Enhancer binding protein homologous protein. Medical search. Frequent questions

The present study investigated the effects of GSK2606414 on proliferation, apoptosis, and the expression of activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4), CCAAT/enhancer‑binding protein homologous protein (CHOP) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in human retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells under endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. (spandidos-publications.com)
ATF4 induces expression of the proapoptotic transcription factor CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein homologous protein (CHOP), which mediates PERK-induced apoptosis ( 16 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
TGZ elevated DR5 expression at the promoter level through the CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein homologous protein (CHOP) binding site. (nih.gov)
The endoplasmic reticulum stress marker proteins, including Grp78/Bip, phospho-eIF2α, phospho-IP3R, and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein homologous protein, were elevated significantly in CNGA3−/−/Nrl−/− and CNGB3−/−/Nrl−/− retinas, compared with the age-matched (postnatal 30 days) Nrl−/− controls. (cipsm.de)
GADD153 encodes a member of the CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein (C/EBP) family of transcription factors. (novusbio.com)
We demonstrate for the first time that resveratrol induce CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein-homologous protein (CHOP). (dsmc.or.kr)
PA can induce the expression of glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) and CCAAT/enhancer binding protein homologous protein (CHOP) in in mouse granulosa cells. (medchemexpress.com)
Thrombin increases lung fibroblast survival while promoting alveolar epithelial cell apoptosis via the endoplasmic reticulum stress marker, CCAAT enhancer-binding homologous protein. (musc.edu)
Among the three main signal pathways in ER stress, the PERK (protein kinase RNA-like ER kinase)/CHOP (CCAAT-enhancer-binding protein homologous protein) pathway has been considered to be closely associated with apoptosis. (thno.org)
Using the human embryonic WI-38 lung fibroblast cell line, ET-1 and thrombin induced the expression of ER stress-related proteins (CCAAT-enhancer-binding protein homologous protein, PERK, and binding immunoglobulin protein), a profibrogenic factor (cellular communication network factor 2 [CCN2]), and differentiation markers including α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), collagen I (Col I), and Col IV. (tmu.edu.tw)
Fucoidan treatment of HCT-116 colon cancer cells resulted in downregulation of the ER protein 29 (ERp29), and triggered the phosphorylation of eukaryotic initiation element 2 alpha (p-eIF2a)/CCAAT/enhancer binding protein homologous protein (CHOP) pro-apoptotic cascade [14]. (irjs.info)
This reaction can temporarily be beneficial, but if the ER stress is prolonged and severe, the UPR can result in cell death through the activation of multiple apoptotic signaling cascades, including CHOP (the CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein homologous protein), also known as GADD153-mediated pathway (growth arrest and DNA damage gene 153), TRAF2 (IRE1/tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 2-mediated pathway), and Ca2+-dependent pathway. (russnewton.com)
Plays a dual role both as an inhibitor of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein (C/EBP) function and as an activator of other genes. (affbiotech.com)
Here, we identify a CCAAT/Enhancer Binding Protein beta (C/EBPbeta) binding site in the RIG-I promoter as a repressor element, and show that NS1 promotes C/EBPbeta phosphorylation and its recruitment to the RIG-I promoter as a C/EBPbeta/NS1 complex. (cdc.gov)

Resveratrol-induced CHOP mRNA (and also protein) expression was inhibited by JNK specific inhibitor, but not ERK, p38 MAPK, PI3K and NF-κB inhibitors. (dsmc.or.kr)
Taken together, the present studies suggest that induction of CHOP protein may be involved, at least in part, in resveratrol-induced apoptosis. (dsmc.or.kr)
Activation of the Akt pathway may promote the expression of anti-apoptotic proteins like Bcl-2, while CHOP can inhibit B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) expression to increase the level of cleaved caspase-3 and lead to cell death. (thno.org)
In addition, toyocamycin reduced the expression of cytosine-cytosine-adenosine-adenosine-thymidine enhancer-binding protein homologous protein (CHOP), which is a key player in ER stress-mediated apoptosis, as well as its downstream cell death modulator, death receptor 5. (elsevierpure.com)
CHOP was identified as a C/EBP-homologous protein that inhibits C/EBP and LAP in a dominant-negative manner (1). (affbiotech.com)
The role of CHOP in the programmed cell death of ER-stressed cells is correlated with its role promoting protein synthesis and oxidative stress inside the ER (4). (affbiotech.com)
Chronic ER stress promotes apoptosis, at least in part through the UPR-induced transcription factor C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP). (jci.org)
These findings suggest that CHOP is a fundamental factor that links protein misfolding in the ER to oxidative stress and apoptosis in β cells under conditions of increased insulin demand. (jci.org)

Cannabinoid refers to a group of chemicals naturally found in the marijuana plant Cannabis sativa L. and includes compounds that are either structurally or pharmacologically similar to Δ(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol or those that bind to the cannabinoid receptors. (aacrjournals.org)
The diversified effects of cannabinoids are now known to be mediated through the activation of G-protein-coupled receptors that are normally bound by a family of endogenous ligands, the endocannabinoids ( 1 ). (aacrjournals.org)
The protein is homologous to the receptors for steroid hormones, thyroid hormones and vitamin D3, and appears to be a retinoic acid-inducible trans-acting enhancer factor, suggesting that the molecular mechanisms of the effect of retinoids (vitamin A) on embryonic development, differentiation and tumour cell growth are similar to those described for other members of this nuclear receptor family. (drugbank.com)
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) belong to the largest class of drug targets. (mdpi.com)
Desogestrel binds intracellular progesterone receptors in progesterone responsive tissue and the resultant complex interacts with DNA and results in either gene transcription or gene repression. (medindex.am)

Cadherin genes encode a superfamily of calcium-dependent adhesion-related type-1 transmembrane proteins. (biomedcentral.com)
Transcriptional activator Islet-Brain 1 (IB1) is disclosed which is involved in the control of the GLUT2 and insulin genes by interacting with homologous cis-regulatory elements of the GLUT2 and insulin promoters, and to materials and methods deriving from this work. (justia.com)
The present invention is based on successful expression cloning of a transcription factor that binds to the GTII element of the GLUT2 and insulin genes from a differentiated insulin-secreting cDNA library. (justia.com)
Acts as a dominant-negative regulator of C/EBP-induced transcription: dimerizes with members of the C/EBP family, impairs their association with C/EBP binding sites in the promoter regions, and inhibits the expression of C/EBP regulated genes. (affbiotech.com)
These genes were uncovered on the basis of similarity to the DNA binding domain [ ( PUBMED:9504043 ) ] of Mus musculus (Mouse) Brachyury (T) gene product, which similarity is the defining feature of the family. (embl-heidelberg.de)
Mice contain at least four, and perhaps five, genes with the same TEA DNA binding domain (mTEAD genes). (embl-heidelberg.de)
To reduce the risk of analyzing cell line- pathway can be divided into distinct stages based on the specific features, we used several representative cell lines for recombination status of the Ig genes and on the expression each of four major stages in B cell development: pro-B, pre-B, pattern of surface markers and the presence of intracellular proteins [1- 6]. (lu.se)

BiP (Binding immunoglobulin protein) works as a sensor of unfolded proteins in the ER and regulates the activation of these ER stress transducers. (russnewton.com)

GSK2606414 is a novel, highly selective inhibitor of protein kinase R‑like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK). (spandidos-publications.com)
The protein functions as a dominant-negative inhibitor by forming heterodimers with other C/EBP members, such as C/EBP and LAP (liver activator protein), and preventing their DNA binding activity. (novusbio.com)
Activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) was observed in ET-1- and thrombin-treated WI-38 cells, and the addition of a JNK inhibitor (SP) suppressed the induction of the indicated proteins by ET-1 and thrombin. (tmu.edu.tw)

If this fails to restore the normal folding process, exposed hydrophobic residues of the misfolded protein are bound by the protein glucose regulate protein 78 (Grp78), a heat shock protein 70kDa family member that prevents the protein from further transit and secretion. (wikipedia.org)
The chaperone EDEM guides the retrotranslocation of the misfolded protein back into the cytosol in transient complexes with PDI and Grp78. (wikipedia.org)
Neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) and vitamin D receptor (VDR) expression were measured, as well as ER stress markers, including glucose-regulated protein78 (GRP78), protein kinase-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK) phosphorylation, eukaryotic initiation factor 2 alpha(eIF-2 alpha) phosphorylation, and CCAAT enhancer-binding protein homologous protein (CHOP). (cheric.org)
Our data showed increased levels of the ER stress marker chaperone-binding protein/glucose regulated protein 78, GRP78-Bip, in RyR1 knockdown myotubes (+45%, P = 0.046), in mouse RyR1 recessive muscles (+58%, P = 0.001) and in human inflammatory (+96%, P = 0.006) and mitochondrial (+64%, P = 0.049) myopathy muscles. (genomyx.ch)

The protein is implicated in adipogenesis and erythropoiesis, is activated by endoplasmic reticulum stress, and promotes apoptosis. (novusbio.com)
Akt pathways have effects on apoptosis, protein synthesis, metabolism and cell cycle. (springer.com)

This process activates protein kinase R (PKR)-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK), inositol-requiring kinase 1 and activating transcription factor (ATF) 6, and initiates unfolded protein response (UPR) signaling pathways ( 13 , 14 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Knockdown of PERK expression via small interfering RNA (siRNA) significantly reduced the increases in CCN2, α-SMA, Col I, and Col IV proteins in WI-38 cells according to western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry (IHC). (tmu.edu.tw)
Thapsigargin (TG), an ER stress inducer, elevated expressions of PERK and ER stress-related proteins with increased differentiation of WI-38 cells. (tmu.edu.tw)
CUR concentration-dependently inhibited ET-1- or thrombin-induced CCN2, α-SMA, and vimentin proteins with decreased levels of phosphorylated mitogen-activated protein kinase and PERK in WI-38 cells. (tmu.edu.tw)
Under normal conditions, BiP binds to the lumenal domains of Ire1α, Ire1β and PERK (Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2-alpha kinase 3), and prevents their homodimerization transport to the Golgi apparatus. (russnewton.com)
PERK phosphorylates eIF2, which blocks the binding of the initiator Met-tRNA to the ribosome leading to its inactivation, and thus to a rapid reduction of translational initiation and repression of global protein synthesis. (russnewton.com)

This is called the unfolded protein response (UPR). (russnewton.com)

cell lines, these transcripts are translated into immunodetectable cytoplasmic and nuclear protein. (justia.com)
UDP-GlcNAc is then used for N-linked and O-linked glycosylation in the ER and Golgi and for O-GlcNAc modification of nuclear and cytoplasmic proteins by OGT (O-GlcNAc transferase). (biomedcentral.com)

In this scenario, the UPR has three aims: initially to restore normal function of the cell by halting protein translation, degrading misfolded proteins, and activating the signalling pathways that lead to increasing the production of molecular chaperones involved in protein folding. (wikipedia.org)
One recommended mode of actions consists of fucoidan-induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) tension that induces apoptotic cancers cell loss of life via the activation of unfolded protein response (UPR) pathways [14,16,17]. (irjs.info)
AMPK pathways inhibit biosynthetic pathways with energy consumption, such as protein, fatty acid and glycogen synthesis. (springer.com)

virtually every tissue expresses at least one family member, consistent with a critical role for TEAD proteins in either cell proliferation or differentiation. (embl-heidelberg.de)

Several types of cellular stress, including hypoxia ( 8 ), infection ( 9 ), nutrient deprivation ( 10 ), oxidative stress ( 11 ) and dysfunctional calcium homeostasis ( 12 ), may induce accumulation of unfolded proteins in the ER lumen. (spandidos-publications.com)
A newly identified protein-binding site (MLPal) located within DEN affects transcription only in T cells, and its deletion attenuates the ability of an MCF13 virus with a single enhancer repeat to induce thymic lymphoma. (archive.org)

It maintains specific transmembrane receptor proteins involved in initiation of the downstream signalling of the UPR in an inactive state by binding to their luminal domains. (wikipedia.org)

GADD153 is a small nuclear protein that is capable of dimerizing with transcription factors C/EBP alpha and beta. (thermofisher.com)

It is an exclusively free amino acid, i.e. it is not incorporated into proteins, but still widely distributed in most body tissues. (intechopen.com)
L-Arginine ((S)-(+)-Arginine) is the substrate for the endothelial nitric oxide synthase ( eNOS ) to generate NO. L-Arginine is transported into vascular smooth muscle cells by the cationic amino acid transporter family of proteins where it is metabolized to nitric oxide (NO), polyamines, or L-proline. (medchemexpress.com)
The IB1cDNA encodes a 714 amino acid protein with a proline-rich region and a putative basic helix-loop-helix domain (bHLH). (justia.com)
Phosphorylation of eIF2α on Ser51 inhibits 5' cap-dependent mRNA translation, resulting in the global suppression of protein synthesis to facilitate adaptation to a variety of stresses linked to protein synthesis, including proteotoxic stress, viral replication, heme depletion and amino acid withdrawal [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
The 72-amino acid TEA DNA binding domains in mTEAD-2, 3, and 4 are approximately 99% homologous to the same domain in mTEAD-1, and all four proteins bind specifically to the same DNA sequences in vitro with a Kd value of 16-38 nM DNA. (embl-heidelberg.de)

Fusion of this gene and FUS on chromosome 16 or EWSR1 on chromosome 22 induced by translocation generates chimeric proteins in myxoid liposarcomas or Ewing sarcoma. (novusbio.com)

Antibodies bound to the blocking peptide no longer bind to the epitope on the target protein. (affbiotech.com)
Seasonal vaccination induced cross-reactive neuraminidase inhibition and binding antibodies to N9, but minimal cross-reactive antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) antibodies to A(H7N9). (cdc.gov)

PCDH20 mRNA and protein expression is significantly downregulated in the colonic epithelium of Crohn's disease patients and mice with induced colitis compared with controls. (biomedcentral.com)
Unlike miRNAs whose central function is to restrain mRNA translation by inducing degradation, lncRNAs can act as numerous roles to exert their functions by directly or indirectly interacting with DNA, RNA or protein, even can encode some short peptides (Fig. 3 a-d) [ 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

better source needed] The term protein folding incorporates all the processes involved in the production of a protein after the nascent polypeptides have become synthesized by the ribosomes. (wikipedia.org)
Met-tRNAi Functions in Directing the Scanning Ribosome to the Start Site of Translation, and the ribosomes translate RNA into proteins that are then folded.If that folding goes wrong, for example because of a DNA mutation, a translation error, too much or too little of some chemicals or chemicals replacing amino acids, (partly)unfolded proteins remain in the RER. (russnewton.com)

The unfolded protein response (UPR) is a cellular stress response related to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. (wikipedia.org)
Inversely, the C/EBP GADD153 dimer gains binding activity to other non classical C/EBP stress related targets. (thermofisher.com)
Under normal cellular conditions this protein is not expressed in detectable levels, but is highly unregulated during times of cellular/ER stress. (thermofisher.com)
Under ER stress conditions, BiP binds to unfolded proteins and thereby renders each transducer to activate. (russnewton.com)
ER Stress and Protein Misfolding in Autism (and IP3R again) and perhaps what to do about it - Activation of Sigma-1 Chaperone Activity by Afobazole? (epiphanyasd.com)
The emotional stress reaction (ESR) in these animals is associated with weaker binding capacity of the benzodiazepine site in GABAA receptor [6]. (epiphanyasd.com)
Transformation of ESR into the cell stress augments reception in the domain responsible for binding the endo- and exogenous ligands of sigma 1 receptor chaperon protein (Sigma1R) [1] responsible for adaptive reactions [8]. (epiphanyasd.com)

The eIF2α kinases phosphorylate Ser51 of eIF2α which leads to suppression of global protein synthesis but selective enhancement of translation of some mRNAs, such as that encoding ATF4. (biomedcentral.com)
GADD34 in turn dephosphorylates phospho-Ser51 of eIF2α thereby stimulating protein synthesis. (affbiotech.com)
Recent studies indicate that nutrient fluctuations and insulin resistance increase proinsulin synthesis in β cells beyond the capacity for folding of nascent polypeptides within the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) lumen, thereby disrupting ER homeostasis and triggering the unfolded protein response (UPR). (jci.org)

The proteins destined to be secreted or sorted to other cell organelles carry an N-terminal signal sequence that will interact with a signal recognition particle (SRP). (wikipedia.org)
Once the sequence has "docked", the protein continues translation, with the resultant strand being fed through the polypeptide translocator directly into the ER. (wikipedia.org)
When tested in vitro, IB1 bound specifically to the GTII cis element of the GLUT2 gene and to an homologous regulatory sequence of the insulin promoter termed RIPE3. (justia.com)
This rat insulin promoter element 3 (RIPE3) is an important enhancer sequence sufficient to confer .beta. (justia.com)
A nucleotide sequence comparison revealed that the MCF13 MLV LTR contains sequences highly homologous to the protein-binding sites identified in the Mo-MLV LTR. (archive.org)
The T-box is defined as the minimal region within the T-box protein that is both necessary and sufficient for sequence-specific DNA binding, all members of the family so far examined bind to the DNA consensus sequence TCACACCT. (embl-heidelberg.de)

In S. cerevisiae the p39 subunit contains WD repeats, these are thought to mediate protein-protein interactions. (jlresearch.com.au)
This effect, however, was dependent on the copy number of enhancer repeats and was detectable in the presence of a single repeat. (archive.org)
This effect was most marked when one rather than two enhancer repeats was present in the mutant viruses. (archive.org)

The UPR is activated in response to an accumulation of unfolded or misfolded proteins in the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum. (wikipedia.org)

By a deletion analysis of the MCF MLV LTR, we demonstrated that a region in the enhancer that includes the LVb, core, and LVc sites was responsible for a large amount of transcriptional activity in both T cells and fibroblasts (23). (archive.org)

The aforementioned sugar molecule remains the means by which the cell monitors protein folding, as the misfolding protein becomes characteristically devoid of glucose residues, targeting it for identification and re-glycosylation by the enzyme UGGT (UDP-glucose:glycoprotein glucosyltransferase). (wikipedia.org)
The GLUT2 facilitated glucose transporter isoform is a membrane protein present in the pancreatic .beta. (justia.com)

The ER is capable of recognizing misfolding proteins without causing disruption to the functioning of the ER. (wikipedia.org)
However, where circumstances cause a more global disruption to protein folding that overwhelms the ER's coping mechanisms, the UPR is activated. (wikipedia.org)

This Antibody was verified by Cell treatment to ensure that the antibody binds to the antigen stated. (thermofisher.com)
Blocking peptides are peptides that bind specifically to the target antibody and block antibody binding. (affbiotech.com)
Renowned as the #1 antibody event in the industry, this year's agenda boasts 15 dedicated topic streams, 3 unmissable training course add-on options and will bring together more than 700 of the antibody and protein community. (cshlpress.com)

The notion that the activity of this downstream region is mediated by transactivating factors is supported by the observations that protein binding occurs to analogous sites in the Friend and MCF13 MLV LTRs (32, 58). (archive.org)
In addition, we have identified by gel mobility shift and DNA footprinting analyses a 25-bp protein-binding site, MLPal, starting 15 bp downstream of the MCF13 MLV enhancer repeat (58, 59). (archive.org)

Full length human GADD153 Recombinant protein. (thermofisher.com)

Decreased ryanodine receptor type 1 (RyR1) protein levels are a well-described feature of recessive RYR1-related myopathies. (genomyx.ch)
Pimecrolimus binds to the receptor macrophilin-12 (FKBP-12) forming a complex that blocks the calcium-dependent signal transduction cascade mediated by calcineurin. (medindex.am)

With a series of deletion/point mutants, we identified CaM antagonist-responsive region in the putative Sp1-binding domain between -295 to -300 base pairs of DR5 gene. (oncotarget.com)
Influenza virus non-structural protein 1 (NS1) counteracts host antiviral innate immune responses by inhibiting Retinoic acid inducible gene-I (RIG-I) activation. (cdc.gov)

Her work here is focussed on providing structural and mechanistic insight into the activity of diadenylate cyclase DacA, an essential membrane protein responsible for the production of c-di-AMP in Staphylococcus aureus . (imperial.ac.uk)

Favoured by the highly oxidizing environment of the ER, protein disulfide isomerases facilitate formation of disulfide bonds, which confer structural stability to the protein in order for it to withstand adverse conditions such as extremes of pH and degradative enzymes. (wikipedia.org)

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a class of endogenous, non-protein coding RNAs that are highly linked to various cellular functions and pathological process. (biomedcentral.com)

WB: For western blot detection of denatured protein samples. (affbiotech.com)

Protein folding steps involve a range of enzymes and molecular chaperones to coordinate and regulate reactions, in addition to a range of substrates required in order for the reactions to take place. (wikipedia.org)
Disclaimer note: The observed molecular weight of the protein may vary from the listed predicted molecular weight due to post translational modifications, post translation cleavages, relative charges, and other experimental factors. (novusbio.com)
Proteomics, lipidomics, molecular biology and transmission electron microscopy approaches were used to decipher the alterations associated with the reduction of RyR1 protein levels. (genomyx.ch)
Proteomics data showed that depletion of RyR1 protein in C2C12 myoblasts leads to myotubes recapitulating the common molecular alterations observed in myopathies. (genomyx.ch)

In such circumstances the protein is guided through endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD). (wikipedia.org)

The aim of the present study was twofold: (1) to determine whether RyR1 content is also decreased in other myopathies and (2) to investigate the mechanisms by which decreased RyR1 protein triggers muscular disorders. (genomyx.ch)

An overwhelming load of misfolded proteins or simply the over-expression of proteins (e.g. (wikipedia.org)
Three new adenosine deaminase mutations that define a splicing enhancer and cause severe and partial phenotypes: implications for evolution of a CpG hotspot and expression of a transduced ADA cDNA. (lu.se)

The most effective enhancer in cleavage stage mouse embryos depends on DNA binding sites for TEF-1, the prototype for a family of transcription factors that share the same TEA DNA binding domain. (embl-heidelberg.de)

Once dimerized, this complex inhibits the normal binding and function of C/EBP to classical binding sites. (thermofisher.com)

Anatomy2

Chemicals and Drugs9

Phenomena and Processes7

Information Science2

CCAAT14

CHOP8

Receptors5

Genes7

Immunoglobulin protein1

Inhibitor3

Grp784

Apoptosis2

PERK6

Called the unfolded protein1

Cytoplasmic2

Pathways3

Differentiation1

Induce2

Transmembrane1

Nuclear1

Amino acid5

Chimeric1

Antibodies2

MRNA2

Ribosomes2

Stress7

Synthesis3

Sequence6

Repeats3

Accumulation1

Transcriptional1

Glucose2

Disruption2

Antibody3

Downstream2

GADD1531

Receptor2

Gene2

Membrane protein1

Confer1

Cellular1

Western blot1

Molecular4

Degradation1

Mechanisms1

Expression2

Family1

Inhibits1