• Complete genome DNA sequence and analysis is presented for Wolbachia, the obligate alpha-proteobacterial endosymbiont required for fertility and survival of the human filarial parasitic nematode Brugia malayi. (nyu.edu)
  • Genome comparison of the Wolbachia endosymbiont of B. malayi (wBm) with the Wolbachia endosymbiont of Drosophila melanogaster (wMel) shows that they share similar metabolic trends, although their genomes show a high degree of genome shuffling. (nyu.edu)
  • Transinfections of Wolbachia endosymbionts are now being used to introduce useful phenotypes into sexual host populations, but there has been limited progress on applications using other endosymbionts and in asexual populations. (geneconvenevi.org)
  • O volvulus endosymbionts, such as the Wolbachia bacteria that are released upon its death, also cause an immunogenic response. (medscape.com)
  • Tsetse flies (Diptera: Glossinidae) harbor an obligate endosymbiont, Wigglesworthia, which has coevolved with the Glossina radiation. (kegg.jp)
  • As a result, the ancestral Hodgkinia genome has split into three groups of primary endosymbiont, each encoding only a fraction of the essential genes for the symbiosis-an instance of punctuated equilibrium producing distinct lineages of the symbiont. (wikipedia.org)
  • Endosymbionts with reduced genomes have fewer DNA repair genes. (asmblog.org)
  • Recent insights indicate that PI-endosymbionts may be able to directly manipulate sex-determination genes to induce the necessary steps required for PI in haplodiploids. (wur.nl)
  • This entry was followed by the gradual transfer of most bacterial endosymbiont genes into the archaeal host genome. (huji.ac.il)
  • Examples are nitrogen-fixing bacteria (called rhizobia), which live in the root nodules of legumes, single-cell algae inside reef-building corals and bacterial endosymbionts that provide essential nutrients to insects. (wikipedia.org)
  • The endosymbionts of insects provide an unending pa-rade of novelty. (asmblog.org)
  • Our new model of endosymbiont-induced thelytoky overthrows the view that certain sex determination mechanisms constrain the evolution of endosymbiont-induced thelytoky in hymenopteran insects. (altmetric.com)
  • Thus, the mechanism generating metabolic connectivity of the chromatophore fundamentally differs from the one for mitochondria and plastids, but likely rather resembles the poorly understood mechanism in various bacterial endosymbionts in plants and insects. (frontiersin.org)
  • Here, we develop a unique pathway to application in aphids by transferring the endosymbiont Rickettsiella viridis to the major crop pest Myzus persicae. (geneconvenevi.org)
  • 2012. Parasitoids as vectors of facultative bacterial endosymbionts in aphids. (discovermagazine.com)
  • Numerous insect species have endosymbionts at different stages of symbiogenesis. (wikipedia.org)
  • This shows up most dramatically at the low end of the scale, among the insect endosymbionts with greatly reduced genomes. (asmblog.org)
  • Now here comes another insect endosymbiont, this one from the Arizona cicada Diceroprocta se-micincta and given the name Candidatus Hodgkinia cicadicola . (asmblog.org)
  • Bacteria that live inside the cells of insect hosts (endosymbionts) can alter the reproduction of their hosts, including the killing of male offspring (male killing, MK). (geneconvenevi.org)
  • Our results highlight the importance of plant-mediated horizontal transmission and interactions with temperature as drivers of endosymbiont spread in asexual insect populations. (geneconvenevi.org)
  • Verhulst, EC , Pannebakker, BA & Geuverink, E 2023, ' Variation in sex determination mechanisms may constrain parthenogenesis-induction by endosymbionts in haplodiploid systems ', Current Opinion in Insect Science , vol. 56, 101023. (wur.nl)
  • Analysis of this first sequenced endosymbiont genome from a filarial nematode provides insight into endosymbiont evolution and additionally provides new potential targets for elimination of cutaneous and lymphatic human filarial disease. (nyu.edu)
  • Data from introgression lines indicated that the development of diploid individuals into males instead of females is not caused by malfunction-mutations in the host genome but that diploid males are most likely produced when the endosymbiont fails to activate the female sex determination pathway. (altmetric.com)
  • Because the cicada life cycle takes years underground, natural selection on endosymbiont populations is relaxed for many bacterial generations. (wikipedia.org)
  • These findings highlight the complexity of nuclear and microbial components affecting MK endosymbiont detection and dynamics in populations and the challenges of making connections between endosymbionts and the host phenotypes affected by them. (geneconvenevi.org)
  • I hypothesize that the appearance of sex facilitated the merging of the endosymbiont and host genomes during early eukaryote evolution. (huji.ac.il)
  • Some species in these lineages reproduce by thelytoky that is caused by infection with endosymbionts: infected females lay haploid eggs that undergo diploidization and develop into females, while males are very rare or absent. (altmetric.com)
  • Our data therefore support a two-step mechanism by which endosymbionts induce thelytoky in A. japonica: diploidization of the unfertilized egg is followed by feminization, whereby each step correlates with a threshold of endosymbiont titer during wasp development. (altmetric.com)
  • In addition, our model broadens our understanding of the mechanisms by which endosymbionts induce thelytoky to enhance their transmission to the next generation. (altmetric.com)
  • This puzzling observation led us to hypothesize that the molecular sex-determination mechanism of the haplodiploid host may be a constraining factor in the ability of endosymbionts to induce parthenogenesis. (wur.nl)
  • An endosymbiont or endobiont is any organism that lives within the body or cells of another organism most often, though not always, in a mutualistic relationship. (wikipedia.org)
  • So, now back to the original question: why the reduced GC% for all endosymbionts so far except Hodgkinia? (asmblog.org)
  • Endosymbionts can cause parthenogenesis through feminization, even in groups in which endosymbiont-diploidized eggs would develop into males following the hosts' sex determination mechanism. (altmetric.com)
  • These microbes are known as endosymbionts, and they help out their hosts. (discovermagazine.com)
  • I suggest that this mechanism was meiotic sex, and that its appearance might have been THE crucial step that enabled the evolution of proper eukaryotes from early endosymbiont containing proto-eukaryotes. (huji.ac.il)
  • Lastly, phylogenetic analyses of bacterial endosymbionts provide the first insight into the relationships among Sodalis symbionts within the Brueelia-complex. (myspecies.info)
  • that is, either the endosymbiont or the host cannot survive without the other, such as the gutless marine worms of the genus Riftia, which obtain nutrition from their endosymbiotic bacteria. (wikipedia.org)
  • During organellogenesis, linkage of the previously independent biological networks of the former host and endosymbiont resulted in a homeostatic and synergistic association. (frontiersin.org)
  • Molecular identification of algal endosymbionts in large miliolid foraminifera: 1. (unige.ch)
  • Phylogenetic analysis of the sequences confirms the previous fine structure-based identification of these endosymbionts as belonging to the genus Chlamydomonas. (unige.ch)
  • Miniature spatial transcriptomics for studying parasite-endosymbiont relationships at the micro scale. (bvsalud.org)
  • Candidatus Cardinium' is an intracellular endosymbiont or parasite frequently occurring in invertebrates including mites and ticks. (reading.ac.uk)
  • It is generally assumed that in thelytokous wasps, endosymbionts merely diploidize the unfertilized eggs, which would then trigger female development. (altmetric.com)
  • Endosymbionts are maternally transmitted, and therefore benefit from maximizing female offspring numbers. (wur.nl)
  • T. turnerae is a marine gamma proteobacterium that occurs as an intracellular endosymbiont in the gills of wood-boring marine bivalves of the family Teredinidae (shipworms). (nih.gov)
  • Teredinibacter turnerae is a cultivable intracellular endosymbiont of xylotrophic (wood-feeding) bivalves of the Family Teredinidae (shipworms). (cmich.edu)
  • Examples are nitrogen-fixing bacteria (called rhizobia), which live in the root nodules of legumes, single-cell algae inside reef-building corals and bacterial endosymbionts that provide essential nutrients to insects. (wikipedia.org)
  • that is, either the endosymbiont or the host cannot survive without the other, such as the gutless marine worms of the genus Riftia, which obtain nutrition from their endosymbiotic bacteria. (wikipedia.org)
  • Endosymbiont bacteria grown in the media then purified, characterized, and tested for enzymatic abilities such as amylase, protease, lipase and cellulase. (envirobiotechjournals.com)
  • The abundance of cockroach midgut endosymbiont bacteria was detected as much as 1.1 x 104 CFU/mL. (envirobiotechjournals.com)
  • and 'Candidatus Gortzia infectiva', known as Holospora-like bacteria (HLB), are commonly found as nuclear endosymbionts of ciliates, especially the Paramecium genus. (unipi.it)
  • A family of bacteria comprised of endosymbionts of protozoa. (bvsalud.org)
  • Because many genes in the Wolbachia endosymbiont of D. ananassae ( wAna ) have not been characterized, I used multiple bioinformatics programs to compare the genome assemblies of wAna with wMel and wRi to improve the wAna gene annotations. (wustl.edu)
  • Genomic diversity in Onchocerca volvulus and its Wolbachia endosymbiont. (nih.gov)
  • Stage-Specific Transcriptome and Proteome Analyses of the Filarial Parasite Onchocerca volvulus and Its Wolbachia Endosymbiont. (nih.gov)
  • Distribution and Variation of Bacterial Endosymbiont and 'Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus' Titer in the Huanglongbing Insect Vector, Diaphorina citri Kuwayama. (btiscience.org)
  • Sequence context of indel mutations and their effect on protein evolution in a bacterial endosymbiont. (kegg.jp)
  • An endosymbiont or endobiont is any organism that lives within the body or cells of another organism most often, though not always, in a mutualistic relationship. (wikipedia.org)
  • An endosymbiont is any organism that lives within the body or cells of another organism, resulting in mutual benefits for both parties. (in4arts.com)
  • Endosymbiont is an organism that lives within living cells or an organism. (in4arts.com)
  • Aphids commonly harbour other facultative bacterial endosymbionts and may benefit from their presence through increased resistance to parasitoids [1] . (entomoljournal.com)
  • Not only did they provide part of the solution to the puzzle of injury-mediated SIRS (what they used to call "sterile SIRS"), but lent some support to the endosymbiont hypothesis! (benjamintseng.com)
  • The rbcL DGGE profiles directly from all hosts were clearly different from those extracted from diatoms cultured from the same host specimens, as well as from Nitzschia laevis , a commonly reported diatom endosymbiont in past culture-based studies. (usf.edu)
  • This paradigm is due largely to the tight coupling in nutrient cycling between the coral host and endosymbionts (commonly referred to as zooxanthellae), whereby inorganic nutrients excreted by the coral animal are assimilated by the symbiotic dinoflagellates of the family Symbiodiniaceae 18 to support photosynthesis 19 . (nature.com)
  • The Laboratory of Human Endosymbiont Medicine, led by Dr. Neal Epstein, focuses on the further analysis of a novel life form that has been identified by our laboratory to exist within a subset of most all nucleated human cells, forming isolated foci in most tissues. (nih.gov)
  • Neal Epstein, M.D., is a senior investigator who leads the Laboratory of Human Endosymbiont Medicine at the NHLBI. (nih.gov)
  • Phylogenetic patterns for Francisella-like endosymbionts, constructed using sequence data from the bacterial 16S rRNA locus, were similar to those for D. variabilis, with two major groups that had a nearly perfect one-to-one correlation with the two major groups within D. variabilis. (nau.edu)
  • This study demonstrates that seabird nutrients from islands are assimilated by endosymbionts in corals on fringing reefs and enhance growth of a dominant reef-building species, Acropora formosa . (nature.com)
  • A total of 20 endosymbiont bacterial isolates had different characters and had the ability to hydrolyze starch, cellulose, protein, and lipid. (envirobiotechjournals.com)
  • Cockroach endosymbiont isolates are potential to be applied for organic waste treatment. (envirobiotechjournals.com)
  • DNA extracted from individual ticks (n = 1053) was also screened for a Francisella-like endosymbiont, using a targeted 16S rRNA sequencing approach, and important pathogens (Rickettsia spp. (nau.edu)
  • Diatom sequences from DNA extracted directly from the cytoplasm of the Amphistegina hosts were species specific and distinct from sequences obtained from cultured diatoms and from sequences in GenBank of diatom taxa previously reported as endosymbionts. (usf.edu)
  • Of diatom taxa previously reported as endosymbionts of larger foraminifers, Nanofrustulum shiloi was the most similar, but not identical, to the sequences from hosts collected from the Atlantic and Hawai'i. (usf.edu)
  • Ant endosymbionts - Taxon details on National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). (wikimedia.org)
  • Barnes, Kwasi H., "Diversity and Distribution of Diatom Endosymbionts in Amphistegina spp. (usf.edu)
  • Diversity of bacterial endosymbionts associated with Macrosteles leafhoppers vectoring phytopathogenic phytoplasmas. (ub.ac.id)
  • Emergent feedbacks through increased evolutionary stable dispersal rates provide an alternative explanation for both, the high male-killing endosymbiont infection rates and the high among-population variation in local infection rates reported for some natural systems. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
  • Endosymbiont and endophyte are two types of organisms which show mutualism. (in4arts.com)
  • Endosymbiont and endophyte live within living cells or organisms. (in4arts.com)
  • Endosymbionts are symbiotic organisms living inside the living cells or living organism for mutual benefits. (in4arts.com)
  • The main difference between endosymbiont and endophyte is that endosymbiont is an organism which lives within any type of living cells or organisms while endophyte is an endosymbiont which lives only within plant cells. (in4arts.com)
  • Growth kinetics of endosymbiont Wolbachia in the common bed bug, Cimex lectularius. (nih.gov)
  • An endosymbiont is an organism which lives within the body or cells of another organism in a mutualistic interaction. (in4arts.com)
  • Endosymbiont can have a mutualistic interaction with any type of living organism. (in4arts.com)
  • The network analysis predicted a potential antagonistic interaction between endosymbiont Rickettsia buchneri and Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato. (nih.gov)
  • My findings are consistent with ultrastructural studies of endosymbionts of Amphistegina published in the early 1980s and congruent with recent molecular studies of endosymbionts in other diatom-bearing foraminifers, all of which indicate specificity. (usf.edu)
  • We found molecular signatures consistent with Francisella-like endosymbionts in 257 of the DNA extracts from the 1053 individual ticks, as well as Rickettsia spp. (nau.edu)
  • The best example for endosymbiont is the bacterium Rhizobium which lives in legume plant root nodules. (in4arts.com)
  • Endophyte is an endosymbiont which lives within plant cells. (in4arts.com)
  • No fitness compensations were built into the model for male killing endosymbionts, but they spread as a group beneficial trait. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
  • Conclusion: Male killing endosymbionts without explicit fitness compensation spread as a group selected trait into a metapopulation. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
  • However, in eukaryotes, the impact of HGT is generally assumed to be much lower but has not been thoroughly analyzed, with the exception of the massive HGT from the endosymbionts. (nih.gov)
  • This is the key difference between endosymbiont and endophyte. (in4arts.com)
  • In addition, male killing endosymbionts are expected to approach fixation when fitness of infected individuals is larger than that of uninfected ones and when transmission from mother to offspring is nearly perfect. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
  • On the topic of isopod gut endosymbionts (though not of the deep sea), there's a recent PNAS paper starring a wood-boring isopod devoid of cellulose-digesting gut microbes, capable of lignocellulose digestion all on its own! (fieldofscience.com)