• When he became an independent investigator, first at the EMBL and then at the University of Geneva, he continued this line of research and worked on the characterization of early and late endosomes, and identified a transport intermediate between these organelles known as the ECVs/MVBs (Early Carrier Vesicles / MultiVesicular Bodies). (wikipedia.org)
  • Using specific monoclonal antibodies, LBPA/BMP was shown to be enriched in intralumenal vesicles of late endosomes and to regulate the intracellular transport and homeostasis of cholesterol. (wikipedia.org)
  • LBPA/BMP is also directly involved in the formation of intracellular vesicles within multivesicular endosomes and endosome-mimicking liposomes. (wikipedia.org)
  • Chloroquine can raise the pH of endosomes, vesicles inside cells that are hijacked as points of entry by viruses. (the-scientist.com)
  • Exosomes are nanometer-range vesicles originating from the fusion of endosomes with the plasma membrane of eukaryotic cells. (anton-paar.com)
  • Many are taken in by endocytosis, sinking into pits in the membrane that pinch off to form vesicles that drop into the cell, where they are known as early endosomes. (alzforum.org)
  • These may deliver their contents to the Golgi for recycling or become more mature vesicles known as late endosomes, whose contents are passed to bodies called lysosomes, where they are destroyed. (alzforum.org)
  • 2020). FERARI is an unusual tether as it combines membrane fusion and membrane fission activities to promote kiss-and-run of Rab11-positive recycling vesicles with sorting endosomes. (unibas.ch)
  • More recently, we also showed that FERARI can also promote kiss-and-run of early endocytic Rab5 positive-vesicles with sorting endosomes (Solinger et al. (unibas.ch)
  • Mitochondria receive cholesterol from late endosomes and lysosomes (LE/LYSs) or from the plasma membrane for production of oxysterols and steroid hormones. (nature.com)
  • When cellular cholesterol trafficking is interrupted, it can lead to fatal disorders, such as the neurodegenerative Niemann Pick type C (NPC) disease, in which cholesterol accumulates in late endosomes and lysosomes (LE/LYSs) and fails to reach the homeostatic sensing machinery in the ER 4 . (nature.com)
  • Some proteins are transported to lysosomes, other internalized proteins are delivered to the trans-Golgi network or back to the plasma membrane by recycling endosomes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Jeschke, A. & Haas, A. (2023) Biochemically reconstituted fusion of phagosomes and endosomes with lysosomes. (uni-bonn.de)
  • Schleinitz, A., L.A. Pöttgen, T. Keren-Kaplan, J. Pu, P. Saftig, J.S. Bonifacino, A. Haas & A. Jeschke (2023) Consecutive functions of small GTPases guide HOPS-mediated tethering of late endosomes and lysosomes. (uni-bonn.de)
  • We investigated the effects of FTIs on axonal trafficking of endolysosomal organelles and found that lonafarnib and LNK-754 enhanced retrograde axonal transport in primary neurons, indicating FTIs could support the maturation of axonal late endosomes into lysosomes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This dissertation reports the function of Nhx1, an endosomal Na+ (K+)/H+ exchanger, in late endosome - vacuole membrane fusion in the model eukaryote S. cerevisiae. (concordia.ca)
  • Because membrane fusion between late endosomes and vacuoles is the final event necessary for protein delivery, and because Nhx1 binds Gyp6, a Rab-GTPase activating protein that is predicted to regulate membrane fusion, I hypothesized that Nhx1 may play a role in LE - vacuole membrane fusion. (concordia.ca)
  • Thus, to test this hypothesis, I first devised and optimized an in vitro LE - vacuole membrane fusion assay, which relies on the assembly of complementary β-lactamase fragments to form an active enzyme upon lumenal content mixing. (concordia.ca)
  • Thus, we show that FM 4-64 is a new vital stain for the vacuolar membrane, a marker for endocytic intermediates, and a fluor for detecting endosome to vacuole membrane transport in vitro. (rupress.org)
  • Recent studies show that EARP is involved in recycling cargos from endosomes back to plasma membrane. (biomedcentral.com)
  • VPS50 is mainly associated with the cytosolic face of endosomes marked by the small GTPase Rab4, and promotes the recycling of TfRs from endosomes to the plasma membrane. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Endosomes, mediating transport of intracellular and extracellular cargos, are important functional elements in the organization of intracellular membrane dynamics [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Together with continuously developing analytical mass spectrometric approaches these tools are used to elucidate a contribution of specific lipid environments to the translocation of proteins across membranes, to the intracellular formation of virus particles, lipid droplets, and endosomes, and to understand the complex events that allow the controlled fusion of membranes, as e.g. in neurotransmission. (trr83.de)
  • It can target the endosome and lysosome in-vitro in HeLa cells and C. elegans . (esyalabs.com)
  • The Mechanisms in Cell Biology and Disease Research Group has a specific interest in endosome-lysosome cell biology in cancer and is developing diagnostic, prognostic and imaging technology for biochemical medicine, which will benefit patients and the wider community. (edu.au)
  • Furthermore, our in vitro assay demonstrated that recombinant Mon2 did not promote guanine nucleotide exchange of Arl1. (a-star.edu.sg)
  • This change determines differential localization of EARP to recycling endosomes and GARP to the Golgi complex. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We demonstrated that Mon2 was involved in endosome-to-Golgi trafficking as its depletion accelerated the delivery of furin and CI-M6PR to Golgi after endocytosis. (a-star.edu.sg)
  • One of the genes mutated in patients is CHMP2B, which encodes a protein found in a complex important for maturation of late endosomes, an essential process for recycling membrane proteins through the endolysosomal system. (lu.se)
  • In vitro characterization and delivery of chitosan-DNA microparticles into mammalian cells. (ualberta.ca)
  • An additional requirement for endosome fusion is the protein Early Endosome Antigen 1 (EEA1), and its recruitment to the endosome depends on phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate [PI(3)P] and the Rab5 GTPase. (umassmed.edu)
  • Analyses in tissue culture and in whole organisms are complemented by in vitro reconstitution of functional membrane protein complexes from completely defined lipids and proteins. (trr83.de)
  • In endosomes, the protein and lipid components of lipoproteins are hydrolyzed to small building blocks, which are then released. (harvard.edu)
  • Recombinant GAKIN and PIP 3 BP form a complex on synthetic liposomes containing PIP 3 and support the motility of the liposomes along microtubules in vitro. (silverchair.com)
  • In the present study, we have investigated DNA encapsulation efficiency and loading capacity of chitosan microparticles prepared in different conditions, as well as in vitro DNA release from microparticles, and transfection of different cell lines with chitosan-DNA microparticles, which may be employed in future in vivo studies. (ualberta.ca)
  • The efficient delivery of functional therapeutic genes into target cells in vitro and in vivo is an important problem in gene therapy approaches for the treatment of hereditary diseases and cancer (9, 10). (ualberta.ca)
  • Chitosan microparticles containing reporter genes are being used for the transfection of mammalian cells both in vitro and in vivo conditions (28-30). (ualberta.ca)
  • In vitro and in vivo analysis of pro- and anti-inflammatory effects of weak and strong contact allergens. (asproc.org)
  • Although the transfection efficiency of chitosan-DNA microparticles was typically lower than that of DNA complexed with lipid-based reagents, in vitro transfection results indicated that HEK293 cells take up chitosan-DNA microparticles more efficiently compared to HeLa and mouse fibroblastic 3T3 cell lines. (ualberta.ca)
  • His 2005 study reported "strong antiviral effects" in animal cells in vitro. (the-scientist.com)
  • After early studies on parasites (T. brucei and P. falciparum), Jean Gruenberg switched focus and studied the dynamics endosomal processes when he started to work at the European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL) with Kate Howell, and made several important discoveries on the molecular factors directing endosome dynamics, and was successful in reconstituting the process in vitro. (wikipedia.org)
  • Cholesterol trafficking between sterol-rich organelles, such as the PM and endosomes and metabolically active but sterol-poor organelles, like ER and mitochondria, is very important, as the two latter harbor the molecular machinery to sense cellular cholesterol abundance and to convert cholesterol into essential sterol metabolites, respectively 4 . (nature.com)
  • Ca2+/CaM is required for early endosome fusion in vitro, however, the molecular basis for this requirement is unknown. (umassmed.edu)
  • The definition of dose for nanoparticles in an in vitro system is particles in vitro. (cdc.gov)
  • We demand to characterize the hazard potential of the considerable develop these ideas by introducing the concept of cellular dose number of nanomaterials that have been or will be produced is in vitro as an important dose metric and by integrating aspects of material science, solution physics, and kinetics to present the 1 factors and processes affecting the cellular dose for particles. (cdc.gov)
  • We've been studying the export and sorting of cholesterol from endosomes, exploring the system as a paradigm for the greater question of how cells control the distribution of lipids to maintain membrane homeostasis. (harvard.edu)
  • In vitro assays also show impaired traffic of fluorescent probes in asrij null hemocytes. (nih.gov)
  • An in vitro study reveals that RNF34 directly recognizes the CFTR NBD1 and selectively promotes the ubiquitination of unfolded proteins. (nih.gov)
  • In an attempt to understand the function of APP, in vitro studies have focused on the identification of interacting proteins. (jneurosci.org)
  • Once in endosomes, the fates of internalized proteins diverge. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Herein, we demonstrate that inhibition of Ca2+/CaM, by using either chemical inhibitors or specific antibodies directed to CaM, results in a profound inhibition of EEA1 binding to endosomal membranes both in live cells and in vitro. (umassmed.edu)
  • Adam has begun to reconstitute the endosomal production of cholesterol from cholesteryl ester and its subsequent export in vitro," says Nohturfft. (harvard.edu)
  • In order to understand how these processes are regulated and coordinated by FERARI, we aim to biochemically elucidate and recapitulate FERARI function in vitro. (unibas.ch)
  • Finally, using permeabilized yeast spheroplasts to reconstitute FM 4-64 transport, we found that delivery of FM 4-64 from the endosome-like intermediate compartment (labeled at 15 degrees C) to the vacuole was ATP and cytosol dependent. (rupress.org)
  • Despite the considerable attention in vitro systems have area concentration doses differ by orders of magnitude. (cdc.gov)
  • To study the adsorption, penetration and replication of the virus, a major obstacle has been the lack of an efficient and reproducible in vitro infection system. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The present in vitro study adds new information concerning the biochemical composition of CSE-related EVs, useful to predict their biological effects on target cells. (izon.com)
  • Thus, the identification of the HCV receptor on the surface of susceptible cells, especially hepatocytes, remains a major challenge for the development of both in vitro cell culture systems, and for the design of successful therapies [ 3 , 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • accepted October 27, 2006 one of the most significant challenges faced by the regulatory, The rapid growth in the use of in vitro methods for nanoparticle research, and producer communities. (cdc.gov)
  • In vitro studies revealed that the release of DNA from chitosan microparticles could be controlled by changing the formulation conditions. (ualberta.ca)
  • In vitro studies, which have toxicity assessment has proceeded with limited consideration of the become an essential component of risk assessment-directed unique kinetics of these materials in solution. (cdc.gov)
  • The primary mechanism by which hydroxychloroquine modulates systemic lupus erythematosus is by suppressing activation of Toll-like receptors, which exist on the surface of endosomes and play a significant role in the innate immune response and in autoimmune disease. (ccjm.org)
  • Here we develop and apply the principles of their evolution from systems principally for evaluating mechanism dosimetry in vitro and outline an approach for simulation of of toxicity to high-throughput systems for rapid and cost-effective nanoparticle particokinetics in cell culture systems. (cdc.gov)
  • In vitro Dissolution study was performed to see that if potency is high but the drug is not bioavailable. (hilarispublisher.com)
  • This requirement is likely to underlie at least in part the essential role of Ca2+/CaM in endosome fusion. (umassmed.edu)
  • Soft X-ray tomography reveals the ultrastructure of mitochondria and discloses close contact to endosome-like organelles. (nature.com)
  • 1. Can simulate ADC drug function in vitro. (cusabio.com)
  • Here, we have generated a CHMP2B-mutated human embryonic stem cell line using genome editing with the purpose to create a human in vitro FTD disease model. (lu.se)
  • Tight control of endosome trafficking is essential for the generation of a normally patterned embryo. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Asrij mutant lymph glands show increased N in sorting endosomes suggesting aberrant trafficking. (nih.gov)
  • In vitro experimentation revealed that the addition of an apoE isoform called apoE3 boosted cell uptake of the nanoparticle over nine-fold, while improving the escape of siRNAs from endosomes into cytosol. (genomeweb.com)
  • Après des études de médecine à l'Université de Genève et une formation clinique en pathologie, médecine interne et maladies infectieuses à Genève et au Massachusetts General Hospital de Boston, Didier Trono s'engage dans une carrière scientifique au Whitehead Institute du MIT. (epfl.ch)