Enzyme gene. Medical search. Frequent questions

Ubiquitination involves at least three classes of enzymes: ubiquitin-activating enzymes, ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes, and ubiquitin-protein ligases. (nih.gov)
The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the angiotensin-converting enzyme family of dipeptidyl carboxydipeptidases and has considerable homology to human angiotensin 1 converting enzyme. (nih.gov)
Usually when evolution 'fixes' a function in a gene for a protein, it is difficult to tamper with that function without introducing deleterious and sometimes catastrophic effects. (scientificamerican.com)
St. Jude Children's Research Hospital scientists have identified an enzyme that can halt or possibly even reverse the build-up of toxic protein fragments known as plaques in the brains of mice with Alzheimer's disease. (stjude.org)
These studies revealed that loss of NEU1 activity was associated with a build-up in lysosomes of the amyloid precursor protein (APP), which they identified as a natural target of the enzyme. (stjude.org)
Without the enzyme, both APP and the protein fragments that make up plaques accumulated faster in these mice. (stjude.org)
Polymerase Chain Reaction-restriction analysis (PRA) of the gene encoding heat shock protein 65kDA (hsp65) gene has been proposed as a rapid and inexpensive alternative approach. (stir.ac.uk)
This gene provides instructions for making a protein called the iron-sulfur cluster assembly enzyme. (medlineplus.gov)
p>This section provides information about the protein and gene name(s) and synonym(s) and about the organism that is the source of the protein sequence. (uniprot.org)
Results: We identified a β-fructofuranosidase gene (CmINV) from a Ceratocystis moniliformis genome sequence using protein homology and phylogenetic analysis. (sun.ac.za)
The predicted 615 amino acid protein, CmINV, grouped with an existing clade within the glycoside hydrolase (GH) family 32 and showed typical conserved motifs of this enzyme family. (sun.ac.za)
Another striking feature was the relatively high volumetric production of this protein in S. cerevisiae as one mL of supernatant was calculated to contain 197 ± 6 International Units of enzyme. (sun.ac.za)
In vitro experiments have shown that the enzyme has full enzymatic cleavage specificity and exhibits enhanced enzymatic cleavage activity towards gene-engineered fused protein substrates compared to natural enterokinase enzyme, making genetic engineering methods the preferred method of producing enterokinase enzyme. (g-biotec.com)
(b) What is the amino-acid sequence of the corresponding gene product (protein)? (ubc.ca)

Even the subsequent reformulation of the "one gene-one polypeptide" hypothesis is now considered too simple to describe the relationship between genes and proteins. (wikipedia.org)
In a recent perspective in Science (1), a group from the Salk Institute hypothesizes that gene duplication might have played a preponderant role in the evolution of these proteins. (scientificamerican.com)
NEU1 belongs to a family of enzymes in cells whose job is to dismantle and recycle unneeded proteins and other components. (stjude.org)
A shortage of this enzyme prevents the normal production of proteins that contain Fe-S clusters, which disrupts a variety of cellular activities. (medlineplus.gov)
But the virtues formed for surviving changes are as necessary, and the journals of this read Proteins, Enzymes, have permanently that 1275a22, enough resulting - they much are permanently energetic learning and providing for. (rtoproducts.com)
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In addition, natural extraction of enterokinase enzyme is easily contaminated by other proteases, resulting in degradation of the target product during the cutting of fused proteins. (g-biotec.com)
In addition, the heavy chain of EK strongly affects the recognition of enterokinase enzyme for macromolecular substrates, but has no effect on the recognition of synthetic fused proteins or small molecule substrates. (g-biotec.com)
Since the light chain structure of enterokinase enzyme is conserved in humans, cattle, and pigs, the recognition sequence Asp-Asp-Asp-Asp-Lys also has strong conservation in vertebrates, and almost all sequenced trypsinogens have four consecutive N-terminal asparagine residues, which are rare in other natural proteins. (g-biotec.com)
This feature makes EK a useful tool in the post-modification process of gene-engineered fused proteins. (g-biotec.com)
E1 Ubiquitin Activating Enzyme is encoded by this gene catalyzes the first step in ubiquitin conjugation to mark cellular proteins for degradation. (novusbio.com)

The enzyme glutamine synthetase (GS) is involved with pathways that increase the efficiency of nitrogen use. (europa.eu)
For instance, the biosynthetic pathways and enzymes that produce cholesterol in humans are very similar to those producing the steroid ergosterol in fungi. (scientificamerican.com)
The enzymes involved in these pathways often perform a spectacular, elegant dance in which multiple chemical bonds are formed with exquisite timing and selectivity. (scientificamerican.com)
However, their detailed biosynthesis pathways and metabolic regulation, especially complicated regulation mechanism and expressing of genes and enzymes are unknown. (scirp.org)
e.g., amino acids and vitamins ✓ Assuming that many genes interact in a pathway for synthesis of amino acids and other cellular products, Beadle and Tatum then dissected the biochemical pathways. (slideshare.net)
These candidate genes have a role in numerous cellular and physiologic pathways, as wel as in multiple diseases and outcomes of public health importance. (cdc.gov)
This symposium brought together several speakers who addressed specific receptor-mediated signal transduction pathways involved in the regulation of xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes, as well as other molecular mechanisms whereby endogenous factors are involved in controlling tissue- and developmental-specific expression. (arizona.edu)
The goal of our search was to identify publications describing the role of specific genes, gene signatures, or molecular pathways and their effects in response to environmental exposures. (cdc.gov)

The one gene-one enzyme hypothesis is the idea that genes act through the production of enzymes, with each gene responsible for producing a single enzyme that in turn affects a single step in a metabolic pathway. (wikipedia.org)
Thus, Beadle reasoned that each gene was responsible for an enzyme acting in the metabolic pathway of pigment synthesis. (wikipedia.org)
Emergency medications for inborn errors of metabolism (IEMs) in infants and children include drugs to eliminate toxic metabolites and/or amino acids and enzyme cofactors to compensate for metabolic deficiencies. (medscape.com)
The application of knowledge of relative enzymes, genes and regulation mechanisms in stilbenes biosynthesis in metabolic engineering which is used as a tool of improving the disease resistance of plants and health caring quality of crops is also discussed. (scirp.org)
In recent years, some success also has been achieved in the metabolic regulation and gene engineering of stilbenes. (scirp.org)
So it is significant to shift focus from previous research priorities to search relevant enzymes, genes, abiotic stress and biotic signals so as to elucidate their detailed biosynthesis pathway and understand metabolic regulation networks. (scirp.org)
This phenomenon involves the physical organization of successive pathway enzymes into complexes through which metabolic intermediates are channeled [15]. (scirp.org)
Their experiments with the bread mold Neurospora demonstrated that changing a single gene could result in the disruption of a specific metabolic pathway. (slideshare.net)
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A1 (UGT1A1) is an essential enzyme in mammals that is responsible for detoxification and metabolic clearance of the endogenous toxin bilirubin and a variety of xenobiotics, including some crucial therapeutic drugs. (frontiersin.org)

The concept was proposed by George Beadle and Edward Tatum in an influential 1941 paper on genetic mutations in the mold Neurospora crassa, and subsequently was dubbed the "one gene-one enzyme hypothesis" by their collaborator Norman Horowitz. (wikipedia.org)
different eye color gene mutations disrupted the transformations at a different points in the series. (wikipedia.org)
Mutations in the DDC gene cause AADC deficiency. (nih.gov)
Blue squares indicate phenotypes directly attributed to mutations/alleles of this gene. (jax.org)
Myopathy with deficiency of iron-sulfur cluster assembly enzyme is caused by mutations in the ISCU gene. (medlineplus.gov)
Mutations in the ISCU gene severely limit the amount of iron-sulfur cluster assembly enzyme that is made in cells. (medlineplus.gov)
which means both copies of the gene in each cell have mutations. (medlineplus.gov)
The resulting designs each exhibit several mutations in the enzyme active site that are predicted to form low-energy constellations, while conserving the key catalytic residues in their active conformation. (nature.com)
Furthermore, the designs are highly diverse, exhibiting several mutations relative to one another and the wild-type enzyme. (nature.com)
Well, to begin with, it's caused by mutations or deletions of the CTNS gene, and that's a gene that encodes for cystinosin. (globalgenes.org)

Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 G8790A polymorphisms are associated with COVID-19 severity. (nih.gov)
The Association of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 Polymorphism and SARS-CoV-2 Infection in the Iraqi Population. (nih.gov)
DNA methylation analysis of the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) gene in major depression. (uni-muenchen.de)
The angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) has been repeatedly discussed as susceptibility factor for major depression (MD) and the bi-directional relation between MD and cardiovascular disorders (CVD). (uni-muenchen.de)
RePub, Erasmus University Repository: Angiotensin converting enzyme gene polymorphism and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality: the Rotterdam Study. (eur.nl)
Angiotensin converting enzyme gene polymorphism and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality: the Rotterdam Study. (eur.nl)
BACKGROUND: Findings on the association between the insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism of the angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) gene and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality have been inconsistent. (eur.nl)
We previously demonstrated that angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor normalizes the up-regulated gene expression of vascular natriuretic peptide type A (NP-A) receptor in hypertensive rats. (diva-portal.org)

Western blot and enzyme activity assays confirmed the increased expression and activity of MMP-2. (cdc.gov)

Early intervention with enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) with intravenous infusions of recombinant human alpha-galactosidase A consistently and clearly decreases Gb3 levels in the blood plasma and clears vascular endothelial cellular lysosomal inclusions. (medscape.com)
Agalsidase alfa is a recombinant form of the human enzyme alpha-galactosidase A, levels of which are deficient in persons with Fabry disease. (medscape.com)
The two mainly commercialized enterokinase enzyme products are natural purified bovine enterokinase enzyme and genetically engineered recombinant bovine enterokinase enzyme. (g-biotec.com)
The molecular weight of recombinant enterokinase enzyme is usually 26.3 kDa, with three glycosylation sites and a glycosylation molecular weight of approximately 43 kDa. (g-biotec.com)

This gene encodes a member of the E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme family. (nih.gov)
Overexpression of Ubiquitin-Conjugating Enzyme E2C Is Associated with Worsened Prognosis in Prostate Cancer. (nih.gov)
The Mouse siGENOME Deubiquitinating Enzyme siRNA Library targets members of the deubiquitinating enzyme group, which remove ubiquitin. (horizondiscovery.com)
Western Blot: Ubiquitin-activating Enzyme/UBE1 Antibody [NB100-58804] - Detection of Human and Mouse UBE1 on HeLa whole cell lysate using NB100-58804. (novusbio.com)
The immunogen recognized by this antibody maps to a region between residue 1 and 50 of human ubiquitin-activating enzyme E1(UBE1) using the numbering given in entry NP_003325.2 (GeneID 7317). (novusbio.com)

Researchers at the National Institutes of Health have found that variations in a gene for an enzyme involved in cell energy metabolism appear to increase the risk for prostate cancer. (nih.gov)
One of the questions that arises when studying the evolutionary history of secondary metabolism is how its enzymes evolved separately from those orchestrating primary metabolism. (scientificamerican.com)
Our results indicate that several of the enzymes, central for drug metabolism are differently expressed in the liver and in the small intestine of the rat which should be taken into account when using rat as a model for the bioavailability and organ specific toxicity studies of orally administered xenobiotics. (nih.gov)
The apparently strong small intestinal expression of the CYP2C genes suggests that these enzymes could play a key role in the intestinal drug metabolism in rats and therefore affect the bioavailability of those orally used drugs which are substrates of the CYP2Cs. (nih.gov)
PAL, the first and key enzyme of the phenylpropanoid sequence, is the bridge between primary metabolism and secondary metabolism. (scirp.org)
This study aimed to determine whether the coding (A4889G) and noncoding region (T6235C) polymorphisms of the gene coding for cytochrome P4501A1 (CYP1A1), a xenobiotic-metabolizing enzyme responsible for the metabolism of carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, are involved in the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke in Turkish population. (metu.edu.tr)

Dioxin activates HIV-1 gene expression by an oxidative stress pathway requiring a functional cytochrome P450 CYP1A1 enzyme. (nih.gov)
GXD's primary emphasis is on endogenous gene expression during development. (jax.org)
The level of expression of genes encoding for nine major xenobiotic metabolising Cytochrome P450s (CYPs) and the P-glycoprotein (Pgp) was determined in three different regions of the small intestine of male and female Sprague Dawley rats and the expression was compared with that in the liver. (nih.gov)
A semi-quantitative RT-PCR method, using the total RNA from the tissues, was established for the determination of the level of gene expression. (nih.gov)
The expression of the other CYP genes was remarkably different in the two organs. (nih.gov)
With the exception of the CYP2A3, none of the genes showed a clear regional distribution in their small intestinal expression. (nih.gov)
Furthermore, no obvious sex difference in the expression of the CYP and Pgp genes could be observed. (nih.gov)
These results suggest that bradykinin plays an important role in the regulation of the vascular NP-A receptor gene expression. (diva-portal.org)
The purpose of this study was to assess whether enzyme I (EI) of the PTS could be involved in modulating urease expression in response to carbohydrate availability. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Growth under conditions of lactose excess resulted in further derepression of urease, but ptsI18-3 expressed about threefold higher urease activity than 57.I. The results support a role for EI in urease regulation, but also indicate that additional factors may be important in regulating urease gene expression. (microbiologyresearch.org)
The secreted alkaline phosphatase (SEAP) is widely used as reporter gene to analyze gene expression, the activity of promoters and transcriptional factors in cell culture or animals. (mobitec.com)
This unique characteristic of SEAP makes it convenient for kinetic analysis of gene expression over a period of time. (mobitec.com)
Heterologous expression of the CmINV gene in Saccharomyces cerevisiae BY4742Δsuc2 provided further evidence that CmINV indeed functions as a β-fructofuranosidase. (sun.ac.za)
Firstly, expression of the CmINV gene complemented the inability of the Δsuc2 deletion mutant strain of S. cerevisiae to grow on sucrose as sole carbohydrate source. (sun.ac.za)
siGENOME and ON-TARGET plus siRNA reagents (SMARTpool and three of four individual siRNAs) are guaranteed to silence target gene expression by at least 75% at the mRNA level when demonstrated to have been used under optimal delivery conditions (confirmed using validated positive control and measured at the mRNA level 24 to 48 hours after transfection using 100 nM siRNA). (horizondiscovery.com)
Agalsidase beta (Fabrazyme) is manufactured by Genzyme Corporation (Cambridge, Mass) and is based on the expression of the human GLA gene in CHO cells. (medscape.com)
Agalsidase alfa (Replagal) is manufactured by Transkaryotic Therapies (Cambridge, Mass) and is based on activation of the human GLA gene expression in human (skin) fibroblasts. (medscape.com)
We hypothesized that alcohol impairs HDE-induced TNFalpha, ICAM-1 expression and neutrophil adhesion by directly inhibiting TNFalpha converting enzyme (TACE) activity. (cdc.gov)
Realization that different factors can profoundly affect the expression of these enzymes at the genome level has resulted in an enhanced appreciation of the importance these genes play in our modern industrialized age. (arizona.edu)

From the comparative studies, the researchers were able to deduce the gene sequence of the original enzyme, which first appeared in an ancestor of today's longhorned beetles after being transferred from bacteria. (mpg.de)
The catalytic subunit can specifically recognize the Asp-Asp-Asp-Asp-Lys sequence and cleave it along the carboxyl end of the sequence, activating trypsinogen to trypsin enzyme, thus initiating cascades of enzyme activation. (g-biotec.com)
The active center of enterokinase enzyme has a special cationic site, which allows the strongly negative Asp-Asp-Asp-Asp to bind to the site, making the substrate cleavage site sequence of bovine enterokinase enzyme highly specific. (g-biotec.com)

The enzyme determines the position of the double bond by its distance from the alcohol end of the sphingoid base, and contains a cytochrome b5 domain that acts as the direct electron donor to the active site of the desaturase. (genome.jp)

the work of Beadle and Tatum also demonstrated that genes have an essential role in biosyntheses. (wikipedia.org)
Beadle and Tatum proposed: "One Gene-One Enzyme Hypothesis" However, it quickly became apparent that… 1. (slideshare.net)

The findings suggest that down-regulation of NEU1 and a reduced supply of the enzyme may contribute to the development of Alzheimer's disease or similar neurodegenerative disorders in some patients," said the study's corresponding author Alessandra d'Azzo , Ph.D., a member in the St. Jude Department of Genetics. (stjude.org)
This research provided evidence for the one- gene, one-enzyme hypothesis, which stated that each gene was responsible for the production of a specific enzyme Their work had a significant impact on the understanding of genetics and the relationship between genes and enzymes. (slideshare.net)

The results show promise for treating AADC deficiency and other genetic diseases with gene therapies. (nih.gov)
The genetic variations all impair the enzyme phosphodiesterase 11A (PDE11A), which helps regulate a cell's responses to hormones and other signals. (nih.gov)
The genetic tool that makes such risky experimentation possible constitutes one of evolution's great inventions - gene duplication. (scientificamerican.com)
The genes have a proposed or established association with the listed diseases and clinical outcomes, but the genetic associations are not limited to these diseases. (cdc.gov)
Genetic engineering methods can compensate for these shortcomings, and therefore, the use of genetic engineering methods to produce enterokinase enzyme is widely used. (g-biotec.com)
More than half (23 of 39) of the articles represent epidemiologic studies including candidate gene and genome-wide association studies (GWAS) examining genetic effect modification on disease risk. (cdc.gov)

Recently, we developed a computational design approach, called FuncLib, that mutates positions within the active sites of enzymes to increase their catalytic rate or specificity 13 . (nature.com)

In this review, the progresses of study on relevant enzymes, genes, and regulation mechanism in biosynthesis pathway of stilbenes are described. (scirp.org)
Here we introduce a holistic and systematic method of researching relevant enzymes, genes and other regulatory factors in bio-synthesis pathway of stilbenes-Systems biology. (scirp.org)
Phenylalanine ammonialyase (PAL), cinnamic acid 4-hydroxylase (C4H) and 4- coumarate: CoA ligase (4CL) are key enzymes in this pathway [6]. (scirp.org)

METCAM/MUC18 is a brand new early diagnostic biomarker for the malignant potential of prostate most cancers: Validation with Western blot technique, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and lateral circulation immunoassay. (wikibio.org)
For female NHANES participants who had a chlamydia nucleic acid antigen test (NAAT) performed from 2013 through 2016, and agreed to submit a serologic specimen, we performed Pgp3 chlamydia ELISA (enzyme linked immunosorbent assay) and Pgp3 multiplex bead array (MBA) tests to determine chlamydia seropositivity. (cdc.gov)

It is widely recognized that xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes play a fundamental role in the basic processes of carcinogenesis and toxicity on one hand, and chemoprevention and drug efficacy on the other. (arizona.edu)
This report is a summary of a symposium that was part of the Structure, Function and Regulation of Cytochromes P450 and Xenobiotic Metabolizing Enzymes satellite meeting of the 2000 joint meeting of the American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, the American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, the French Pharmacological Society, and the Pharmacological Society of Canada held in Boston, Massachusetts. (arizona.edu)

ABSTRACT The emergence and rapid spread of antibiotic-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates harbouring the blaKPC gene that encodes for carbapenemase production have complicated the management of patient infections. (who.int)

Although this was an early phase clinical trial, our results suggest that gene delivery in children with AADC deficiency is safe and can lead to clinical improvements. (nih.gov)
Gene therapy for aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase deficiency by MR-guided direct delivery of AAV2-AADC to midbrain dopaminergic neurons. (nih.gov)
These results suggest that not only is NEU1 deficiency a risk factor for developing Alzheimer's disease, but that this enzyme could be used to slow or even reverse the disease process," d'Azzo said. (stjude.org)
Myopathy with deficiency of iron-sulfur cluster assembly enzyme is an inherited disorder that primarily affects muscles used for movement ( skeletal muscles ). (medlineplus.gov)
These defects lead to exercise intolerance and the other features of myopathy with deficiency of iron-sulfur cluster assembly enzyme. (medlineplus.gov)
You know, many, many listeners would know lysosomal disorders, but often it makes you think of an enzyme deficiency. (globalgenes.org)

An up-regulation of several key genes known to be important in cell invasion, notably matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), was observed in the exposed mesothelial cells as determined by real-time PCR. (cdc.gov)
There continues to be rapid proliferation of studies addressing the molecular regulation of these genes. (arizona.edu)

Gene-directed enzyme prodrug therapy (GDEPT), when combined with radiation therapy, could improve the outcome of treatment for prostate cancer, the second leading cause of cancer death in the western world. (qub.ac.uk)
We describe a novel enzyme/prodrug combination for selectively inducing apoptosis in lentiviral vector-transduced cells. (elsevierpure.com)

In this study, we detected oxidative damage to DNA and lipids in muscle specimens of cfs patients as compared to age-matched controls, as well as increased activity of antioxidant enzymes catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and transferase, and increases in total glutathione plasma levels. (phoenixrising.me)

A small study found that gene therapy delivered into the brain was safe and beneficial in treating a debilitating neurological disease. (nih.gov)
Thirty months after gene therapy, a 10-year-old girl who hadn't been able to sit independently was able to walk with support. (nih.gov)
Gene therapy to replace this gene was previously tested in Taiwan and Japan with mixed results. (nih.gov)
In a new study, a research team led by Dr. Krystof Bankiewicz of the University of California, San Francisco and Ohio State University delivered gene therapy into different regions of the brain. (nih.gov)
The researchers used magnetic resonance imaging to guide the placement of the gene therapy. (nih.gov)
Two subjects could walk with support 18 months after receiving the gene therapy. (nih.gov)
Overall, the gene therapy was well tolerated by all the participants, and no adverse side effects were reported. (nih.gov)
Gene therapy is a potentially revolutionary therapeutic approach for many human diseases," Bankiewicz says. (nih.gov)
Plaques decreased substantially in mice treated with gene therapy to increase activity of the enzyme neuraminidase 1 (NEU1) in a region of the brain involved in learning and memory. (stjude.org)
But within weeks of using gene therapy to bolster NEU1 activity, d'Azzo's group reported that plaques declined dramatically in the hippocampus of treated mice. (stjude.org)
Enzyme replacement therapy stabilizes and may slow progression of Fabry disease, with more benefit when started at an early age. (medscape.com)
We spoke to Geoff MacKay, president and CEO of Avrobio, about cystinosis, the company's gene therapy platform, and how it's leveraging its technology to develop therapies across a range of rare diseases. (globalgenes.org)
Daniel Levine: We're going to talk about cystinosis, Avrobio, and its efforts to develop a gene therapy to treat the condition. (globalgenes.org)
Gene therapy and stem cell transplantation safety could be enhanced by control over the fate of therapeutic cells. (elsevierpure.com)
This novel suicide gene therapy approach can thus be integrated as a safety switch into therapeutic vectors. (elsevierpure.com)
Researchers are conducting trials to study new treatment options such as gene therapy, enzyme replacement, and certain medications. (healthychildren.org)

The researchers are currently evaluating a novel enzyme, E12-7Fc-M3 for its ability to neutralize cocaine in the blood stream using molecular modeling technology. (sciencedaily.com)

The development of the one gene-one enzyme hypothesis is often considered the first significant result in what came to be called molecular biology. (wikipedia.org)
This led directly to the one gene-one enzyme hypothesis, which, with certain qualifications and refinements, has remained essentially valid to the present day. (wikipedia.org)
One Gene-One Enzyme Hypothesis Each gene controls synthesis/activity of a single enzyme. (slideshare.net)

In this context, functional polymorphisms of the ACE gene have been linked to depression, to antidepressant treatment response, to ACE serum concentrations, as well as to hypertension, myocardial infarction and CVD risk markers. (uni-muenchen.de)

Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. (nih.gov)
Multiple splice variants have been found for this gene and the dACE2 (or MIRb-ACE2) splice variant has been found to be interferon inducible. (nih.gov)
These hyperactive Cas9 variants function efficiently in mammalian cells and introduce larger and more diverse pools of insertions and deletions into targeted genomic regions, providing tools to enhance and expand the possible applications of CRISPR-based gene editing. (nature.com)

Comparison of the amino acid sequences of these enzymes across different species can provide valuable information about their evolutionary relationships. (scientificamerican.com)
The isolation and characterization of cDNAs encoding poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase (PARG) enzymes and the amino acid sequences of PARGs from several species are described. (uky.edu)

Knockdown of MMP-2 in CNT and asbestos -exposed cells by shRNA-mediated gene silencing effectively inhibited the aggressive phenotypes. (cdc.gov)

Approved as adjunctive treatment of acute hyperammonemia associated with encephalopathy caused by urea cycle enzyme deficiencies. (medscape.com)

Molecular Study of ACE2 Gene Polymorphism of COVID-19 Infection among the Kurdish Population in Kurdistan Region- Iraq. (nih.gov)

The ability to alter the genomes of living cells is key to understanding how genes influence the functions of organisms and will be critical to modify living systems for useful purposes. (nature.com)

Increase in rat liver UDP-glucuronosyltransferase mRNA by microsomal enzyme inducers that enhance thyroid hormone glucuronidation. (nih.gov)

Gene duplication has proven to be a potent strategy to increase the information content in the genome and enable diversity of function. (scientificamerican.com)
Whole genome microarray analysis further indicated the importance of MMP-2 in the invasion gene signaling network of the exposed cells. (cdc.gov)

Using a combination of genomic, mapping and inheritance studies, the scientists found that there were four distinct clades when GS genes from other monocotyledonous species were included. (europa.eu)
The result of studying a total of 113 GH5_2 enzymes from 25 species is a comprehensive analysis of the evolutionary history of this group of enzymes in longhorned beetles. (mpg.de)

The obvious inference from these experiments was that each gene mutation affects the activity of a single enzyme. (wikipedia.org)
Leukodystrophies happen because of a mutation in one of the genes that affects how myelin works or grows. (healthychildren.org)

Some enzyme families are widely distributed in these beetle families, but GH5_2 enzymes have so far only been found in longhorned beetles. (mpg.de)

The enzymes became more specific and one of the GH5_2 enzymes even performed transglycosylation, the transfer and attachment of a sugar residue instead of cleavage (3rd step). (mpg.de)
However, in actual enzymatic cleavage reactions, non-specific cleavage may also occur, which should be carefully addressed in gene engineering research. (g-biotec.com)

p>A type of phylogenetic evidence whereby an aspect of a descendent is inferred through the characterization of an aspect of a ancestral gene. (uniprot.org)

The researchers analyzed the DNA of the men and found 8 variations in the PDE11A gene that decreased the production or activity of PDE11A. (nih.gov)
Dr. Stratakis explained that phosphodiesterase enzymes, of which there are nearly a dozen, regulate cellular activity in hormone producing organs such as the testes, prostate gland, adrenal gland and ovaries. (nih.gov)
Enzyme cofactors are used to enhance the activity of cofactor-dependent enzymes. (medscape.com)
The original enzyme was a cellulase, but also showed some activity to degrade two other components of the cell wall, xylan and glucomannan (1st step). (mpg.de)
The enzyme activity is hardly affected when the Ile at the N-terminus of the light chain is mutated to Val. (g-biotec.com)
This study aims to find efficacious UGT1A1 inducer(s) from natural flavonoids, and to reveal the mechanism involved in up-regulating of this key conjugative enzyme by the flavonoid(s) with strong UGT1A1 induction activity. (frontiersin.org)
E12-7Fc-M3 was tested in vivo to examine its activity against cocaine -- following injection of cocaine into mice and rats, scientists gave the cocaine-metabolizing enzyme to the animals intravenously. (sciencedaily.com)

This next stage of our research is promising, showing that the enzyme has extended function in small animal models and potentially even longer in humans," said Zhan. (sciencedaily.com)

Four of the CYP genes: the CYP2B1, CYP2C6, CYP2C11 and CYP2D1 and the Pgp were expressed at as high levels in the small intestine as in the liver. (nih.gov)

Mice heterozygous for a gene trap allele show increased resistance to LPS-induced lethality while cultured immune cells display blunted LPS-inducible cytokine secretion and impaired activation of TRAF-mediated signal transduction. (jax.org)

Ancient gene duplications increased the diversity of substrates being degraded. (mpg.de)

At the time of the experiments (1941), non-geneticists still generally believed that genes governed only trivial biological traits, such as eye color, and bristle arrangement in fruit flies, while basic biochemistry was determined in the cytoplasm by unknown processes. (wikipedia.org)
Zhuhai Gene-Biocon Biological Technology Co., Ltd. (g-biotec.com)

St. Jude Children's Research Hospital scientists identify enzyme that could lead to better diagnosis and treatment of Alzheimer's disease and related disorders. (stjude.org)
The results raise hopes the enzyme could lead to new methods of diagnosing and treating Alzheimer's disease, a neurodegenerative disorder that causes problems with memory, thinking and behavior. (stjude.org)
Oregon Health & Science University is participating in a national study of a drug that may prevent Alzheimer's disease by blocking an enzyme that produces plaques believed to trigger the disorder. (news-medical.net)

The urease genes of Streptococcus salivarius 57.I are tightly repressed in cells growing at neutral pH. (microbiologyresearch.org)

Though enzyme replacement therapies have proven a viable strategy for treating lysosomal storage disorders, one problem is that these medicines face challenges reaching all of the cells throughout the body that are affected by these conditions, particularly in the brain. (globalgenes.org)
Avrobio is developing one-and-done gene therapies to treat cystinosis and other lysosomal storage disorders to overcome the limits of ERTs and possibly halt or reverse diseases. (globalgenes.org)

The scientists then went on to clone the isolated GS genes. (europa.eu)
Scientists used an altered cold virus as the vector to deliver both the NEU1 and PPCA genes to mouse brain cells. (stjude.org)

They resurrected the primordial enzymes, which first appeared in a common ancestor of longhorned beetles. (mpg.de)

Among the questions we are asking is whether a therapeutic window exists when the enzyme could be used to halt or even reverse the disease. (stjude.org)

Restoring the enzyme would potentially improve production of dopamine and serotonin. (nih.gov)
Within the mitochondria of these cells, a lack of this enzyme causes problems with energy production and an overload of iron. (medlineplus.gov)
RÉSUMÉ L'émergence et la propagation rapide des souches de Klebsiella pneumoniae résistantes aux antibiotiques et porteuses du gène blaKPC codant la production de carbapénèmases ont compliqué la prise en charge des infections des patients. (who.int)

For many applications in cells and in vitro Cas9 enzymes with higher catalytic efficiency would be particularly beneficial. (nature.com)

Data from clinical trials show a decrease in GL-3 levels following enzyme replacement, reversal in lipid tissue storage, stabilized or improved renal and cardiac function, and reduced or relief from neuropathic pain. (medscape.com)

In a Novartis-sponsored study in the New England Journal of Medicine, researchers found that a CRISPR-Cas9-based treatment targeting promoters of genes encoding fetal hemoglobin could reduce disease symptoms. (genomeweb.com)

However, longhorned beetle larvae possess special enzymes to break down the various components of the plant cell wall. (mpg.de)
Horizontal gene transfer from bacteria to the beetle as well as ancient and recent gene duplications promoted the evolution of this family of digestive enzymes and enabled longhorned beetles to degrade the main components of the plant cell wall, which make the bulk of their diet. (mpg.de)
Like leaf beetles, weevils, and bark beetles, longhorned beetles have enzymes to break down plant cell wall components. (mpg.de)
Effective silencing achieved for 440 kinase genes when screened with SMARTpool siRNA reagents in two cell lines. (horizondiscovery.com)
[ 49 ] noted that two formulations of the enzyme alpha-galactosidase A are used in Europe: agalsidase alpha (produced in a human cell line) and agalsidase beta (produced in Chinese hamster ovary cells). (medscape.com)
University of Texas at Dallas researchers present a scheme in Nucleic Acids Research for limiting how long an introduced gene product remains in a cell. (genomeweb.com)

a href='/help/gene_ontology' target='_top'>More. (uniprot.org)

Anatomy8

Organisms7

Diseases7

Chemicals and Drugs59

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment19

Phenomena and Processes55

Information Science4

Named Groups1

Health Care6

Geographicals1

Protein14

Proteins17

Pathways8

Metabolic9

Mutations10

Angiotensin8

Assays1

Recombinant4

Ubiquitin5

Metabolism6

Expression19

Sequence3

Cytochrome1

Beadle and T2

Genetics2

Genetic6

Specificity1

Pathway3

Immunosorbent assay2

Metabolizing Enzymes2

Abstract1

Deficiency6

Regulation2

Prodrug2

Glutathione peroxidase1

Therapy16

Novel enzyme1

Hypothesis3

Polymorphisms1

Variants3

Sequences2

Phenotypes1

Deficiencies1

Molecular1

Genomes1

MRNA1

Genome2

Species2

Mutation2

Widely1

Cleavage2

Characterization1

Activity7

Humans1

Liver1

Allele1

Substrates1

Biological2

Alzheimer's3

Streptococcus1

Therapies2

Scientists2

Common ancestor1

Therapeutic1

Production3

Vitro1

Lipid1

Promoters1

Cell6

Ontology1