiles differed on indicators of psychological well-being as a function of gender and minority status. (bsl.nl)

Chronic stress is the physiological or psychological response induced by a long-term internal or external stressor. (wikipedia.org)
citation needed] Resilience in chronic stress is defined as the ability to deal and cope with stresses in a healthy manner. (wikipedia.org)

Higher self-reported resilience characteristics were associated with lower symptom load after three years. (biomedcentral.com)

I enjoy working with students, and our research team presents papers at several conferences each year, including those organized by the Western Psychological Association, the American Psychological Association, and the International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies. (calstatela.edu)
8] In two retrospective studies Psychological Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, PO involving more than 25,000 adult members of a large Box 4345, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand. (findmedarticle.com)

3 Health, therefore, is a broad concept that goes beyond the physical and also relates to the emotional and social well-being of the individual. (stress.org)
Patients with Epidermolysis Bullosa (EB) have a broad spectrum of need for pain and wound treatment, varying with the type of EB, the severity within that type, and the particular physical, emotional, and psychological milieu of each individual. (hrb.ie)
Although childcare settings, including family day care are ideal to promote children's social and emotional wellbeing at a population level in a sustainable way, family day care educators receive limited training in promoting children's mental health. (biomedcentral.com)
This study is an exploratory wait-list control cluster randomised controlled trial to test the appropriateness, acceptability, cost, and effectiveness of "Thrive," an intervention program to build the capacity of family day care educators to promote children's social and emotional wellbeing. (biomedcentral.com)
Thrive aims to increase educators' knowledge, confidence and skills in promoting children's social and emotional wellbeing. (biomedcentral.com)
and focused discussion about children's social and emotional wellbeing during field worker visits. (biomedcentral.com)
The survey consists of questions measuring perceived levels of knowledge, confidence and skills in promoting children's social and emotional wellbeing. (biomedcentral.com)
Within the United States, there has been an increased attention on school-based promotion of students' social and emotional competence to improve poor academic motivation, school dropout, school bullying and aggression, and mental health problems (Schonert-Reichl et al. (wienmeditation.at)

A qualitative cross‑cultural comparison of well‑being constructs: the meaning of happiness, life satisfaction, and social support for German and Chinese students. (ruhr-uni-bochum.de)

Researchers have identified three main pathways through which social relationships may affect health: behavioural, psychological and physiological mechanisms. (bmj.com)

A community sample of 480 adult residents of Panama completed a survey that included sociodemographic questions, COVID-19 related questions (e.g., health concerns regarding the virus, knowledge and behaviors in biosafety) and scales of stress, anxiety, depression, prosocial behavior, resilience, perceived social support, and insomnia. (frontiersin.org)
They also may use drugs or alcohol to control feelings of discomfort and anxiety, resulting in potentially risktaking behavior and deleterious personal relationships (Gros et al. (researchgate.net)
Testing the four main predictions of the Interpersonal-Psychological Theory of Suicidal Behavior in an inpatient sample admitted due to severe suicidality. (ruhr-uni-bochum.de)
This study sought to develop a health protecting behavior scale. (sachecucine.it)
It contains 9 items (e.g., washing hands, wearing a mask, wearing sanitary gloves, and physical distancing) with a 5-point Likert scale for the frequency of each behavior (from 0 = never to 4 = all the time). (sachecucine.it)

UK higher education humanities & social sciences health & social welfare. (lse.ac.uk)

Making meaning after the tsunami disaster: Risk and resilience in Sri Lanka. (calstatela.edu)
Urbanization often compounds disaster risk, particularly in low-resource areas, where population density presents significant threats to health, social capital and community resilience in humanitarian emergencies (4-5). (who.int)
Background The influence of social relationships on morbidity is widely accepted, but the size of the risk to cardiovascular health is unclear. (bmj.com)
Poor social relationships were associated with a 29% increase in risk of incident CHD (pooled relative risk: 1.29, 95% CI 1.04 to 1.59) and a 32% increase in risk of stroke (pooled relative risk: 1.32, 95% CI 1.04 to 1.68). (bmj.com)
Conclusions Our findings suggest that deficiencies in social relationships are associated with an increased risk of developing CHD and stroke. (bmj.com)
Adults who have few social contacts (ie, who are socially isolated) or feel unhappy about their social relationships (ie, who are lonely) are at increased risk of premature mortality. (bmj.com)
1 The influence of social relationships on mortality is comparable with well-established risk factors, including physical activity and obesity. (bmj.com)

A multilevel meta-analysis synthesizing five decades of cumulative knowledge on effects of youth psychotherapy, states that the impact of therapy differs markedly by target problem, showing larger treatment effects for anxiety than for other problems, and most disappointing effects for depression [ 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak: Addictive social media use, depression, anxiety and stress in quarantine - an exploratory study in Germany and Lithuania. (ruhr-uni-bochum.de)

The study quality was assessed using an adapted Newcastle-Ottawa Scale checklist. (nature.com)
Results from the Child/Adolescent Anxiety Multimodal Extended Long-Term Study (CAMELS) found that treatment type was not associated with remission status across the follow-up [ 10 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Apr 9, 2021 · The COVID-19 Protective Behaviors Scale was developed for the purpose of this study. (sachecucine.it)

The results showed social anxiety, aggression, and salivary cortisol levels were significantly lowered in the experimental group. (wienmeditation.at)
The results identified five topics: game impulse, motivation, evaluation scale, mediating effects and diagnostic criteria. (techscience.com)

The relationship between burden caused by coronavirus (Covid-19), addictive social media use, sense of control and anxiety. (ruhr-uni-bochum.de)
Mandetta's successor, Nelson Teich, said Brazil needed a full testing programme to better understand the new coronavirus and promised no "abrupt decision" on social distancing. (scirp.org)

This result reinforces the importance of reviewing the organization of work, encouraging the implementation of programs to increase resilience scores. (bvsalud.org)

Epidemiological assessments in emergency settings: Recommendations for enhancing a potentially useful tool. (calstatela.edu)

Cronbach's alpha coefficients of the 5 factors demonstrated acceptable internal reliability for the BARQC-V's sub-scales. (biomedcentral.com)
However, the EPDS items related to anxiety factors were significantly higher and the EPDS items related to anhedonia and depression factors (excluding thoughts of self-harm) were significantly lower in the During COVID-19 group. (biomedcentral.com)

Long before the EVD outbreak, Sierra Leone's 11-year civil war (1991-2002) resulted in the deaths of over 50,000 people, devastating the country's health system and fracturing its social fabric. (biomedcentral.com)

Soldiers who screened positive for depression or anxiety were also more likely to report intentions to leave the Army. (health.mil)
A clinimetric analy-sis of the euthymia, resilience, and positive mental health scales. (ruhr-uni-bochum.de)

neglect Childhood adversity, whether abuse or neglect, has 1Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Otago, been associated with the development of depression in adult life. (findmedarticle.com)

Since 1972, the United States General Social Survey (GSS) has asked at least 1500 women and men of all ages, education levels, income levels and marital status: "Taken all together, how would you say things are these days, would you say that you are very happy, pretty happy, or not too happy? (positivepsychologynews.com)
Jordanians have also experienced the epidemiological areas, with women aged 18-59 years comprising nearly a transition from primarily communicable diseases to quarter of this population ( 1 ). (who.int)

Anatomy2

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment3

Psychiatry and Psychology21

Phenomena and Processes1

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena3

Information Science3

Health Care2

Distress15

Behavioral5

PTSD9

Questionnaire6

Adolescents1

Impact of COVID-191

Posttraumatic stress d1

Interventions5

Prevalence2

Symptoms8

Pandemic9

Stressors3

Disorders1

Psychosocial6

Isolation7

Qualitative Study1

Cuestionario3

Developmental1

Clinical3

Centre2

Depression and anxiety3

Outcomes2

Chronic2

Characteristics1

Studies2

Emotional8

Constructs1

Physiological1

Behavior5

Sciences1

Risk7

Markedly1

Quarantine1

Study3

Results2

Coronavirus2

Increase1

Potentially1

Factors2

19911

Positive2

Neglect1

Women2