- We analyzedthe architecture of the APC using a recently constructed budding yeaststrain that is viable in the absence of normally essential APC subunits.We found that the largest subunit, Apc1, serves as a scaffold thatassociates independently with two separable subcomplexes, one thatcontains Apc2 (Cullin), Apc11 (RING), and Doc1/Apc10, and another thatcontains the three TPR subunits (Cdc27, Cdc16, and Cdc23). (embl-heidelberg.de)
- Apc4,Apc5, Cdc23, and Apc1 associate interdependently, such that loss of anyone subunit greatly reduces binding between the remaining three.Intriguingly, the cullin and TPR subunits both contribute to the bindingof Cdh1 to the APC. (embl-heidelberg.de)
- Enzymatic assays performed with APC purified fromstrains lacking each of the essential subunits revealed that onlycdc27Delta complexes retain detectable activity in the presence of Cdh1.This residual activity depends on the C-box domain of Cdh1, but not on theC-terminal IR domain, suggesting that the C-box mediates a productiveinteraction with an APC subunit other than Cdc27. (embl-heidelberg.de)
- During cell growth and proliferation, ubiquitin plays an outsized role in promoting progression through the cell cycle. (intechopen.com)
- Numerous E3 ubiquitin ligases, which facilitate the ubiquitination of specific substrates, have been shown to control G1/S. In this chapter, we will discuss components in the ubiquitin proteasome system that are implicated in G1/S control, how these enzymes are interconnected, gaps in our current knowledge, and the potential role of these pathways in the cancer cycle and disease proliferation. (intechopen.com)
- The anaphase promoting complex or cyclosome (APC2) is an E3 ubiquitin ligase which is part of the SCF family of ubiquitin ligases. (embl-heidelberg.de)
- Ubiquitin ligases catalyse the transfer of ubiquitin from the ubiquitin conjugating enzyme (E2), to the substrate protein. (embl-heidelberg.de)
- The APC, in conjunction with other enzymes, assembles multi-ubiquitin chains on a variety of regulatory proteins, thereby targeting them for proteolysis by the 26S proteasome. (embl-heidelberg.de)
- We found thatthe three TPR subunits display a sequential binding dependency, with Cdc27the most peripheral, Cdc23 the most internal, and Cdc16 between. (embl-heidelberg.de)
- The activity of CDKs is controlled by their binding to coactivator subunits termed Cyclins, as well as by CDK inhibitory proteins termed CKIs. (intechopen.com)
- In this study, taking advantage of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-CRISPR-associated protein (Cas) 9 technology, we identified the ubiquitin E3 ligase ANAPC11, a critical subunit of the anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C), as a potential oncogenic molecule in UBC cells. (bvsalud.org)
- It consists entirely of pentameric α7 subunits expressed in the CNS, autonomic nervous system, vascular system, lymphocytes and spleen. (nih.gov)