Endothelium dependent coronary. Medical search. Frequent questions

Conclusions: These findings suggest that endothelium-dependent dilatation of the resistance coronary arteries is defective in patients with anginal chest pain and normal coronary arteries, which may contribute to the altered regulation of myocardial perfusion in these patients. (elsevierpure.com)
A group of patients who have angina-like chest pain, ischemic ST-segment depressions on their electrocardiograms during exercise testing, angiographically normal coronary arteries without coronary-artery spasm, and normal ventricular function has been described by many investigators 1 - 3 . (elsevierpure.com)
Impairment of vasorelaxation in nonstented proximal and distal segments of stented coronary arteries is more severe with drug-eluting stents than bare-metal stents, and stent-induced flow disturbances resulting in complex spatiotemporal shear stress can also contribute to increased thrombogenicity and inflammation. (nature.com)
OBJECTIVE To determine how magnesium affects human coronary arteries and whether endothelium derived nitric oxide (EDNO) is involved in the coronary arterial response to magnesium. (bmj.com)
DESIGN Quantitative coronary angiography and Doppler flow velocity measurements were used to determine the effects of the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor N G -monomethyl- L -arginine (L-NMMA) on magnesium induced dilation of the epicardial and resistance coronary arteries. (bmj.com)
PATIENTS 17 patients with angiographically normal coronary arteries. (bmj.com)
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Diameter of the proximal and distal segments of the epicardial coronary arteries and coronary blood flow. (bmj.com)
RESULTS At a dose of 0.02 mmol/min, MgSO 4 did not affect the coronary arteries. (bmj.com)
CONCLUSIONS Magnesium dilates both the epicardial and resistance coronary arteries in humans. (bmj.com)
All patients had angiographically normal epicardial coronary arteries, normal left ventricular function (contrast ventriculographic ejection fraction ⩾ 50%) and a normal coronary flow reserve. (bmj.com)
This condition is also known as angina with normal coronary arteries. (medscape.com)
Patients with angina and normal coronary arteries at angiography, fulfilling the diagnostic criteria of cardiac syndrome X (CSX), have an excellent prognosis based on the past evidence. (medscape.com)
The Women's Ischemic Syndrome Evaluation study (WISE study), the largest and most thoroughly investigated cohort of middle-aged women with cardiac syndrome X, showed that 5-year annualized event rates for cardiovascular events were 16.0% in women with nonobstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) (stenosis in any coronary artery of 1%-49%) and 7.9% in women with normal coronary arteries (stenosis of 0% in all coronary arteries). (medscape.com)
Whether in coronary or peripheral arteries, response to pharmacological agents and/or to hemodynamic provocation tests is assessed as a measure of endothelial function (2). (escardio.org)
Atherosclerosis and endothelial dysfunction are diffuse disease processes affecting coronary and peripheral arteries, hence, the physiological basis in assessing endothelium-dependent vasomotion in peripheral vessels. (escardio.org)
Objective: The effect of the nitric oxide donor, SIN-1, in proximal and distal coronary arteries with normal endothelium was characterised before and after inhibition of NO synthesis with L-nitroarginine methyl ester (L-NAME). (eurekamag.com)
In control dogs (group 1) acetylcholine caused relaxation in proximal and distal coronary arteries (p gt 0.05). (eurekamag.com)
No difference in responsiveness of left circumflex or left anterior descending coronary arteries was observed in the control group. (eurekamag.com)
In group 2 the response to acetylcholine was significantly (p lt 0.05) attenuated in left circumflex coronary arteries exposed to ischaemia and reperfusion compared with left anterior descending control rings from the same heart. (eurekamag.com)
Conclusions: Endothelium dependent vasodilatation is attenuated by ischaemia and reperfusion in both proximal and distal coronary arteries of the size studied. (eurekamag.com)
The response to direct nitric oxide donation (bypassing vascular endothelial synthesis of EDRF) is inhibited by a basal endothelial process present in proximal coronary arteries only. (eurekamag.com)
However, the long term prognosis and natural history of Kawasaki disease, particularly in patients with regressed coronary aneurysms or with normal coronary arteries, remain uncertain. (bmj.com)
On the basis of our own 3-11 and other 12-14 previous studies, we felt there was a need to examine prospectively the long term consequences of regressed coronary aneurysms and normal coronary arteries after Kawasaki disease. (bmj.com)
Intravascular ultrasound imaging of coronary arteries now allows detailed visualisation of coronary wall morphology and the healing process in patients with Kawasaki disease. (bmj.com)
10 , 14 , 15 Acetylcholine chloride, an endothelium dependent vasodilator, is believed to dilate normal coronary arteries by promoting the release of a vasorelaxant substance from the endothelium, probably nitric oxide (NO). 15-20 In coronary atherosclerosis, muscarinic cholinergic vasodilatation is impaired, and paradoxical vasoconstriction is induced by acetylcholine. (bmj.com)
Volatile anesthetics attenuate agonist-induced endothelium-dependent vasodilation of coronary arteries. (silverchair.com)
In rat subepicardial arteries, flow-induced dilation is endothelium-dependent and mediated by both NO and a prostanoid. (silverchair.com)
Volatile anesthetics attenuate agonist-mediated endothelium-dependent vasodilation (EDD) of both conductance [3,4] and resistance arteries [5,6] in vitro and of pulmonary vessels in vivo. (silverchair.com)
We studied changes in pressure gradient across isolated coronary resistance arteries while keeping the intravascular pressure constant to remove any myogenic effects. (silverchair.com)
Effects of red and white wine on endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation of rat aorta and human coronary arteries. (brarehealth.com)
The effects of Up 4 A were investigated using wire-myography in isolated coronary small arteries from Sham-operated swine and swine with prolonged (8 weeks) pressure overload of the left ventricle induced by aortic banding (AoB). (mdrresearch.nl)
Expression of purinergic receptors and endothelium-derived factors was assessed in isolated coronary small arteries using real-time PCR. (mdrresearch.nl)
Up 4 A (10 -9 to 10 -5 M) failed to produce contraction in isolated coronary small arteries from either Sham or AoB swine, but produced relaxation in preconstricted arteries, which was significantly blunted in AoB compared to Sham. (mdrresearch.nl)
In endothelium-denuded coronary small arteries from normal swine, thromboxane synthase (TxS) inhibition enhanced relaxation to Up 4 A compared to endothelium-intact arteries, to a similar extent as P2Y 12 inhibition, while the combination inhibition of P2Y 12 and TxS had no additional effect. (mdrresearch.nl)
Vitamin C Improves Endothelial Dysfunction of Epicardial Coronary Arteries in Hypertensive Patients. (drcalapai.com)
Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that the antioxidant vitamin C could improve abnormal endothelial function of coronary arteries in patients with hypertension. (drcalapai.com)
Conclusions Vitamin C improves the endothelium-dependent vasomotor capacity of coronary arteries in patients with hypertension and patent coronary arteries. (drcalapai.com)
Given that coronary resistance arteries are the primary regulators of myocardial blood flow, we examined the effects of obesity and medication on dilator function in coronary microvessels. (biomedcentral.com)
Compared to Internal Thoracic Arteries (ITA) Human Saphenous Veins (HSV) demonstrate worse patency when used for Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG) [ 5 , 6 ]. (longdom.org)
Patent venous grafts are even associated with an increased risk of disease progression in the native coronary arteries compared with patent arterial grafts [ 13 ]. (longdom.org)
Macroscopically unchanged Human Saphenous Veins (HSV, 10-20 mm long, inner diameter 1-3 mm) were obtained from 54 patients (40 male, 14 female) during Coronary Arteries Bypass Grafting (CABG) procedure before implantation and from surgical removal of varicose veins. (longdom.org)
Plasma nitrite/nitrate levels decreased in 1/2Nx and 5/6Nx, and the mRNA expressions of dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase-II (DDAH-II), ADMA-degrading enzyme, and endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) in coronary arteries were downregulated in 1/2Nx and 5/6Nx. (elsevierpure.com)
The dysfunction is attributed to the downregulation of eNOS and/or DDAH-II in coronary arteries. (elsevierpure.com)
Signaling and structures underpinning conducted vasodilation in human and porcine intramyocardial coronary arteries. (ox.ac.uk)
Background: Adequate blood flow into coronary micro-arteries is essential for myocardial function. (ox.ac.uk)
Here we assess the mechanisms responsible for amplifying blood flow into myogenically-contracting human and porcine intramyocardial micro-arteries ex vivo using endothelium-dependent and -independent vasodilators. (ox.ac.uk)
Methods: Human and porcine atrial and ventricular small intramyocardial coronary arteries (IMCAs) were studied with pressure myography and imaged using confocal microscopy and serial section/3-D reconstruction EM. (ox.ac.uk)
Overview of Coronary Artery Disease Coronary artery disease (CAD) involves impairment of blood flow through the coronary arteries, most commonly by atheromas. (msdmanuals.com)

Conclusion: These findings suggest that endothelium mediated vasodilation is preserved in CHF, but that increased extravascular compressive forces act to limit the increase in CBF. (umn.edu)
Nanoparticle inhalation impairs endothelium-dependent vasodilation in subepicardial arterioles. (cdc.gov)
Overall, there was a non-significant trend towards increased endothelium-dependent vasodilation following both acute and chronic FVPD consumption. (cambridge.org)
This study considered the hypothesis that the anesthetics may also attenuate flow-induced endothelium-dependent vasodilation. (silverchair.com)
In a subgroup of 10 patients, papaverine-induced flow-dependent vasodilation (FDD) was measured before and after vitamin C (5 patients) or placebo (5 patients) infusion. (drcalapai.com)
Effects of oral L-arginine on endothelium-dependent vasodilation and markers of inflammation in healthy postmenopausal women. (therapeuticresearch.com)
L-arginine improves endothelium-dependent vasodilation in hypercholesterolemic humans. (therapeuticresearch.com)
Finally, 4-wk treatment with all-trans retinoic acid restored the impaired endothelium-dependent vasodilation and reversed the expression of eNOS but not DDAH-II. (elsevierpure.com)
Immunolabelling showed small- and intermediate-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channels (KCa) present in the endothelium of both species, and concentration-dependent vasodilation to bradykinin followed activation of these KCa channels. (ox.ac.uk)

Objective: The increase in coronary blood flow (CBF) in response to endothelium-dependent vasodilators is reduced in congestive heart failure (CHF) suggesting endothelial dysfunction. (umn.edu)

Atherosclerosis starts with dysfunctional changes in the endothelium induced by disturbed shear stress which can lead to endothelial and platelet activation, adhesion of monocytes on the activated endothelium, and differentiation into proinflammatory macrophages, which increase the uptake of oxidized LDL (oxLDL) and turn into foam cells, exacerbating the inflammatory signalling. (hindawi.com)
Therefore, with the aim to summarize the current knowledge on the initiation of the atherosclerotic process, in this paper, we review the early markers of atherosclerosis and we address the main therapeutic targets for preventing atheroma formation at its very initial stages focusing on inflammation, oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, and the interaction between platelets and endothelium. (hindawi.com)
Reciprocal relationships between endothelial dysfunction and insulin resistance may help couple hemodynamic and metabolic abnormalities observed in important interrelated public health problems, including diabetes, obesity, hypertension, coronary heart disease, atherosclerosis, and the metabolic syndrome ( 3 , 4 ). (diabetesjournals.org)
As it may play a role in coronary atherosclerosis in patients with diabetes, reducing EAT volume through physical exercise, improved diet and pharmaceutical interventions may improve future cardiovascular risk outcomes in this population. (researchsquare.com)
Therefore, these findings strengthen the hypothesis that endothelial dysfunction may be an early stage of coronary atherosclerosis. (eurekaselect.com)
Handling, storage solution and distension to overcome spasm and identify leaking branches have been suggested to be responsible for the thrombosis, neointimal hyperplasia and atherosclerosis that contribute to vein graft failure in Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG) operations [ 11 , 14 , 15 ]. (longdom.org)
By contrast, the ITA never has been exposed to those forces and show little if any evidence of atherosclerosis when used for Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG). (longdom.org)

[ 21 ] In postmenopausal women with cardiac syndrome X, estrogen replacement therapy improves coronary endothelial function, decreases anginal frequency, and improves exercise-induced angina. (medscape.com)
Numerous methods for evaluating the peripheral arterial system have emerged as alternatives to coronary endothelial function testing. (escardio.org)
Several invasive (intracoronary or intrabrachial infusions of vasoacting agents) and non-invasive techniques (assessment of flow mediated vasodilatation in the brachial artery by ultrasound) have been developed during the last few years to evaluate endothelial function in the coronary and peripheral circulation. (eurekaselect.com)
Background There is evidence for increased formation of free radicals in patients with hypertension, raising the possibility that NO is inactivated by free radicals, which impairs coronary endothelial function. (drcalapai.com)
Long-term L-arginine improves small-vessel coronary endothelial function in humans. (therapeuticresearch.com)
Coronary endothelial function is impaired in the early stage of CKD. (elsevierpure.com)

The diameter of the left anterior descending coronary artery was assessed by quantitative angiography, and changes in coronary blood flow were estimated with the use of an intracoronary Doppler catheter. (elsevierpure.com)
seven men, 10 women) undergoing coronary angiography for the evaluation of chest pain. (bmj.com)
Cardiac syndrome X (CSX) is broadly defined as typical angina-like chest pain with evidence of myocardial ischemia in the absence of flow-limiting stenosis on coronary angiography. (medscape.com)
Multiple studies have suggested that abnormalities in pain perception are the principal abnormality in patients with chest pain and normal findings on coronary angiography. (medscape.com)
and group 4 comprised the six patients with congenital heart disease as controls, with a total of 27 normal coronary angiography sites. (bmj.com)
During coronary angiography, 15 μg of acetylcholine and 0.5 mg isosorbide dinitrate were infused into the coronary artery. (bmj.com)
RESULTS Coronary angiography in all 22 patients in groups 1 and 2 and in all the patients in group 3 was normal, with no stenoses and no irregularity of the arterial wall. (bmj.com)
The present diagnostic paradigm in patients with angina pectoris is focused on likelihood and subsequent identification of obstructive CAD PATHOPHYSIOLOGIC BASIS (3, 4), but most patients referred for assessment do not fulfill criteria for invasive coronary angiography (ICA), and in the Under resting conditions, the coronary blood flow is kept subset of patients ultimately examined with ICA, many patients, constant at varying coronary pressures. (readkong.com)
Segmental responses of the coronary artery luminal area were analyzed with quantitative coronary angiography. (drcalapai.com)

However, endothelium that has regenerated after percutaneous coronary intervention is incompetent in terms of its integrity and function, with poorly formed cell junctions, reduced expression of antithrombotic molecules, and decreased nitric oxide production. (nature.com)
One potential mechanism responsible for magnesium induced coronary dilation involves activation of the endothelium derived nitric oxide (EDNO) pathway. (bmj.com)
In addition, we determined whether EDNO contributes to the coronary vascular response to magnesium by using N G -monomethyl- L -arginine (L-NMMA), a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor. (bmj.com)
L-Arginine induces vasodilatation through enhanced production of nitric oxide (NO) in the cerebral endothelium. (hindawi.com)
In addition to its essential metabolic actions, insulin also has important endothelial-dependent vasodilator actions mediated by nitric oxide (NO) via phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI 3-kinase)-dependent activation of endothelial NO synthase ( 5 - 9 ). (diabetesjournals.org)
Nevertheless, several pharmacological agents have been suggested to achieve vascular protection through different mechanisms beyond their primary therapeutic actions: ACE-inhibitors, statins, third generation of beta-blockers (nebivolol), endothelium-derived nitric oxide synthesis (tetrahydrobiopterin, BH4) and antioxidants agents. (eurekaselect.com)
Although deranged nitric oxide (NO) pathways and asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) cause endothelial dysfunction, no direct evidence for coronary artery endothelial dysfunction in CKD has been documented. (elsevierpure.com)

Methods: We measured CBF responses to intracoronary doses of the endothelium-dependent vasodilators acetylcholine (ACH) and bradykinin (BK) and the endothelium-independent vasodilator sodium nitroprusside (SNP) in the same eight dogs before (control) and after CHF was produced by 23±3 days of rapid ventricular pacing. (umn.edu)
Methods: We infused the endothelium-dependent vasodilator acetylcholine and the endothelium-independent vasodilators papaverine and isosorbide dinitrate into the left coronary artery of 9 patients and 10 control subjects. (elsevierpure.com)
Results: Acetylcholine, given in doses of 1, 3, 10, and 30 μg per minute, increased coronary blood flow in a dose-dependent manner in both groups. (elsevierpure.com)
The three lower doses of acetylcholine caused a similar degree of dilatation of the left anterior descending coronary artery in the two groups, and the highest dose caused a similar degree of constriction in the two groups. (elsevierpure.com)
The effects of acetylcholine and SIN-1 on the tone of left circumflex and left anterior descending coronary vascular rings were examined before and after treatment with L-NAME. (eurekamag.com)
Methods and Results In 22 hypertensive patients without relevant coronary artery stenoses, endothelium-dependent vascular responses of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) to acetylcholine (0.01, 0.1, and 1.0 µmol/L) were determined before and immediately after intravenous infusion of 3 g vitamin C (17 patients) or placebo (5 patients). (drcalapai.com)
Coronary circulatory responses to acetylcholine revealed marked increases in coronary blood flow in control group (83 ± 17% increment) but blunted responses in 1/2Nx (34 ± 8% increment) and 5/6Nx (20 ± 4% increment). (elsevierpure.com)

We attempted to determine whether endothelium-dependent vasodilatation of the coronary vasculature was impaired in patients with this syndrome. (elsevierpure.com)
Endothelial dysfunction is characterized by an impairment of endothelium-dependent vasodilatation. (eurekaselect.com)

Oral L-arginine improves endothelium-dependent dilation in hypercholesterolemic young adults. (therapeuticresearch.com)
Bradykinin-induced coronary dilation was assessed by videomicroscopy in ex vivo coronary arterioles obtained from 64 consecutive patients undergoing heart surgery. (biomedcentral.com)
Bradykinin elicited substantial dilation in coronary arterioles, with a similar magnitude in obese and non-obese patients (to 10 -8 M: 55 ± 5% vs. 46 ± 5%, P = 0.20), but with significantly enhanced sensitivity in obesity (EC50: 8.2x10 -9 M vs. 1.9x10 -8 M, respectively, P = 0.03). (biomedcentral.com)
Moreover, obese patients with or without statin exhibited significantly increased coronary dilation to bradykinin, when compared to non-obese patients without statin therapy. (biomedcentral.com)

Coronary vascular resistance (CVR) at each concentration of vasodilator before and after the development of CHF was corrected for estimated coronary back pressure: CVR=(P Ao -LVEDP)/CBF, where P Ao is mean aortic pressure. (umn.edu)
Some patients with this constellation of findings (sometimes called syndrome X) have attenuated coronary flow reserve in response to metabolic or pharmacologic vasodilator stimuli (i.e., microvascular angina) 2 , 3 . (elsevierpure.com)
By restoring phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-dependent effects, rosiglitazone and/or enalapril therapy of SHRs also significantly improved vasodilator responses to insulin in MVB preconstricted with NE ex vivo. (diabetesjournals.org)
Since pressure-overload is accompanied by structural abnormalities in the coronary microvasculature as well as by endothelial dysfunction, we hypothesized that pressure-overload blunts the coronary vasodilator response to Up 4 A, and that the involvement of purinergic receptors and endothelium-derived factors is altered. (mdrresearch.nl)

CONCLUSIONS There is evidence of persisting abnormal vascular wall morphology and vascular dysfunction at the site of regressed coronary aneurysms in patients with previous Kawasaki disease. (bmj.com)
Conclusions: These data extend our understanding of the mechanisms that coordinate human coronary microvascular blood flow and the mechanistic overlap with porcine IMCAs. (ox.ac.uk)

[ 1 ] [ref60} Cannon et al termed this entity, characterized by a decrease in coronary flow reserve without epicardial artery stenosis, microvascular angina (MVA). (medscape.com)
2.0 were also excluded based on the suspicion of significant coronary artery stenosis. (biomedcentral.com)
Myocardial FFR has been used as an index of functional severity of coronary artery stenosis. (medscape.com)
FFR represents the fraction of the normal maximal coronary flow that can be achieved in an artery in which flow is restricted by a coronary stenosis. (medscape.com)

Adherence to a DASH-Style Diet and Risk of Coronary Heart Disease and Stroke in Women (2008). (habinator.com)
Arginine intake and risk of coronary heart disease mortality in elderly men. (therapeuticresearch.com)

development of coronary artery disease (CAD) (1, 2). (readkong.com)
A number of recent studies have shown that the severity of endothelial dysfunction correlates with the development of coronary artery disease and predicts future cardiovascular events. (eurekaselect.com)

In five of the dogs with CHF the zero-flow pressure (P zf ), which reflects extravascular compressive forces in the maximally vasodilated coronary circulation (adenosine) was measured and found to strongly correlate with LVEDP (r=0.91). (umn.edu)
Given the adverse effects of obesity on the coronary circulation, one might predict inadequate coronary perfusion of the myocardium. (biomedcentral.com)

In isolated, pressurized (80 mmHg) coronary arterioles of obese and non-obese patient the active (73±4 vs. 79±13 μm) and passive (111 ± 5.5 vs. 118 ± 5.0 μm) diameters were similar. (biomedcentral.com)
Obesity and statin therapy are independently associated with an enhanced dilator function of coronary arterioles in patients undergoing heart surgery, which may offer a potential mechanism for the better cardiovascular outcome described earlier as the obesity paradox. (biomedcentral.com)
We hypothesized that coronary arterioles may adapt to the hemodynamic changes in obesity in order to meet the increased metabolic needs in the diseased heart [ 12 , 13 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

In rat coronary vessels, PKA mediates inhibition of calcium-independent phospholipase A and calcium influx which results in relaxation of the vasculature. (wikipedia.org)
inhibition of the synthesis of endothelium derived relaxing factor (EDRF) by L-NAME resulted in an enhanced response to SIN-1 in proximal vessels only. (eurekamag.com)
Endothelium forms the inner cellular lining of blood vessels and plays an important role in many physiological functions including the control of vasomotor tone. (hindawi.com)
The endothelium forms the inner cellular lining of blood vessels. (hindawi.com)
Cerebral endothelium is a one cell layer on the inner wall of the vessels and as such is a difficult subject to image. (hindawi.com)

[1] When flow increases in a coronary vessel, the resulting increase in shear stress on the endothelium leads to the production of endothelium-derived relaxing factor(s). [2] Although metabolic control may be primarily responsible for the close matching of coronary blood flow to tissue needs, myogenic and endothelial regulatory mechanisms play synergistic roles via transduction of intravascular pressure and flow, respectively. (silverchair.com)

However, after correction for the elevated LVEDP in CHF, the response of CVR to the endothelium-dependent vasodilators was not different from normal. (umn.edu)

Therefore, in the present study we investigated the coronary vascular responses to intracoronary infusion of magnesium. (bmj.com)

Methods: In vitro reactivity of preconstricted coronary arterial rings was studied in control dogs (group 1), and dogs in which the left circumflex coronary artery was subjected in vivo to four acute occlusions of 5 min duration, with three intervening reperfusion periods of 5 min and a final reperfusion period of 60 min (group 2). (eurekamag.com)

Background: A group of patients has been described who have chest pain resembling angina and positive exercise tests, but normal coronary angiograms and no coronary-artery spasm. (elsevierpure.com)
The changes in coronary blood flow in response to 2 mg of isosorbide dinitrate (236 ±66 percent vs. 280 ±56 percent) and 10 mg of papaverine (366 ±168 percent vs. 411 ±92 percent) did not differ significantly between the patients and controls. (elsevierpure.com)
4-7 In the setting of coronary artery disease, several studies have shown the efficacy of magnesium infusion in patients with acute myocardial infarction, 4 vasospastic angina, 5 and unstable angina. (bmj.com)
However, in certain patients, a paradoxical vasoconstriction event ensues (4) such that this technique actually carries a risk of coronary ischemia. (escardio.org)
Three hundred patients undergoing elective coronary artery bypass graft surgery were prospectively enrolled and randomly assigned to either normothermic (35.5-36.5 degrees C) or hypothermic (28-30 degrees C) CPB. (asahq.org)
REVIEW published: 29 October 2021 doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.723542 Doppler Echocardiography Assessment of Coronary Microvascular Function in Patients With Angina and No Obstructive Coronary Artery Disease Jakob Schroder* and Eva Prescott Department of Cardiology, Bispebjerg Frederiksberg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark Edited by: Echocardiographic evaluation is an essential part of the diagnostic work-up in Tim van de Hoef, Academic Medical patients with known or suspected cardiovascular disease. (readkong.com)
Association with symptoms and prognosis, Doppler Echocardiography comparison with alternative invasive and non-invasive imaging modalities, and possible Assessment of Coronary Microvascular Function in Patients interventions in angina patients with low CFVR were discussed, and key research With Angina and No Obstructive questions were proposed. (readkong.com)
Schroder and Prescott CFVR in Non-obstructive Angina INTRODUCTION and prognosis, comparison with alternative invasive and non- invasive imaging modalities, and possible interventions in angina Coronary artery disease remains one of the leading causes of patients with low CFVR were discussed. (readkong.com)
Ultimately, only a coronary blood flow is increased due to a simultaneous increase fraction of angina patients is treated with revascularization (5- in coronary perfusion pressure and a decrease in coronary 7). (readkong.com)
Because microvascular disease has been regarded as an important cause of heart failure or diastolic dysfunction in diabetic patients, we tested the hypothesis that coronary flow reserve (CFR), which reflects coronary microvascular function, is associated with LV diastolic dysfunction in patients with type 2 diabetes. (biomedcentral.com)
With regard to heart failure, the Framingham study [ 2 ] revealed that the risk for congestive heart failure is greatly increased in patients with diabetes, and this is independent of underlying coronary artery disease and other cardiovascular risk factors. (biomedcentral.com)

Furthermore, the coronary arterial response to magnesium is dose dependent and independent of EDNO. (bmj.com)

New guidelines on screening for cardiovascular risk, released in late 2013 by the American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology (AHA/ACC), recommend use of a revised calculator for estimating the 10-year risk of developing a first atherosclerotic CVD event, which is defined as nonfatal myocardial infarction, death from coronary heart disease, or stroke (fatal or nonfatal) in a person who was initially free from atherosclerotic CVD. (medscape.com)
The TTS patient presents with clinical features such as acute chest pain and dyspnea, bearing some similarity to the patient presenting with an acute myocardial infarction or an acute coronary syndrome (ACS) [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

In the absence of obstructive coronary artery disease, Andreas Seitz, Robert Bosch Hospital, Germany low TTDE-derived coronary flow velocity reserve (CFVR) is considered a marker of Gaetano Antonio Lanza, coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD). (readkong.com)

Furthermore, the manipulation of NO pathways may constitute a therapeutic strategy for the prevention of coronary dysfunction in CKD. (elsevierpure.com)

The luminal diameter at the sites was measured using a cine-videodensitometric analyser, to assess the distensibility of the coronary artery wall. (bmj.com)

Oral L-arginine improves endothelium-dependent dilatation and reduces monocyte adhesion to endothelial cells in young men with coronary artery disease. (therapeuticresearch.com)

The unusual presence of l-SMCs provides an additional pathway for rapid intercellular signaling between cells of the coronary artery wall. (ox.ac.uk)

9-11 However, only a few studies have investigated human coronary responses to magnesium infusion in vivo. (bmj.com)

Figure 1: The structure and function of healthy endothelium. (nature.com)
Ucn2 increases left ventricular function independent of the β-adrenergic receptor but dependent on the binding of Ucn2 to CFR2. (wikipedia.org)
Infusion of Ucn2 into rat hearts resulted in an immediate and significant improvement in left ventricle function, increased coronary flow, significantly altered intracellular calcium handling and increased SR calcium. (wikipedia.org)
Cerebral endothelium is probably one of the most specific types but until recently it was impossible to determine its function. (hindawi.com)
The authors hypothesized that, compared with normothermia, hypothermic CPB would result in superior neurologic and neurocognitive function after coronary artery bypass graft surgery. (asahq.org)
This result suggests a possible link between coronary microvascular disease and LV diastolic function in these subjects. (biomedcentral.com)

1 , 2 Approximately 50% of coronary aneurysms occurring in the acute stage of this disease were shown to regress within several years, and normal angiographic findings were demonstrated. (bmj.com)
Lesion reference to AHA types V and VI was discarded, because it failed to account for the 3 different morphologies (rupture, erosion, and calcified nodule) that give rise to acute coronary thrombosis. (medscape.com)

Infusion of Ucn2 in healthy humans has shown a dose dependent increase in cardiac output, heart rate and left ventricle ejection fraction and a decrease in systemic vascular resistance. (wikipedia.org)

Vascular endothelium contributes importantly to regulation of cardiovascular and metabolic homeostasis ( 1 , 2 ). (diabetesjournals.org)

Prognosis is generally good with treatment, although mortality rate is relatively high because coronary artery or cerebrovascular disease often coexists. (msdmanuals.com)
Some previous data do not support the liter- process in the determination of morbidity ature suggesting adverse effects of omega-3 and mortality from coronary heart disease fatty acids on lipid peroxidation [ 2,21,35 ]. (who.int)

We previously demonstrated that Up 4 A produced potent and partially endothelium-dependent relaxation in the porcine coronary microvasculature. (mdrresearch.nl)

eNOS inhibition attenuated Up 4 A-induced coronary relaxation in both Sham and AoB. (mdrresearch.nl)

The incompetent endothelium leads to late stent thrombosis and the development of in-stent neoatherosclerosis. (nature.com)

The incidence of target organ damage associated to CVD increases with age, and gender studies show global higher incidence in men for stroke and coronary artery disease (CAD) [ 10 ]. (hindawi.com)
The CAC score assesses the volume of coronary calcifications located in atherosclerotic plaques and provides a summary measure of atherosclerotic disease, reflecting the cumulative lifetime effect of risk factors and genetic and environmental factors [7]. (researchsquare.com)
subjects with coronary artery disease. (who.int)
Coronary Artery Disease. (readkong.com)

Anatomy41

Organisms9

Diseases41

Chemicals and Drugs61

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment60

Phenomena and Processes43

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science6

Health Care25

Arteries48

Vasodilation9

Suggesting endothelial dysfunction1

Atherosclerosis7

Endothelial function6

Angiography9

Nitric7

Acetylcholine7

Vasodilatation2

Dilation4

Vasodilator4

Conclusions2

Stenosis4

Risk of Coronary Heart D2

Development of coronary artery2

Circulation2

Arterioles3

Vessels5

Shear stress1

Vasodilators1

Responses to intracoronary1

Methods1

Patients11

Arterial1

Myocardial2

Microvascular dysfunction1

Dysfunction1

Luminal1

Dilatation1

Artery wall1

Vivo1

Function6

Acute2

Resistance1

Cardiovascular1

Mortality2

Porcine1

Inhibition1

Thrombosis1

Disease4