• Virgin soil epidemics such as smallpox, leptospirosis, influenza, scarlet fever and measles ravaged Native communities due to their lack of immunity to Old World diseases. (wikipedia.org)
  • The 1518 smallpox epidemic killed 90% of the natives who had not already perished. (vazenterprises.com)
  • Although external warfare (with European colonists), internal warfare (between tribes), enslavement, and intermarriage are all contributing factors, death by epidemic is the main factor in a sharp decline in the Native-American population. (howtopasstheged.com)
  • The great civilizations of ancient southern Mexico and Central America - or Mesoamerica - where names such as Olmec, Maya, Zapotec, Mixtec, Toltec, Tarascan and Aztec are written into a 3500-year history, left distinct fingerprints on the cultures of the Indians of the deserts of the southwestern U. S. and northern Mexico. (juliarauchfrei.at)
  • Although not without conflict or slavery , Euro-Canadians' early interactions with First Nations and Inuit populations were relatively noncombative compared to the often violent battles between colonists and native peoples in the United States . (en-academic.com)
  • Introduction of new pathogens or a technological differential between colonists and natives, are just two possible ways to achieve this. (blogspot.com)
  • 1789 Correspondence between President George Washington and Secretary of War George Knox reveals a desire to "civilize" Indians via missionaries, while also dealing with Indians via treaties and military means. (howtopasstheged.com)
  • Aware of the growing number of native peoples who belonged to communities that had neither signed treaties with the United States nor been the specific objects of federal legislation, Congress in early October established a set of guidelines for the "Federal Acknowledgment of Indian Tribes" that had not been officially recognized by the government in the past as Indian. (michaelleroyoberg.com)
  • Due to limited space in an article you could not write about all of the various treatments towards First Nations, Metis, Inuit, Native American and other Indigenous people. (crcna.org)
  • The term First Nations (most often used in the plural) has come into general use for the indigenous peoples of the Americas located in what is now Canada, except for the Arctic -situated Inuit, and peoples of mixed European-First Nations ancestry called Métis . (en-academic.com)
  • In addition, portions of Main Street and Sandy Pond Road are believed to follow the vast network of trails used by Native peoples for trade, travel and communication. (wikipedia.org)
  • The influx of English settlers also led to competition for land and resources and efforts to subjugate and assimilate the Native peoples. (wikipedia.org)
  • Ilex guayusa (Aquifoliaceae): Amazon and Andean Native Plant 30 What are the 3 main groups of indigenous peoples? (juliarauchfrei.at)
  • We now know from DNA studies that the ancestors of these native peoples were essentially all derived from Asia. (irr.org)
  • For the next fifty years the British and the French fought several wars for control of the Abenaki homeland, even though it belonged to the Native peoples of the area. (encyclopedia.com)
  • They were one of the Arawak peoples of South America, and the Taíno language was a member of the Arawakan language family of northern South America. (vazenterprises.com)
  • You may be of Indian descent, but you are not Indigenous peoples unless we say you are, the statute declares. (michaelleroyoberg.com)
  • North American indigenous peoples have cultures spanning thousands of years. (en-academic.com)
  • Might the newcomers' ways, including their religious beliefs and practices, have also been altered amid their myriad contacts with native peoples? (caldwell.edu)
  • Diverse in their languages and customs, the Native American peoples of the Great Lakes region--the Miamis, Ho-Chunks, Potawatomis, Ojibwas, and many others--shared a tumultuous history. (caldwell.edu)
  • Living through epidemics, warfare, economic change, and physical dispossession, survivors from these peoples came together in new locations, especially the eighteenth-century Susquehanna and Ohio River valleys. (caldwell.edu)
  • This unique reader presents a broad approach to the study of American Indians through the voices and viewpoints of the Native Peoples themselves. (caldwell.edu)
  • Indo-European expansion, for instance, has some elements of that probably, but it took several milennia (actually American conquest was just the last stage of it, even if thise IEs had almost not R1a, after many prior stages of "mestizage" and aculturation) and mostly conquered peoples at similar technological level, and at much higher demographic densities. (blogspot.com)
  • Three state-recognized tribes of Nipmuc, descended from the remnant communities that survived the epidemics and King Philip's War, include the Chaubunagungamaug Nipmuck of Webster, Massachusetts, the Hassanamisco Nipmuc of Grafton, Massachusetts and the Natick Massachusett-Nipmuc, a Massachusett people of partial Nipmuc ancestry. (wikipedia.org)
  • Native American tribes have long been skeptical of attempts to collect their DNA. (juliarauchfrei.at)
  • Aberginian - A collective term used by the early settlers on Massachusetts Bay for the tribes to the north. (legendsofamerica.com)
  • Some historians believe that the ancestors of the tribes making up the Abenaki confederacy first arrived in North America about three thousand years ago. (encyclopedia.com)
  • The Taíno were historically enemies of the neighboring Carib tribes, another group with origins in South America, who lived principally in the Lesser Antilles. (vazenterprises.com)
  • 10,000 BC to 1492 Native Americans form numerous distinct tribes throughout North America. (howtopasstheged.com)
  • Signed by President Andrew Jackson, this act amounts to ethnic cleansing by providing for the removal of Native-American tribes east of the Mississippi River to reservations west of that river. (howtopasstheged.com)
  • These tribes became the Native Americans of the United States, tribes that over the years became, as Silko says, lazy and complacent and too occupied "with the white man's toys"-television, gambling, alcohol, and drugs. (enotes.com)
  • Wounded Knee Massacre (1890), where Natives were ordered to surrender their weapons. (crcna.org)
  • By 1890, the Native-American population is reduced to 250,000. (howtopasstheged.com)
  • 1890 Lakota Indians are massacred at Battle of Wounded Knee, ending over a century of "Indian Wars" between westward-expanding white settlers and Native-American resisters. (howtopasstheged.com)
  • 1890 Indian Boarding Schools, established by the United States government, attempt to "Christianize" and assimilate Native Americans. (howtopasstheged.com)
  • In mid-February, Anderson learned that every man at Kamloops had been laid low by the measles, and 35 Natives [First Nations] had died. (nancymargueriteanderson.com)
  • The measles epidemic had begun months earlier in the Columbia district, and the results had severe implications for all the posts west of the Rocky Mountains. (nancymargueriteanderson.com)
  • The measles epidemic had arrived at Sutter's Post, on the Sacramento River, in spring 1847. (nancymargueriteanderson.com)
  • Once it reached the Columbia district, however, the measles combined with dysentery, which had come west with the Americans who travelled west over the Oregon Trail. (nancymargueriteanderson.com)
  • The end result of the measles epidemic was, of course, the Cayuse War, which, in early 1848, turned the entire Columbia basin into a war zone. (nancymargueriteanderson.com)
  • So of course I write about the measles/dysentery epidemic in The York Factory Express , as it appeared to Thomas Lowe in 1847 when he brought the incoming express down to Fort Vancouver. (nancymargueriteanderson.com)
  • In late October, at Fort Nez Percés, he wrote: "We found the Measles very prevalent, the Indians were dying in great numbers. (nancymargueriteanderson.com)
  • The measles and dysentery travelled up the north west coast and entered New Caledonia by the First Nations grease trails. (nancymargueriteanderson.com)
  • The PRS Project has identified interventions in its Compendium of Evidence-Based Interventions and Best Practices for HIV Prevention tailored for African American people, Asian people, Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islander people, and Hispanic/Latino people. (cdc.gov)
  • Yacon is gaining attention around the world for its numerous health benefits, but it has long been consumed by the indigenous people of South America. (juliarauchfrei.at)
  • Around the early 1500s people in Europe heard rumors of a wealthy Native city called "Norumbega," which was said to be located in northern Maine. (encyclopedia.com)
  • It felt funny knowing that many people claim some Cherokee ancestry. (americanindianadoptees.com)
  • Moreover, people of American Indian, African, and European ancestry have been connected with Maryland's Jesuit plantations throughout their history. (brill.com)
  • While the name of a particular individual may seem inconsequential, George Mingo's presence at St. Inigoes raises numerous questions about the role of people of American Indian and African descent-and indeed the challenges of applying contemporary ethnic or racial categories using documentary evidence 2 -in the Jesuits' Maryland Mission. (brill.com)
  • If it seems surprising to you that the American Cancer Society -- which claims to be against cancer -- would dissuade people from taking supplements that slash their cancer risk by 77 percent, then you don't know much about the ACS. (naturalnews.com)
  • The problem is this: if you begin the day by acknowledging that your country, your society, and people of your ancestry are particularly egregious, this is a sure route to self-doubt, impotence and societal failure. (spectator.co.uk)
  • Many in the US seem to have no clue just how much of a 'city on a hill' the US is still perceived to be, and how important that American beacon is to millions of people living under autocratic regimes. (spectator.co.uk)
  • The European's description of the native people was not just a stereotype, or simple innocent opinion because they had not met the inhabitants yet. (crcna.org)
  • African American is a term often used for people of African descent with ancestry in North America. (empoweringtransgenderserices.org)
  • 10,000 BC Native Americans originate from a migration of people from Siberia to Alaska over a land bridge, which is now the Bering Sea. (howtopasstheged.com)
  • There is no historical law mandating that a constitution must last forever and, with the civic illiteracy of the American people, I sometimes feel like our time is nearly up. (michaelleroyoberg.com)
  • As individuals, First Nations people are officially recognized by the Government of Canada by the terms "registered Indians" or "status Indians" only if they are listed on the Indian Register and are thus entitled to benefits under the Indian Act . (en-academic.com)
  • Almanac of the Dead chronicles an incredibly corrupt and depraved legacy handed down by the United States in the twentieth century, a legacy that in Silko's view sums up the white man's treatment of the Native American people. (enotes.com)
  • people that did not agree with the Aztecs, that did not have the same bloodlust, fled North. (enotes.com)
  • Does the Chief mean that white people would kill the "marauding" Indians? (bluecorncomics.com)
  • In colonial times, Cuban Native American people were replaced by European settlers and slaves from Africa. (blogspot.com)
  • Strikingly, no Native American lineages were found for the Y-chromosome, for which the Eurasian and African contributions were around 80% and 20%, respectively. (blogspot.com)
  • The interior and western coastal regions of northern Canada and Alaska are the homes of a wide variety of North American Indian, lin- guistically distinct groups, including the Athabaskan, Eyak, Tlingit, Gwich'in, and Metis. (cdc.gov)
  • They must demonstrate as well that the members of the community had inhabited a specific area or that they live "in a community viewed as American Indian and distinct from other populations in the area. (michaelleroyoberg.com)
  • While Native American author Leslie Marmon Silko was writing it, she told an interviewer that it was a "long and complex novel" with "five or six distinct narrative lines" that was "hard to even tell about [it]. (enotes.com)
  • 1492 Christopher Columbus "discovers" America (landing in the Caribbean). (howtopasstheged.com)
  • The French explorer Daniel Greysolon Sieur du Lhut included them in a list of nations living north of Lake Superior in 1684. (legendsofamerica.com)
  • By 1675, the peace between the English settlers and the Native Americans was broken with the uprising of the Wampanoag sachem Metacomet. (wikipedia.org)
  • While the Native Americans were away from their New England territory, white settlers took over the land. (encyclopedia.com)
  • What the Europeans, settlers, government, church, and military did towards Native Americans was not a mistake due to lack of knowledge or experience. (crcna.org)
  • Since the days of wealthy planters in Virginia, almost 500 years ago, Native Americans have been a problem for settlers. (crcna.org)
  • 1812 Chief Tecumseh's Shawnee tribe sides with the British in the War of 1812 in an effort to halt westward expansion of American settlers. (howtopasstheged.com)
  • 1845 The term "Manifest Destiny" is coined by journalist John L. O'Sullivan to advocate the expansion of white settlers across the American continent. (howtopasstheged.com)
  • D. Religion: Because of the unique haplogroups for Native Americans who preceded European contact, Y-line is the only way to positively confirm that a specific line is or is not of Native American descent. (juliarauchfrei.at)
  • In Alaska the collective termi- nology for persons of indigenous ancestry is Alaska Native. (cdc.gov)
  • 272) Black/African American Hispanic/Latino‡ White Multiple Races American Indian/ Alaska Native Asian Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander Transgender Women (N=554) 9% (50) 5% (26) 2% (11) 2% (10) 1% (3) Total may not equal 100% due to rounding. (empoweringtransgenderserices.org)
  • Although heavy losses were inflicted on both sides, the English won and executed a vast number of Indians or sold them into slavery in the West Indies. (wikipedia.org)
  • 26 Many died in war and slavery, but millions died in epidemics. (juliarauchfrei.at)
  • Slavery became integrally tied to New York's economy through the labor of slaves throughout the port, and absolute angels bangkok escorts erotic adult escorts and callgirls banks and shipping tied to the American South. (ac-eg.com)
  • America is clearly in denial about its conquest of Turtle Island. (americanindianadoptees.com)
  • According to the Doctrine of Discovery (1452), the destiny of the inhabitants of Turtle Island -the Indigenous term for North America-was already doomed. (crcna.org)
  • Ilex guayusa Loes (Aquifoliaceae) is native to the Andean Amazon (Colombia, Ecuador, and Perù) commonly known as guayusa. (juliarauchfrei.at)
  • Died from the Flu during the 1918 flu epidemic, now commonly referred to as the Spanish Flu Pandemic. (littletownmart.com)
  • 1607 According to history and/or legend, the Native American Princess Pocahontas saves Captain John Smith from death at the hands of her father Chief Powhatan in Jamestown, Virginia. (howtopasstheged.com)
  • In the case of the American Indians, essentially all of their mitochondrial lineages fall into one of five major families: A, B, C, D, or X, none of which were derived from a recent migration from Israel. (irr.org)
  • If we go back twenty generations in an American Indian's pedigree chart, it is extremely likely that those same five lineages will occupy virtually all the million-odd ancestral slots. (irr.org)
  • RESULTS: The Native American contribution to present-day Cubans accounted for 33% of the maternal lineages, whereas Africa and Eurasia contributed 45% and 22% of the lineages, respectively. (blogspot.com)
  • CONCLUSIONS: While the ancestral Native American substrate is still appreciable in the maternal lineages, the extensive process of population admixture in Cuba has left no trace of the paternal Native American lineages, mirroring the strong sexual bias in the admixture processes taking place during colonial times. (blogspot.com)
  • 1947 Office of Indian Affairs renamed Bureau of Indian Affairs under the Department of the Interior. (howtopasstheged.com)
  • The "acknowledgment" statute required that an Indian tribe, in order to be formally recognized as such by the Interior Department and the Bureau of Indian Affairs, must demonstrate that they have "been identified from historical times until the present on a substantially continuous basis as 'American Indian,' or 'aboriginal. (michaelleroyoberg.com)
  • Archaeological sites associated with the Maryland Mission/ Province bear similarities to Jesuit mission sites in New France as well as plantations in Latin America and the Caribbean. (brill.com)
  • For much of the 15th century, the Taíno tribe was being driven to the northeast in the Caribbean (out of what is now South America) because of raids by the Carib. (vazenterprises.com)
  • The Arawakan language family is made up of languages that were present throughout the Caribbean, and much of Central and South America. (vazenterprises.com)
  • Scholars suggest there was substantial mestizaje (racial and cultural mixing) in Cuba`, as well, and several Indian pueblos that survived into the 19th century. (vazenterprises.com)
  • ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Before the arrival of Europeans to Cuba, the island was inhabited by two Native American groups, the Tainos and the Ciboneys. (blogspot.com)
  • This Native American substrate in Cuba cannot be traced back to a single origin within the American continent, as previously suggested by ancient DNA analyses. (blogspot.com)
  • In Cuba at least, the natives were wiped out in few generations, almost regardless of gender. (blogspot.com)
  • According to the personal manuscripts of Justice Samuel Sewall, best known for his controversial role in the Salem witch trials, he was told sometime in 1698 by Hanah, wife of Sachem Ahaton of the Ponkapoag Massachusett tribe, that the name was actually Nunnacoquis (modern Wôpanâak Massachusett dialect Nunahkuqees /nənahkəkʷiːs/) and signified 'an Indian earthen pot' although literally refers to a 'small dry earthen pot. (wikipedia.org)
  • By 1837 the entire tribe had dwindled to a few individuals of mixed Indian and African blood. (legendsofamerica.com)
  • As we trace back our origins as humans, our ancestry merges with those of other primates. (libcom.org)
  • LDS beliefs about American Indian ancestry fall squarely into the scientific field of anthropology. (irr.org)
  • These Native Americans were among the most familiar to Euro-colonials for more than two centuries. (caldwell.edu)
  • All mestizos had European Y-DNA and Native mtDNA since the very beginning: the opposite was not concievable (and anyhow very few European women migrated to America, specially in the first centuries). (blogspot.com)
  • You are telling the tale of a modern nation invading stone age ones (chalcolithic at most) and pouring immigrants across the ocean for four or more centuries (plus the epidemic shock). (blogspot.com)
  • Famous resisters of Norman, then English colonisation, they led the struggles of the native Irish, particularly through the terrible years of the16th and early17th centuries. (ireland101.com)
  • Expropriations and depredations of the latter meant that this most rebellious native sept were reduced in status and scattered wide (recorded in the Fiants for the late 16th and early 17th centuries). (ireland101.com)
  • Being a Native person means everything to me but my birthfather Earl did not live in ancestral territory or on the Cherokee reservations in Oklahoma or the Carolinas. (americanindianadoptees.com)
  • Rumor has it its their natural instincts that cause these Hungarian natives to want to stick close to their owner as, during the hunt, wandering out of sight could be deadly. (petguide.com)
  • When Europeans first arrived on this continent, Algonquian languages were spoken from the northeastern seaboard through the Great Lakes region, across much of Canada, and even in scattered communities of the American West. (caldwell.edu)
  • This volume provides insight into the family life of Native Americans of the northeast quadrant of the North American continent and those living in the adjacent coastal and piedmont regions. (caldwell.edu)
  • The Praying Indians, the inhabitants of the Praying towns such as Nashoba, were rounded up by English colonial militias and sent to Deer Island, where most froze or starved to death. (wikipedia.org)
  • He began teaching Indians to read and write, and to train as missionaries and teachers. (wikipedia.org)
  • Historians have long been aware that the encounter with Europeans affected all aspects of Native American life. (caldwell.edu)
  • Seventeenth-century Indians from the Delaware and lower Hudson valleys organized their lives around small-scale groupings of kin and communities. (caldwell.edu)
  • The Blue Ridge Mountains along the eastern border reach some of the highest elevations in eastern North America, and the Cumberland Plateau contains many scenic valleys and waterfalls. (agreatertown.com)
  • They were reported by the Canadian Indian Office to number 450 in 1878, after which date they are not officially mentioned. (legendsofamerica.com)
  • After Warren had been accused of misrepresenting herself as a partially Native American (not officially documented), she explained that her identify as part of her family history was Cherokee and Delaware. (themumbaicity.com)
  • The populations of these countries comprise varying proportions of European and indigenous ancestry. (cdc.gov)
  • Its name derives from "Tanasi", a Cherokee town in the eastern part of the state that existed before the first European American settlement. (agreatertown.com)
  • Additional Health Support Information: Emotional, cultural, and professional support services are also available to Survivors and their families through the Indian Residential Schools Resolution Health Support Program. (americanindianadoptees.com)
  • Believing he has discovered a western passage to India, Columbus is credited with calling Native Americans "Indians. (howtopasstheged.com)
  • Nashoba was one of fourteen communities in the colony established for the Indian converts, where they came to meld English and traditional ways. (wikipedia.org)
  • The Native Americans began to congregate into a smaller number of communities. (wikipedia.org)
  • Through the Minority HIV/AIDS Research (MARI) program, CDC is building capacity for HIV epidemiologic and prevention research in mostly African American and Hispanic/Latino communities and among African American and Hispanic/Latino investigators working in disproportionately affected communities. (cdc.gov)
  • I wrote about recognition and acknowledgment in Native America but will have to update that section completely when it comes time to prepare the third edition. (michaelleroyoberg.com)
  • 3 The question scientists are asking is: "Who are the ancestors of the American Indians? (irr.org)
  • As of March 2006, 8,223 American Indians have been DNA tested in scientific experiments aimed at discovering where their founding ancestors came from. (irr.org)
  • Most LDS adherents believe, and all the LDS prophets have taught, that Israelites are the principal ancestors of the American Indians. (irr.org)
  • This includes longstanding successful programs and new efforts funded through the Ending the HIV Epidemic in the U.S. initiative. (cdc.gov)
  • GFG's Acción Andina Initiative is a Latin-American led, forest landscape restoration initiative aiming to protect and restore one million hectares of high Andean, native forest ecosystems in Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Venezuela over the next 25 years. (juliarauchfrei.at)
  • Silko claims that the stories came to her through Native American spirits when she began thinking about writing the work. (enotes.com)
  • Just then, three animalistic "spirits" appear to lead the Indians to "cleanse this sacred land of the white menace. (bluecorncomics.com)
  • Because of their mistakes and stereotypes, American Eagle deduces that the spirits are white men in disguise. (bluecorncomics.com)
  • Or does the Chief mean the angry "spirits" and Indians would discredit the Navajo Nation and "finish" it that way? (bluecorncomics.com)
  • Arctic populations have historically endured the debili- way, Finland, Sweden, and the Russian Federation (Figure tating effects of both endemic and epidemic infectious 1). (cdc.gov)
  • After an avalanche of alcohol, then an ever-increasing supply of new (sometimes) illegal drugs, reservations are facing new epidemics: fetal-alcohol syndrome, high suicide rates, drug addictions, crack cocaine, arrests, high prison populations and more than their fair share of domestic violence. (americanindianadoptees.com)
  • Most of the present archaeological, linguistic and ancient DNA evidence indicates a South American origin for these populations. (blogspot.com)
  • The process in the greater antilles is not 100% extrapolable to the mainland though, where some native populations were much more resistent (because of several factors, specially population density). (blogspot.com)
  • Because Native Americans believe that history is experienced through storytelling and that time is circular (defined by experiences that do not occur linearly), dates and chronology are not important in the novel. (enotes.com)
  • King nodded to her, placed the text of his speech aside, and veered off-script, delivering extemporaneously what is referred to as the "I Have a Dream" speech, one of the most famous orations in American history. (erlc.com)
  • I don't know anything about Cuban history, but is it possible that the native males were eliminated or died off? (blogspot.com)
  • Stories handed down through the generations say she was 1/2 Indian (1/2 French and 1/2 Indian). (littletownmart.com)
  • For 175 years the leaders and general membership of the Mormon Church have believed American Indians and Polynesians are descended from Israelites based on their understanding of the Book of Mormon. (irr.org)
  • For more than 100 years, Indian Country has been dealing with weakened immune systems, sugar diabetes, amputations and heart disease. (americanindianadoptees.com)
  • 1754 - 1763 French and Indian War (Seven Years' War). (howtopasstheged.com)
  • Entertaining and enlightening interviews with some of today's most important Native Americans.In these lively and informative interviews, noted ethnohistorian and international consultant Joëlle Rostkowski brings to light major developments in the Native American experience over the last thirty years. (caldwell.edu)
  • A few years later, in 1836-1837, large parties of emigrant Boers settled north of the Orange, and before long disputes arose between them and Moshesh, who claimed a great part of the land on which the white farmers had settled. (yourdictionary.com)
  • He was a professor at the Boston University School of Medicine for many years and became the first practicing African American psychiatrist. (selectsurnames.com)
  • The characteristic length of tracts of human-specialist ancestry present on a generalist genetic background in Kumasi and Ouagadougou suggests the change in behavior occurred during rapid urbanization over the last 20-40 years. (bvsalud.org)
  • The Indians who live on the banks of the Uaupés River and its tributaries - the Tiquié, Papuri, Querari and other minor rivers - today belong to 17 ethnic groups, many of which also live in Colombia, in the Uaupés and Apaporis river basins (tributary of the Japurá), the principal tributary of which is the Pira-Paraná River. (socioambiental.org)
  • Named after an offensive and degrading stereotype of African Americans, Jim Crow laws were a collection of state and local statutes that enforced racial segregation in the Southern United States. (erlc.com)
  • Archaeological evidence of Indian missions in Maryland-however fragmented-contributes to a narrative of the Maryland mission that is at odds with prevailing nineteenth- and twentieth-century histories. (brill.com)
  • This doctrine allowed for racial segregation so long as facilities were "equal," though in reality, they were often inferior for African Americans. (erlc.com)
  • After listening to lectures about Amy Coney Barrett's pious devotion to a fringy and mean-spirited variant of Catholicism, one of her first acts on the Supreme Court was to defy the Pope and the Gospel's call to mercy and send to the death chamber an African American man tried by an all-white jury. (michaelleroyoberg.com)
  • The incident precedes others that occurred later during the 1890s, part of a pattern of intimidating African American laborers in Arkansas. (encyclopediaofarkansas.net)
  • A renowned preacher and the founder of the Church of God in Christ (COGIC), the largest African American Pentecostal denomination of the twentieth century, Charles Harrison "Bishop" Mason ordained both black and white clergy in the early 1900s, when few did so. (encyclopediaofarkansas.net)
  • The Wippanap were the Abenaki , while the Tarratine were the same Indians or a part of them. (legendsofamerica.com)
  • [ 17 ] A band is a legally recognized "body of Indians for whose collective use and benefit lands have been set apart or money is held by the Canadian Crown , or declared to be a band for the purposes of the Indian Act. (en-academic.com)
  • The population of Native Americans has been estimated to be as low as two million to as high as eighteen million at this time. (howtopasstheged.com)
  • To a Euro-American reader, the novel's multiple settings might seem disorganized and haphazard, yet in the Native American circular time frame it makes sense. (enotes.com)
  • A short time later, Mansfield corresponded with fellow Kentucky native and noted Arkansas politician and attorney David Walker in Fayetteville (Washington County) about possible opportunities in the legal field within the state. (encyclopediaofarkansas.net)
  • A candid, poetic account of childhood and young manhood through the eyes of a Native American, this vivid narrative is destined to become a central moral text for our time. (caldwell.edu)
  • Most groups, including the JNC, the American Diabetes Associate (ADA), and the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association (AHA/ASA) recommend lifestyle modification as the first step in managing hypertension. (medscape.com)
  • Americans, American Indians and Alaska Natives, Asian Americans and Pacific Island- ers, and Hispanics -- patterns of tobacco use, adverse health effects, and the effective- ness of interventions need to be understood in terms of tobacco's cultural and socio- economic effects on the members of these groups. (cdc.gov)
  • This report describes the complex factors that play a part in the growing epidemic of diseases caused by tobacco use in these four groups. (cdc.gov)
  • After their removal to the Indian Territory, Abihka refugees established a ceremonial stomp dance ground near Henryetta, Oklahoma . (legendsofamerica.com)
  • To add insult to injury, high-sugar, high-fat commodities and processed foods are boxed and delivered by truckloads to each reservation, compliments of the American government. (americanindianadoptees.com)
  • To these must be added two Scottish names, given the high numbers in the north of Ireland (see below British/Scottish origin 1 and Scottish Gaelic origin 3, respectively. (ireland101.com)
  • Literally millions of Americans, myself included, take it every day. (mendosa.com)
  • A slave state until the American Civil War, Tennessee was politically divided, with its western and middle parts supporting the Confederacy and the eastern region harboring pro-Union sentiment. (agreatertown.com)