Enzyme induction. Medical search. FAQ

However, the extent of induction of these detoxication enzymes in the nrf 2 knockout mouse is variable, suggesting gene-specific effects. (elsevier.com)

Administration of chemopreventive agents to wildtype mice can result in marked induction of hepatic and intestinal GST and NQO. (elsevier.com)

Hayes, John D. / The Nrf2 transcription factor regulates basal expression of class alpha and class Mu glutathione S-transferases in the mouse, but not necessarily their induction by cancer chemopreventive agents . (elsevier.com)

We hypothesize that these enhanced detoxification enzyme levels may partly explain the epidemiological association between a high intake of glucosinolates (cruciferous vegetables) and a decreased risk of colorectal cancer. (tudelft.nl)
Phenobarbital (PB) represents a class of inducers in which the effect on detoxification is part of a pleiotropic response that includes liver hypertrophy, tumor promotion, and induction or repression of multiple genes, in addition to genes coding for enzymes or transporters that regulate drug disposition. (aspetjournals.org)
Sulforaphane, derived from cruciferous vegetables, is the most potent known inducer of phase II enzymes involved in the detoxification of xenobiotics. (greenmedinfo.com)
The importance of MAP kinases in phase II detoxification enzyme induction is exemplified by the fact that inhibitory studies using chemical agents and/or generation of dominant negative mutants significantly reduced the expression of phase II detoxification enzymes. (doctorabel.us)
Broccoli and its phytochemical sulforaphane activate detoxification enzymes that may protect against polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon induced toxicity. (greenmedinfo.com)
Chemoprotection has established itself as a "major arm" in the "war against cancer" and induction of phase 2 detoxification enzymes as an effective strategy. (dundee.ac.uk)

Sulforaphane and broccoli sprout extract potently induce quinone reductase activity in cultured prostate cells, and this induction appears to be mediated by increased transcription of the NQO-1 gene. (aacrjournals.org)
These compounds, along with troglitazone, were evaluated for the ability to induce cytochrome P450 enzymes (P450) in primary human hepatocyte cultures and to inhibit P450 in human microsomes. (aspetjournals.org)
modafinil was evaluated for its ability to induce the activities of cytochrome P450 enzymes, including ethoxyresorufin O -deethylase, pentoxyresorufin O -dealkylase, S -mephenytoin 4′-hydroxylase, dextromethorphan O -demethylase, nifedipine oxidase, and lauric acid hydroxylase. (aspetjournals.org)
At concentrations (10 and/or 100 μM) approximating those achieved clinically, modafinil was found to induce ethoxyresorufin O -deethylase and nifedipine oxidase activities in human hepatocytes, although the extent of induction observed was less than that obtained in mice, rats, or dogs and less than those produced by known inducers of these cytochrome P450 enzymes. (aspetjournals.org)
return to Enyzme induction is an increase in enzyme concentration caused by a drug or Carbamazepine is a drug which can induce its own ENZYME INDUCTION AND INHIBITION - University of Aucklandhttps://flexiblelearning.auckland.ac.nz/medsci303/7/files/ enzyme Carbamazepine 79 4.5. (observatoriojyd.org)
In addition, barbiturates induce other enzymes, notably δ-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) synthetase. (openanesthesia.org)
In this study, we examined in microglia the ability of LPS to induce interleukin-1β-converting enzyme (ICE), the protease responsible for processing proIL-1β to its mature biologically active form. (illinois.edu)
Orally administered compounds will induce modestly phase 2 enzyme activity in the prostate although the significance of this degree of induction is unknown. (biomedcentral.com)
Binding of perfectly matching molecule would induce conformational changes of enzyme, causing catalysis. (wikibooks.org)

The induction of the microsomal enzymes has been demonstrated in many different species including humans, and in various different tissues as well as the liver. (europeanmedical.info)

The mean activities of microsomal CYP1A2, CYP2B6, and CYP3A4/5 from modafinil-treated hepatocytes were higher (up to 2-fold) than those in the solvent-treated controls but were less than those produced by reference inducers of these enzymes. (aspetjournals.org)
However, there are several types of induction which can be differentiated, and within some of these types inducers show certain structural similarities. (europeanmedical.info)
Inhibition of p38 activity increased the level of ARE reporter gene activity by several enzyme inducers including sulforaphane (146). (doctorabel.us)
Chemical Inducers in Priming the Induction of Defense Enzymes and Phenols in Banana and Resistance to Soft Rot Disease Caused by Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. (ijcmas.com)
Besides, chemical inducers induced defense enzymes viz. (ijcmas.com)

Bioavailability of cyclosporine with concomitant rifampin administration is markedly less than predicted by hepatic enzyme induction. (nih.gov)
Serum bilirubin and hepatic enzyme induction. (bmj.com)

The use of the Company's immortalized cell lines permits standardization of CYP induction assays, facilitates comparison of historical data , and eliminates the problem of limited supply and organ donor variability that restrict the use of primary human liver cells for enzyme induction studies. (thefreedictionary.com)
In vitro analyses of hBRM- and different BRG1-containing enzymes reveal many similarities in chromatin remodeling assays ( 39 ). (asm.org)
We are delighted to announce the release of induction and inhibiton assays for UGT enzymes. (admescope.com)
UGT inhibition and induction assays are available for UGT1A1, UGT1A9 and UGT2B7 enzymes, and are performed with recombinant enzymes, HepaRG™ cells, or cryopreserved hepatocytes, together with LC/MS/MS analysis of the model reaction metabolites. (admescope.com)

We used primary cultures of human hepatocytes from 15 subjects to assess the inducibility of CYP2C enzyme expression by prototypical inducer agents, including rifampicin, dexamethasone, and phenobarbital. (aspetjournals.org)
After culture for 72 h in serum-free medium on collagen, Western blotting revealed that CYP2C9 was the only CYP2C enzyme expressed at appreciable levels in untreated hepatocytes. (aspetjournals.org)
Our results show that CYP2C enzyme expression in human hepatocytes is highly inducible by rifampicin, dexamethasone, and phenobarbital. (aspetjournals.org)
The potential for induction of CYP activity was evaluated by exposing primary cultures of human hepatocytes to modafinil (10-300 μM). (aspetjournals.org)
Secondly, in hepatocytes from chick embryo in primary monolayer culture, induction of cytochrome P-450-haemoproteins was markedly influenced by changes in the proliferative activity of hepatocytes. (unibas.ch)
With over 20 years of experience, we have all the high quality reagents that meet your in vitro ADME study needs, from Gentest™ Supersome™ recombinant metabolic enzymes to primary hepatocytes. (corning.com)

In this study, we have shown that NGF mediates the specific induction of the key enzymes in catecholamine biosynthesis, tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), dopamine-beta-hydroxylase (DBH), and phenylethanolamine-N-methyltransferase (PNMT). (jneurosci.org)
ODC is the initial rate-limiting enzyme in polyamine biosynthesis within the cell. (wikipedia.org)

The induction process depends on the half-life of the induced enzyme, the pharmacokinetics of the inducing agent, and the relationship between the inducer's concentration and the induction stimulus. (diva-portal.org)
A model was developed describing the changes in the pharmacokinetics of clomethiazole and its metabolite NLA-715, that are attributable to carbamazepine induction. (diva-portal.org)
In the first of these, the pharmacokinetics of the autoinducing drug phenobarbital and its effect on several enzymes were described in rats. (diva-portal.org)
Purpose: This study was conducted to determine whether vigabatrin affects in vivo indices of hepatic microsomal enzyme activity and the pharmacokinetics of steroid oral contraceptives in healthy subjects. (elsevier.com)

This result is evidence for a regulatory mechanism for angiotensin converting enzyme, which is important in blood pressure control. (sciencemag.org)
Although many investigations have been done in this regard, only a little is known about the induction and repression mechanism of this hydrolytic enzyme. (ajol.info)
The molecular mechanism of the induction response remains incompletely understood. (aspetjournals.org)
Mechanism of corticotropin and cAMP induction of mitochondrial cytochrome P450 system enzymes in adrenal cortex cells. (zenodo.org)
The general mechanism by which enzymes work is by reducing the energy required to start the reaction, otherwise known as the activation energy. (wikibooks.org)
The mechanism how enzymes work is done by lowering the activation energy of the reaction which the specific enzyme is to catalyse. (wikibooks.org)

It was concluded that C5a and C5a desarg may play a role in lung injury by interactions with AM, inducing the secretion of acid hydrolases and proteolytic enzymes that can cause tissue damage, and by regulating the influx of other inflammatory cells into the interstitium and air spaces. (jimmunol.org)
Eukaryotic cells have evolved two classes of enzymes that can alter chromatin structure to control accessibility to the transcriptional machinery. (asm.org)
We studied the kinetics of ACTH induction of mitochondrial P450scc, P450c11 and their electron transport proteins, adrenodoxin, and adrenodoxin reductase in bovine adrenal cortex cells in primary culture. (zenodo.org)
Exposure of the cells to ACTH for 1-2 h was sufficient for maximal induction of the enzymes and P450scc mRNA. (zenodo.org)
The absence of any effect of prolonged cAMP pulses on enzyme and mRNA levels weakens the previous hypothesis that cAMP is the sole second messenger for the ACTH induction of steroidogenic enzymes in adrenal cortex cells. (zenodo.org)

The role of enzyme induction on metabolite formation of bis(2- methoxyethyl) ether in the rat. (cdc.gov)

However, in calendar 2006, we assume XenoTech will begin penetrating the enzyme induction market by selling product for an assumed ASP of $600. (thefreedictionary.com)

A combination of process engineering and random mutagenesis of fungal species has greatly improved hydrolytic enzyme production from industrial strains ( 3 ). (pnas.org)

Damage to the liver is not due to the drug itself but to a toxic metabolite ( N -acetyl- p -benzoquinone imine (NAPQI)) produced by cytochrome P-450 enzymes in the liver. (wikipedia.org)

The lysosomal enzyme secretion was accompanied by increased pinocytosis and release of proteolytic enzymes from the macrophages. (jimmunol.org)
Moreover, the TNF-α-TNF-Rp55 axis can promote thrombus resolution by inducing macrophages to express Plau, Mmp2 , and Mmp9 , the proteolytic enzymes that are crucial to collagenolysis and neovascularization ( 18 ). (frontiersin.org)

Rogan, EG , Mailander, P & Cavalieri, E 1976, ' Metabolic activation of aromatic hydrocarbons in purified rat liver nuclei: induction of enzyme activities and binding to DNA with and without monooxygenase catalyzed formation of active oxygen ', Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America , vol. 73, no. 2, pp. 457-461. (elsevier.com)

(biomedcentral.com)

We report here that induction of the PPARγ activator and adipogenesis forced by overexpression of adipogenic regulatory proteins is blocked upon expression of dominant-negative BRG1 or hBRM, the ATPase subunits of distinct SWI/SNF chromatin-remodeling enzymes. (asm.org)
These include histone-modifying enzymes, which posttranslationally modify the N-terminal and C-terminal domains (CTDs) of the individual histone proteins that comprise the nucleosome, and ATP-dependent chromatin-remodeling enzymes, which alter structure by disrupting the histone:DNA contacts of the nucleosome, thereby altering nucleosome conformation and, in some cases, altering the position of the histone octamer along the DNA (reviewed in references 28 , 42 , and 46 ). (asm.org)
Histones are nucleoproteins, the HAT1 subfamily proteins are both cytoplasmic enzymes that acetylate newly synthesized histone proteins. (russky.me)
Majority of functional enzymes are proteins, like trypsin, fumarase or papain. (wikibooks.org)
Model enzymes are monomeric, globular proteins. (wikibooks.org)

Prostate cancer is characterized by an early and near universal loss of expression of the phase 2 enzyme glutathione S -transferase (GST)-π. (aacrjournals.org)

however, additional induction of Nqo1 was still achievable following treatment with the Nrf2 activator OPZ. (nih.gov)
We first demonstrated a role for phase II enzymes in regulating diesel effects by transfecting the airway epithelial cell line (BEAS-2B) with the sentinel phase II enzyme NAD(P)H: quinine oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1). (greenmedinfo.com)
Cytosolic enzyme activities of nicotinamide quinone oxidoreductase (NQO1), total glutathione transferase (using DCNB) and mu-class glutathione transferase (using CDNB) were determined in the treated and control animals and compared. (biomedcentral.com)

Hepatic mRNA levels of drug metabolizing enzymes in experimental NASH. (nih.gov)
The mRNA levels of these enzymes increase and reach a peak within 3-12 h after ACTH addition. (zenodo.org)
Hence, we examined the effect of a pulse of ACTH or cAMP analogs on enzyme and mRNA levels. (zenodo.org)

In the present study, the cadmium's effect on anti-oxidative enzymes in tomato ( Lycopersicon esculentum ) plants was evaluated. (academicjournals.org)

It is concluded that THF enhances tumor formation in male rat kidney and female mouse liver via induction of cell proliferation. (oup.com)

Dexamethasone and prednisone in physiologic range increased angiotensin converting enzyme 7- to 16-fold in comparison to control in 3 days at maximal stimulation (4 nM steroid) in rabbit alveolar macrophages in culture. (sciencemag.org)

Human placental cytochrome P450 and quinone reductase enzyme induction in relation to maternal smoking. (thefreedictionary.com)

The antipyrine kinetics results indicate that permethrin is capable or producing a dose-dependent marked enzyme-inducing effect. (unileon.es)

But, these agents stimulated cortisol secretion to the medium quickly, indicating that they can activate some intracellular processes while not showing any effect on enzyme induction. (zenodo.org)

There are several enzymes present in the liver that function in metabolizing various drugs. (news-medical.net)

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