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BenzeneCatecholsCatechol 2,3-DioxygenaseDioxygenasesCatechol 1,2-DioxygenaseOxygenasesEstrogens, Catechol4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate DioxygenaseProtocatechuate-3,4-DioxygenaseBenzene DerivativesCysteine DioxygenaseSorbic AcidTryptophan OxygenaseCatechol O-MethyltransferaseBiodegradation, EnvironmentalHomogentisate 1,2-DioxygenaseToluenePhenol3-Hydroxyanthranilate 3,4-DioxygenasePseudomonasKynurenineHydroquinonesPseudomonas putidaXylenesChlorobenzenesRhodococcusHydroxybenzoatesBenzoatesCatechol OxidaseHydrocarbons, AromaticTryptophanMixed Function OxygenasesChlorobenzoatesBurkholderiaPhenolsSphingomonasSubstrate SpecificityBenzoic AcidMolecular Sequence DataOxidation-ReductionOccupational ExposurePyrogallolGentisatesPetroleumAlcaligenesAdipatesGenes, BacterialEquileninComamonasRalstoniaHomogentisic AcidAcinetobacterBiotransformationHydroxylationIronAmino Acid SequenceBrevibacteriumKineticsCresolsPlanococcus BacteriaPolychlorinated BiphenylsCloning, MolecularAir Pollutants, OccupationalParabensMaximum Allowable ConcentrationGram-Negative Aerobic Rods and CocciFerredoxinsBiphenyl CompoundsBurkholderiaceae3-Hydroxyanthranilic Acidgamma-Butyrobetaine DioxygenaseArthrobacterEnzyme InductionAlkaptonuriaEscherichia coliPseudomonas mendocinaChromatography, High Pressure LiquidKetoglutaric AcidsGas Chromatography-Mass SpectrometryHydrocarbonsNaphthalenesSalicylatesPhenanthrenesIntramolecular LyasesOxidoreductasesFerrous CompoundsBase SequenceToluidinesBacterial ProteinsIron-Sulfur Proteinsortho-AminobenzoatesChlorophenolsVanillic AcidSpectrophotometryBenzoquinonesEnvironmental MonitoringSequence Homology, Amino AcidSoil PollutantsSulfanilic AcidsTrichloroethylene

TolueneOxidoreductaseBiochemistryHydroquinoneSubstratesAromaticDehydrogenaseAnthraceneInhibitorsCharacterizationBiosynthesisNaphthaleneGeneCatalyzesReactionClassIncludeAcidCompoundsSmallCellActsDehydrogenaseSolubleMicroorganismsStrainsDegradationConcentrationsBelongsExposureStrainPathwayHydroquinoneCellsProteinChemicalIssue

Toluene6

• 2003. Characterization of a novel Acinetobacter species containing a toluene dioxygenase. (nih.gov)
• Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) off-gassing from synthetic materials, nitrogen dioxide and harmful outdoor VOCs such benzene, toluene, ethyl-benzene and xylene penetrate into the indoor environment through ventilation and are the main contributors to poor indoor air quality with health effects. (springer.com)
• His primary areas of investigation include Organic chemistry, Toluene dioxygenase, Pseudomonas putida, Biochemistry and NAD+ kinase. (research.com)
• His Toluene dioxygenase research includes themes of Indole test, Toluene, Spectrophotometry and Tryptophanase. (research.com)
• His Pseudomonas putida research is multidisciplinary, incorporating elements of Nuclear chemistry, Escherichia coli, Toluene, Chromatography and Toluene dioxygenase. (research.com)
• His Escherichia coli research integrates issues from Regioselectivity, Microorganism, Pseudomonas putida, Metabolite and Toluene dioxygenase. (research.com)

Oxidoreductase3

• The systematic name of this enzyme class is benzene,NADH:oxygen oxidoreductase (1,2-hydroxylating). (wikipedia.org)
• 1. Fischer, D., Ebenau-Jehle, C. and Grisebach, H. Phytoalexin synthesis in soybean: purification and characterization of NADPH:2'-hydroxydaidzein oxidoreductase from elicitor-challenged soybean cell cultures. (qmul.ac.uk)
• An enzyme of the oxidoreductase class that catalyzes the reaction between catechol and oxygen to yield benzoquinone and water. (lookformedical.com)

Biochemistry1

• Stereochemistry, Organic chemistry, Biochemistry, Enzyme and Pseudomonas putida are his primary areas of study. (research.com)

Hydroquinone1

• David T. Gibson has included themes like Plasmid, DNA, Cleavage and Hydroquinone in his Enzyme study. (research.com)

Substrates1

• Substrates containing a -COOH group are inhibitors for catechol oxidase. (lookformedical.com)

Aromatic3

• PAHs could be degraded by bacteria under aerobic conditions through the initial oxidation of the aromatic ring, which is catalyzed by the dioxygenase enzyme. (omicsonline.org)
• 2006. Microbial dioxygenase gene population shifts during polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon biodegradation. (nih.gov)
• Some of the enzymes which generate aromatic radicals that break down most prominent bacterial strains found were isolated and tax- the complex linkages present in lignin to compounds of lower onomically identified using 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) se- molecular weight. (lu.se)

Dehydrogenase1

• The concepts of his Pseudomonas putida study are interwoven with issues in Escherichia coli, Electron donor, Dioxygenase, Dehydrogenase and Naphthalene. (research.com)

Anthracene1

• This enzyme participates in naphthalene and anthracene degradation. (wikipedia.org)

Inhibitors1

• In vitro production of enzymatically active O. volvulus prolyl 4-hydroxylase should facilitate identification of specific inhibitors of the parasite enzyme. (embl.de)

Characterization1

• Substrate specificity of catechol oxidase from Lycopus europaeus and characterization of the bioproducts of enzymic caffeic acid oxidation. (lookformedical.com)

Biosynthesis1

• The enzyme responsible for collagen maturation is prolyl 4-hydroxylase, making this enzyme a central activity in cuticle biosynthesis and a potentially important chemotherapeutic target. (embl.de)

Naphthalene1

• Crystal structure of naphthalene dioxygenase: side-on binding of dioxygen to iron. (research.com)

Gene1

• Moreover, a dioxygenase gene, nidA3B3, was detected in Mycobacterium vanbaalenii PYR-1 as an alternate degradation pathway which could catalyze both the initial dihydroxylation of pyrene [ 11 ] to be pyrene cis-4,5-dihydrodiol, and an alternate detoxification pyrene pathway to be pyrene cis-1,2-dihydrodiol [ 12 ]. (omicsonline.org)

Catalyzes1

• The enzyme catalyzes the oxidation of o-diphenols to o-quinones without hydroxylating monophenols, the additional activity of tyrosinase. (lookformedical.com)

Reaction1

• In the reverse reaction, the 2'-hydroxyisoflavone (2'-hydroxydaidzein) is reduced to an isoflavanone. (qmul.ac.uk)

Class1

• The pcaH was significant in the β-ketoadipate pathway [9] where the pathway as it conserves biochemically, and is a major class of non-heme-iron containing dioxygenase [ 10 ]. (omicsonline.org)

Include1

• Other names in common use include benzene hydroxylase, and benzene dioxygenase. (wikipedia.org)

Acid3

• The derived amino acid sequence of Ov-phy-1 encoded a peptide that was most similar to the two Caenorhabditis elegans prolyl 4-hydroxylase homologues and to the isoform II enzymes of vertebrates. (embl.de)
• Two compounds, Compound 1 (1,4-dihydrophenanthrolin-4-one-3-carboxylic acid) and Compound 5 [8-(N-butyl-N-ethylcarbamoyl)-1,4-dihydrophenathrolin-4-one-3-carboxylic acid], with comparable potencies in vivo, were chosen to investigate the effect of the inhibition of the hydroxylation of newly synthesized uterine collagen on the turnover of this protein in vivo. (embl.de)
• An analysis of the genome and its transcriptome revealed enzymes with biotechnological potential, such as two extracellular tannases (Atan1p and Atan2p) of the tannic-acid catabolic route, and a new pathway for the assimilation of n-butanol via butyric aldehyde and butyric acid. (biomedcentral.com)

Compounds1

• low-molecular-weight (LMW) compounds consist of two or three rings, and high-molecular-weight (HMW) compounds, more than three rings [ 3 ]. (omicsonline.org)

Small2

• nidA and nidB genes are encoding genes for large and small subunits of napthalene-inducible dioxygenase [ 7 , 8 ]. (omicsonline.org)
• Also acts on 2'-hydroxyformononetin and to a small extent on 2'-hydroxygenistein. (qmul.ac.uk)

Cell1

• Alternative sites for cell density regulation of the enzyme could rely on its sensitivity to sulfhydryl groups. (embl.de)

Acts1

• It is a complex of copper-containing proteins that acts also on a variety of substituted catechols. (lookformedical.com)

Dehydrogenase5

• The genome sequence of R.pyridinivorans strain AK37 has identified several key enzymes involved in the six pathways of monocyclic aromatic compound biodegradation: protocatechuate 3,4-dioxygenase, benzoate 1,2-dioxygenase, 3-ketosteroid-9α-hydroxylase, 3-ketosteroid-σ-dehydrogenase, and so on. (kenyon.edu)
• The activities of cis-benzene dihydrodiol dehydrogenase and catechol 1,2-dioxygenase were detected in only cytoplasmic fractions of cells grown with benzene, suggesting that, like for other species of benzene-catabolizing bacteria, the expression of these enzymes is confined to the cytoplasm of this organism. (envirobiotechjournals.com)
• use ACYLTRANSFERASES 1973-1979, use COENZYME A & PHOSPHOLIPIDS 1973-1978 MH - 1-Pyrroline-5-Carboxylate Dehydrogenase UI - D050842 MN - D8.811.682.662.693 MS - An enzyme that catalyzes the oxidation of 1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate to L-GLUTAMATE in the presence of NAD. (nih.gov)
• HN - 2006(1983) MH - 2-Oxoisovalerate Dehydrogenase (Acylating) UI - D050645 MN - D8.811.682.657.350.825 MS - An NAD+ dependent enzyme that catalyzes the oxidation 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate to 2-methylpropanoyl-CoA. (nih.gov)
• use ANTHRANILIC ACID 1974-1979 MH - 3-Isopropylmalate Dehydrogenase UI - D050539 MN - D8.811.682.47.500 MS - An NAD+ dependent enzyme that catalyzes the oxidation of 3-carboxy-2-hydroxy-4-methylpentanoate to 3-carboxy-4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate. (nih.gov)

Soluble2

• Pentraxin 3 (PTX3) is a soluble pattern recognition molecule in the innate immune system that has multiple functions. (bvsalud.org)
• These new findings suggest that the current threshold limit value of 0.2 mg/m3 of benzene soluble matter (which indicates PAH exposure) is unacceptable because, after 40 years of exposure, it involves a relative risk of 1.2-1.4 for lung cancer and 2.2 for bladder cancer. (nih.gov)

Microorganisms1

• Due to the recent research development on hydroquinone, this review underscores not only the mechanisms of hydroquinone biotransformation and the role of microorganisms and their enzymes in this process, but also its toxicity. (hindawi.com)

Strains1

• C230 purified from strains W31, PKO1, and CFS215 had a significantly greater affinity for oxygen as well as a significantly greater rate of substrate turnover than found for the analogous enzymes from the TOL plasmid (pWW0) of Pseudomonas putida PaW1, from Pseudomonas cepacia G4, or from P. putida F1. (nih.gov)

Degradation2

• This enzyme participates in naphthalene and anthracene degradation. (wikipedia.org)
• Meanwhile, in the oxidative degradation of hydroquinone under a supercritical condition (409.9°C and 24.5 MPa) and subcritical condition (359.9°C and 24.5 MPa), -benzoquinone was to be an important intermediate [ 3 ]. (hindawi.com)

Concentrations1

• 33, a gram positive bacterium, can both degrade and tolerate super saturating concentrations of benzene (>1780 mg/L). Previous work by our group demonstrated the important role of this organism s exopolymer and membrane fatty acids in conferring tolerance to benzene. (envirobiotechjournals.com)

Belongs2

• This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on paired donors, with O2 as oxidant and incorporation or reduction of oxygen. (wikipedia.org)
• Analysis of the nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences of C23O from strain PKO1 suggests that this extradiol dioxygenase belongs to a new cluster within the subfamily of C23Os that preferentially cleave monocyclic substrates. (nih.gov)

Exposure2

• In this study, we investigated protein expression patterns in the cell wall and plasma membrane of this organism before and after exposure to benzene. (envirobiotechjournals.com)
• Cells were found to induce an increase in their total content of wall and membrane proteins, as well as up-regulate several proteins during exposure to benzene. (envirobiotechjournals.com)

Strain1

• The 16S rDNA analysis revealed 99% nucleotide similarity to that of the type strain of R.rhodochrous (Fig. 2) ( 10 ). (kenyon.edu)

Pathway1

• Only has the pathway for BT biodegradation been proposed based on the identification of intermediate molecules (Fig. 3). (kenyon.edu)

Hydroquinone4

• Hydroquinone is a major benzene metabolite, which is a well-known haematotoxic and carcinogenic agent associated with malignancy in occupational environments. (hindawi.com)
• Hydroquinone, the major benzene metabolite, is a ubiquitous chemical in the environment due to its widespread application in human and industrial activities. (hindawi.com)
• The formation of hydroquinone and -benzoquinone at early stages of phenol oxidation increases the toxicity of phenol wastewaters, showing that these compounds were more toxic and less degradable than the original pollutant [ 2 ]. (hindawi.com)
• Hydroquinone is used in cosmetics (up to 2%) as a depigmenting agent in a number of topical skin creams. (nih.gov)

Cells1

• These changes are thought to provide the cell wall and plasma membrane with greater structural rigidity, thereby mitigating benzene s potential to cause damage to the cells. (envirobiotechjournals.com)

Protein4

• HN - 2006(1981) BX - Cofilins MH - Actin-Related Protein 2 UI - D051377 MN - D5.750.78.730.246.500 MN - D12.776.220.525.246.500 MS - A PROFILIN binding domain protein that is part of the Arp2-3 complex. (nih.gov)
• HN - 2006(1998) MH - Actin-Related Protein 2-3 Complex UI - D051376 MN - D5.750.78.730.246 MN - D12.776.220.525.246 MS - A complex of seven proteins including ARP2 PROTEIN and ARP3 PROTEIN that plays an essential role in maintenance and assembly of the CYTOSKELETON. (nih.gov)
• Arp2-3 complex binds WASP PROTEIN and existing ACTIN FILAMENTS, and it nucleates the formation of new branch point filaments. (nih.gov)
• HN - 2006 BX - Arp2-3 Complex MH - Actin-Related Protein 3 UI - D051378 MN - D5.750.78.730.246.750 MN - D12.776.220.525.246.750 MS - A component of the Arp2-3 complex that is related in sequence and structure to ACTIN and that binds ATP. (nih.gov)

Chemical1

• Benzene, a constituent of petroleum, is an important solvent in the chemical industry and a ubiquitous environmental pollutant. (envirobiotechjournals.com)

Issue1

• The contribution of benzene and its metabolites to this issue is well recognized, making them a public health problem. (hindawi.com)